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Online Exhibition 1
Online Exhibition Design:An Annotated BibliographyMatthew HamiltonLI804XCTheory of the Organization of InformationDr. Lynne ChaseApril 7, 2008
 
Online Exhibition 2ONLINE EXHIBITION DESIGN: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHYBearman, D. (1995). Museum strategies for success on the internet.
Spectra, 22
(4), 18-24. RetrievedApril 3, 2008, fromhttp://web.archive.org/web/20010211004518/http://www.nmsi.ac.uk/infosh/bearman.htm David Bearman is President of 
 Archives & Museum Informatics
, and has organized theannual
Museums and the Web
conference since 1997. Prior to that, Bearman served asDeputy Director of the Smithsonian Institution Office of Information ResourceManagement from 1982-86 and as Director of the National Information Systems TaskForce of the Society of American Archivists from 1980-82. This article, one of theseminal pieces on design of virtual exhibitions, expresses concerns about some of theproblems of digitization
—
hardware and software requirements, reproductions must betailored to specific audiences and purposes, and that the representation of objectscannot replace the experience of taking in the object, and the meanings conveyed, in itsphysical, contextualized environment. He describes the need for successful interactivity,discusses potential problems of access, and examines the difficulty in establishing andprotecting rights to the content. While some of his warnings have been addressed in thedevelopment of the Global Information Infrastructure since 1995, many of his points stillremain valid and worthy of consideration when beginning the design of an onlineexhibition.Carliner, S. (2001). Modeling information for three-dimensional space: Lessons learned from museumexhibit design.
Technical Communication: Journal of the Society for Technical Communication
,48(1), 66-81.By examining the design of several museum exhibits, Carliner describes eightcommunication strategies used in physical exhibition design that can be applied toonline exhibitions. Such strategies include: appealing to a variety of differentdemographic groups through targeted communications and respect for culturaldiversity, selectivity in the choice of objects used to illustrate the focus of the exhibitionrather than designing the exhibit around a collection of objects, the need to create animmersive experience for the user, and the desirability of layering content to allowvisitors to choose the amount of complexity appropriate to their experience and level of interest. Following the advice of the article, web exhibition designers can enhance thesatisfaction of those who visit their site. The author, Saul Carliner, teaches educationaltechnology at Concordia University and serves on the editorial boards of 
The Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology 
,
Information Design and Document Design Journal 
,and
Performance Improvement Quarterly 
.
 
Online Exhibition 3Kalfatovic, M. R. (2002).
Creating a winning online exhibition: A guide for libraries, archives, and museums
. Chicago: American Library Association.This volume is a well-written, comprehensive resource that details the process of creating an online exhibition from start to finish. Kalfatovic covers aesthetics, where toget ideas, technical issues, organization, staff needs, the design process, and casestudies of successful online exhibits. The author includes numerous appendicesfeaturing: a sample exhibition proposal, a sample exhibition script, example guidelinesfor reproduction, suggested database structure for online exhibitions, a timeline forcontracted exhibitions, sample Dublin Core metadata for an online exhibition, and abibliography of exhibitions
—
both gallery and virtual.
One of the book’s strengths is its
easily understood overview of some of the most technical aspects of exhibit design,including: digitization; digital file formats; markup, scripting, and programminglanguages, database design; and ensuring accessibility on the web. Martin Kalfatovic is adigital projects librarian and the
Head of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries’ New
Media Office. Previously, he was editor of the Library and Information TechnologyAssociation (LITA) Newsletter.Lester, P. (2006). Is the virtual exhibition the natural successor to the physical?
 Journal of the Society of  Archivists
, 27(1), 85.The author, Peter Lester, won the Forum for Archives and Records ManagementEducation and Research (FARMER)/Society of Archivists Dissertation Prize in 2003 for hisdissertation work that led to this article. He is currently an archivist with theNottinghamshire Archives in the U.K. In this article, Lester suggests that onlineexhibition designers for archives and libraries can learn much from museum exhibitiondesign, but expresses concern that the virtual cannot replace the physical encounter
because such displays reduce archival documents to their “content”, stripping away
meaning-laden context. He argues that the virtual will never supersede the physicalexhibition, but can effectively be a continuation of the educational, preservation, anddesign principles used for in-house exhibits. The article provides a framework fordesigners wishing to apply those principles their online exhibitions.Library of Congress. (2008). Exhibitions. Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/This web page is a list of online exhibitions produced and hosted by the Library of Congress. Some are virtual extensions of physical exhibits housed in the Library of Congress galleries, but there are al
so many “online only” exhibitions as well.
Here thestaff of the Library of Congress have
highlighted some of the LOC’s unique holdings and
made them accessible online using a combination of static web pages and animatedinteractives. One example is
Exploring the Early Americas
,(http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/earlyamericas/online/) 
which “
features selections fromthe more than 3,000 rare maps, documents, paintings, prints, and artifacts that make upthe Jay I. Kislak Collection at the Library of Congress.
” This exhibition allows for multiple
of 00

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