Tooth ID Practice

This is fairy hokey mock test, but Dr.

Chi said the pictures would be
strait from the lectures.
The teeth numbers are below. If any
are wrong please let me know.

-Dan Martin
Lingual Anatomy Of The
Crown
* may possess lingual accesso
ridges near cingulum

* fewer and less common than

central incisor's

* a lingual pit is frequently pre

and often restored to arrest d
s Traits Distal #6
Canines

The labial surface is prominently

convex with a vertical labial ridge

They are the only teeth with a

labial ridge
rst
ots

* The MB and DB roots often curve distally

* The apical third of the MB root may curve distally enough to put
its apex distal to the buccal groove
 Buccal Aspect Of
Mandibular Molars

#31 #30
Taper To The Cervical And The Distal
* There is proportionally more tapering of
the crown from contact areas to the
cervical line on first molars than second
molars because of the bulge of the distal
cusp
Mandibular Central Incisor From The
Proximal Aspect

* the labial contour is so slightly

curved that it often appears flat

* the lingual contour is convex on

the cingulum, concave in the
fossa and flat towards the incisal
Arch Traits
Maxillary From Mandibular

Maxillary canine cusp

tip is labial to the long
axis of the root

This is best way to

distinguish maxillary
from mandibular
Maxillary Canine - Lingual Aspect

Cingulum and tip of the cusp are

usually centered mesiodistally

Lingual ridge more prominent than

the
mesial and distal marginal ridges

Distal marginal ridge more

prominent
s Of Second Molars
om The Lingual

Note Distal Bend

* The lingual root is as long as the lingual

root of the first molar
* The buccal roots bend towards the distal and
are more parallel
Occlusal Class Traits Of Premolars

4 5 28 29

1) tooth proportions
– * considerably wider faciolingually than
– mesiodistally
Mandibular Canine - Labial Aspect

Crown surface in incisal

third slightly flat mesial to
labial ridge

More flattened distal to

labial ridge
 Primary Maxillary
First Molar

Occlusal Anatomy
* The triangular ridge of the DB cusp becomes
the distal marginal ridge on three-cusp version
* On four-cusp type DB cusp triangular ridge
joins one of two triangular ridges from ML
cusp
* Groove pattern is “H” shaped
llary
ntral Incisor

bial Surface

Root - Shape From The Labial

* because it is short and conical,
this tooth is a poor risk to
support prosthetics
 Occlusal Aspect
Of Mandibular
Molars

Grooves: Second Molar

* Supplemental ridges are located between
supplemental and major grooves
* Serve as additional cutting blades
 Proximal Aspect
Of Mandibular
Molars

Distal Tilt
#30 Distal #31 Distal

* Due to the distal tilt of the crown and the

sloping of the occlusal surface, most of
the occlusal surface and all cusps can be
seen from the distal
Mandibular Central Incisor From The
Labial Aspect

* mamelons are usually present

on newly emerged teeth

* quickly worn off with contact

with maxillary teeth (if not,
suspect malocclusion)
Root Depressions From The Proximal

* similar to the
central, found
on the mesial
mid-root

Mesial #7
 Occlusal Aspect - Contact Areas

4 5
* mesial contacts are near the junction of the buccal and middle thirds
* distal contact is more lingual on second premolar than its mesial
* distal contact is more buccal on first premolar than its mesial
D M
Buccal Aspect Of
Mandibular Molars

Buccal groove

Grooves Of The Second Molar

* The buccal groove separates the MB
cusps from the DB cusp
* May end in the middle of the buccal
surface in a pit
Lingual Aspect

M D
2. Cusp Size and Shape:

* Mandibular 1st premolar lingual cusp

is small and pointed

* Most of the occlusal surface can be

seen from this aspect
Proximal Aspect
Of
Second Molars
Mesial Distal

* From the mesial and distal aspect, looks

much like the first molar, but no cusp of
Carabelli is present
* DL cusp is absent on more than one third of
these teeth
 Primary Mandibular
First Molar

Proximal Contours and Contacts

* Mesial marginal ridge so well developed looks
like a cusp
* It is concave and more occlusally positioned
than the distal
* Distal is short and less pronounced
* Mesial aspect is flat compared to the more
rounded distal aspect
Proximal Aspect

Mesial
4. Cervical Lines:

* Both premolars have

greater occlusal
convexity (curve) on
the mesial than the
distal Distal
 Mandibular
Third Molars

#32 Distal

Shape And Relative Size #32 Buccal

* Shortest of mandibular teeth

* Crown may resemble a first or second
molar
* Generally have bulbous crowns
Maxillary Canine
Labial Aspect

Mesial outline is broadly conve

flat in the cervical third

Distal cusp ridge is usually lon

than the mesial
al Aspect
irst Molars

Cusps
1 23
* From the mesial, the crown
appears broad faciolingually
* Two or three cusps can be seen from the
mesial (MB, ML, and Cusp of Carabelli)
* Distal cusps are shorter and generally not
seen from the mesial
Root From The Labial

* the root tapers evenly toward

the rounded apex

* the root commonly curves

distally
 Proximal
Aspect Of
Primary Incisors

Incisal Edge Location

* On maxillary central incisors incisal ridges are
labial to the root axis
Occlusal Aspect - Grooves And Fossae

o o o o

* mesial and distal pits are closer to the marginal

ridges on first premolars
* fewer supplemental
4 grooves on first 5premolars
 Lingual Aspect

4. Mesiolingual Groove:

* Frequently seen on
Mandibular 1st
premolar only
Mandibular Central Incisor From The
Lingual Aspect

* the cingulum is convex, smal

and centered

* the marginal ridges and lingu

fossa are scarcely discernible
all

* no grooves, pits or accessory

Proximal Class Traits Of Premolars

Mesi
al

Vie
1) triangular ridges w
– * buccal and lingual triangualr ridges meet
in the central groove forming the
transverse ridge
– * exception - mandibular 2nd premolar
(three cusp form)
 Lingual Aspect
Of Primary
Incisors

Cingulum
* Proportionally large on max. central incisors
placing the lingual fossa in the incisal and
middle thirds
* The lingual surface of mand. Incisors has a
cingulum and slight lingual fossa
Occlusal Aspect Of Mandibular First Premolar

2. Ridges, Fossae, Grooves:

* Due to size of cusp the

buccal triangular ridge
is long
* Joins the shorter lingual triangular
ridge
* Often may meet smoothly and form a
Occlusal Aspect Of Mandibular Second Premolar

1. Outline - Two-cusp
version:

* Crown is round or oval

shaped with a square
occlusal table
* Crown is less oval on
the
Occlusal Aspect Of Mandibular Second Premolar

2. Ridges, Fossae, Grooves - Three-cusp version:

* Possess a lingual groove

that separates the two
lingual cusps

* This groove completes

the Y-shaped occlusal
groove pattern
 Mandibular
Third Molars

Roots #32 Lingual #32 Mesial

* The two roots tend to be short and are

often fused
* If the roots are separate the root trunk
will be long
* Can possess one or more extra roots
gual Aspect
Of Maxillary Molars

Crown - Relative Size and Taper

* Due to the prominent DL cusp, crown
may be as wide or wider on the lingual
except in the cervical third
* This is not as likely on the second molar
 Mandibular Central Incisor From The
Proximal Aspect

root depressions can be

found on both the
mesial and distal
aspects in the
middle third
of the roots

#25 #25
Mandibular Canine - Incisal Aspect

The crown is twisted on the

incisal edge to the distal

The cingulum is centered

or slightly distal to the
long axis
Mandibular Lateral Incisor From The
Lingual View

* similar to the central, but not

bilaterally symmetrical

* crown is tilted distally, and ta

lingually in the middle and ce
thirds
 Mandibular Lateral Incisor From The
Proximal View
Central Lateral

* the incisal edge is on or lingual

to the long axis of the root

* from the mesial a distolingual

twist of the incisal edge places
the distal portion more lingual
 3 2 1

Buccal Aspect Of
Mandibular Molars

First Molar Cusps

* The mesiolingual cusp is the highest and
widest
* The first molar has the largest mesiodistal
dimension of any tooth
* First molars usually possess three buccal cusps
Mandibular Central Incisor From The
Proximal Aspect

* the incisal edge is on or lingual

to the long axis of the root

* mesial cervical line (CEJ)extends

2mm incisally

* distal cervical line extends .4 mm

less than the mesial
 Lingual Aspect Of
Mandibular Molars

Crown Shape From The Lingual

* Mandibular first and second molar #30
crowns taper to the lingual
* This lingual taper is more evident in first
molars
* The lingual cusps are longer and more
pointed than the buccal cusps
al Aspect

ond Molars

* The second molar is wider buccolingually

than mesiodistally and tapers to the lingual
* Much variation in second molar due to size
and location of DL cusp
 1st 2nd
Lingual Aspect
* The crown of the second molar usually
Of Maxillary
Molars
appears smaller than the first molar
* This is due mainly to the smaller or
nonexistent DL cusp
Class Traits of Canines

The incisal ridge is divided

into two inclines or slopes

The mesial cusp ridge is

shorter than the distal

They do not have mamelons

 Buccal Aspect

5. Contact Areas - Distal:

* 1st premolar distal contact

area is more OCCLUSAL
than the mesial contact area
(an exception to the rule)
Proximal Aspect

5. Root (proximal):

* Both premolars
generally consist of
one root

* The mandibular 1st

premolar occasionally
will have a furcated
 Lingual Aspect

2. Cusp Size and Shape:

Mandibluar 2nd premolar with 2 lingual

cusps:

* M.L. cusp is larger than the D.L cusp, with

ML DL
the L. groove between them and onto the
L.crown surface.

M D
 Obtuse Acute
al Aspect

t Molars

Acute
Obtuse
* The contour of first molars
is not square, but gives that
impression when compared to other teeth
* It is roughly a parallelogram, with two acute
and two obtuse angles
* The oblique ridge transverses between the
two obtuse angles
 Fossae On
Four-Cusp
Molars

1
3 2
4
* There are generally four
fossae on four-cusp molars
1) Central Fossa
2) Mesial Triangular Fossa
3) Distal Triangular Fossa
4) Distal Fossa
Maxillary Third
Molars
 Maxillary Third
Molars

* General description difficult

due to great variation
* Roots and crown shorter than first or second
molar
* Crown often possess more supplemental
grooves
* May possess three, four or five cusps
Lingual Class Traits Of
Premolars

2) root
– * lingual surface is convex and narrower
– mesiodistally than the facial aspect
 Class Traits of Canines

Occasionally more
than one root
may appear

Actual Extracted Teeth #6 and #22

 Buccal Aspect Of
Mandibular Molars

Proximal Contacts
* Same as all molars
* Mesial - junction of the occlusal and
middle thirds
* Distal - middle third of crown
 Maxillary Central Incisor
Lingual Surface
Crown - Lingual Fossa

* lingual fossa is developed to

different degrees (from shallow
to deep)

* centrals with a deep fossa and

prominent marginal ridges are
termed "shovel-shaped incisors"
 Mandibular Lateral Incisor From The
Facial View

* the mesial contact is in the

incisal third, near the incisal edge

* the distal contact is in the

incisal third, but cervical to the
level of the mesial contact
Maxillary Canine - Incisal Aspect

Facial aspect quite convex

Mesial half rounded

Distal half flat or concave

Three distinct lobes - middle is most

prominent
 Proximal Aspect
Of First Molars
Distal

* From the distal, four cusps are visible (may

also see Cusp of Carabelli)
* DB cusp may be slightly longer than the DL
cusp
Mandibular Canine - Lingual Aspect

Facial outline of root is

visible from the lingual
 Proximal Aspect
Of Mandibular Molars

Crest Of Curvature
* The height of contour on the buccal #30
surface is within the cervical third
* On molars this buccal bulge is called the
buccal cervical ridge
* It is more prominent on second molar
than first molars
 Proximal Aspect
Of Mandibular
Molars

Marginal Ridges
* The mesial marginal ridge is concave
buccolingually
* Usually longer on first molars than
second and V-shaped on the second
* May be positioned so that little of the
occlusal surface is visible from the mesial
 Occlusal Aspect Of Mandibular Molars

Lingual Inclination
* Due to lingual inclination a considerable
portion of the buccal aspect can be seen
from this view
* The molars are wider mesiodistally than
faciolingually
Occlusal Class Traits Of Premolars
4 5 28 29

4) grooves and fossae

– * central developmental groove runs
mesiodistally
– * exceptions - mandibluar 1st premolar and
– three-cusped 2nd premolar
– * fossae possess supplemental grooves to the
– buccal and lingual
 Labial Aspect D
Of Primary
Canines

Outline Shape
* Mandibular canine crowns are longer
incisocervically than wide mesiodistally
*They are 1.3 mm narrower mesiodistally than
maxillary canine crowns
Taper Narrower
To Distal

1st 2nd
Distal Distal

* On both first and second molars crown is

narrower buccolingually on the distal than
the mesial
Occlusal Class Traits Of Premolars
4 5 28 29

2) occlusal table
– * both buccal and lingual cusps have mesial
and distal cusp ridges or slopes which travel
cervically to join the marginal ridges
– * these structures form the occlusal table (or
outline)
 Occlusal Aspect Of Mandibular Molars
D M M D

Taper To The Distal And Lingual

* The widest portion of the crown of a
second molar buccolingually is opposite
the mesial cusps
* The widest portion of the crown of a first
molar buccolingually is opposite the
distobuccal cusp