Morphological Diversity in

Philippine H yas

Joald G. Calpo
BS Biology Major in Systematics
06 August 2008
This talk will…
…discuss the variations in floral and
vegetative traits of Philippine wax
plants
…show the clustering of Hoya based on
morphological traits
…open minds on Hoya awareness and
the opportunities it caters
 Prospects of Philippine
Hoyas

• Very little study has been made on

the medicinal qualities of the genus
• New species, varieties and hybrids are
always of great interest to growers and
collectors
 Prospects of Philippine
Hoyas

•Collectors are always interested in

obtaining new species

•New species command a higher price

The Genus
Hoya
• Wax plant
• Family
Asclepiadaceae
• Pollen in gelatinous
masses
• Most are epiphytic
vines with milky sap
• Can be found at all
altitudes
 The Hoya
flower

Parts of a Hoya corona Parts of a Hoya

pollinarium
Distribution of Philippine
Hoyas
Distribution of Philippine
Hoyas
Meet our Philippine H yas
 Hoya bicolor
Kloppenburg

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya buotii
Kloppenburg

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya coriacea Blume

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
Hoya crasssicaulis Elmer ex
Kloppenburg

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya cumingiana
Decaisne

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya densifolia
Turczaninow

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya meliflua (Blanco)
Merrill

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya merrillii
Schlechter

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya mindorensis
Schlechter

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya obscura Elmer ex
Burton

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya pubicalyx Merrill

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
 Hoya siariae Kloppenburg

Photos of Hoya flowers from Dr. S.V. Siar

Photomicrographs of pollinarium and corona from Dr. R.D.
Kloppenburg
Floral Diversity in Philippine H
yas
 Corona Diversity in Hoyas

Hoya bicolor Hoya buotii Hoya coriacea Hoya cumingiana

Hoya crassicaulis Hoya densifolia Hoya meliflua Hoya merrillii

Hoya mindorensis Hoya obscura Hoya pubicalyx Hoya siariae

 Corona Diversity in Hoyas

Hoya bicolor Hoya buotii Hoya coriacea Hoya cumingiana

Hoya crassicaulis Hoya densifolia Hoya meliflua Hoya merrillii

Hoya mindorensis Hoya obscura Hoya pubicalyx Hoya siariae

 Corona Diversity in Hoyas

Hoya bicolor Hoya buotii Hoya coriacea Hoya cumingiana

Hoya crassicaulis Hoya densifolia Hoya meliflua Hoya merrillii

Hoya mindorensis Hoya obscura Hoya pubicalyx Hoya siariae

Pollinarium Diversity in Hoyas

H. bicolor H. buotii H. coriacea H. crassicaulis H. cumingiana H. densifolia

H. meliflua H. merrillii H. mindorensis H. obscura H. pubicalyx H. siariae

Pollinarium Diversity in Hoyas

H. bicolor H. buotii H. coriacea H. crassicaulis H. cumingiana H. densifolia

H. meliflua H. merrillii H. mindorensis H. obscura H. pubicalyx H. siariae

Floral Diversity in Hoyas

•Measurements of
corona, pollinarium and
retinaculum showed
wide variations
 H. bicolor

H. crassicaulis
H. densifolia

H. siariae

H. cumingiana
H. mindorensis

H. merrilllii

H. obscura

H. buotii

H. carnosa

H. meliflua

H. coriacea

H. pubicalyx

2.16 1.64 1.12 0.60 0.08

Coefficient

Genetic relationships of 13 Philippine Hoya species using UP- GMA

 Floral Diversity in Hoyas
•H. pubicalyx and H. coriacea had
the largest value for most traits

•H. obscura had the lowest values

for most traits
Vegetative Diversity in
Hoyas

• Venation pattern can either

be pinnately or palmately
netted

•Species can be delineated

through the different
characters of blade
Uses of
morphological
diversity

•Morphometrics
•Tree Reconstruction
•Historical Biogeography

Hoya phylogeny
Status in World Horticulture

• Most of the hoyas sold worldwide have

Philippine origins.
• Positive indication of the diversity,
rarity and world class beauty of
Philippine hoyas
Status in World Horticulture

HOYA SPECIES Price range ($)

H. pubicalyx 7.50-15.00
H. mindorensis 7.50-15.00
H. siariae 12.00-25.00
H. buotii 12.00-25.00
H. bicolor 12.00-25.00
H. paziae 15.00-20.00
H. imperialis 25.00-75.00
H. meliflua 9.50-12.00
 Future of Philippine Hoya

Philippines possess the richest and

most diverse range of hoya species in
the world

Philippine hoyas have created a niche

in the global hoya industry
 Diversity in Philippine
Hoyas…
... is seen both in floral and vegetative
traits
… provided clustering based on degree of
similarity
… caters several opportunities for
scientists, enthusiasts and ordinary
household
 Time to act now and
capitalize on the
popularity of Philippine
H yas!
Reference
s
RAMNEL, D. 2005. Useful Plants of the Philippines: A Scienific
Guide to Modern Botanical Medicine Volume 1. Quezon City:
C and E Publishing Inc.

SIAR, S.V. et al. 2007. “Corona and Pollinarium diversity in

Philippine Hoyas” Asia Life Sciences 16 (2), pp 195- 208.

SIAR, S.V. 2005. Philippine Hoyas. Los Baños, Laguna: PCARRD.

23 p.

WANNTROP, L. et al. 2006. “Towards a Monophyleic Hoya

(Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae): Inferences from the Chloroplast
trnL Region and the rbcL- atpB Spacer” Systematic Botany 31(3).
pp 586- 596.
Acknowledgement

Dr. Simeona V. Siar, Institute of Plant Breeding

Dr. Robert Dale Kloppenburg

Professor Annalee C. Soligam- Hadsall, Institute

of Biological Sciences

Miss Mary Ann Cajano, Botanical Herbarium,

Museum of Natural History

Miss Ercie Vicencio, Institute of Plant Breeding

Thank y u!