BBI 2409 (Video) Presentation

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BBI 2409 (Video) Presentation

THE MAJORITY OF MALAY BREAST CANCER PATIENTS USE ALTERNATIVE MEDICATION

Derived from the original written source in Malay: By Abdul Ghani Nasir (2012) @ Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: UKM News Portal: Majoriti Pesakit Barah Payudara Melayu yang Terselamat Gunakan Perubatan Alternatif Extracted on 17th March 2013 from http://www.ukm.my/news/index.php/ms/beritapenyelidikan/1170-majority-of-malay-breast-cancer-survivors-use-complementary-andalternative-medicine-.html

Translated from Malay to English with Graphic Inferences made by Pn. Sabariah @ Sabariah Binti Shafiee Matrix No. J44884 (UPM)

This is a video presentation for BBI 2409: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES (PPG-PJJ) Sem.2 - 2012/13 This presentation is made for: Miss Azima binti Abdul Aziz

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BBI 2409 (Video) Presentation

The Majority of Malay Breast Cancer Patients Use Alternative Medication (Original report and title is written in Malay on 27th August 2012 by Abdul Ghani Nasir) Majoriti Pesakit Barah Payudara Melayu yang Terselamat Gunakan Perubatan Alternatif

UKM BANGI (2012) research study on various aspects of the use of supplements and alternative medicine (CAM - Complementary and Alternative Medicine) among breast cancer patients survivors showed that the majority of them take nutritional supplements cum prayer and consume traditional Malay medicine. Dr. Jeffrey D. White (2013) at the National Cancer Institute explained that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the term for medical products and practices that are not part of
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standard medical care. Complementary medicine refers to treatments that are used with standard treatment. Alternative medicine refers to treatments that are used instead of standard treatment. The research involving 116 Malay women patients who have survived breast cancer aged 21 to 67 years old were two years past the diagnosis stage and are now undergoing follow-up clinical treatment for breast cancer at Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (PPUKM). Additional medicine and alternative methods used by patients who have survived breast cancer is a mechanism made to strengthen identity in order to combat the disease. Among the additional medication, multivitamins are most often used, followed by spirulina, vitamin C, evening primrose oil and herbal products. The findings obtained from a research conducted by Dr Soraya Hanie Shaharudin and Dr Mohd Razif Shahril, two master graduate students and Dr. Suhaina Sulaiman, PhD, a senior lecturer and nutritionist, all from the Department of Nutrition and Food, PPUKM, Dr. Nor Aina Emran, a senior surgeon in breast and endocrine unit HKL and a Professor, Dr Sharifah Noor Syed Akmal Hussain, Department of Pathology PPUKM, a cytopathologys experts. Dr Suhaina told that the research was conducted to find out the extent of the use of additional drugs or medicines among breast cancer patients survivors in the Klang Valley as the number of patients using CAM increased. It was also to find out the difference between patients who use CAM with those who do not. It was conducted for six months from January to June 2007 as part of the Breast Cancer Research Genetics, Molecular and Proteomics in Malaysia.
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BBI 2409 (Video) Presentation

Two outpatient breast clinic referrals from hospital - Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (PPUKM) were selected for patients who qualify for the study. HKL now is a hospital under the Ministry of Health Malaysia, is considered one of the largest in Asia while PPUKM is an academic medical center is established with the merger of the Faculty of Medicine UKM and its hospital education. Dr Suhaina said they found CAM users were usually older in age, most with secondary education and consists of middle-income households. "However, studies have not found that there is a big difference between CAM users and those who do not use it. Family members are also found to play an important role as a source of information other than the doctor or health care supervisors, friends and printed materials or mass media." Reasons being given for using CAM were to help build up the inner strength of oneself, to heal the cancer and to reduce stress. Only half of the participants discussed with their doctor about the safe use of CAM. "They have started using CAM while undergoing clinical treatment. Most participants who used CAM for over a year spend between RM100 to RM149 a month on CAM treatment and products (by 32 percent of participants). "The use of CAM was found effective and beneficial to fight disease and they were satisfied with CAM therapies. Various forms of analysis revealed that the decision to use or not to use CAM did not depend on the socio-demographic background or history of clinical treatment of cancer," said Dr. Suhaina in their report entitled "Use of Medications Among Supplement and Alternative Breast Cancer Patients who Survived" published in Alternative Therapies (2011).
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In Malaysia, the frequency of CAM usage is about 60 percent among the various cancer patients. The research also found that nearly 80 percent of CAM users who take medicine always in forms of multivitamin supplements (DuPree, 2012), spirulina (Veracity, 2005) and vitamin C (Ever, 2012) while the religious worship is the most common additional remedy practiced by the participants. A qualitative research also found that many patients who have survived breast cancer used medicines orally, applied on skin and performed prayer. According to this study many patients use CAM because they are worried to undergo for the operation and also some of them have been going through ordeal in the hospital. Further influenced by friends, they are confident that alternative therapy can produce effective results. Because breast cancer is so traumatic to the patient, they tend to use CAM to gain the utmost strength in order to recover. Dr Suhaina explained that of the 125 patients participating in the research, 114 were voluntary. Most of them are married (76.3%), with secondary level (54.4%), unemployed (51.8%) and have a family income between RM1001 and RM3000 (44%). Most of them had already undergone three modalities of clinical treatments and those were surgery (97.4%), radiation therapy (89.5%) and chemotherapy (88.6%). Half of the participants are currently using hormone therapy (53.5%).

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Graph 1: CONVENTIONAL METHOD USED Hormone therapy is given to the participants according to their acceptance status of estrogen and they should take hormone therapy for a period of five years. The majority of the participants had been diagnosed with breast cancer at stage II (49.1%) with 25.4% at stage I, stage III (22.8%) and stage IV (2.6%).

Graph 2: PATIENTS STAGE

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A total of 64 percent of the participants was identified as CAM users. Of the 17 types of CAM which were listed, 12 most common medications used by the participants were nutritional supplements (86.3%). Among the most were multivitamins (53%), spirulina (32%), vitamin C (27%), evening primrose oil (18%) and herbal products (11%).

Graph 3: ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE USED Because all of the participants were Malays and Muslims, they usually pray and 27.4 percent used traditional Malay medicines. More than half of CAM users did not discuss the use of additional medication with their doctor. The research found that nearly half of CAM users started using it while undergoing further clinical treatment. A total of 36 of them had used at least one type of CAM for over 12 months. The cost most widely spent by CAM users ranged from RM100 to RM149 per month (31.5%).

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Varieties of medical dietary supplements are multivitamins, spirulina, Vitamin C, evening primrose oil, herbal products, calcium, seaweed jelly, Vitamin B complex, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Fish Oil, Vitamin D, Gingko biloba, iron mineral, Garlic , Ginseng Extract (Pharmaton), Green Tea and Aloe vera.

BLACK YEAST

OHHIRA M/FRUIT

TEGREEN & REISHIMAX

BLACK SEED

LEMON HIBISCUS TEA

ALOE VERA

SPIRULINA

FISH OIL DHA/EPA

BELALAI GAJAH

DURIAN BELANDA

APRIKOT B17

BROMILIN/NENAS

ALKALINE WATER

KIWI EXTRACT

SNE PRODUCTS

RUMPUT JARUM EMAS

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BBI 2409 (Video) Presentation

"The reason they are using CAM depending on the types of CAM used, which by main reason is to help restore inner strength (57.6%), to cure and to prevent cancer from spreading (41.1%) and to reduce stress (16.4%). Other causes identified were encouraged by family members (27.4%) and the recommendations of their doctors (15.1%).

Graph 4: PATIENTS REASONS FOR USING CAM "For consumers who used nutritional supplements as medications, the reason given is to cure cancer and help heal the internal strength of the body. Their desire to stay healthy were reflected by taking products that contained high nutritional value and proven in improving health. This is due to the fact that nutrition or diet is one of the quickest means to change ones biochemistry or molecular system (Block, 2009). "On the other hand, the use of spiritual means such as prayer and spiritual healing were also believed to help strengthen the inner strength and reduce stress," says Dr. Suhaina.

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The reason that was rarely given to the use of CAM was to reduce pain (9.6%) and helps to repair wounds (2.7%). The majority of CAM users (82.2%) claimed the effective use of additional medicines and they were satisfied with its use (85.0%), said Dr. Suhaina. Participants were asked how they knew about their CAM use or had ever used. Participants stated that they were influenced mainly by family members (50.7%) and friends (31.5%). Two of these groups are the main source of information, which shows that family members influence the participants to use CAM. Other sources are doctors or health care professionals (37.0%) and of the mass media or printed materials (13.7%).

Graph 5: HOW PATIENTS KNEW ABOUT C.A.M. Dr Suhaina concluded that the use of CAM has increased in the general population and especially among breast cancer patients who are survivors. In the American population alternative medicine usage increased substantially from 1990 to 1997 (Eisenberg et.al., 1998). "The teaching of religion and spirituality are important in cancer care, especially in dealing with this chronic disease. Because all study participants were Malays and Muslims, prayer and
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spiritual healing is commonly used as a means of CAM in addition to conventional cancer treatment. "Prayer can effect with the daily routine of a Muslim. One study found that 62 percent of cancer patients who survived had prayed for their health appeal. According to the study, the prayer was performed to request for a restoration of health against this hardship and suffered death following the disease increased. "On the contrary, the spiritual aspects play an important role in helping women deal with their notions of death amidst their health conditions," said Dr. Suhaina. A study in Iran found that spiritual healing was used almost 80% for cancer patients. This method is widely used because it does not involve much cost (Rezaei et.al., 2008). Dr Suhaina said the study found that after breast cancer prognosis, participants usually perform prayers for Repentance and Wish. "Participants also pray after prayer time, asking that God will cure them of the disease. Some of the participants also read the Quran where certain verses are believed to be beneficial in overcoming cancer." According to participants, the practice of reading the verses of the Quran are taught by their family members and friends. Confidence and belief in the greatness of God was a moving cure for them to perform Umrah and even Hajj for the other. Despite the rehabilitation effort of mixing disease with spirituality, the combined effort is still questionable. Though, a researcher Weiger WA thinks that prayer and spiritual healing has a positive impact on the emotional state of the patient and their physical symptoms.

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Dr Suhaina however said that the impact of religious beliefs and spirituality to maintain humans inner strength throughout their lives as well as to improve the quality of life, still require extensive research. What is interesting is that many of CAM users are dissatisfied with their health doctor and are truly feared by the recurrence of the disease.
cancer epidemic 1 cancer epidemic 2

recurrence desease on left breast

recurrence desease at under arm

diagnosis NCS M'sia

multiple bone metastasis is reported

Dr Suhaina explained that family member is indeed demanded to be very supportive as the surrounding community will also provide assistance to the afflicted person. Thus the influence of family is very strong in terms of gaining health to recovery. This cultural feature which is supported by a strong spirit of brotherhood in Islam is emphasized as a family. Islam also stipulates that members of the family and fellow Muslims have a

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responsibility to care for other family members in particular who are stricken, to pray for them and to help them financially. From all of the above facts and findings, we can conclude that alternative medication and medicines by far has been the concurrent pathway most sought by the breast cancer patients in Malaysia nowadays because there is no one single cure method for cancer afflicted patients. Yet, this extreme anxiety case has always been a trial and error living formula where spiritual means of worship is also found to be potentially effective for those who cannot finance the cancerous cost of conventional treatment saga. Thus, increasing the physical aspect through correct diet intake, healthy nutrition and supplements as an alternative complement to standard medication can directly affect the humans molecular structure and indirectly up heal the emotional, spiritual and intellectual state of the patients. Though its efficacy against cancer is still professionally limited and not yet conclusive, the evidence has been so tantalizing and is of a scientific paramount effect (Block, 2009). As other means to fight any diseases, laughter and positive thinking will also be helpful to cheer the looming patients to a full and complete recovery other than alternative medication. In order to end this presentation and in support to the conclusion, NCBI (2011) or National Cancer for Biotechnology Information has also made a statement that alternative medication such as CAM was commonly used by the breast cancer survivors as a coping mechanism to battle this disease.

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REFERENCES: Abdul Ghani Nasir (2012). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: UKM News Portal: Majoriti Pesakit Barah Payudara Melayu yang Terselamat Gunakan Perubatan Alternatif. Extracted on 17th March 2013 from http://www.ukm.my/news/index.php/ms/berita-penyelidikan/1170-

majority-of-malay-breast-cancer-survivors-use-complementary-and-alternative-medicine-.html Block, Keith I. (2009). Life Over Cancer: The Block Center Program for Integrative Cancer Treatment. Bantam Books: New York DuPree, Beth Baughman, (2012). Breast Cancer.Org website: July 2007: Vitamins and Herbal Supplements: Ask-the-Expert Online Conference. Extracted on 1st April 2013 from http://www.breastcancer.org/tips/nutrition/ask_expert/2007_07 Eisenberg DM, Davis RB, Ettner SL, Appel S, Wilkey S, Van Rompay M, and Kessler RC (1998). National Cancer for Biotechnology Information: Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey. Extracted on 22nd March 2013 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9820257 Ever, Ethan (2012). Natural News.com website: Treat cancer with IV vitamin C - Recent clinical success. Extracted on 1st April 2013 from

http://www.naturalnews.com/034663_IV_vitamin_c_cancer_treatment.html NCBI (2011). National Cancer for Biotechnology Information: The use of complementary and alternative medicine among Malay breast cancer survivors. Extracted on 18th March 2013 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21614944

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Rezaei M, Adib-Hajbaghery M, Seyedfatemi N, and Hoseini F (2008). National Cancer for Biotechnology Information: Prayer in Iranian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Extracted on 22nd March 2013 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18396252 Soraya Hanie Shaharudin, Suhaina Sulaiman, Nor Aina Emran, Mohd Razif Shahril and Sharifah Noor Akmal Syed Hussain, (2011). CAM Use Among Malay Breast Cancer Survivor. Alternative Therapies (Jan/Feb 2011 Issue, Vol.17, No.1, p.50). Extracted from

http://www.academia.edu/695161/The_use_of_complementary_and_alternative_medicine_amon g_Malay_breast_cancer_survivors Veracity, Dani (2005). Natural News.com website: Spirulina shown to prevent and treat cancers while boosting immune system function. Extracted on 1st April 2013 from

http://www.naturalnews.com/008421_spirulina_cancer.html White, Dr. Jeffrey D. (2013). National Cancer Institute @ National Institute of Health: Complimentary and Alternative Medicine. Extracted on 18th March 2013 from

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cam

There is no disease that Allah has created, except that He has also created its cure. (Narrated by Al -Bukhari)

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