BASIC MATHS

Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHOOOL
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
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 (A+B+C)^2 =?
• A^2+B^2+C^2+2(AB+AC+BC)

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WHAT WILL YOU GET IF
YOU DIVIDE (223^333-
123^333) BY 100.
• YOU WILL GET ZERO
• X^N-Y^N DIVIDED BY (X-Y) WILL
GIVE ZERO AS REMAINER.

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 WHAT IS A
UNIVERSAL SET?
• WHEN WE COMBILE ALL SETS, WE
GET UNIVERSAL SET.
• FOR EXAMPLE,
• IF WE PREPARE SET OF NATURAL
NUMBERS FROM 1 TO 100, OUR
UNIVERSAL SET IS NATURAL
NUMBERS’ SET.

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 WHAT IS U IN SET
THEORY?
• U is union. When we combine two
sets, it is called union of sets.
• For example:
• X = {1,2,3,4}, Y = {4,5,6,}
• XUY = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

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 What is in set theory?
• it is symbol of intersection

• For example:
• X = {1,2,3,4}, Y = {4,5,6,}
• X intersection Y = {,4,}

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 How many subsets can you
make from a set {1,2,3,4,}
• You can make 2^n subsets – so 2^4
=16
• However one of the subsets is empty
set.
• Proper subsets are = 15.

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What is cardinal number
of a set?
• Distinct number of elements in a set
is called cardinal number of a set.
• For example:
• X = {1,2,3,4}, cardinal number is 4.

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 What is finite and
infinite set?
• When numbers are specified, it is
called finite set.
• When numbers are not limited, it is
called infinite, for example, a set
containing all the integer numbers
less than 2 is called infinite set

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 What is difference of
set?
• X = {1,2,3,4}, Y = {4,5,6,}
• Now here difference X-Y is {1,2,3,} =
what X has but y does not hav.e
• Y- X = {5,6} - what Y has, but X
doesn’t have.
• Symmetric difference is sum total of
Y-X and X-Y = {1,2,3,5,6,}

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What are cumulative and
associative laws?
• AUB = BUA
• This is cumulative law.
• In associative law – we have relation
within relation:
• AU(BUC) =(AUB)UC

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 WHAT IS ADDITIVE
IDENTITY OF 235?
• Additive identity of any number is
zero.
• N+0= N
• Therefore , additive identity of any
number is 0.

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 What is multiplicative
identity of 234?
• Multiplicative identity of any number
is 1.

• N*1 = N.

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 What is trichonomy law
regarding X and Y.
• Tri means three - there are only
three possibilities –
• 1. either X is more than Y
• 2. or X is equal to Y
• 3. or X is less than y.

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 What are the general
symbols:
• N = natural number (natural numbers start
from 1)
• W = whole numbers (whole numbers start
from 0
• I = integers (negative and positive
numbers)
• Q = rational numbers (where p/q holds)
• R = real numbers
• R>Q>I>W>N.

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 What is HCF?
• HEIGHEST COMMON FACTOR is
called HCF
• For example: 12 and 15 have HCF: 3.
ans.

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 What is LCM?
• Least Common Multiple is called LCM.
• It is combined from different
factors of two or more numbers.
• What is LCM of 12 and 15:
• 12=3*2*2, 15=3*5
• So LCM = 2*2*3*5 = 60 Ans.

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If LCM of two numbers is
5964 and HCF is 213, what
are the numbers?
• Step I ; divide 5964 by 213 – if it is
divisible – there are two numbers -
otherwise none is possible. (you get 28)
• Factors of 28 are 7*2*2 =so two groups
are 7&4.
• Combine the remaining numbers in
different group – (213*4 and 213*7), –
and you get two numbers as under: 852 and
1401. ans.

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If I INCREASE PRICE OF MY ITEM BY
40% AND THEN DECREASE BY 40%,
WHAT IS THE RESULT?
• REMEMBER THE LAW : IN ALL
SUCH CASES, (40*40)/100 = 16%
NET DECREASE.

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If I INCREASE PRICE OF MY ITEM BY
20% AND THEN DECREASE BY 20%,
WHAT IS THE RESULT?
• REMEMBER THE LAW : IN ALL
SUCH CASES, (20*20)/100 = 4%
NET DECREASE.

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 Thanks
Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE
(after class 12 along with CA & CS) and 18 month
PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social
Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS /
CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available
online also. It also conducts workshops on social
entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over
India – start social entrepreneurship club in your
institution today with the help from afterschoool and
help us in developing society.

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social entrepreneurship for
better society

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