90

THE CRC HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS

I. RATIONALE
No one knows everything. It isn't possible and it isn't necessary. There are many things that a scientist needs to know -- like elemental names and symbols, or what formulas and equations mean. Sometimes knowing where to look up information is more important than knowing the information. For example, it may be important to be able to look up the melting point for a compound, but very unlikely that you would need to memorize this value. Libraries are sources of information, including information about chemistry and physics. One important reference book is the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Another is The Merck Index. In this exercise you will learn to find information in the CRC Handbook.

II. Prerequisites
None, beyond being able to read and follow directions carefully.

III. Objectives
When you are done with this exercise you should be able to look up and retrieve information from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics.

IV. Exercise 1. Introduction

The CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics has been around a long time. Each year it is updated and a new edition is published. Two things are apt to be noticed when this happens. 1) New topics are added to the book. 2) Old topics and/or information are deleted. As a result, no two editions have the same information. For this exercise, go to the SouthArk Library and find the 88th Edition. Even if available to you, use no other Edition for this exercise! The information that you will look up is specified in sections 2. The Elements to 6. Geophysics and Astronomy, below. So that not everyone looks for the same information, you will be instructed below to go to the item which is identified by the first letter of your last name, get that information and the information from the next letter of the alphabet (not the information for the next letter of your name.) For example, if your last name is "Clancy", get the information from C and

91 D. (For example, in Section 2. The Elements, this would correspond to C. Argon and D. Astatine.) If your last name is "Zimmer", you would get the information for Z., then "roll over the alphabet" and finish with A. Notice that the book is not numbered sequentially from page 1 to page 2785, like most books. The book is divided into Sections. Each Section is identified with a number and a Title. The Section number is used as part of the page number. There can be a page 1-21, a page 2-21, a page 3-21, etc. Don't just look for page 21. In older editions the Sections had a letter instead of a number, so the pages were designated A-21, B-21, etc. Each Section is subdivided into what, for want of a better term, I will refer to as Chapters. Some Chapters may be primarily text; others are tables. Note: Wrong information is as useless as no information: Make sure that you fill in the right information in the right selections below! If there is no information or data in The Handbook for some item below, just write not given in the space. If there are several bits of information, such as several uses, just give the first one described in The Handbook (instead of giving something else that you know about or find more interesting.) Note: The Lab Report for this exercise is the last page of this exercise. You MUST place the answers on the Lab Report and turn it in by the due date to receive credit. Because this exercise is announced weeks in advance of the due date, no late Lab Reports will be accepted. Anyone who does not use the Lab Report Form will receive only half credit for the exercise.

2. The Elements
Go to The Elements Chapter. Fill in the item below corresponding to the first letter of your last name, and the following item. Note: When asked for the origin of the name, tell what word in what language the name came from, not who named it. A. Actinium What is the origin of the name?

Briefly describe its discovery: D. Astatine What is the origin of the name? E. Berkelium Briefly describe a use:

F. Bismuth Briefly describe its discovery:

G. Bromine What is the origin of the name? H. Calcium Briefly describe a use:

B. Americium Briefly describe a use:

C. Argon

I. Carbon

92 Briefly describe its discovery: Briefly describe its discovery:

J. Cesium What is the origin of the name?

V. Manganese What is the origin of the name?

K. Chromium Briefly describe a use:

W. Mercury Briefly describe a use:

L. Copper Briefly describe its discovery:

X. Neodymium Briefly describe its discovery:

M. Dysprosium What is the origin of the name?

Y. Neptunium What is the origin of the name?

N. Erbium Briefly describe a use:

Z. Niobium Briefly describe a use:

O. Fermium Briefly describe its discovery:

3. Inorganic compounds
Go to the Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds Chapter. Fill in the item below corresponding to the first letter of your last name, and the following item. A. Aluminum bromide hexahydrate Molecular weight

P. Francium What is the origin of the name?

Q. Gallium Briefly describe a use:

R. Gold Almost always associated with what minerals?

B. Americium(IV) oxide Physical form C. Ammonium fluorosulfonate Formula

S. Helium What is the origin of the name?

T. Hydrogen What planet may contain solid metallic hydrogen?

D. Antimony(III) oxychloride Molecular weight

E. Barium carbonate Formula

U. Iodine

F. Bismuth oleate

93 Physical Form G. Boron nitride Density Formula

T. Molybdenum(IV) fluoride Formula U. Niobium silicide Density

H. Cadmium sulfate monohydrate Molecular weight

I. Carbon dioxide Melting point

V. Osmium(IV) oxide Formula

J. Chlorine dioxide Boiling point

W. Potassium hexachloroplatinate Physical form

K. Cobalt(II) bromide hexahydrate Molecular weight

X. Praseodymium boride Melting point

L. Copper(II) acetate metaarsenite Formula

Y. Samarium(II) chloride Molecular weight

M. Europium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Formula

Z. Silane Formula

N. Germane Density

4. Organic Compounds
Go to the Physical Constants of Organic Compounds Chapter. Fill in the item below corresponding to the first letter of your last name, and the following item. Note that the data fields and abbreviations used in the table are explained at the beginning of the chapter. Notice also that two lines of data appear for each compound. Make sure that you report only the data from the proper line. Do not use abbreviations for this section on the Lab Report. This section of the Handbook has a page to tell you what the abbreviations mean: Look them up!

O. Indium(I) iodide Molecular weight

P. Iron(II) chromite Physical form

Q. Lead(II) acetate Solubility in water

R. Lutetium sulfide Molecular weight

S. Manganese carbonyl

94 Caution: Many data columns contain TWO entries, one above the other, for each compound. Check the column heading to make sure that you pick the right data for each compound! A. Acetamide Synonym Molecular weight

M. Carbamic chloride Synonym

N. Carbon diselenide Molecular Formula

B. Acetic anhydride Melting point

O. Decane Molecular Formula

C. 9-Acridinamine Melting point

P. Ethanethiol Melting point

D. Anthracene Molecular Formula

Q. Flucythrinate Density

E. Atropine Molecular weight

R. Glycine Molecular Formula

F. Benzaldehyde Melting point

S. 1-Heptadecene Molecular weight

G. Benzeneacetic acid Synonym

T. Ibuprophen Molecular formula

H. Benzoic acid Synonym

U. Lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol, (3) Molecular Formula

I. Benzonitrile Melting point

V. Methanethiol Synonym

J. Benzoyl fluoride Molecular weight

W. Naphthalene Melting point X. Octadecylamine Density

K. Biphenyl Molecular Formula

L. Butanedial

Y. Paraformaldehyde

95 Molecular Formula 1) Find the group of four lines (containing 16 amino acids) labeled at the left of the chart with the first letter of the codon: U in our example. 2) Put the edge of a sheet of paper (or other straight edge) under the last line of the selected group and move it up until it is under the line (containing 4 amino acids) labeled at the right of the line with the third letter (NO! Not the second letter!) of the codon: A in our example. 3) Find the amino acid in this line which is below the second letter of the codon (labeled at the top of the chart): C in our example. The amino acid in this location is Ser. If you go through this procedure for the codon UGA you should end up with term. Give the 3-letter abbreviation for the amino acid corresponding to the 3-letter codon specified: A. UUU

Z. Quinoline Molecular weight

5. The Genetic Code

Go to The Genetic Code Chapter. Fill in the item below corresponding to the first letter of your last name, and the following item. You may use the abbreviations of the amino acid names on the Lab Report. Directions for interpreting the Chart: The chart allows you to find the amino acid (given as a standard 3-letter abbreviation) from each possible RNA codon. For example, the codon UCA codes for Ser (serine). Notice first that each codon is made up of three bases, abbreviated by U (uracil), C (cytosine), A (adenine), and G (guanine.) Any of these four bases may appear in the first, second, or third letter of a codon. These codons and the amino acids that they encode including a few codons that code for the beginning (init) or ending (term) of a protein are shown in the chart in the CRC Handbook. The chart arranges these codons into four groups of four lines divided into four columns. Groups of lines are labeled at the left with the abbreviation of the first base in the codon, each line is labeled at the right with the abbreviation of the third base in the codon, and each column is labeled at the top with the abbreviation of the second base in the codon. Use the following procedure to find the amino acid for a specific codon (well use the UCA codon as an example):

B.

UAU

C.

CUC

D.

CAU

E.

AUU

F.

AAU

G.

GUU

H.

GAU

96 I. UUC Z. CCG

J.

UAC

6. Geophysics and Astronomy

Go to the Section on Geophysics, Astronomy, and Acoustics. Fill in the item below corresponding to the first letter of your last name, and the following item. Note 1: For the Geological Time Scale, Epoch is a subheading (when given) under the Period heading and is shown by indenting. Note 2: For satellites which are not round, their length x width x height dimensions are given instead of radius A. What is the density of the planet Mercury?

K.

CUC

L.

CAC

M.

AUC

N. O.

AAC GUC

P.

GAC

Q.

UUA B. What is the % CO2 in the atmosphere of the planet Venus?

R.

UGG

S.

CCG

C. What is the radius, in km, of Neptune's satellite Nereid?

T.

CGG

D. What is the escape velocity of Mars?

U.

ACG

E. What is the mass of Earth's biosphere in kg?

V.

AGG F. What was the key event of the Cretaceous Period?

W.

GCG

X.

GGG

G. What is the radius of Saturn in km?

Y.

UCG

H. What is the % O2 in the atmosphere of the planet Mars?

97 I. Which of Uranus' satellites has the longest orbital period? J. What is the mean acceleration of gravity, in m/sec2, at the equator of Earth? K. What was the key event of the Silurian Period? L. What is the volume of the sun in m3? Y. How many million years ago did the first conifers appear on Earth? M. What is the % H2 in the atmosphere of the planet Neptune? Z. How many satellites does the planet Saturn have? N. What is the distance, in 103 km, of Mars' satellite Phobos? V. What is the mean surface temperature, in K, of the planet Pluto?

W. What is the radius, in km, of Saturn's satellite Atlas?

X. What key event occurred on Earth between 55 and 67 million years ago?

O. What were the key events of the Oligocene Epoch?

P. In what Geological Period did the first birds appear on Earth?

Q. What is the total kinetic energy, in J, of the planets of our solar system?

R. What is the inclination of Neptune's satellite Galatea?

S. What is the age of Earth in years?

T. In which Geological Period did vertebrates appear on Earth?

U. What is the total radiant power emitted by the sun in W (watts)?

98

Lab Report: CRC Handbook

Make sure that you write the Letter which should accompany each answer. Because this exercise is announced weeks in advance of the due date, no late Lab Reports will be accepted 1. (1) The CRC Handbook edition in the SouthArk Library that you were to use: _____ 4. (4) Organic Compounds

2. (4) The Elements

5. (4) The Genetic Code

3. (4) Inorganic Compounds

6. (4) Geophysics and Astronomy

Revised: 11/25/2008