Tutorial Vray For SketchUp - Interior

Tutorial Vray for SketchUp Interior
Composed by Explainking
Bi hng dn s dng Google SketchUp 6 Pro v Vray for SketchUp (nu bn cha c 2 phn mm ny, i tm chng ngay trc khi c tip) Bi Tuts ny bao gm cc ni dung sau : 1. nh sng cho ni tht a. S dng VraySun v Sky (nh sng ban ngy) b. Khng s dng VraySun (nh sng ban m) c. Cc loi n c bit s dng cho Ni tht 2. t v hiu chnh Camera 3. To v hiu chnh Vt liu a. Vt liu ko c Texture b. Vt liu c Texture 4. 1 s hiu chnh trong Vray Options 5. Rendering v Post rendering
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Cc ch vit tt thng gp trong Tuts ny : Tuts : Tutorial bi hng dn SU : d nhin l SketchUp ri, y l ni v Google SketchUp 6 Pro Vray: Vray for SU do ASGvis mua bn quyn li t ChaosGroup (Vray Max) Mat : vt liu, trong tuts s c 2 loi SU Mat (tc vt liu SketchUp) v Vray Mat (tc vt liu Vray) Cam : Camera VCB : Vietcombank ??? Ko, l Value control box hp nhp thng s bn gc phi di mn hnh y.
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GI : Global Illumination Vic chiu sng tng th ton b 1 khung cnh Subdivs : Subdivisions chia nh ht (nh sng) QMC : Quasi-Monte Carlo Phng php tnh ton nh sng phn x trc tip tng t Photon map, dng cc ht nh sng. Irr : Irradiance map Phng php tnh nh sng phn x gin tip bng ni suy, thng dng lm Primary Engine trong tab GI ca Vray Options thay cho QMC tnh sng ln phn x u tin LC : Lightcache Phng php tnh ton nh sng phn x bng cch dng nhiu tia sng cng chiu vo 1 im cn tnh ton, thng dng lm Secondary Engine trong tab GI ca Vray Options tnh sng cc ln phn x th 2-3 PTS : Photoshop - phn mm x l nh mnh v a nng nht, l cng c c lc x l Post-rendering, 1 bc render cha t nhng k thut x l shop iu luyn c th khin tc phm p hn rt nhiu, n ni 1 ngi bn ca ti gi a rng y l phn mm Photoshop for SketchUp (nhi theo Vray for SketchUp). Ti ang s dng PTS CS3. Nhng iu cn lu : y l Tuts Vray for SketchUp part 2, v vy, iu kin u tin l bn cn nh nhng g c trong Part 1, c bit l phn l thuyt ngha cc thng s v hiu chnh, trong Tuts ny ti s t nhc ti l thuyt, ch trnh by ch yu kinh nghim v thc hnh thc t. Lu cc yu t dng hnh cho tht chun. D bn c render hay ko hoc render bng bt k phn mm no khc th bc dng hnh cng l bc u quan trng nht. Qun l bn v thnh nhng Group ln, v d nh Phn xy ( gm cc group tng, sn, trn), Furniture (cc group hoc comp. bn, gh, t k, chn da) tin qun l. Cc group v comp. cng cn nm trong cc Layer tng ng ( vd group tng phi nm trong Layer Tng, comp. ca s phi nm trong layer Ca ) tin n i bng tab Layer khi cn, trnh th hin nhiu th trn mn hnh lm vic lm nng bn v. Hnh di l mc ch ca chng ta sau khi thc hnh theo tuts ny(Raw Render), y l 1 scene trong 1 tuts ca Vray Max, 1 SU user dng li bng SU, ti s s dng scene ny thc hin cc setting trong Tuts Ni tht ny.
1. nh sng cho ni tht a. S dng Vray Sun v Sky y bn v vic cn phng ca bn c ca s v bn mun tc phm cui cng ca bn c nh nng lung linh chiu vo phng, nu phng ko c ca s hoc bn mun render cnh m, xin mi coi cc phn b,c . Trc ht bn phi chnh hng nh sng mt tri (chnh ngy v gi trong bng Shadow ca SU ) sao cho nh sng chiu vo phng l p nht (d nhin l theo cm nhn ca bn), y ti chn hng nh sng nh hnh bn di
Trong setting mc nh ca Vray4SU, trong tab Environment th c GI v BackGround c chn mc nh l dng Vray Sky, bm vo ch M ca tab GI hoc Background hin bng Texture editor, ch cc thng s c mi tn :
Bt u t tri sang : Type : loi texture s chn lm nh sng, y c chn sn l Sky, chng ta c th Multiplier di l 1 theo mc nh ca GI (Skylight) v tng Multiplier trong Background ln 2-2,5 bu tri nhn trong xanh hn.
Intensity multiplier(IM) : cng sng ca mt tri, mc nh l 1, chng ta c th tng ln nu thy nh sng mt tri qu du, ko ng mu sc nh sng thc t, chuyn tng hay gim cng sng ny cn tu thuc vo hiu chnh Physical Cam c ni phn sau, nn ko c 1 con s no c th c, tu thuc vo cm nhn ca bn, ti thng ch s dng trong khong 1-1,5. Size multiplier(SM) : kch thc mt tri, d nhn thy nht khi chng ta th hin 1 cnh bu tri, mt bin c mt tri xut hin (tng i t gp v lm = Photoshop c l hiu qu hn :D), nn trong trng hp rendering ni tht, n c ngha hiu chnh nt ca bng xung cc mt sn, tng. SM = 1, bng sc nt, ln hn 1, bng nho dn ra. Ti thng dng cc s trong khong 1-1,3
Shadow Subdivs : chia nh ca bng, con s ny cng ln bng cng mn hn v render time s lu hn, ti hay dng nhng con s 8 12 20. Tips : i khi bn thc hin c 1 option kh chun v lu li thnh file Visopt, v load n s dng cho 1 file khc, khi bn chnh hng bng theo mnh nhng render ra hng bng li khc, ng lo lng, trong bng Texture ca Sky bn trn, c ch Sun-light source, hy click b chn du tick Override Suns Parameters, sau li click chn li v nhn Apply, hng bng s theo ng bn.)
D c s dng hay ko s dng Vray Sky th ti cng khuyn bn s dng Physical Camera d dng hiu chnh cn bng nh sng. C nh sng mt tri, bn vn cn t rectangle light nhng v tr sau : V tr no m camera ko ghi li c cung cp sng cho khung cnh ca bn, hy tham kho hnh minh ho di, RecLight ca bn nn c size ln v Multiplier nh va nh sng u v p hn, nn dng nh sng mu hi vng cho ban ngy v hi xanh ban m. V tr ngay bn ngoi ca s, v hng chiu gn ng vi hng chiu ca VraySun nht nh nng vo phng nhn trong hn, p hn.
Phn mu xanh l n Rec Light Mu hng l trng nhn ca Camera
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Hiu chnh cc RecLight ny nh sau :
Do chng ta chn ngun sng chnh l Vray Sun, c bng , nn phn Shadow ca RecLight chng ta ko chn trnh bng lon x, chn Invisible Reclight ny hon ton v hnh khi render (ko thy hnh ch nht vin ca n), chn doubled-size cng sng mnh hn, chn Store with Irra Map theo kinh nghim, khi chn phn ny v tng Subdivs bn di ln cao (20-30), hnh nh p ln ng k v thi gian render cng gim ng k so vi vic chng ta tng Subdivs ca VraySun (Chn thnh cm n StonecoldK11A3 gip ti bit n Tips ny). Multiplier th tu vo yu cu sng, tu cng nh sng mt tri, camera setting, rng ca phng m bn iu chnh cho ph hp.
b. Khng s dng Vray Sky Dng cho trng hp phng ko c ca s, hoc c ca s nhng bn mun render 1 view ban m, trong trng hp ny th Rectangle Light l cng c c s dng nhiu nht do n cho nh sng u v mn. Gi nguyn nhng rec light bn to phn trn (mt n ngoi ca s, 1-2 n gc khut Camera) lm n chnh cho vic render cnh m. C 2 cch render ra cnh ban m : Cch 1 :Gi nguyn hin trng file trn, vo Shadow setting chnh thi gian vo 1 thi im tri ti (9h00 PM chng hn :D) (tt nhin bn phi vo Vray Options/ Environment lm nh ti hng dn phn trn Vray nhn ra s thay i thi gian ca scene) Render v bn s c sn phm nh hnh di
Cch 2 : Vo Vray Options/ Environment/ b chn c 2 mc GI(skylight) v Background Render v bn s c sn phm nh hnh di, bn nhn thy 2 tc phm ging ht nhau v ch khc nhau thi gian render, cch 2 lm thi gian render nhanh hn.
Tuy vy, vi cch 2, bn ch c th th hin c 1 nn tri mu en (ging trong khung ca s hnh trn), cn vi cch 1, bn c th th hin c bu tri m mu xanh tm m, hoc xanh m, hoc bu tri m c trng bng cch tng Multiplier ln cao, xem hnh di
V kt qu nh hnh di y
Lu : Nu mu sc ca bu tri ko quan trng vi bn hoc bn c th x l chuyn bng PTS th nn chn cch th 2 (b chn GI v Background) cho l, vic tch lp background c PTS x l. Vy l ta c nh sng chung cho ton b cn phng, bn cn xem li v hc thuc nhng thng s thng xuyn s dng thao tc c nhanh nhn hn. c. Cc loi n c bit trong ni tht : n chiu spotlight : Dng chiu sng vo 1 im vi 1 mc ch no nh l chiu sng 1 bc tranh, 1 im nhn trang tr trn tng, di snVi 3dsmax chng ta c th to ra rt nhiu loi n spotlight, bao gm c nhiu loi n IES vi cc thng s phc tp. SU v Vray4SU ko c, v th ngi ta nghin cu v tm ra nhiu cch khc to ra hiu qu tng t. u tin l ni v IES, to ra n IES ta lm nhng bc n gin sau : Cng vi scene m chng ta ang s dng, ti ly t trong th vin Components ci n spotlight ra b vo scene lm vic v hiu chnh n nh sau :
Chng ta v 1 mt trn phn cui ca chp n, apply vo 1 vt liu SU s dng 1 bitmap gi lp IES (map ny bn c th download trn din n Sketch Up VN trong bi Tutorials IES for SU http://www.suvn.net/forum/showthread.php?t=232 hoc t to ra theo thch ci no thy p th hy nh chia s vi mi ngi), s dng Texture/Position canh chnh v tr map cho ngay ngn. Pha trn chng ta t 1 n (Omni hay Reclight tu thch vi Omni bn nn chn phn Decay l Inverse hoc Inverse Square Multiplier l tu bn hiu chnh va - Mu sc nn chn mu vng cam nht cho ging thc), t cng su trong chp n th nh sng to ra cng t v ngc li. M bng VrayMat v to vliu VrayLink vi vliu IES m chng ta va to ra, hiu chnh nh sau :
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Click vo ch M ca mc Transparency, chn Type Bitmap v click vo ch m, browse ti ng file m chng ta dng lc ny lm map IES.
Vy l ta c n IES, t thm vi n na trong khung cnh v render ra, ta c kt qu nh th ny :
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Ta thy phn nh sng to ra t n b gy khc, ko sao, l do ci component ca ta ko c smooth y thi, bn nh v k v smooth n nh, ng v u nh ti. Cn lm 1 spotlight bnh thng th cn n gin hn, bn ch vic b ci tm hnh trn p map IES kia i, render ra v chng ta c hu qu nh sau :
n hunh quang,neon (m trn hoc ko m trn) : nh sng trong phng ch cn 1-2 ci reclight t nh phn trn , nhng cn phng vn cha p v cn thiu nhng im nhn nh sng, ngoi spotlight, ta cn cn nh sng t nhng bng n hunh quang, vic ny c th dng Reclight to ra, nhng
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chng ta ko mun dng thm Rec Light na trnh nng bn v m s dng vt liu t pht sng - Emissive layer. M bng vt liu Vray bng cch click vo cng c u tin trn Vray Tool bar, bng Vray Mat xut hin, ta to vliu Light bng cc thao tc nh sau :
V li tm trn mi c khe t n hunh quang m trn (hoc khng), bn cn v thm vi ci bng n hunh quang t bn trong n na. Li khuyn, cho thc t nht, cc bng n ny bn v bng hnh tr - ng knh 35-40mm v di ng 1,2m, 2 bng t cch nhau khong 150-200mm th nh sng to ra nhn s ging thc t hn. Ti Intensity mc 20000. Apply vt liu Light cho cc bng n ny, render ra v bn c kt qu tng t th ny (tng t thi v c th bn v trn v t n ko ging ti :D).
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nh sng t n hunh quang l tng i, nhng to ra cha mnh lm, tu yu cu m bn c th tng gim tu thch, y ti c th tng Intensity l n 30000 v render li nhng vic rt mt thi gian, c bn l cc bn hiu vn , ti s i tip n phn tip theo. Cng xin lu l phm vi to ra ca 1 vt th c apply vt liu Emissive c gii hn, nn ng bao gi ngh n vic v 1 hnh ch nht tht ln v apply 1 vt liu Emissive layer vi Intensity tht cao nh, rt kh dng Emissive layer to ngun chiu sng chnh cho scene, v khi render rt d b d. * Lm n Downlight hoc n lon, n chm cch lm ca chng ta tng t nh lm n hunh quang ti ni pha trn : chng ta cn c 1 component (hoc Group) n (t modelling hoc ly t th vin) v nh v c bng n sao cho ging thc t nht, apply cho n 1 vt liu Emissive l xong. * Lm cc loi n bc vi : n lng, n ng c Tuts trn din n SUVN chng ta trong mc Vray , xem y n bn
http://www.suvn.net/forum/showthread.php?t=622&highlight=vray
2. t v hiu chnh Camera : Trc ht ta chn gc nhn bao qut (thng l t trn cao) chn v tr thch hp v dng Cng c Position Camera t Cam.
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Sau khi t Cam, SU s chuyn ti view nhn bn t v chuyn thnh cng c Look Around, nhp gi tr vo VCB khong 1500 1650mm (bng tm mt ngi), y l con s so vi mt phng to , nu mt sn ca bn cao hn mt phng to th phi cng thm phn cao hn vo.
Cui cng khi c view ng , to 1 scene mi cho d lm vic (coi li Part 1 nu cha bit Scene l g v to scene nh th no) M VrayOptions, click vo mc Camera m rng menu ny ra.
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a.
u tin l ni v Physical Camera nh setting mc nh ca Vray thit

lp sn. Physical camera c hiu l 1 my nh vi y cc thng s k thut nh 1 my nh Canon hay Nikon thng thng, bn no rnh v nhip nh s d dng hiu ngha cc thng s ny. Ta xem hnh sau :
Chng ta ch quan tm nhng thng s nh du , cn li chng ta ko cn quan tm lm g. Shutter speed : tc mn sp ca Cam, s ny cng cao th tc sp cng cao, nh sng c t thi gian lt vo Cam nh cng ti, ngc li th nh cng sng, hiu n gin : tng nh ti hn, gim nh sng hn. Film speed (ISO) : nhy ca film (my phim) hoc ca cm bin (my s), nhy cng cao th kh nng bt sng cng mnh nh sng hn v ngc li, thng s ny hon ton ngc li vi Shutter speed, ngha l : tng nh sng hn, gim nh ti hn. Override Focal Length(OFL) : hiu nm na l khong cch tiu c ca Cam v target ca Cam, scene ca bn khi render, cha chc view trong nh render ging vi view trong khung nhn, thng s ny s gii quyt vic ny, bn mun view thy c nhiu th hn(xa hn) gim con s ny xung, hoc mun view thy c t th hn (gn li) tng con s ny ln. Zoom : thay v gim OFL qu nhiu c th dn n vic b lch gc nhn, bn c th hiu chnh Zoom, tng hnh s gn li, gim hnh xa ra. b. Khi ta b du tick pha trc ch On trong Physical Camera, ngha l chng ta ko dng Physical Cam na m chuyn sang dng Default Cam.
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Ti cha c dp s dng cc Type khc nh Sphere, Fish eyes ngoi Type Standard mc nh nn ch bn v Standard. Override FOV hiu chnh tng gim hon ton tng t Override Focal length bn Physical Cam. Vy khc g vi Phys Cam khi xi Default Cam ??? Khi dng Default Cam, nu c s dng Vray Sky lm ngun sng chnh, bn phi gim Intensity multiplier trong Environment xung vi trm ln (do Default Cam ko th hiu chnh ISO hay shutter speed nh Phys Cam, ko th hiu chnh c lng nh sng mt tri chiu vo scene, nn nu nguyn setting nh c v i t Phys Cam sang Default Cam, hnh render ca bn s gn nh l trng xo). Vy li ch g khi xi Default Cam? D nhin Physical Cam ko th no render ra 1 ci gi l Hnh chiu trc o hay Hnh chiu thng gc c (v Cam ny m phng theo thc t m), vy, khi mun render Mt ng Mt bng Mt ct thng gc, chng ta xi Default Cam. 3. To v hiu chnh vt liu : y cng l phn quan trng to ra 1 bc nh p ko ch cho ni tht m c ngoi tht, nhng vi Ni tht chng ta buc lng phi lm vt liu k cng hn ngoi tht. Phn vt liu ti chia ra lm 2 mc nh nh sau : Vt liu ko c texture : Inox, nhm, knh trong Vt liu c texture : g, gch, a. Vt liu ko c texture : Nh bit Part 1, vt liu Vray c 4 layer c bn l Emissive (pht sng ni phn trn, ko nhc li na ) Diffuse (mu bn thn) Reflection (phn x) Refraction (khc x). Rt may vi loi vt liu ko cn texture ny, ASGvis to sn cho chng ta 1 ng vt liu (nh dng l *.vismat) trong C:\Program Files\ASGvis\Materials, bn ch cn m bng vt liu Vray v import chng vo m thi (bn cng c th download trn SUVN hoc u , ASGvis chng hn).
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Mun to vt liu kim loi, bn nhn import ri browse n th mc C:\Program Files\ASGvis\Materials\Metals nh hnh trn, mi kim loi u c nhiu trng thi Blurry : m - Matte : nhm - Shiny : sng bng Vt liu Inox : bn c th load file chrome shiny v hiu chnh nh sau
Click vo ch M ca Reflection, lu ch Fresnel IOR ca Chrome_shiny l 24 nhng ti chnh li l 10, iu ny ko gim hiu qu th gic ca vt liu bao nhiu nhng li gim ng k thi gian render. Th l bn c vt liu Inox hon ton sng
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bng, gim bt sng bng, bn hy gim 2 con s 1 ch c du trn xung khong 0.93 0.99 (ko nn gim thp hn 0.9 v nh vy b mt vt liu s m i nhiu v c phn ging nhm hn l Inox). Cc vt liu kim loi hay nha bng khc (c reflection layer) cch lm tng t, v cng lun nh gim Fresnel IOR xung khong 8-12 l gim bt thi gian render. Vt liu knh : ta li import material, ln ny l trong Glass ch ko phi Metals na.
Ta load ClearGlass.
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Ta thy vt liu knh trong c c lp Reflection v Refraction, nh du chn c Affect Shadows v Affect Alpha. cc thng s Highlight Glossiness v Reflection Gloss ca Reflection, Glossiness ca Refracion u = 1. Mu Fog Color bn dng hiu chnh mu king s cho kt qu tt nht, Fog multiplier tm 0.05 0.2 , nu qu cao th mu king s rt ti. Cng cn lu l trong mc Diffuse Phn Transparency phi l mu trng, ngha l king trong sut hon ton, nu bn gim mu ca Transparency xung thnh mu en (c hon ton) th Refraction layer ko cn ngha g na.
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Vt liu knh m, hon ton tng t, nhng lc ny trong Reflection, Highligh Gloss v Reflection Gloss v Glossiness ca Refraction nh hn 1 (ngha l knh c m trong c Reflect ln Refract) v nh vy ta c vt liu knh m. 1 iu lu l knh m render lu hn knh trong, nn nu bt kh khng th hy dng, nu ko th bn c th dng PTS gi lp knh m. Ring ti, ti thch dng vt liu knh ca SU lun, lm knh trong ti apply 1 vt liu bt k vo tm knh v gim Opacity ca vt liu xung = 0 hoc 1,210. lm cc loi knh phn quang trong cc office c trong thp th ti cho Opacity khong 60-90 v dng mu xanh lc hoc vng tng t nh mu king phn quang, kt qu cng tng i kh quan v render time th c v nhanh hn nhiu. Vt liu knh trng thu (Mirror) : vi vt liu 1 tm gng soi th ta lm nh sau to 1 vt liu Vray mi
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Sau to 1 layer reflection cho vt liu Mirror, click vo ch M sau ch Reflection i bitmap reflect thnh None, ta s c vt liu gng phng phn x hon ton.
Gii thch thm t cho r ngha thay i ny : mc nh vt liu Reflection khi ta to ra u dng bitmap fresnel, y l cch tnh ton s phn x ca vt liu chnh xc nht, ngha l tu vo gc chng ta nhn vo vt liu m n c cc phn x khc nhau, gc chng ta nhn thng s thy nh phn x r nht, cng ra xa gc nhn th nh phn x s m dn. Khi lm 1 tm gng phng th phn x l ti a, d nhn
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gc nhn no v nhn vo ch no th nh phn x u nh nhau, ko c s m dn, nn ta thc hin s thay i nh trn.
b. Vt liu c texture : 3dsMax c Show map in Viewportv UVW map cn Vray4SU ca chng ta th ko c, khi p 1 vt liu Vray c texture th chng ta ko c thy n hin th trong khung nhn lm vic, ch c th thy chng khi render v cu nguyn sao cho n ra ng ca chng ta. Cch x l tt nht i vi cc vt liu c Texture l chng ta dng chnh vt liu SU to vt liu c texture theo mun sau link qua Vray (tt nhin cch ny ch p dng vi bn Vray u tin, vi bn Vray SR1 th VrayMat v Sumat l 1 nn ko cn khi nim Vraylink mat na). y ta lm th vi vt liu g p sn. Chn mt sn cn p v p vt liu g nh sau :
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Chnh li Texture Position nu cn thit, khi ng , ta to vt liu Vraylink ti Vt liu g sn ta va mi p xong.
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Ta c vt liu G sn mi (trong trng hp ca v d l Linked_Wood_Floor_Dark), v l sn g nn vt liu ny s c bng(phn x), sn si v c roan ni gia cc tm p. To 1 layer Reflection cho vt liu ny.
G sn ko phn x hon ton v nh phn x cng ko r rng nh l knh, inox nn ta hiu chnh nh sau
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i mu trng mc nh ch Reflection thnh xm nht gim bt phn x (ta ch trng khi lm vt liu king, king trng thu, inox ), vi vt liu g ti thng thanh mu on nh hnh trn, gim Highlight Glossiness v Reflection Glossiness xung trong on khong 0,75-0,85 ( cc thng s = 1 th nh phn x l r nht, cng nh th nh phn x s cng nho i, nu nh hn 0,6 th nh rt m, hu nh ko nhn thy g ging nh vt th ko c phn x. Ok, render th v ta c kt qu nh sau :
Vt liu g ny cn cn bump th hin ch ni cc tm g v b mt hi sn si ca g th mi tht. thc hin vic lm map bump chnh xc v ko cn phi can thip vo cc hiu chnh UV phc tp, ta xut texture ca vt liu g ny ra.
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Ta c 1 hnh jpg c phn gii 256x256 pixel
Dng Photoshop hay bt k chng trnh Edit nh no bn quen dng m hnh ny ln v sau vi pht edit ta c bump map ca hnh ny :D (chuyn nh sang dng Grayscale thnh mu trng en, chnh sa Level hoc Bright/Contrast to tng phn trng en ng , da vo hnh m v thm cc nt roan mu en cho vliu sn g) :
M bng VrayMat v thm Bump cho vt liu Sn g
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Dng Type l bitmap, chn hnh bump map ( y ti t tn m Wood_Floor_Dark bump)m chng ta va to lm bump, chnh Multiplier khong 0.2 1 (mt sn ko cn bump nhiu lm)
Ok, render th xem no :D (Multiplier ca bump = 0,2) Kt qu l th ny, bn c th so snh vi hnh trn (khi cha c bump) thy s khc bit.
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Sn c roan, c sn si (mc du hi tm 1 t :D ) nhng hon ton khp vi texture, chng ta (tm) thnh cng. d dng hiu chnh th mun lm Displacement bn cng lm tng t nh trn, ko cn hiu chnh UV phc tp, c load map ri chnh Multiplier. Tips Th vin vt liu ca ASGVis ( c Arch KHT upload trn din n) c sn texture (c diffuse v bump) v file .vismat, bn c th dng nhng texture ny lm vt liu Vraylink rt tt, cn nu xi file vismat c sn th bn phi can thip UV kh phc tp. Cui cng chng ta cng xong v phn vt liu, n gin m phi ko cc bn :D Phn tuts ca ti cng coi nh gn i ti on kt, bi gi ti s ni thm v cc hiu chnh trong Vray Options m gn y kh nhiu bn thc mc, hi vng c xong th cc bn s ht thc mc. 4. Mt s hiu chnh trong Vray Options : Ln lt ti s gii thiu s lc ngha 1 s thng s v nhng con s ti thng dng trong setting, nhng ci ti khng nhc ti th cc bn c mc nh, v 2 l do : 1 l n ko c nhiu ngha i vi vic render, 2 l ti ko hiu r n nn ko dm lm bn :D, chnh cc bn s l ngi nghin cu v tm ra nhiu th hay hn. Global Switches (GS)
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Bt Vray Options v m GS ln, y l nhng thng s chung iu khin Materials (vt liu-ch yu l s phn x v khc x ca vt liu) Indirect Illumination (s pht sng gin tip) Render (din ho) Lighting (nh sng) Gamma Correction (cn bng mu) Phn Materials th chng ta ch cn ch phn Override Materials, chn chc nng ny th tt c vliu trong khung cnh u s c render bng 1 mu hoc 1 vt liu do chng ta ch nh, chc nng ny rt tin khi bn mun render ton bi thnh dng m hnh (ko phi p tt c vliu cho tt c) hoc ch render test th nh sng, gim thi gian tnh ton. Phn Render, bt chc nng Low thread priority s gip h thng ko s dng quyn u tin ca CPU cho vic render, ngha l bn vn c th lm cc vic khc nh lt web, v CAD trong khi render, d nhin tc render s chm hn lc bn ko chn chc nng ny. Phn Lighting, tt Default light v Hidden light khi bn s dng Skylight trong Environment, ch bt Default light khi bn mun render Hnh chiu thng gc (Mt bng Mt ng), v mun render hnh chiu thng gc bn ko th xi Physical Camera m xi Default Camera nn phi tt VraySun trong Environment (nu ko tt VraySun th nh sng s rt chi v gt), v s dng Default light ca SU lm ngun sng chnh. System
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Region Division vi 2 con s Width v Height (u mc nh l 48), bn c nh lc render, sau khi tnh ton nh sng xong n phn Rendering Image th c 2 ci vung chy quanh hnh render ko, chnh l ci ny y, mc nh ca n l mi vung nh vy l 48 pixel, c l cng ko cn hiu chnh ci ny. Ch cn phn Order : th t render, mc nh l Triangulation, nhng ti hay chn ch Spiral (vng xon), ngha l hnh s c render xon c t trong ra ngoi, bn cng c th chn Top-Bottom (chy ngang t trn xung di) hay Left-Right )t tri qua phi. Phn Reverse order cho php o ngc trt t bn chn trong Order, ngha l nu bn chn Order l Top-bottom v chn thm Reverse Order, hnh s c render t di ln trn. Cch ny rt tt nu bn mun render bng 2 my tnh, 2 file ging nhau trong mi my, 1 my chn Reverse Order v 1 my ko chn, th l 2 my mi my s render 1 na hnh, n khi chng giao nhau th bn c th tt render i v lu c 2 hnh li vo PTS ghp li thnh 1, tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian render. Camera v Environment ni phn trn, Output th ko c j ni c, chuyn sang Image sampler no Image Sampler Hiu 1 cch n gin y l cng c kh rng ca (Antialiasing ) cho hnh nh, bn d nhn thy rng ca nht cc cnh xin, cnh cong ca 1 hnh. C 3 type l Fixed rated, Adaptive QMC v Adaptive Subdivision , trong Fixed Rated hu nh ko xi nn ti s ko cp, y ch ni Adaptive Subdivision v Adaptive QMC Adaptive Subdivision (AS): dng tt nht trong trng hp khung cnh c t cc chi tit nh v ko c cc hiu ng m (blurry nh Depth of Field-DOF, phn x v khc x sng bng) s cho kt qu render nhanh v p, v d nh Ngoi tht. Cn nu khung
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cnh nhiu chi tit nh hoc nhiu hiu ng bng, m th n s cho kt qu ko p v render lu. Adaptive QMC (AQ) : trong trng hp khung cnh nhiu chi tit nh (v d lm displacement 1 tm thm lng chng hn) v nhiu hiu ng m ( bng m chuyn ng, depth of field), kiu ny cng s dng t RAM h thng hn. Ci ny c l tt nht cho Ni tht.
Vic hiu chnh cc thng s ca Image sampler cng cao th hnh nh cng mn mng, t rng ca cng ng ngha thi gian render tng v ngc li, c thi gian cc bn hy vc thm, nhng thng s ti a ra l nhng thng s ti tham kho v s dng thng xuyn. Trc tin bt kh rng ca phn Antialiasing, chn On v kiu Catmull Rom ( nu c iu kin bn test cc kiu khc xem, cn kiu ny l ph bin nht) i vi AS : Khong Min rate v Max rate cng rng ( v d 0-3 th rng hn 0-2) v tr s cng ln th hnh cng p (v d -1 0 th ko bng 0 1), setting thng thng khong 0-2, nu thy thi gian render qu lu bn c th ch ng gim setting xung -1 1 chng hn. Threshold cng b th cng p, nhng ng gim nhiu qu, ch gim xung 1 cht th render time tng ng k ri. Ni thm : Min rate kim sot s lng mu (sample) ti thiu trn 1 pixel, 0 ngha l 1 sample 1 pixel, -1 l 1sample 2 pixel, -2 l 1sample 4 pixelMax rate kim sot s lng mu ti a trn 1 pixel, 0 ngha l 1-1, 1 ngha l 4 sample-1pixel, 2 l 8 sample 1 pixel, c th hiu, 1 hnh c 100 pixel m c ly 100 sample tnh ton th d nhin s c cht lng km hn l ly 400 sample tnh ton. i vi AQ : Tng t Min rate v Max rate ca AS c Min subdivs v Max subdivs, Min Subdivs nn nguyn mc nh l 1, cn Max subdivs nn khong 8-10 l va.
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QMC sampler QMC sampler iu khin cc thng s chung ca qu trnh tnh ton Quasi-Monte-Carlo (tnh sng trc tip), nh hng n cc tnh cht m (blurry), s phn x/khc x (reflection/refraction), cc dng chiu sng(GI), xc lp QMC sampler nh hng ln n thi gian render v cht lng hnh nh xut ra.
Trong QMC sampler tt c thng s u quan trng, trong ta thng xuyn hiu chnh Noise threshold ( Gii hn nhiu) v Adaptive amount, Noise threshold v Adaptive amount cng b v th hnh nh cng mn, p, t b d nhng thi gian render lu, v ngc li. Min samples cng ln th cng tt, nhng theo ti nn mc nh. Subdivs Multipler kim sot s lng sample ton nh render v v vy tc ng ln tt c cc tnh cht ca nh nh su ko gian (DOF), hiu ng phn x/khc x, nh sng v bng tng khu (area lights & shadows),irradiance map V vy tng Sudivs Mult cng c ngha tng cht lng nh v tng thi gian render. C th nh sau :
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Xc lp c 2 gi tr Amount = 0 Noise threshold=0.005.
X c lp c 2 gi tr Amount =1, Noise threshold=0.005 Nhn thy l hnh nh thu c ging ln trc nhng thi gian render gim i 2.5 ln
Xc lp c 2 gi tr Amount =1, Noise threshold=0.1. Gim Noise threshold cng tng tc tnh nhng lm ti i r rt cht lng hnh nh (nhiu gc v trn cc vt ni ca tng v sn, xut hin cc ht trong bng)
Color Mapping Color mapping iu khin s cn bng mu sc (sng ti, sng , ngng mu)trong hnh render, gip chng ta d dng hiu chnh s th hin mu sc ca hnh sau khi render (bng b chnh c sn ca Vray hoc dng PTS). C cc kiu tnh Color Mapping chnh nh hnh di :
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Ti ch ni v cc Type hay dng : Exponential : c c ch bo ho mu ti cc vng sng, trnh tnh trng sng chi HSV exponential : lm vic tng t nh Expo, y l cch ph bin nht. Reinhard : l s kt hp gia Linear Multiply v Expo Ngoi Reinhard, cc Type khc khi ta chn th tng ng bn di u c 2 thng s quan trng l Dark Multiplier v Bright Multiplier Dark Mult : tng cng m cho nhng mu ti Bright Mult : tng cng m cho nhng mu sng Cn c 3 nt chn bn phi, theo kin ring th chn hay ko chn cng c, ko quan trng lm, c thi gian bn hy test th cc kiu tnh Color mapping khc v chia s kinh nghim. VFB Channel Ci m ta hay dng nht cho Ni tht ko g khc ngoi Zdepth, khi chn Channel ny, nhn Add, khi render xong bn s c thm 1 file c dng TnFile.ZDepth.uiFile, l 1 hnh en trng nhiu sc gip ta lm Depth of Field bng PTS hoc DOF.Pro, lu l thi gian render cng tng cht t khi chn Channel ny.
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Indirect Illumination Phng php tnh sng ko trc tip, c th l tnh ton ln phn x u tin (Primary Engine) ca nh sng v cc ln phn x tip theo (Secondary Engine).
Nhn hnh bn c th thy Irra v LC l 1 b i hon ho, i vi nhau rt hp r, cho hnh nh p, thi gian render va phi, 2 con s multiplier bn cng c th setting theo hnh.
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Ngoi ra b Quasi-Monte Carlo v LC cng thng hay c s dng, QMC setting cao s cho ra hnh nh p hn so vi Irr v LC nhng b li thi gian render tng rt cao. Irradiance Map Chnh Irradiance map nh sau (theo ti nh gi th setting ny l Medium-High)
Cch save map v lu map Tuts Vray Part 1 c ni, ti ch nhc li. Min rate v Max rate tng t nh Image Sampler phn trn. Min rate v Max rate : Low : - 4 - 3 Medium : -3 -1; -2 0 High : -3 0 , -2 1 HSph.subdivs : khong 50-100 Samples : 20 50 Cng tng cao thi gian render s cng lu, nu c tng ch nn tng dn dn khong 5 n v. Lightcache Lightcache Medium-High
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Cch lu map v load map tng t Irr Map. Subdivs : th sng 500 - 800 Ren tht 1000 - 1200 D thi gian >1200 Sample size : hnh nhiu chi tit nh th nn gim sample size so vi mc nh v ngc li. Lu : map ca Irr map (*.vrmap) v LC (*.vrlmap) nn lu cng tn ( v d Scene 1.vrmap v Scene 1.vrlmap), v b chung trong 1 th mc trnh nhm ln, nu load nhm ng n b kia th s b li hnh render y cc bn. 5. Rendering v Post-rendering : Sau khi thit lp nh qu trnh render din ra, trn bng Vray Frame Buffer c 1 s th cn bn quan tm thm
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Nt save lu nh render Nt Track mouse while rendering : chut ti u render ti Bng Color correction dng hiu chnh mu nh sau khi render, c 3 cch hiu chnh kiu Curved, Level v Expotion, tc dng n nh th no, hy t m v n ko quan trng lm. Bt ng du nh hin Thi gian render v cc thng s khc. Nn lu nh nh dng Targa (*.tga) cho cht lng tt nht, file TGA ko c tch lp sn nn chng ta s tch lp bng PTS, cch lm rt n gin nh sau :
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Mi cc bn chim ngng kt qu m chng ta lm t u bi n gi(c thm cht t PTS) :
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Vi hnh ca scene Ni tht ny render bng cc phn mm render khc Vray Max
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Artlantis
Podium
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The End
Chn thnh cm n cc bn stonecold_k11a3, C0ld, ArchKHT v rt nhiu bi Tuts, cc tips trn din n www.SUVN.net gip ti thc hin c Tutorial ny. Cc bn c th tham kho thm phn l thuyt v ngha hiu chnh cc thng s r rng, trc quan trong Tuts ny ca C0ld : http://www.suvn.net/forum/showthread.php?t=121
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Tutorial Vray For SketchUp - Interior

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