PERSONALITY

Talent alone cannot make a writer. There must be a man behind the book; a personality which, by birth and quality, is pledged to the doctrines there set forth, and which exists to see and state things so, and not otherwise.

CAN YOU RECOGNIZE ??

CONTENTS
Definition & Concepts of Personality Personality Determinants Personality Theories
Type Theory Traits Theory Psychoanalytic Theory Social Learning Theory Humanistic Theory

Personality traits & their effect on OB Conclusion Queries

What is Personality ?
Distinctive Thinking Feeling Acting

Sum total of ways of Behavior of individual Characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and Persons behavior. Interaction between biology and environment

 Analysis and Observation of Daily Behavior of people. Components of Personality

Consistency Physiological & Psychological Impact behaviors and actions Multiple expressions

Concept of Personality

COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY
Personality is displayed in more than just behavior.
Expression

Personality does not just influence how we move and respond in our environment; it also causes us to act in certain ways.

Physiological & Psychological construct.

Impact/Action

Personality

Physiological & Psychological

Different Behavior in different situations

CONSISTENCY

PERSONALITY DETERMINANTS
. In the early stages of a child development parents play an important role.

Environment
Physical stature, facial Culture, norms, attitude, attractiveness, sex, values etc. temperament, reflexes, energy level, etc.
.

Personality
The process in not confined to childhood only but it take place throughout ones life. Certain situation in ones life also help in personality development.

THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
Type
Trait Psychoanalytic Social Learning Humanistic
Physical structure Psychological Factors
Specific dimensions of personality

Unconscious motivations

Influence of environment

Inner capacity for growth

TYPE THEORY
People are grouped into identifiable categories.

Classification :
Physical Structure of Body Sheldon Psychological Factors Carl Jung

SHELDON
Body type Endomorph
Plump, buxom, short

Mesomorph
Muscular

Ectomorph
Lean, thin, tall

Relaxed, sociable, tolerant, comfortloving, peaceful

Active, noisy, vigorous, combative

Quiet, fond of solitude , restrained, self-conscious

CARL JUNG
Psychological Factors Introvert Extrovert
Gregarious , socialable

Shy , Quiet , Retiring

Greater sensitivity & concern for feeling

Oriented towards other people , objects & events

TRAIT THEORY
Based on consistent personal characteristics Examples of Individual traits - Honesty - Kindness - Compassion - Courage - Loyalty - Responsible - Social - Talkative - Sensitive

Gordon Allports Trait Theory

Cardinal traits

Traits that dominate an individuals whole life Basic foundations of personality Appear only in certain situations

Central Traits

Secondary traits

Raymond Cattells Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire

Eysencks Three Dimensions of Personality

Introversion/ Extroversion Neuroticism/ Emotional stability

Quiet and Reserved Social and Outgoing Upset or Emotional Remain emotionally constant Antisocial, Hostile, Nonempathetic and Manipulative

Psychoticism

Five Factor Theory

Openness

creative & willing to try new things reliable, responsible, thorough, dependable, hard-working outgoing, social, active, talkative easy to get along with, pleasant, sympathetic, warm, cooperative emotional stability

Conscientious ness

Extraversion

Agreeableness

Neuroticism

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

It regards situations as an important determinant of behavior.
Variables determining individual behavior in particular situation: -

Competencies Cognitive Strategies Outcome expectation Subjective value outcome Self-regulatory systems & plans

Competencies

Intelligence ability, social skills etc Select information & organize it meaningfully

Cognitive Strategies

Outcome expectation

Expectation about consequences

Subjective value outcome

Same expectancy, but different behavior

Self-regulatory systems & plans

Individual differences in behavior

PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

(Developed by sigmund freud )

Characteristics of Psychoanalytic Theory:-

1). It is the first comprehensive personality theory. 2). This theory provides a method for treating neurotic ills. 3). An extensive body of clinical observations based on some therapeutic experience & self analysis

the mind is like an iceberg 90% of which is under the surface of water (hidden ) Conscious State small part of the visible portion Unconscious State below the surface (thoughts, impulses, Passions, instincts)

ID, Ego, Super Ego

Id Congenital component of personality. Constantly striving to satisfy instincts, passions etc. Raw, crude in nature, No laws, no rules, no boundaries follows Pleasure Principle Responsible for reflex action and primary processes.

Ego Component dealing realities of life Follow Reality Principle

Super Ego -Component having conscience -Moralistic, ethical

Personality-iceberg
In a normal person, three components work as a team, frame a personality, determine behaviors, attitudes etc
Super Ego

Ego

Id

Shortcomings Of Psychoanalytic Theory :Approach is not based on empirically verifiable facts. In this theory there is no room for concepts such as free will,choice,personal responsibility,volition and self determination. This theory of personality is based almost entirely upon the observations of emotionally disturbed individuals.

Rogers Self Theory

This approach emphasizes the self and its characteristics. Behavior is utterly dependent on how one perceives the world. The core of human nature is essentially purposive, forward moving, constructive, realistic and quite trustworthy.

Maslows Self Actualisation

Humanist psychology of Maslow postulates man as a self actualizer. Existential philosophy is concerned with man as an individual and each person alone is responsible for his own existence.

Inherent drive of man to become something different is called as self actualisation.

Emotionally Stable

Sociable

Agreeable

Open