Chuyn 12:

ANCOL

Tc gi:
- on Thu H
- Nguyn Th Ngc Hin
- Nguyn Hong Lan
A. BT L THUYT.................................................................................................. 1
Dng 1: ng ng, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht vt l ............................... 1
Dng 2: Nhn bit, tch cht. ................................................................................ 6
Dng 3: Chui phn ng, iu ch........................................................................ 8
Dng 4: Cu hi tng hp.................................................................................... 10
B. BT TON............................................................................................................ 12
Dng 1: Phn ng oxi ha hon ton .................................................................. 12
Dng 2: Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton....................................................... 13
Dng 3: Phn ng tch nc ............................................................................... 15
Dng 4: Phn ng th vi kim loi kim ............................................................ 16
Dng 5: Cc phn ng khc ca ru n chc - Bi ton tng hp v ru . 17
Dng 6: Bi ton ru a chc............................................................................ 19
A. BT L THUYT
Dng 1: ng ng, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht vt l . Error! Bookmark
not defined.
Dng 2: Nhn bit, tch cht. ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 3: Chui phn ng, iu ch.................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 4: Cu hi tng hp.................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 1: ng ng, ng phn, danh php, tnh cht vt l
Cu 1: Cng thc tng qut ca dy ng ng ru khng no 1 ni i l
A. CnH2nO B. CnH2nOx (n4) C. CnH2nOx (n 2) D. CnH2nOx (n3)
Cu 2: T l th tch CO2 v hi nc (k hiu l x) bin i th no khi t chy
hon ton cc ru ng ng ca ru etanol
A. 0,5 x < 1
B. 1 < x 1,5
C. 0,5 x < 2
D. 1 < x < 2
Cu 3: Khi t chy cc ng ng ca mt loi ru th t l s mol T = nCO2/nH2O
tng dn khi s nguyn t C trong ru tng dn. Vy cng thc tng qut ca dy
ng ng ru, c th l:
A. CnH2nOk, n 2
B. CnH2n+2O, n 1
C. CnH2n+2Oz, 1 z n D. CnH2n-2Oz
Cu 4: t chy hon ton 2 ru X, Y ng ng k tip nhau, ngi ta thy t s
mol CO2 v H2O gim dn. Cho bit X, Y l:
(1) Ru no
(3) Ru thm
(2) Ru khng no
(4) Phenol
-1-

p n ng l:
A. Ch (3)
B. (2)(3)
C. Ch (2)
D. p n khc
Cu 5: S ng phn ru c cng thc phn t C5H12O l
A. 8 ng phn
B. 7 ng phn C. 10 ng phn D. 9 ng phn
Cu 6: ng vi CT C3H6O c bao nhiu ng phn mch h:
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
Cu 7: C bao nhiu ng phn cng CTPT C5H10O khi b oxi ha bng CuO, t0
to ra sn phm c phn ng trng gng:
A. 2
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Cu 8: S ng phn ancol ti a ng vi CTPT C3H8Ox l:
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Cu 9 : S cht hu c no ng vi cng thc phn t C2HyO l:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 10: Mt cht c CTPT C4H6O khi hidro ha c ru n butilic. S CTCT
bn c th c ca A l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
Cu 11: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt
qu: tng khi lng ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng
phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 2. B. 4. C. 1. D. 3.
Cu 12: Cc ng phn ng vi CTPT C8H10O (u l dn xut ca benzen) c
tnh cht: tch nc thu sn phm c th trng hp to polime, khng tc dng
c vi NaOH. S lng ng phn ng tha mn l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 13: C bao nhiu ancol bn ng vi cng thc C4H10Ox c th ha tan
Cu(OH)2
A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9
Cu 14: Mt cht hu c D mch h khng nhnh trong thnh phn ch c C, H,
O v trong phn t ch cha cc nhm chc c nguyn t H linh ng hc. Cho
D tc dng vi Na d th th tch H2 thu c bng th tch hi ca D cng iu
kin. Bit MD = 90. S CTCT ph hp vi D l:
A. 5 B.6 C. 7 D. 8
Cu 15: ng phn no ca C4H9OH khi tch nc s cho 2 anken l ng phn
cu to?
A. 2-metyl propan 1-ol
B. butan 2-ol
C. 2-metyl propan 2-ol.
D. butan 1-ol .
Cu 16: Tch nc hai ru lin tip ch thu c mt anken duy nht, vy A v B
l:
A. CH3OH, C2H5OH.
B.ru etylic v ruu npropylic.
C .Ru n propylic v ru butylic
D. ru tert-butylic, n-propylic
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Cu 17: Ru no sau y khi tch nc s thu c sn phm chnh l: 3 mtyl

buten -1.
A. 2 metyl butan 1-ol.
B. 3 metyl butan 2-ol.
A. 2 metyl butan 2-ol.
D. 3 metyl butan 1-ol.
Cu 18: C bao nhiu cht c cng cng thc phn t C5H10 tc dng vi nc
trong iu kin thch hp to ancol bc 3.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. khng c cht no.
Cu 19: C bao nhiu hp cht bn mch h c cng CTPT C4H8O, c phn ng
vi Na:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 2
Cu 20: Anken thch hp c th iu ch 3 - etyl pentan 3-ol bng phn ng
hirat ho l:
A. 3 - etyl pent 2-en
B. 3 - etyl pent 1-en
C. 3 - etyl pent 3-en
D. 3,3 - imetyl pent 2-en
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 21: Khi cng nc vo buten -1 ( xc tc H2SO4 long) sn phm chnh l
cht no?
A. n-butylic. B. iso butylic. C. sec butylic.
D. tert butylic.
Cu 22: C bao nhiu cht c cng cng thc phn t C6H12 tc dng vi H2O
trong iu kin thch hp ch to mt sn phm cng duy nht:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 23: Mt hn hp gm C2H5OH v ankanol X. t chy cng s mol mi ru
th lng H2O sinh ra t ru ny bng 5/3 lng H2O sinh ra t ru kia. Nu un
nn hn hp trn vi H2 SO4 m c 180 0C th ch thu c 2 olefin. Cho bit
cng thc cu to ca ankanol X:
A. CH3OH
B. CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-OH
C. CH3-(CH2)3-OH hoc CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-OH hoc CH3 -C(CH3)2-OH
D. p n khc
Cu 24: Mt hn hp gm C2H5OH v ankanol X. t chy cng s mol mi ru
th lng H2O sinh ra t ru ny bng 5/3 lng H2O sinh ra t ru kia. Nu un
nn hn hp trn vi H2SO4 m c 180 0C th ch thu c 2 olefin. C bao
nhiu cht X tha mn bi:
A. Mt cht
B. Hai cht
C. Ba cht
D. Bn cht
*Cu 25: Tn gi ca ru sau theo danh php IUPAC:
CH2

CH

CH

Cl

C 2H 5

OH

CH3

A. 4-clo 3-metyl butan 2-ol

C. 1-clo 2-metyl butan 3-ol

B. 1-metylen clorua pentan 2-ol

D. Tt c u sai

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Cu 26: Tch nc ru X thu c sn phm duy nht l 3,3- imetylpenten -1.

Tn gi ca X l
A. 3, 3-imetylpentanol - 1
B. 3, 3-imetylpentanol - 2
C. 2, 3-imetylpentanol - 2
D. A, B u ng
Cu 27: Tn IUPAC ca ru iso amylic l:
A. 3,3- imetyl propan 1-ol
B. 2 - metyl butan 4-ol
C. 3 - metyl butan 1-ol
D. 2 - metyl butan 1-ol
E. 2 -etylpropan 1-ol.
Cu 28: Theo danh php IUPAC, ru no k sau y c gi tn sai:
A. 2 metyl hexanol
B. 4,4 - dimetyl - 3 - pentanol
C. 3 - etyl - 2 - butanol
D. Khng c
Cu 29: Hy cho bit cht no sau y b oxi ho thnh anehit khi tc dng vi
CuO
A. tert butylic B. Iso butylic C. Iso propylic D. 2-metylbutanol - 2
Cu 30: Cht 3-MCPD (3-monoclopropandiol) thng ln trong nc tng v c
th gy ra bnh ung th. Cht ny c cng thc cu to l:
A. HOCH2CHClCH2OH
B. CH3CHClCH(OH)2
C. HOCH2CHOHCH2Cl
D. CH3C(OH)2CH2Cl
Cu 31: Hirat ho 2 anken thu c 2 ru. 2 anken l
A. 2-metyl propen v but 1-en
B. propen v but 2-en
C. eten v but 2-en
D. eten v but 1-en
Cu 32: Nhit si c sp xp theo th t tng dn :
A. C2H6< CH3CHO<CH3CHOH<CH3COOH
B. CH3COOH<CH3CH2OH<CH3CHO<C2H6
C. CH3CH2OH<CH3COOH<C2H6<CH3CHO
D. C2H6<C2H5OH<CH3COOH<CH3CHO.
Cu 33: Nhit si ca ru etylic(1), ru metylic(2), axeton(3), dimetyl ete (4)
c sp xp theo th t gim dn l :
A. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4)
B. (1) > (2) > (4) > (3)
C. (1) > (3) > (4) > (2)
D. (4) > (3) > (2) > (1)
*Cu 34: Sp xp linh ng ca H trong cc cht sau theo chiu tng dn
(1)CH3OH (2)H2O (3)C2H4(OH)2 (4) C6H5OH
A. (1)<(2)<(3)<(4)
B. (2)<(1)<(3)<(4)
C. (1)<(3)<(2)<(4)
D. (2)<(3)<(1)<(4)
Cu 35: Sp xp linh ng ca nguyn t H trong nhm OH theo chiu tng
dn:
CH3COOH(1), CH3CH2OH(2), C6H5OH(3), C2H4(OH)2(4), H2O(5), HCOOH(6)
A. 5<4<2<3<1<6
B. 2<5<4<3<1<6
C. 2<5<4<3<1<6
D. 5<4<2<3<6<1
Cu 36: Nhit si ca cc cht c sp xp theo th t tng dn nh sau:
A. C2H5Cl < CH3COOH < C2H5OH
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B. C2H5Cl < CH3COOCH3 < C2H5OH < CH3COOH

C. CH3OH < CH3 - CH2COOH < NH3 < HCl
D. HCOOH < CH3OH < CH3COOH < C2H5F
E. Tt c u sai.
Cu 37: Xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si ca cc cht sau:
(A) n-propanoic (B) ru etylic (C) etylen glicol (D) etyl metyl ete
A. (A)<(B)<(C)<(D)
B. (B)<(A)<(C)<(D)
C. (D)<(B)<(A)<(C)
D. (D)<(B)<(C)<(A)
Cu 38: Nhit si ca cc cht: C3H8O(1), C2H6O(2), C2H4O2(3), C3H6O(4).
sau c sp xp theo chiu gim dn l 3>4>1>2. Cng thc cu to tng ng
vi cc cht l:
A. CH3COOH, CH2CH2CH2OH, CH2=CHCH2OH, CH3OCH3
B. HCOOCH3, CH3OC2H5, C2H5CHO, C2H5OH
C. HOCH2CHO, C3H7OH, C3H5OH, C2H5OH
D. CH3COOH, CH3COCH3, C2H5OH
Cu 39: Trong dy ng ng ru n chc no, khi mch cacbon tng, ni
chung:
A. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc tng
B. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc gim
C. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc tng
D. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc gim
Cu 40: Etanol tan v hn trong nc, trong khi imetyl ete ch tan c hn
(7,4g/100g nc) cn etyl clorua v propan hu nh khng tan (0,57g v 0,01g
trong 100g nc).
Gii thch no sau y ng:
A. Etanol c M ln.
B. Etanol phn cc mnh.
C. Etanol c lin kt hiro vi nhau v vi nc.
D. Etanol c tc dng c vi H2O: C2H5OH + H2O C2H5O- + H3O+
E. Tt c u sai.
*Cu 41: Cho cc cht: iso butilic (1), sec butilic (2), tert butilic (3)
(1) Kh nng thc hin phn ng este ha vi axit khng c oxi theo th t
gim dn l: (1)>(2)>(3)
(2) Kh nng thc hin phn ng este ha vi axit hu c theo th t gim
dn l: (1)>(2)>(3)
(3) Kh nng thc hin phn ng hidrat ha theo th t tng dn l:
(1)<(2)<(3)
(4) Kh nng thc hin phn ng oxi ha hu hn theo th t tng dn l:
(1)<(2)<(3)
Chn cc nhn xt ng:
A. (1)(2)(3)(4)
B. (2)(3)

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C. (1)(4)
D. Ch (2)
Cu 42: Etanol l cht hu c nhng ha tan trong nc v hn l do c s to lin
kt hiro gia etanol vi nc v gc hirocacbon k nc C2H5- khng ln.
Vi t l s mol s mol gia etanol v nc 1 : 1, th c th c 4 cch to lin
kt gia hai cht ny trong dung dch:
a)

O H....O
C2H5

b)

O H.... O H
H

C2H 5

(I)
c)

O H.....O
H

d)

C2H 5

Kiu lin kt no bn nht?

A. a
B. b
C. c

O H....O H
C2H 5

D. d

Dng 2: Nhn bit, tch cht.

Cu 43: tch hon ton ru etylic t hn hp gm ru etylic v axit axetic ta
tin hnh nh th no sau y l ng.
A. Cho phn ng vi Na, sau chng ct.
B. Cho hn hp phn ng vi NaOH, sau un nng.
C. Cho hn hp tc dng vi Na, sau un nng, cht rn cn li cho tc
dng vi HCl.
D. Ch cn un nng hn hp, thu c cht bay hi v ru c nhit si
thp hn axit.
Cu 44: Ch dng cht no di y c th phn bit hai ru ng phn c cng
CTPT C3H8O
A. Na v CuO
B. CuO v dd AgNO3/NH3
C. Na v H2 SO4 c
D. p n khc
Cu 45: Phn bit phenol, ru benzylic, stiren bng mt ha cht duy nht:
A. Na kim loi
B. Dung dch NaOH
C. Dung dch nc Br2
D.Br2 khan/Fe, t0
Cu 46: phn bit etylic khan vi ru etylic c ln nc, ngi ta dng thuc
th l:
A. Na kim loi
B. CuSO4 khan
C. CuO
D. p n khc
Cu 47: phn bit dung dch n-C4 H9OH v dung dch phenol bng mt ha
cht duy nht ta c th dng:
(1)Na
(2) Qu tm (3) Nc brom
(4) Nc
(5) NaOH
Cc phng n ng l:
A. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
B. (1)(3)(5)
C. (3)(5)
D. (2)(3)(5)

-6-

Cu 48: Cho hn hp lng gm n-butilic v phenol. Dng iu kin th nghim

cn thit v cc ha cht sau c th tch ring tng cht:
(3) Dung dch HCl
(1) Dung dch Br2
(2) Dung dch NaOH, CO2
p n ng l:
A. (1)(2)
B. (1)(2)(3)
C. (2)
D. (1)(3)
Cu 49: Nhn bit bn cht: toluen, phenol, ru etylic, dung dch axit axetic:
A. Na kim loi, dung dch NaOH v dung dich HCl
B. Natri cacbonat, nc brom, natri kim loi
C. Qu tm, nc brom, dung dch kali cacbonat
D. Qu tm, nc brom, natri hidroxit rn
Cu 50: tch ring tng cht t hn hp benzen, anilin, phenol ta ch cn dng
cc ha cht:
A. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, kh CO2
B. Dung dch Br2, dung dch NaOH, kh CO2
C. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch NaCl, kh CO2
D. Dung dch Br2, dung dch HCl, kh CO2
*Cu 51: Phn bit cc cht sau ch dng mt thuc th duy nht
CH3CH(OH)CH3 ; CH3OH; C3H5(OH)3
A.Na B. Cu(OH) 2 /OH- C. CuO D. H2SO4 c
*Cu 52: Phn bit dung dch C2H5OH, (C2H5)2O, CH2 = CH CH2OH,
C2H4(OH)2
A. Cu(OH)2 v Br2
B. Na v Br2
C. CuO v K2MnO4
D. Tt c u sai
Cu 53: Phn bit dung dch ru elytic v dung dch fomalin, ta khng th dng:
A. Na kim loi
B. Cu(OH)2
C. AgNO3/NH3
D. Tt c cc cht u dng phn bit
c
Cu 54: C 3 dung dch NH4HCO3, NaAl2 , C6H5ONa v 2 cht lng C2H5OH,
C6H6. Ch dng cht no phn bit c tt c cc cht trn:
A. Dung dch Na2 SO4
B. Dung dch HCl
C. Dung dch NaOH
D. Dung dch BaCl2
Cu 55: C 3 cc ng 3 cht lng l: ru etylic, benzen v nc. Nu khng
dng thm thuc g c c th nhn bit c nhng cht no:
A. Khng cht no B. Tt c
C. Ch benzen
D. Ch nc
Cu 56: nhn bit cc cht etanol, propenol, etilenglicol, phenol ta dng:
A. Nc Br2 v NaOH B. NaOH v Cu(OH)2
C. Nc Br2 v Cu(OH)2 D. KMnO4 v Cu(OH)2

-7-

Cu 57: C bn ng nghim mt nhn ng ring bit cc cht lng khng mu

gm NH4HCO3, NaAlO2, C6H5Ona, C2H5OH. Ch dng mt ha cht no sau y
phn bit bn dung dch trn:
A. Dung dch NaOH
B. Dung dch HCl
C. Kh CO2
D. Dung dch BaCl2
Cu 58: Dn hn hp kh thu c sau khi un ancol etylic vi H2SO4 c qua 3
bnh ni tip: bnh 1 ng dung dch Br2/CCl4, bnh 2 ng nc brom, bnh 3
ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Thy bnh 1 mt mu, bnh 2 nht mu, bnh 3 c kt
ta trng. Cc kh c hp th bnh 1, 2, 3 ln lt l:
A. SO2, C2H4, CO2
B. C2H4, SO2, CO2
C. C2H4, CO2, SO2 D. A,
B u ng
Dng 3: Chui phn ng, iu ch.
Cu 59: 1 mol ru A 1 mol Anhit 4 mol Ag. Ru A no sau y l
ng.
(1) CH3CH2OH. (2). CH3 CH(OH)-CH2-OH
(3) CH3OH
(4). C2H4(OH)2.
A. (1, 2).
B. (3, 4).
C. (2), (3), (4).
D. (3).
Cu 60: B sung dy chuyn ho sau:
(1)
( 2)
3
C
C2H5OH
A
B
HCHO.
( t CaO )
A. (A). CH3CHO ; (B) CH3COONa, (C) C2H4
B. (A) CH3CHO ; (B) CH3COONa , (C), CH4.
C. (A). CH3CHO ; (B): HCOONa , (C) CH4.
D. (A). CH3COOH; (B).C2H3COONa; (C)CH4.
Cu 61: Cht hu c A c cng thc phn t l C4H10O, ph hp vi s sau:
H O
CuO
Br
NaOH
A
A3
Xeton cha hai nhm chc
A1
A2
OH
t
A l:
A. Ru n butylic
B. Ru iso butylic
C. Ru sec butylic
D. Ru tert butylic
*Cu 62: Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
CH4 AB C2H5OH D E CH4
Bit A, B, D, E l cc cht hu c. Cho bit A, B, D, E l cht g:
A. A l C2H2, B l C2H4, D l CH3COOH, E l CH3COONa.
B. A l HCHO, B l C6H12O6, D l C4H6, E l C4H10.
C. A l C2H2, B l C2H6, D l CH3CHO, E l CH3COONa.
D. A v B u ng
E. Tt c u sai
*Cu 63: Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
B C2H4 D E F
B, D, E, F l nhng cht g:
A. B: C2H2, D: C2H5Cl, E: C2H5OH, F: CH3COOH
o

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B. B: C2H5Cl, D: CH3CHO, E: CH3COOH, F: C2H5OH.

C. B: C4H10, D: C2H5OH, E: CH3COOH, F: CH3COOCH3
D. Tt c u ng
*Cu 64: Xt chui phn ng: X Y C2H5OH
S C ca X v Y u khng qu 2 v X, Y u l hp cht hu c cha C,
H, O.
S cp cht X, Y tha l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 2
Cu 65: Cho s : C2H5OH X C2H5OH. C bao nhiu cht X tha mn s
trn trong s cc cht: C2H5ONa, C2H4, CO2, CH3CHO, CH3COOH, C2H5Cl,
CH2COO C2H5
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
*Cu 66: Xt chui phn ng:
H SO d
H SO l
H SO d
H SO l
X1
X2
X4
X3
X5
X5 khng b oxi ha bi CuO
X1 c s C nh nht
X1, X3 l:
A. C4H10OH, C4H10OSO3H
B. C4H10OH, C4H8
D. C5H10OH, C5H10OH
C. C5H10OH, C5H10OSO3H
HCl
HCl
NaOH
Cu 67: Cho s : CHC-CH3

X1

X2
X3 . X3 l:
A. CH3CHOHCH2OH B. CH3CH2OHCH2OH
D. CH3COCH3
C. CH3CH2CHO
Cu 68: Dy gm cc cht c th iu ch trc tip c ru etylic l:
A. CH3CH2Cl, CH2COOC2H5, C2H4, C6H12O6
B. CH3CHO, CH3COOC2H5, C6H12O6, C2H6
C. CH3CHO, C2H4, C12H22O11, C2H6
D. CH3CH2Cl, CH3CHO, C12H22O11, C2H6
Cu 69: Phng php iu ch ru etylic t cht no sau y l phng php
sinh ha:
(1) Tinh bt
(3) Etylclorua
(2) Etilen
(4) Andehit axetic
p n ng l:
A. Ch (1)
B. (1)(2)
C. (1)(2)(4)
D. p n khc
Cu 70: Ru no kh b oxi ha nht:
A. Ru n-butylic
B. Ru sec-butylic
C. Ru tert-butylic
D. Ru iso-butylic
Cu 71: Phng php iu ch etanol trong phng th nghim l:
(1) Kh CH3CHO bng H2
(2) Thy phn este RCOOC2H5
2

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(3) Thy phn dn xut halogen

(4) Cho etilen hp nc
C2H5Br bng dung dch
(5) Ln men tinh bt
kim
p n ng l:
A. (1)(3)
B. (2)(3)
C. Ch (3)
D. (1)(5)
E. p n khc
Cu 72: Phng php iu ch etanol trong cng nghip l:
(4) Cho etilen hp nc
(1) Kh CH3CHO bng H2
(2) Thy phn este RCOOC2H5
(5) Ln men tinh bt
(3) Thy phn dn xut halogen
C2H5Br bng dung dch
kim
p n ng l:
A. (1)(4)
B. (4)(5)
C. (1)(4)(5)
D. Ch (4)
E. Ch (5)
Cu 73: Trong cng nghip, glixerin c iu ch t sn phm cng nghip du
kh theo s no:
. ng thc vt du, m glixerin
B. Propan propen propenyl clorua 1,3-iclopropan 2-ol glixerin
C. Propan propyl clorua propanol glixerin
D. Propen propenyl clorua 1,2,3-triclopropan glixerin
Cu 74: iu ch etilen glicol bng mt phn ng khng th dng:
A. CH2=CH2 B. OH-CH2 CHO C. (CH3COO)2C2H4 D. CH2=CH - Cl
*Cu 75: T CH4 iu ch CH3OH qua khng qu 2 phn ng c my cch:
A. Ba
B. Bn
C. Nm
D. su
*Cu 76: T C2H2 iu ch CH3CHO qua khng qu 2 phn ng c my cch:
A. Hai
B. Ba
C. Bn
D. Nm
Dng 4: Cu hi tng hp
Cu 77: Chn cu sai:
A. Ru bc 2 b oxi ha thnh xeton
B. Ru bc 1 b oxi ha thnh anehit
C. hidrat ha ru bc 1 ch to ra ti a 1 anken
D. hidrat ha ru bc 2 ch to ra 2 anken
Cu 78: un nng hn hp 3 ru phn bit vi H2SO4 1400C thi c ti da
bao nhiu ete:
A. 3
B. 6
- 10 -

C. 9
D. 5
Cu 79: Cho cc cng thc phn t sau:
II. C5H10O2
III. C2H2O4
I. C4H6O2
IV. C4H8O
V. C3H4O2
VI. C4H10O2
VIII. C6H12O4.
VII. C3H8O2
Hp cht no ch c th l ru hoc ete mch h no:
A. IV, VI, VIII
B. V, VII, VIII
C. I, II
D. VI, VII
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 80: Tng t nh H2O ru metylic cng c th cng vo anehit fomic (xc
tc axit hoc baz), sn phm thu c l:
A. CH3 - O - CH2OH
B. CH3 - CH(OH)2
D. HO - CH2 - CH2OH E. Kt qu khc
C. H CH(OH)(CH3)
Cu 81: Khi cho ru X tc dng Cu(OH)2 thy Cu(OH)2 tan ra v to thnh mt
phc cht mu xanh lam. Kt lun no sau y chnh xc nht?
A. X l mt ru a chc
B. X l C3H5(OH)3
C. C2H4(OH)2
D. C 2 nhm OH 2 C lin k
Cu 82: C 3 ru a chc:
(1) CH2OH - CHOH - CH2OH
(2) CH2OH(CHOH)2CH2OH
(3) CH3 - CHOH - CH2OH.
Cht no c th cho phn ng vi Na, HBr v Cu(OH)2
A. (1)
B. (2)
C. (3)
D. (1), (3)
E. (1), (2), (3).
Cu 83: un nh etanol cho bc hi v t mt dy Pt nung nng trong hn
hp (hi etanol + khng kh). Khi phn ng xy ra, dy Pt tip tc nng v ta
thu c sn phm hu c (A). (A) c th l:
A. CH3CHO
B. CH3COOH
C. (COOH)2
D. A v B u ng
E. A, B v C u ng.
Cu 84: Nhn xt no sau y l sai:
A. Andehit ha tan Cu(OH)2 to kt ta gch
B. CH3COOH ha tan Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh nhat
C. Ru a chc c nhm OH cnh nhau ha tan Cu(OH)2 to dung dch
mu xanh lam
D. Phenol ha tan Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh nht
Cu 85: Khi oxi ho ancol etylic ngi ta thu c hn hp A ln lt tc dng
vi kim loi Na, dung dch NaOH, Cu(OH)2/OH- v Fe2O3. S phn ng xy
ra l:
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8.
Cu 86: Cho t t Na cho n d vo mt dung dch ru etylic thu c hn hp
A. Thm vo dung dch FeCl2. Hin tng l:
A. Dung dch ng nht, Na tan, c khi
B. Dung dch khng ng nht, Na tan, c khi
C. Dung dch khng ng nht, Na tan, c kh, xut hin kt ta.
- 11 -

D. Dung dch khng ng nht, c kh.

B. BT TON
Dng 1: Phn ng oxi ha hon ton ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 2: Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton..... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 3: Phn ng tch nc ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 4: Phn ng th vi kim loi kim .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 5: Cc phn ng khc ca ru n chc - Bi ton tng hp v ru
............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 6: Bi ton ru a chc.......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dng 1: Phn ng oxi ha hon ton
Cu 87: t chy hon ton 0.5 mol ru no th cn ng 40 gam O2. Ru l:
A. C2H5OH.
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C3H5(OH)3
D. C3H7OH
Cu 88: t chy hon ton x mol mt ru cn 3x mol oxi. Ru l ru no
sau y:
A. C3H7OH B. CH3CH2OH
C. CH3OH D. C4H10OH
Cu 89:. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp hai ancol thuc dy ng ng ca
ancol etylic thu c 70,4 gam CO2 v 39,6 gam H2O. a c gi tr l:
A. 3.32 gam.
B. 33.2 gam
C. 6.64 gam
D. 66.4 gam
Cu 90: Cho 2 ru X, Y. Khi t chy mt lng bt k mi cht u thu c
CO2 v nc vi t l khi lng mCO2 : mH2O = 44: 27. Bit rng:
dd KMnO
xtH SO d ,170 C
X
Y
Z
Xc nh CTCT ca X, Y:
A. X l etylic, Y l etylen glicol
B. X l n- propylic,Y l propandiol -1,2
C. X l iso propylic v propandiol -1,2
D. C B, C u ng
Cu 91: t chy mt ru a chc ta thu c H2O v CO2 c t l mol nH2O :
nCO2 = 3:2. Vy ru l:
A. C2H6O
B. C3H8O2
C. C2H6O2
D. C4H10O2
E. Kt qu khc
Cu 92: Ba ru A, B, C u bn, khng phi l cc cht ng phn. t chy
mi cht u sinh ra CO2 v H2O theo t l mol: nCO2 : nH2O = 3 : 4.
Vy cng thc phn t ca 3 ru c th l:
A. C2H5OH, C3H7OH, C4H9OH
B. C3H8O, C4H8O, C5H8O
C. C3H8O, C3H8O2, C3H8O3
D. C3H6O, C3H6O2, C3H8O3
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 93: Etanol c dng lm nhin liu. Tnh nhit lng to ra khi t hon
ton 10g etanol tuyt i (D = 0,8g/ml). Bit rng:
C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O + 1374 kJ
A. 298,5 KJ
B. 306,6 KJ
o

- 12 -

C. 276,6 KJ
D. 402,7 KJ
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 94: t chy mt ete E n chc ta thu c kh CO2 v hi nc theo t l s
mol H2O : s mol CO2 = 5 : 4. Vy ete E l ete c to ra t:
A. Ru etylic
B. Ru metylic v ru
n-propylic
C. Ru metylic v ru iso propylic
D. C A,B,C u ng
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 95: Hn hp X gm 3 ru n chc A, B, C, trong B, C l 2 ru ng
phn. t chy hon ton 0,08 mol X thu c 3,96 gam H2O v 3,136 lt kh CO2
(ktc). S mol ru A bng 5/3 tng s mol 2 ru B + C.
Vy cng thc phn t ca cc ru l:
A. CH4O v C3H8O
B. CH4O v C3H6O
C. CH4O v C3H4O
D. C A, B, C u ng E. Kt qu khc.
Dng 2: Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton
Cu 96: Oxi ha mt ancol n chc X thu c hn hp Y gm axit, andehit,
nc v ancol cn d. Cho Y tc dng vi Na va thu c 0,4 mol H2. Cho
Y tc dng vi Na2CO3 va thu c 0,1 mol kh. % s mol ca X b oxi
ha thnh axit l:
A. 33,33%
B. 40%
C. 60%
D. 66,67%.
Cu 97: Cho m gam mt ancol no n chc X qua bnh ng CuO ( d) un nng.
Sau khi phn ng hon ton, khi lng ca cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32
gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi hir l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 0,64
B. 0,46
C. 0,32
D. 0,92
Cu 98: Oxi ha m gam mt ancol no n chc bng CuO ( d) un nng. Sau
phn ng hon ton khi lng ca cht rn trong bnh gim 0,48gam. Hn
hp hi thu c c t khi i vi heli l 9,5. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 1.8
B. 0.92
C. 1.38
D. 2.34
Cu 99: Oxi ha hon ton 18,4g ru etylic thnh anehit (h = 60%). Khi oxi ha
lng anehit ny thu c axit axetic vi h = 80%. Cho lng axit to
thnh tc dng vi etylic ban u c mt H2SO4 c thu c 16,896g cht
hu c Z. Tnh hiu sut phn ng:
A. 90%
B. 100%
C. 80%
D. 60%
Cu 100: Oxi ha m g ru elytic bng CuO thnh anehit vi hiu sut l h%.
Lc b cht rn khng tan. Lm lnh dung dch. Cht lng thu c cho tc dng
vi Na d, sinh ra 0,02 gam H2. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 0,92 g
B. 0,46g
C. 0.69g
D. 1,38g
Cu 101: Oxi ho 26,64 gam ancol n chc no bng CuO c d un nng thu
c xton Y. Lng Cu sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long,
thot ra 5,376 lt kh khng mu ha nu ngoi khng kh( sn phm kh
duy nht o iu kin tiu chun). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l:

- 13 -

A. CH3CH(OH)CH3.
B. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
C. C(CH3)3CH2OH.
D. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3.
Cu 102: Oxi ha m gam ru n chc bc 1 bng CuO, to thnh andehit B. Hn
hp kh v hi thu c sau phn ng chia thnh 3 phn bng nhau. P1 cho tc
dng Na d thuc c 5, lit H2 ktc. P2 cho tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d thu
c 64,8 gam Ag.
Tnh hiu sut phn ng oxi ha ru thnh anehit.
A. 60%
B. 37.5%
C. 80%
D. 50%
Cu 103: m gam C2H5OH i qua CuO lm lnh, phn hi i qua khi ng s cho
ngng t ht thu c hn hp lng A. Chia A thnh 2 phn:
P1: Phn ng vi Na to 3,36 lit H2
P2: Phn ng vi AgNO3/ NH3 to 43,2 g Ag.
Kt lun no sau y l ng:
A. m = 27,6
B. m = 13,8
C. H = 25%
D. H = 50%
Cu 104: Oxi ha 4,64 gam mt ancol n chc A bng CuO thy khi lng cht
rn gim i 1,12 gam v thu c hn hp gm mt anhit, ancol d, nc.
( Bit ancol A c t khi hi so vi hidro ln hn 23,1). Hiu sut ca phn
ng l:
A. 48,28%
B. 70%
C. 89,74%
D. 87,5%.
Cu 105: Hn hp X gm mt ancol n chc v mt anhit n chc. Oxi ho
X c mt axit hu c duy nht Y. Cho Y tc dng va vi 200 gam
dung dch hn hp KOH v K2CO3 cng nng mol/lt to ra 0,2 mol CO2
v dung dch ch cha mui ca axit hu c nng 28,52%. Cc phn ng
u xy ra hon ton. Hn hp X gm c:
A. CH3OH, HCHO.
B. C2H5OH v CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH2CH2OH v CH3CH2CHO
D.CH3CH2OH v CH3CH2CHO
Cu 106: Oxi ho 4g 1 ru n chc X trong iu kin thch hp thu c hn
hp sn phm c khi lng 5,6g bao gm anehit, ru d, nc. Hy chn cu
ng l:
A. X l ru metylic
B. X c th l bt c ru no
C. X l ru etylic
D. Tt c cc cu trn u sai
*Cu 107: Oxi ho 4g 1 ru n chc X trong iu kin thch hp thu c hn
hp sn phm c khi lng 5,2 g bao gm anehit, ru d, nc. Hy chn cu
sai l
A. X l ru metylic
B. X l ru etylic
C. X c th c iu ch t C6H12O6
D. X c th l mt ru
bt k
Cu 108: em oxi ha hu hn m gam metanol bng 3,584 lt O2 (ktc) c xc tc
thch hp, thu c 14,72 gam hn hp A gm fomanehit, axit fomic, metanol v
nc. trung ha lng hn hp A trn cn dng 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M.
Phn trm metanol b oxi ha to fomanehit l:
A. 40%
B. 35%
C. 30%
D. 25%
- 14 -

Cu 109: Cho hn hp metanal v hiro i qua ng ng Ni nung nng. Dn ton

b hn hp sau phn ng vo bnh nc lnh lm ngng t hon ton hi ca
cht lng v ho tan cc cht kh c th tan c, khi khi lng ca bnh ny
tng thm 8,65g. Ly dd trong bnh ny em un vi AgNO3 trong amoniac thu
c 32,4g Ag (phn ng xy ra hon ton) khi lng metanal ban u l:
A. 8,15g
B. 7,6g
C. 7,25g
D. 8,25g
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 110: Cho hn hp gm khng kh (d) v hi ca 24g metanol i qua cht
xc tc Cu nung nng, ngi ta c 40 ml fomalin 36% c khi lng ring bng
1,1 g/ml. Hiu sut ca qu trnh trn l:
A. 80,4%
B. 70,4%
C. 65,5%
D. 76,6%
E. Kt qu khc.
Dng 3: Phn ng tch nc
Cu 111: Hn hp gm cc ancol u no n chc v phn t khi u 60. Khi
tch nc 170oC vi xc tc H2SO4 c th trong sn phm c hai anken l
ng ng lin tip nhau: Vy trong hn hp u c th cha ti a bao
nhiu ancol
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 112: Ete ho hn hp 2 ru n chc ta thu c mt hn hp 3 ete, trong
c mt ete m cng thc phn t l C5H10O. Vy cng thc phn t ca hai
ru c th l:
A. CH3OH, C4H8O
B. C2H5OH, C3H6O
D. C A, B, C u ng
C. CH3OH, (CH3)CH2 = C - CH2OH
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 113: un nng 14,8 g CH3CHOHCH2CH3 vi H2SO4 c 1700C. Sau khi
phn ng hon ton c hn hp kh X gm 2 olefin trong sn phm chnh
chim 80%, sn phm ph chim 20%. t chy hon ton X thu c bao nhiu
lt kh CO2 ktc:
A. 8,96
B. 4,48
C. 17,92
D. 11,2
Cu 114: Tch nc hon ton hn hp X ta thu c hn hp Y gm cc olefin.
Nu t chy hon ton X th thu c 1,76g CO2 th khi t chy hon ton Y,
tng khi lng H2O v CO2 to ra l:
A. 2,94g
B. 2,48g
C. 1,76g
D. 2,76g
E. 1,8g.
o
Cu 115: un 57,5g etanol vi H2 SO4 dd 170 C. Dn cc sn phm kh v hi
ln lt qua cc bnh cha ring r: CuSO4 khan; NaOH ; dd (d) brm trong
CCl4.
Sau th nghim khi lng bnh cui cng tng thm 21g. Hiu sut chung ca qu
trnh ehirat ho etanol l:
A. 59%
B. 55%
C. 60%
D. 70%
E. Kt qu khc.
- 15 -

Cu 116: un 1,66g hn hp hai ru vi H2SO4 thu c hai anken ng

ng k tip ca nhau. Hiu sut gi thit l 100%. Nu t hn hp anken cn
dng 2,688 lt O2 (ktc). Tm cng thc cu to 2 ru bit ete to thnh t 2 ru
l ete c mch nhnh:
A. C2H5OH, CH3CH2CH2OH
B. C2H5OH, (CH3)2CHOH
D. (CH3)2CHOH, (CH3)3COH
C. (CH3)2CHOH, CH3(CH2)3OH
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 117: Khi nung nng 1 ru n chc (X) vi H2SO4 m c thu c sn
phm (Y) c t khi hi so vi (X) l 0,7. Vy cng thc ca (X) l:
A. C2H5OH
B. C3H5OH
C. C3H7OH
D. C4H7OH E. Khng xc nh c cng thc.
Cu 118: un hn hp CH3OH, n - C3H7OH, iso - C3H7OH vi H2SO4 c th s
anken v s ete thu c l:
A. 2 anken v 6 ete
B. 3 anken v 4 ete
C. 2anken v 3ete
D.1 anken v 6 ete
Cuo 119: un nng hn hp hai ru no, n chc vi H2SO4 c nhit
140 C, thu c 21,6 gam H2O v 72 gam hn hp 3 ete. Bit 3 te c s mol bng
nhau v p. xy ra hon ton. CTCT ca hai ru.
A. C3H7OH v CH3OH.
B. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
Cu 120: Thc hin phn ng ete ha hon ton 11,8g hn hp 2 ru n chc
no mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c hn hp gm ba ete v
1,98g nc. Cng thc 2 ru l:
A. C2H5OH, C3H7OH
B. CH3OH, C2H5OH
C. C3H7OH, C4H9OH
D. C4H9OH, C5H11OH
Cu 121: Thc hin phn ng ete ha hn hp 2 ru cng dy ng ng X, Y
thu c hn hp cc ete. Ly mt trong s cc ete em t th c 1 mol ete thu
c 4 mol CO2. Hai ru c th l:
B. C2H5OH, C3H7OH
A. CH3OH, C2H5OH
C. CH3OH, C3H7OH
D. C 3 u ng
Cu 122: T mt ru no n chc A ngi ta iu ch c mt cht lng B d
bay hi v khng tc dng vi natri. Phn tch B cho thy t l v khi lng cc
nguyn t nh sau: mC : mH : mO = 12 : 2,5 : 4.
Cng thc cu to ca B:
A. C2H5 - O - C2H5
B. CH3 - O - CH2CH2CH3
C. CH3 - O - CH(CH3)2 D. B v C
E. Kt qu khc.
Dng 4: Phn ng th vi kim loi kim
Cu 123: Cho Na d vo mt dung dch cn (C2H5OH + H2O) thy khi lng H2
sinh ra bng 3% khi lng cn dng. Dung dch cn c C% l:
A. 72,57% B. 75,57% C. 68,57% D. Khng xc nh c

- 16 -

Cu 124: Hn hp 23.8 gam hai ru A, B n chc tc dng vi Na d gii

phng 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Oxi ha 23,8 gam 2 ru trn thu c mgam 2
anehit. m/2 gam anehit ny c kh nng to c ti a 75,6g Ag khi p vi
AgNO3/NH3 d. Cng thc phn t ca hai ru.
A.CH3 OH v C3H7OH.
B. C3H5OH v CH3OH
Cu 125: Cho hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc. Cho 15,2 gam hn hp X tc
dng vi Na d thu c 0,15 mol kh H2 ( ddktc). Oxi ho 30,4 gam hn
hp X thu c hn hp hai anhit, em thc hin phn ng trng gng
vi AgNO3/NH3 to ra 1,6 mol Ag. Cng thc ca 2 ancol l:
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
Cu 126: 10 lit ru etylic 460 (d = 0,8 g/ml) tc dng vi Na d th V sinh ra l:
A. 2128 lit B. 4256 lit C. 336 lit D. 168 lit
Cu 127: Cho 2,08 gam ancol A c 2 chc tc dng vi Na va thu c 2,96
gam sn phm hu c v V lt kh H2 iu kin tiu chun. Gi tr ca V
l:
A. 0,896
B. 1.12
C. 0.36
D. 0.448
Cu 128: Cho 5,8 gam ancol E tc dng vi Na c d thu c 1,12 lt kh H2
(ktc). E c th l ancol no sau y?
A. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
B. CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH.
C. C4H9CH2OH.
D. CH2=C(OH)-CH3.
Cu 129: A v B l hai ancol no n chc (MA < MB). Ly 10 gam dung dch A
trong nc c nng 64% trn vi 30 gam dung dch B nng 40% thu
c dung dch C. em dung dch C cho tc dng vi Na c d thu c
17,98 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai ancol A v B l:
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH
B. CH3OH v C3H7OH
D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH
C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH
Cu 130: Ankenol X cha 66,67 % khi lng C. Cho 18 gam X tc dng vi Na
th thu c:
A. 2,8 lit
B. 2,24 lit C. 3,48 lit D. 3,36 lit
Dng 5: Cc phn ng khc ca ru n chc - Bi ton tng hp v ru
Cu 131: Hn hp A gm ru no n chc v mt axit no n chc, chia A
thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
Phn 1: b t chy hon ton thy to ra 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc)
Phn 2: c este ho hon ton v va thu c 1 este. Khi t chy este ny
th lng nc sinh ra l:
A. 1,8g H2O
B. 3,6g H2O
C. 19,8g H2O
D. 2,2g H2O
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 132: Cho phn ng sau CH3COOH + C2H5OHCH3COOC2H5 + H2O
Bit rng hiu sut phn ng l H=70%. hiu sut phn ng l 90% th
cn c 1 mol axit phn ng vi bao nhiu mol ru
A. 2,39
B. 0,42
C. A, B u ng D. Thiu d kin

- 17 -

Cu 133: Ln men 36 g glucozo thu c hn hp X. Cho X tc dng vi Na th

thu c th tch H2 l: (H = 75%)
A. 3,56
B. 6,16
C. 4,48
D. 6,72
Cu 134: Khi lng glucoz cn iu ch 0,1 lt ru etylic (khi lng ring
0,8g/ml), vi hiu sut 80% l:
A. 190g
B. 195,6g
C. 185,6g
D. 212g
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 135: Khi cho hi etanol i qua hn hp xc tc ZnO v MgO 400 - 500oC
c butadien - 1,3. Khi lng butadien thu c t 240 lt ancol 96% c khi
lng ring 0,8g/ml, hiu sut phn ng t 90% l:
A. 102 kg
B. 95 kg
C. 96,5 kg
D. 97,3 kg
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 136: Cho 3,2 g ru A (dA/He=8) a qua HX c c hn hp A. Cho
AgNO3 d vo hn hp th c 18,5 g kt ta. Ha tan kt ta trn cn:
B. 0,4 mol NH3
A. 0,2 mol NH3
C. Khng ha tan c D. Tt c u sai
Cu 137: Dung dch ru B 94% theo khi lng. T l s mol ru : nc l 43 :
5. B l:
A. CH3OH
B. C2H5OH
C. C3H7OH
D. Tt c u sai
Cu 138: Cho hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc. Nu cho X phn ng vi Na thu
c 1,12 lit H2 (00 C, 4atm). Cho X qua H2SO4 c thu c hn hp X gm cc
ete. Oxi ha hon ton X thu c 2,24 lit CO2, 16,2 g H2O. 2 ancol l:
A. CH3OH, C3H5OH
B. C2H5OH, C2H3OH
C. CH3OH, C3H7OH
D. Khng d kin
Cu 139: 0,1 mol ru R tc dng vi natri d to ra 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc,
t chy R sinh ra CO2 v H2O theo t l mol nH2O : nCO2 = 4:3
Cng thc cu to ca ru R l:
A. CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH
B. CH3 CH(OH) - CH3
C. CH3 - CH2 (OH) - CH2(OH) D. (OH)CH2 - CH2(OH)
E. Kt qu khc
Cu 140: t chy hon ton m gam ru B ri cho cc sn phm chy vo bnh
ng Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng ln p gam v c t gam kt ta.
Bit rng p = 0,71 t v t = (m + p)/1,02 th ru B l:
A. Ru etylic
B. Propilen glycol 1,2
C. Glyxerin
D. Etilen glycol
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 141: Oxi ho ru ( ancol ) X thu c hn hp Y chia Y thnh 3 phn bng
nhau:
- Phn 1 tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 thu c 10,8 gam Ag.
- Phn 2 tc dng vi NaHCO3 d thu c 2,24 lt kh (ktc)
- Phn 3: tc dng vi Na va thu c 4,48 lt kh (iu kin tiu
chun)v dung dch Z. C cn dung dch Z thu c 24,4 gam cht khan.
Cng thc cu to ca X l:
( Cho Ag =108, Na =23, C = 12, O =16, H =1).
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A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. CH3CH2CH2OH
D.
CH3(CH2)2OH.
Cu 142: Oxi ha ancol E n chc no bng oxi c cht xc tc c hn hp X
gm axit, andehit, ancol d v H2O. Chia X thnh 3 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 un nng thu c 0,1 mol kt ta
gch.
- Phn 2: tc dng vi CaCO3 d thu c 1.12 lt kh (ktc).
- Phn 3 cho tc dng vi Na ( va ) thu c 0,2 mol kh v 25,8 gam
cht rn khan.
Cng thc ca ru E l:
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH.
Cu 143: Ly 5,3g hn hp X gm 2 ru ng ng n chc no lin tip tc
dng ht vi natri, kh H2 thot ra c dn qua ng s ng bt CuO nung nng
d phn ng c hon ton, ta thu c 0,9g H2O.
Cng thc ca 2 ru l:
B. C2H5OH v C3H8O
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH
C. C3H8O v C4H10O
D. C4H10O v C5H12O
E. C5H12O v C6H14O
Cu 144: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn
Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn
ng vi mt lng d Ag2 O (hoc AgNO3 ) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra
64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 7,8.
B. 7,4.
C. 9,2.
D. 8,8.
Dng 6: Bi ton ru a chc
Cu 145: Ru A c CTPT C3HyOz. %m O= 42,1%. A phn ng vi Cu(OH)2. CT
A l :
A. C3H5(OH)3
B. (OH)CH2CH2OH
C. CH3CH2CH2OH
D. (OH)CH2(OH)CHCH3
Cu 146: Cho glixerin tc dng vi HCl, thu c sn phm (B) cha 32,1% clo.
CTCT (B) l:
A. CH2Cl - CHOH - CH2OH
B. CH2OH - CHCl - CH2OH
C. CH2Cl - CHOH - CH2Cl
D. CH2Cl - CHCl - CH2Cl
E. A v B u ng.
Cu 147: Cho glixerin tc dng vi dd HNO3 (c) thu c hp cht (A) cha
18,5% nit. Cng thc cu to ca (A) l:
A. CH2ONO2 - CHONO2 - CH2ONO2 B. CH2ONO2 CHONO2 - CH2OH
D. CH2ONO2 - CHONO2 - CH2OH
C. CH2OH - CHONO2 - CH2OH
E. B v C.
Cu 148: 4,6g ru a chc no tc dng vi Na (d) sinh ra 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). MA
92 vC.
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Cng thc phn t (A) l:

A. Khng xc nh c v thiu d kin
B. C2H4(OH)2
C. C3H6(OH)2
D. C3H5(OH)3
E. C4H8(OH)2.
Cu 149: un glixerin vi KHSO4 sinh ra hp cht A c d A/N2 = 2. A khng tc
dng vi Na. (A) c tn gi l
A. Anehit acrylic
B. Acrolein
C. Propenal
D. Tt c u ng
E. Kt qu khc.
Cu 150: Bit rng Glixerin phn ng vi HNO3 to mt hp cht c th gy n.
iu ch c 1,135 kg thuc n cha 75% cht A trn cn (H= 60%)
A. 34,5kg glyxerin, 70,875kg HNO3
B. 57,5kg glyxerin, 118,125kg
HNO3
C. 34,5kg glyxerin, 26,625kg HNO3
D. 75,5kg glyxerin, 39,375kg
HNO3

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