&JabmfokH;usdyf twKywd

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;
jrefrmjynfopf\ Adokumjzpfaom AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;\ Zmwm
wGif yg&Sdonfh trnfrSm armifxdefvif; jzpfonf/ rdbrsm;u tudk
jzpfol atmifoef;emrnfESifhvdkuf&ef atmifqef;[k ac:cJhonf/ wdkYArm
tpnf;tkH; 0ifa&mufaomtcg ocifatmifqef; jzpfvmcJhonf/
ocifatmifqef;\ *syeftrnfrSm tdkrdk'grGef*sd jzpfonf/ xdkif;EdkifiH
AefaumufNrdKUwGif &JabmfokH;usdyf0ifrsm; AdkvftrnfcH,l&mwGif AdkvfawZ
jzpfvmcJhonf/ wdkif;jynfESifhvlrsdK; vGwfvyfa&;twGuf EdkifiHa&;
aqmif&Guf&mwGif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; trnffjzifh xif&Sm;onf/
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;udk 13 azazmf0g&D 1915 ckESpfwGif rauG;cdkif
ewfarmufNrdKU OD;zm? a':pk rdbESpfyg;wdkYrS arG;zGm;onf/ ArmvlrsdK;
Ak'bmom0ifjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;b0ESifh ynma&;&m
1922 ckESpf ewfarmufNrdKU 'DyuF&mausmif;ac: q&mawmf
OD;aombdwausmif;wGif ynmoifMum;cJo
h nf/ 1928 ckEpS w
f iG f a&eHacsmif;
NrdKU trsdK;om;txufwef;ausmif;wGif ynmqufvufoifMum;cJhonf/

 46

ausmfNidrf;

owrwef;wGif tpdk;&ynmoifqkESifh OD;a&Tckdqk &&SdcJhonf/ 1932 ckESpf

wGif 'orwef;udk ygVdESifhjrefrmpm*kPfxl;jzifh atmifjrifonf/
1932-33 ynmoifESpfwGif &efukefwuodkvfodkY wufa&muf
ynmoifMum;onf/ &efukefwuodkvf ausmif;om;b0wGif &efukef
wuodkvf taysmfwrf; ppfwyftzGJUodkY 0ifa&muf ppfynm oifMum;
cJhonf/
1935-36 ynmoifESpfwGif &efukefwuodkvf ausmif;om;rsm;
or* (w-u-o) trIaqmiftzGJU0if? jyefMum;a&;Xme wm0efcHESifh
tdk;a0r*Zif; t,f'Dwmtjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ tdk;a0r*Zif;wGif
yg&Sdaom ]]i&JacG;BuD; vGwfaeNyD}} aqmif;yg; a&;oltrnfudk xkwfazmf
rajym 1936 ckESpf rwfvwGif wuodkvfrS 3 ESpfwmrQ ,m,D
xkwfy,fjcif; cH&onf/
1936 &efukefwuodkvf 'kwd,ausmif;om;oydwfwGif acgif;aqmif
wpfO;D tjzpf yg0ifco
hJ nf/ ArmEdik if v
H ;Hk qdik &f m ausmif;om;rsm;or*toif;
(A-u-o)udk pwif xlaxmifolrsm;wGif yg0ifcJhonf/ &efukefwuodkvf
'kwd, ausmif;om;oydwf vSefNyD;aemuf &efukefwuodkvfodkY jyefvnf
wufa&mufcJhonf/
1936-37 ynmoifESpfwGif w-u-o 'kwd, Ou| ESifh
A-u-o trIaqmiftjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ yJcl;aqmif o[m,ESifh
pmzwftoif; Ou| tjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ 1937 ckESpf arvwGif
0dZmbGJU&&SdcJhonf/
1937 ZGefvwGif A-u-o rS zGJUpnf; cefYtyfonfh &efukef
wuov
kd f tufOya'jyifqifa&;aumfrwDwiG f aqmfMooltjzpf aqmif&u
G f
cJhonf/
1937-38 ynmoifESpfwGif &efukefwuodkvf Oya'ynmudk
qufvuf oifMum;cJhonf/ xkdynmoifESpfwGif w-u-o t&ef
tvkyftrIaqmif tzGJU0ifESifh A-u-o Ou| tjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/

&JabmfokH;usdyf

47

1938 ckESpf ESpfOD;wGif NAdwdoQtpdk;&u &efukefwuodkvf

tufOya' jyifqifa&;aumfrwDwiG f tzGUJ 0iftjzpf ceft
Y yfco
hJ nf/ 193839 ynmoifESpfwGif w-u-o Ou|tjzpf vnf;aumif;? A-u-o
Ou| tjzpfvnf;aumif; aqmif&GufcJhonf/
1938 Mo*kwfv ausmif;ydwf&ufwGif
&efukefwuokdvfrS
xGufcJhonf/ 3 Edk0ifbm 1938 ckESpfwGif w-u-o ESifh A-u-o
Ou| tjzpfrS EkwfxGufcJhonf/
5 ZGef 1940 jynfhESpfwGif &efukefwuodkvf tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU
yxrqkH; &efukefwuodkvfausmif;om;rsm; udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;cs,f
wifajrmufjcif; cH&onf/
trsdK;om;EdkifiHa&;aqmif&Gufcsuf
ocifatmifqef;onf &efukefwuodkvfrS xGufcJhNyD;aemuf 1938
atmufwdkbmvwGif ocifudk,fawmfrIdif; wdkYArmtpnf;tkH;odkY 0ifa&muf
cJhNyD; EdkifiHa&;aqmif&GufcJhonf/ wdkYArmtpnf;tkH; XmecsKyf tvkyf
trIaqmiftzGJUwGif 0g'jzefYcsda&; wm0ef,lcJhonf/ 26 Edk0ifbm 1938
ckESpfwGif wdkYArmtpnf;tkH; taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; jzpfvmcJhonf/
ocifatmifqef;onf wdkYArmtpnf;tkH; taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; b0
jzifh trsdK;om;EdkifiHa&;udk tqif;&Jtyifyef;cHum aqmif&GufcJhonf/
1300 jynfh ta&;awmfykHwGif tm;ay;ulnDonfhtwGuf 23
Zefe0g&D 1939 ckESpfwGif NAdwdoQtpdk;&u zrf;qD;cJhNyD; rMumrD tmrcH
jzifh jyefvTwfay;cJhonf/
1 atmufwdkbm 1939 ckESpf ArmhxGuf&yf*dkPf; zGJUpnf;&mwGif
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;tjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ 18 Edk0ifbm 1939
ckESpf ajratmufvQdKU0SuftzGJU zGJUpnf;&mwGif EdkifiHjcm;qufoG,fa&;
acgif;aqmiftjzpf wm0ef,lcJhonf/

 48

ausmfNidrf;

29 rwf 1940 jynfhESpf tdEd,EdkifiH &rf;*g; (Ramgarh) NrdKUwGif

usif;yaom tdEd,trsdK;om;uGef*&ufnDvmcHodkY wufa&mufcJhonf/
1 ZGef 1940 jynfhESpf [oFmwpD&ifpk ZvGefNrdKUwGif tpdk;&
tMunfndKysufatmif w&m;a[majymojzifh 29 ZGef 1940 jynfhESpfwGif
[oFmwpD&ifpk &mZ0wf0ef rpwmaZ;AD;,m; (Mr. Zavier) u ocif
atmifqef;udk rdvQif qkaiG 5d^- ay;rnf[k aMunmcJhonf/ xdktrdefYudk
20 Mo*kwf 1940 jynfhESpfwGif jyefvnfkyfodrf;cJhonf/
ocifatmifqef;onf NAdwdoQtpdk;&\ tzrf;rcHvdkbJ jynfyxGuf
EdkifiHjcm; tultnD&Sm&ef qkH;jzwfcJhonf/ wkwf uGefjrLepfygwDESifh
qufo,
G &f ef ocifatmifqef;onf wefveG af &Smif [laom wkwt
f rnf
cH,lvnf;aumif;? ocifvSNrdKifonf wefqlawmif[laom wkwftrnf
cH,lvnf;aumif; 8 Mo*kwf 1940 jynfhESpfwGif aemfa0ydkif [dkifvD
oabFmjzifh &efukefNrdKUrS xGufcGmcJh&m 24 Mo*kwf 1940 jynfhESpfwGif
trGdKif&Sd ulvefpkuRef; (Kulangsu Island) odkY a&muf&SdcJhonf/ ocif
atmifqef;wdo
Yk nf trdKG iNf rKd UwGif wkwu
f eG jf rLepfygwDEiS hf tquftoG,f
r&bJ aomifwifaepOf jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd &Jabmfrsm;\ BudK;yrf;csuft&
*syefESifhqufoG,frdcJhonf/
AkdvfrSL;BuD;plZluD;onf ocifatmifqef;wdkYtm; trdGKifrS *syefodkY
qufoG,fac:,lcJh&m 12 Edk0ifbm 1940 jynfhESpfwGif *syefEdkifiH a&muf
&SdcJhonf/ ocifatmifqef;onf *syefEdkifiHwGif jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;
vkyfief;pOfrsm; ndEIdif;aqmif&GufNyD;aemuf jrefrmjynfwGif;&Sd &Jabmf&Jbuf
rsm;ESifh wdkifyif&ef jrefrmEdkifiHodkY &Tef;wif;rml;oabFmjzifh jyefvmcJh
onf/ ocifatmifqef;onf 3 rwf 1941 ckESpfwGif &efukefa&mufNyD;
jynfolUta&;awmfykH
ygwD0ifrsm;ESifh
jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;vkyfief;pOf
rsm;udk wdkifyifaqG;aEG;cJhonf/
ocifatmifqef;onf 10 rwf 1941 ckESpfwGif &Tef;wif;rml;
oabFmjzifh *syefEdkifiHodkYtjyefwGif &JabmfokH;usdyf yxrtokwfjzpfonfh

ocifvaS z(Adv
k v
f ufsm) ocifA*sr;f (Adv
k v
f a&mif) ocifat;armif(Adv
k rf ;k d )
udkxGef;&Sdef (Adkvf&efEdkif) wdkYudk ac:aqmifoGm;cJh&m 27 rwf 1941 ckESpfwGif
wdkusdKNrdKUodkY a&muf&SdcJhonf/ xdkrSwpfqifh ppfynm oifMum;&ef 1941
ckESpf {NyDvwGif [dkifeefuRef;odkY oGm;a&mufcJhonf/ [dkifeefuRef;ESifh
wdkif0rfuRef;wGif ppfynmrsm; oifMum;cJhonf/ xdkYaemuf xdkif;EdkifiH
AefaumufNrdKUwGif vufrmif;aoG;azmuf opmjyKum ArmhvGwfvyfa&;
wyfrawmf (bDtikd af t) udk 27 'DZifbm 1941 ckEpS w
f iG f zGUJ pnf;wnfaxmif
cJhonf/
ArmhvGwfvyfa&; wyfawmfppfXmecsKyfESifh armfvNrdKifppfaMumif;
wG i f 'k w d , ppf a oemywd t jzpf j zif h jref r mEd k i f i H w G i f ; csD w uf u m
NAdwdoQwdkYudk wdkufcdkufcJhonf/
27 Zlvdkif 1942 ckESpfwGif bDtdkifat zsufodrf; ArmhumuG,fa&;
wyfrawmf(bD'Dat) zGJUpnf;aomtcg AdkvfrSL;BuD;tqifhjzifh bD'Dat\
ppfaoemywdtjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ 1943 ckESpf rwfvwGif AdkvfcsKyf
&mxl; wdk;jrifhay;jcif;cH&onf/
*syef t pd k ; &\ zd w f M um;csuf t & 11 rwf 1943 ck E S p f w G i f
a'gufwmbarmf? a'gufwmodrf;armif? ocifjrwdkYESifhtwl *syefEdkifiHodkY
oGm;a&mufcJhonf/ 1 Mo*kwf 1943 ckESpfwGif jrefrmEdkifiHtpdk;& zGJUpnf;
aomtcg umuG,fa&;Xme0efBuD; (ppf0efBuD;) tjzpf wm0ef,lcJhonf/
zufqpf*syefwdkYonf jrefrmjynfolwdkYtm; zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fcJhonfh
twGuf AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;OD;aqmif zufqpf*syefwdkYudk awmfvSef
&ef jyifqifcJhonf/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;onf 4 Mo*kwf rS 7 Mo*kwf
1944 ck E S p f t xd yJ c l ; Nrd K U pH j ywyf & if ; wG i f Armjynf uG e f j rLepf y gwD
ud k , f p m;vS , f ocif p d k ; ? ocif o ef ; xG e f ; ? ocif A [d e f ; wd k Y E S i f h awG Y q H k
aqG;aEG;um zufqpfwdkufzsufa&;tzGJU zGJUUpnf;&ef qHk;jzwfcJhonf/ 23
Mo*kwf 1944 ckESpfwGif zufqpf wdkufzsufa&;tzGJU zGJUpnf;a&;twGuf
tpnf;ta0;ac:,lcJhonf/ 1 rwf rS 3 rwf 1945 ckESpftxd &efukefNrdKU

 50

ausmfNidrf;

uefawmfBu;D ywfvrf; ESihf OD;xGe;f jrwfvrf;axmif&h dS Adv

k cf sKyaf tmifqef;
aetdrfwGif zufqpf*syefwdkYudk awmfvSefwdkufcdkuf&ef tpDtpOfrsm;
csrSwfcJhonf/ 27 rwf 1945 ckESpfwGif zufqpf*syefawmfvSefa&;
pwifaomtcg a&SUwef;ppfXmecsKyfwGif wm0ef,lum zufqpf *syefwdkYudk
awmfvSefwdkufcdkufcJhonf/
16 ar 1945 ckESpfwGif rdwDvmNrdKU NAdwdoQ AdkvfcsKyf
qm0DvD,Hpvif; (Sir Willian Slim)ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhonf/ 19 ar
1945 ckESpfwGif rdwDvmrS &efukefodkY av,mOfjzifh a&muf&SdcJhonf/ 12
Mo*kwf 1945 ckESpfwGif Armhwyfrawmf acgif;aqmift&m&SdMuD;rsm;
tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufco
hJ nf/ 19 Mo*kwf 1945 ckEpS w
f iG f usi;f yaom
aeol&defnDvmcHwGif
obmywdtjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/ 1945
Mo*kwfvwGif zufqpfwdkufzsufa&;tzGJUcsKyf Ou| tjzpf a&G;aumuf
wifajrmufcH&onf/
Armhwyfrawmfta&;ESifhywfouf 7 pufwifbm 1945 ckESpfwGif
uEDoabmwlnDcsufudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhonf/ ta&SUawmiftm&S
r[mrdwf ppfaoemywdcsKyf armifhbufwefu AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;tm;
ArmhwyfrawmfwGif AdkvfrSL;csKyf&mxl;jzifh 'kwd,ppfaq;a&; t&m&SdcsKyf
(Deputy Inspector-General) tjzpf cefYtyfrnf[k urf;vSrf;cJhonf/
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;onf wyfrawmfom; b0udk vdkvm;aomfvnf;
ordik ;f ay;wm0ef jzpfonfh rNy;D qk;H ao;aom jrefrmhvw
G v
f yfa&;vkyif ef;udk
qufvuf aqmif&Guf&ef 27 atmufwdkbm 1945 ckESpfwGif rsdK;cspfArmh
wyfrawmf (Patriotic Burmese Forces)\ AdkvfcsKyf&mxl;rS EkwfxGufcJhNyD;
EdkifiHa&;e,fy,fodkY jyefvnf 0ifa&mufcJhonf/
jrefrmEdkifiHbk&ifcH qma':refprpfu z-w-y-v tm; trIaqmif
aumifpD (0efBu;D tzGUJ )wGif yg0if&ef zdwaf c:cJah omfvnf; Adv
k cf sKyaf tmifqef;
OD;aqmifonfh z-w-y-v tzGJUcsKyfu rdrdwdkYawmif;qdkcsufrsm; r&
trIaqmifaumifpDodkY r0ifcJhay/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; OD;aqmifonfh
z-w-y-v tzGJUonf
jrefrmjynfolvlxk\ tiftm;jzifh jrefrmh

&JabmfokH;usdyf

51

vGwfvyfa&;wdkufyGJudk qufvufqifETJcJhonf/ 1 'DZifbm 1945 ckESpf

wGif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; ppfaoemywdtjzpf wm0ef,l jynfolU
&Jabmf wyfzGJUudk zGJUpnf;cJhonf/ 1946 Zefe0g&DvwGif usif;yaom
z-w-y-v yxrqkH; jynfvkH;uRwfnDvmcHwGif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;
onf z-q-y-v Ou| tjzpf jyefvnfa&G;aumuf wifajrmufcH&onf/
jrefrmEdkifiH bk&ifcH qma':refprpf\ tkyfcsKyfa&;umvwGif
jrefrmjynfolwdkY\ rauseyfrI ydkrdkBuD;xGm;um EdkifiHa&; rNidrfrouf
jzpfvmcJhonf/ xdktcg NAdwdoQtpdk;&u qma':refprpfudk t*Fvef
jyefac:um jrefrmEdkifiHbk&ifcHopftjzpf qm[l;bwf&efYpfudk apvTwf
cJhonf/ qm[l;bwf&efYpfonf trIaqmifaumifpDwGif yg0if&ef z-qy-vudk zdwfac:cJhonf/ 26 pufwifbm 1946 ckESpfwGif AdkvfcsKyf
atmifqef;onf trIaqmifaumifpDwGif 'kwd,Ou|tjzpf aqmif&Guf
cJhNyD; umuG,fa&;XmeESifh EdkifiHjcm;a&;Xmersm;udk wm0ef,lcJhonf/
z-q-y-v
tzGJUcsKyfonf trIaqmifaumifpDwGif yg0if
vmNyD;aemuf 8 Edk0ifbm 1946 ckESpfwGif NAdwdoQtpdk;&xH jrefrmEdkifiHudk
wpfESpftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;ay;&ef awmif;qdk cJhonf/ zqyv\
awmif;qdck suu
f kd wkjYH yefonft
h aejzifh t*Fvefeef;&if;0ef rpwmtufwvD
(Mr.Attlee) u 20 'DZifbm 1946 ckESpfwGif NAdwdoQygvDref atmuf
vTwfawmf jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJUudk t*FvefEdkifiHodkY zdwfac:
aqG;aEG;rnf[k aMunmcJhonf/
NAdwdoQtpdk;&\ zdwfMum;csuft& AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; OD;aqmif
onfh jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJUonf t*FvefEdkifiHodkY oGm;a&mufNyD;
NAdwdoQtpdk;& udk,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;um 27 Zefe0g&D
1947 ckESpfwGif atmifqef;tufwvD pmcsKyfudk csKyfqdkcJhonf/
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;onf jynfrESifh awmifwef;a'orsm; aygif;pnf;
jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&; &,lEdkif&ef 12 azazmf0g&D 1947 ckESpfwGif
wdkif;&if;om; acgif;aqmifrsm;ESifh yifvkHpmcsKyf csKyfqdkcJhonf/ 9 {NyD
1947 ckESpfwGif usif;yaom wdkif;jynfjyK vTwfawmfa&G;aumufyGJwGif

 52

ausmfNidrf;

z-q-y-v trwfavmif;tjzpf &efukefNrdKUr(vrf;rawmf) rqEe,fajrrS

0ifa&mufta&G;cH&m vTwfawmftrwftjzpf NydKifbufr&Sd a&G;aumuf
wifajrmufcH&onf/ 19 ar rS 23 ar 1947 ckESpftxdusif;yaom
zqyv yPmr jyifqifrInDvmcHodkY wufa&mufcJhonf/ 16 ZGef 1947
ckESpfwGif wdkif;jynfjyKvTwfawmfnDvmcH jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
zGJUpnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'a&;qGJ&mwGif yg0if&rnfh tajccHrlrsm;udk
wifoGif;cJhonf/
ygwDEdkifiHa&;
13 Mo*kwf 1939 ckESpfwGif wdkYArmtpnf;tkH;twGif; uGefjrLepf
tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfudk ocifatmifqef;? ocifvSaz (Adkvfvufsm)?
ocifodef;az(OD;odef;azjrifh)? ocifA[def;ESifh rpwm'wm;wdkYpwif
zGJUpnf;wnfaxmifcJhonf/ 15 Mo*kwf 1939 ckESpf ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD
udk tjrKawygwDtjzpf vQdKU0Suf zGJUpnf;cJh&m taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;
tjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/
qkwHqdyfa&;&m
22 rwf 1943 ckESpfwGif wdkusdKNrdKU *syefbk&if [Ddk[Dwdk (Hiro
Hito)\ wufae0ef;wHqdyf (wwd,qifh) ESifh pvG,fvwf Third Class
Order of Rising Sun with middle Cordon csD;jrifhjcif;cHcJh&onf/
4 pufwifbm 1944 ckESpfwGif &efukefNrdKU *syefbk&if
[Ddk[Dwdk\ rGefjrwfaom&wem (yxrqifh) Order of the Sacred Treasure (First Class) bGJUwHqdyf csD;jrifhjcif;cHcJh&onf/
27 rwf 1959 ckESpfwGif jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;BudK;yrf;rI aemufqkH;
u@ udk,fusdK;riJhbJ wdkif;jynfESifhvlrsdK; vGwfvyfa&;twGuf oufpGefY
qHzsm; BudK;yrf;aqmif&GufcJhrIaMumifh EdkifiHawmfu aus;Zl;qyfjcif;
txdrf;trSwftjzpf vGwfvyfa&;armfuGef;0if (yxrqifh) Star of the
Revolution (First Class) wHqdyf csD;jrifh*kPfjyKjcif; cHcJh&onf/

&JabmfokH;usdyf

53

b0ed*kH;
19 Zlvdkif 1947 ckESpfwGif twGif;0efrsm;kH; 0efBuD;rsm;
tpnf;ta0; usif;yaepOf *VKefOD;apm\ aemufvdkuf vlowform;
rsm;u vkyfMuHowfjzwf usqkH;onf/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;\ kyfuvmyf
udk 11 {NyD 1948 ckESpfwGif *sLAvDa[mrS tmZmenfukef;odkY ydkYaqmif
*loGif;oN*FK d[fonf/
vufrSwf