Professional Documents
Culture Documents
20
%
0
1998 1999 2000 2001
SEPSIS IN VLBW INFANTS…. NICHD
15
days
10
0
98 99 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
FACTORS THAT INCREASE
RISK OF INFECTION IN NICU
• Immature immune system in the newborn
• Overcrowding and understaffing
• Inadequate numbers or placement of
sinks
• Neonates may be colonized with
pathogens without overt symptoms
• Invasive procedures
THE NURSERY: LOCATION
• It should be in a low traffic area
• Access to the unit should be restricted
• No open windows to the outside
• Nursing station should be away from
patient care area
THE NURSERY: SINKS
A sink should be within 8 steps from each patient
?
PERSONNEL: OTHERS
• Foods and drinks are not allowed
• Live plants and flowers are not allowed
• Sterile solutions, flushes should not be
kept longer than 24 hours
– Label all solutions with date and time of
opening
HANDWASHING
• It the MOST important infection control
measure
• Remove all jewelry
• Roll sleeves up to elbows
• Use a wet sponge or scrub brush with an
antiseptic: Chlorhexidine Gluconate
Povidone Iodine
HAND WASHING
• P.S. Liquid soap dispensers and their
contents can become contaminated
15
10
0
98 99 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Aly et al., 2005 - Aly & Herson 2006
NASAL COLONIZATION AND CPAP
30
25
B
20
S
I
/
15
1
0
0
0
10
l
i
n
e
5
d
a
y
s
0
'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01
INFECTIONS AT GWU
U Con GWU NNN
20
15
10
0
1999 2000 2001
INFECTIONS AT GWU
20
Infection/1000 line
Aly et al., 2005 - Aly & Herson 2006
15
days
10
0
98 99 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SEPSIS IN VLBW INFANTS
Vermont-Oxford Network
40
20
%
0
1998 1999 2000 2001
SEPSIS IN VLBW INFANTS…. NICHD
30 Sepsis %
OR=6.99
0
Zantac No Zantac J Perinatal Med 2007:35:147-150
ANTIBIOTIC CHOICE
• The use of cephlosporins as the primary
choice of antibiotics are associated with
significantly increased mortality
• Mortality is explained by increased
Candida sepsis
IMMUNIZATION
• Tuberculosis
ISOLATION
TYPES OF ISOLATION EXAMPLES
Strict Varicella
Contact URI, C. Rubella, HSV,
Staph wounds
Enteric NEC, Gastroenteritis,
viral meningitis
Drainage/Secretions Non-Staph wounds
None CMV, GBS