TRNG I HC PHM VN NG

KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN

BO CO BI TP LN MN C S D LIU NNG CAO

BI

CU HI TRC NGHIM S 1
GV hng dn: Lng Vn Ngha Nhm thc hin(Nhm 1- Lp DCT10B): 1.V Th Thy An 2.Phm Duy Ha. 5.Phm Th Thm

Qung Ngi, ngy 25 thng 04 nm 2013

Cu hi trc nghim s 1

Phn trc nghim:

Chn p n ng nh t (nh d u vo ):
Cu 1.

C s d liu l:

A) Mt b su tp rt ln v cc loi d liu tc nghip B) Mt tp File d liu. C) Mt tp cc chng trnh ng dng v d liu D) H qun tr c s d liu
Cu 2.

M hnh kin trc 3 mc ca h CSDL gm:

A) M hnh trong, m hnh vt l B) M hnh d liu C) M hnh ngoi, khung nhn ca ngi s dng. D) Cc m hnh con d liu E) M hnh trong, M hnh d liu, M hnh ngoi.
Cu 3.

Nghin cu m hnh c s d liu da trn cc yu cu....

A)Mc tiu c lp d liu v trao i B) Phi xc nh r rng cc kha cnh logic v kha
cnh

C) Qun tr c s d liu D) Mc tiu x l tp

Cu 4.

Mt m hnh CSDL l tt nht nu:

A) Ci t trong mt m hnh d liu vi mt h qun

tr c s d liu no .

B) c tnh nhn dng hng i tng

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 1

Cu hi trc nghim s 1 C) T nh d tha D) Gii quyt mi quan h nhiu nhiu

Cu 5.

Hy chn t/cm t tng ng hon thin khng nh

sau: C s d liu quan h c th hiu l d liu c ngi s dng nhn di dng mt ....... ton hc v cc php ton thao tc d liu c xy dng trn cc cu trc quan h ton hc.

Quan h. B) Biu thc i s. C) Biu thc. D) Ph thuc.

Cu 6.

Qu trnh ti u ho cc cu hi truy vn d liu l qu

trnh:

A) Cn thit phi bin i cc cu hi hp l B) Chi ph thi gian thc hin cc php ton l t nht. C) Cn thit phi bin i cc cu hi hp l sao cho
chi ph thi gian thc hin cc php ton l t nht.

D) Kt qu ca cc php ton c biu din duy nht

bng mt quan h.
Cu 7.

Xt lc quan h R(T,V,X,P,K) vi tp ph thuc hm

F={TV->X; XP->K; X->T; K->P}. Bao ng ca tp X={TVK} l:

A) TVKP
Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 2

Cu hi trc nghim s 1 B) TVXPK C) TVKX D) TVK

Cu 8.

Cho lc quan h Q(A,B,C,D,E,G,H) v tp ph thuc

hm F ={B -> A; DA -> CE; D -> H; GH-> C; AC -> D}. Bao ng ca tp thuc tnh {AC}:

A) {ACDEH} B) {ABCDEH} C) {ACEH} D) {ACDE}

Cu 9.

Cho lc quan h Q(A,B,C,D,E,I) v tp ph thuc hm

F={ACDEBI, CEAD}. T t c cc kho ca Q l:

A) CD v ACE B) AC v CE C) AD v AE D) ACD v CE
Cu 10.

Cho lc quan h R(A,B,C,D,E,G) vi tp cc ph thuc

hm F ={AB C, CB, ABDE, GA, AB, B E, DA, DB}. Cc ph thuc hm no sau y l d tha i vi F?

A) ABDE v DB B) AB C) B E D) DA
Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 3

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
Cu 11.

Cho F={AB C, B D, CDE, CEGH, GA}. Cho bit cc

ph thuc hm no sau y c suy dn t F nh lut dn Armstrong:

A) AB E B) AB G C) AB AG D) C a v b.

Cu 12.

Xt R(A,B,C,D) c kha chnh l A, l 2NF nhng khng t

3NF. Ph thuc hm no sau y l khng ng:

A) B->C B) A->B C) C->A D) A->C

Cu 13.

Cho lc quan h Q(A,B,C,D) v tp ph thuc hm

F={AB->C; B->D; BC->A}. Quan h Q trn t dng chun:

A) Dng chun 1 (1NF) B) Dng chun 2 (2NF) C) Dng chun 3 (3NF) D) Dng chun Boyce-Codd (BCNF)
Cu 14.

Cho lc quan h R(A,B,C,D) v tp ph thuc hm

F={ABC->D, D->C} . Xc nh dng chun cao nht cu lc quan h R. Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 4

Cu hi trc nghim s 1 A) Dng chun 1 (1NF) B) Dng chun 2 (2NF) C) Dng chun 3 (3NF) D) Dng chun Boyce-Codd (BCNF)
Cu 15.

Cho lc quan h Q(G,M,V,N,H,P) v tp ph thuc

hm: F={GM, GN, GH, GP, MV, NHP M}. Quan h trn t dng chun:

A) Dng chun 1 (1NF) B) Dng chun 2 (2NF) C) Dng chun 3 (3NF) D) Dng chun Boyce-Codd (BCNF)
Cu 16.

Cho lc quan h Q(A,B,C,D,E,I) v tp ph thuc hm

F={ACDEBI, CEAD}.Q t dng chun:

A) Dng chun 1 (1NF) B) Dng chun 2 (2NF) C) Dng chun 3 (3NF) D) Dng chun Boyce-Codd (BCNF)

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

Trang 5

Cu hi trc nghim s 1

Phn t lun
Cu 1.

Ch ng minh r ng 5NF 4NF BCNF 3NF 2NF

1NF. Gii: Ch ng minh 2NF 1NF:

Hin nhin theo nh ngha chun 2 v 1 ta c: +Dng chun 1NF: Mt lc quan h Q dng chu n 1 nu ton b cc thu c tnh ca mi b u mang gi tr n. +Dng chun 2NF: Mt lc quan h Q dng chu n 2 nu Q t chun 1 v mi thuc tnh khng kha ca Q u ph thuc y vo kha . (*) => Nu Q khng t chun 1NF th Q khng th t chun 2NF => 2NF 1NF (1). 2NF:

Ch ng minh 3NF

Ta c nh ngha dng chun 3NF: + nh ngha 1: Lc quan h Q dng chun 3 nu mi ph thuc hm X A F+ vi A X u c: -Hoc X l siu kha -Hoc A l thu c tnh kha

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

Trang 6

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
+ nh ngha 2:Lc quan h Q dng chun 3 nu mi thuc tnh khng kha ca Q u khng ph thuc bc cu vo mt kha bt k ca Q T nh ngha 2: Gi s Q t dng chun 3 v c thuc tnh khng kha A khng ph thuc hm y vo kha K K K sao cho KA nh vy ta c KK,KA,A thuc bc cu. => 3NF 2NF (2). 3NF: K KK Q c ph

Ch ng minh BCNF

nh ngha BCNF: Mt quan h Q dng chun BC nu mi ph thuc hm X A F+ vi A X u c X l siu kha. =>Kt hp vi nh ngha 1 v dng chun 3NF, hin nhin ta thy BCNF 3NF (3) BCNF:

Ch ng minh 4NF

Hin nhin theo nh ngha 4NF: Mt lc quan h R l dng chu n 4 (4NF) i vi mt tp hp cc ph thuc0 F (g m cc ph thuc hm v ph thuc a tr) nu vi mi ph thuc a tr khng tm thng X Y trong F+ , X l m t siu kha ca R Kt hp vi nh ngha chun BCNF trn ta c Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 7

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
4NF BCNF (4) 4NF:

Ch ng minh 5NF

Hin nhin theo nh ngha chun 5NF nh sau: Mt lc quan h R l dng chun 5 (5NF) (ho c dng chun ni chiu PJNF Project-Join normal form) i vi mt tp F cc ph thuc hm, ph thuc a tr v ph thuc ni nu vi mi ph thuc ni khng tm thng JD(R1,R2, . . . ,Rn) trong F+, m i Ri l mt siu kha ca R. =>5NF 4NF (5).

T (1),(2),(3),(4),(5) ta c: 5NF 4NF BCNF 3NF 2NF 1NF

Cu 2.

Anh (ch) hy nu c trng nhn bit dng chun 3NF &

BCNF. Gii: c trng nhn bit dng chun 3NF: +Khng tn ti ph thuc hm b c cu. +C v tri l siu kha hoc v phi l thuc tnh kha. +Xc nh tp cc thuc tnh khng kha Y. Kim tra xem c tn ti ph thuc X Y F+ , Y X v X+.

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

Trang 8

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
c trng nhn bit dng chun BCNF: + Xc nh cc tp cc thuc tnh X sao cho X+ . Kim tra xem c tn ti ph thuc X Y F+ , Y X. + C 1 kha duy nht xc nh tt c cc thuc tnh cn li.
Cu 3.

Cho 02 v d v lc quan h l 3NF nhng khng l

BNCF. Gii: VD1 : Cho lc quan h Q(ABCDE) v tp ph thuc hm F={ AB CDE, CDABE, AEBCD, DB}. Ta c kha ca lc quan h Q l { {AB},{ AD},{AE},{CD} }. Q t chun 3NF(v c v phi u l thuc tnh kha) nhng khng t chun BCNF( v c v tri khng u l siu kha). VD2 : Cho lc quan h Q(NPQS) v tp ph thuc hm F={ PQSN, NQ}. Ta c kha ca lc quan h Q l { {PQS}, {PNS} }. Q t chun 3NF(v c v phi u l thuc tnh kha ) nhng khng t BCNF( v c v tri khng u l siu kha).
Cu 4.

Cho 02 v d v lc quan h l 2NF nhng khng l

3NF Gii: VD 1 : Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 9

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
Cho lc quan h Q(GHIKL) v tp ph thuc hm F={ GHI, KL, KG}. Ta c kha ca lc quan h Q l {K}. Q t chun 2NF(v c mt kha duy nht v kha c mt thuc tnh) nhng khng t chun 3NF(v c thuc tnh khng kha ph thuc bc cu vo kha KG, GHI). VD2 : Cho lc quan h Q(WZRT) v tp ph thuc hm F={WZT, ZT R} Ta c kha ca lc quan h Q l {W}. Q t chun 2NF(v c mt kha duy nht v kha c mt thuc tnh) nhng khng t chun 3NF(v tn ti thuc tnh khng kha ph thuc bc cu vo kha WZT,ZT R)

Cu 5.

Trnh by cc thu t ton: - Tch bo ton ph thuc hm. - Tch bo ton thng tin. - Tch bo ton thng tin v c ph thuc hm. Gii:

Tch bo ton ph thuc hm : Cho lc quan h Q(R) v tp ph thuc hm F( gi s F ti thiu ). B1 : Vi cc Ai thuc R, Ai khng thuc F th loi Ai ra khi Q v lp 1 quan h mi cho cc Ai. Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 10

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
B2 : Nu tn ti f thuc F, f cha tt c cc thuc tnh ca Q th kt qu l Q. B3 : Ngc li, vi mi XA thuc F, xc nh 1 quan h Qi(XA). Nu tn ti XAi, XAj th to 1 quan h chung Q (XAiAj). Tch bo ton thng tin : Cho lc quan h Q(R) v tp ph thuc hm F. B1: KQ={Q} B2: Vi mi S thuc KQ, S khng BCNF, xt XA thuc S vi iu kin X khng cha kha ca S v A khng thuc X. Thay th S bi S1,S2 vi S1=A{X}, S2={S}\A. B3: Lp li B2 cho n khi mi S thuc KQ u BCNF KQ gm cc s con ca php tch yu cu. Tch va bo ton thng tin va bo ton ph thuc hm: B1: Tm 1 kha ti thiu ca lc quan h Q cho. B2: Tch lc quan h Q theo php tch b o ton ph thuc hm. B3: Nu mt trong cc s con c cha kha ti thiu th kt qu ca B2 l kt qu cui cng. Ngc li, thm vo kt qu mt lc quan h c to bi kha ti thiu tm c B1.
Cu 6.

Cho F v G l cc t p ph thuc cng tho trn t p .

K hiu XG+ v XF+ l cc t p bao ng ng vi cc t p G v F. Ch ng minh r ng nu F G khi XG+ = XF+ Gii: Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 11

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
-Theo nh ngha ph thuc hm tng ng ta c: Nu F G khi v ch khi F+ = G+ (F+, G+ l cc tp bao ng ca 2 tp ph thuc F v G). - Gi: XF = {X1, X2, X3,. Xn) l tp thuc tnh ca tp ph thuc F. - Gi: Y G = {Y 1, Y 2, Y 3, . Y n) l tp thuc tnh ca tp ph thuc G. Vi mi ph thuc hm Xi Xj F u l thnh vin ca tp ph thuc G (V F G => F => Xi Xj Y i Y j => XF G v G YG F).

=> Vi mi Xi F, =>
Cu 7.

Y i G Xi = Y i = (Xi = Yi) (DPCM).

hay

Cho F = {ABC, DEG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGBD,

ACDB, CEAG}. Hy xc nh ph c c tiu ca F. Gii: Bc 1: Tch v phi ch cha mt thuc tnh: F = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, ACDB, CEA, CEG} Bc 2: Loi b thuc tnh d tha v tri: +Xt: AB C : A+ = A. B Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B A+ => Khng d tha B. Trang 12

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
B + =B. A +Xt: BEC : B + = B. E E+ =E. B +Xt: BCD : B + = B. C C+ =AC. B +Xt: CGB : C+ =AC. G G+ =G. C +Xt: CGD : C+ =AC. G G+ =G. C +Xt: ACDB : CD+ = ABCDEG. A CD+ =>D tha A AD+ = ADEG. C AD+ => Khng d tha C. AC+ = AC . D AC+ => Khng d tha D. => Cn li CDB. Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 13 C+ => Khng d tha G. G+ => Khng d tha C. C+ => Khng d tha G. G+ => Khng d tha C. B + => Khng d tha C. C+ => Khng d tha B. B + => Khng d tha E. E+ => Khng d tha B. B + => Khng d tha A.

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
+Xt: CEA, CEG: C+ =AC. E E+ = E. C C+ => Khng d tha E. E+ => Khng d tha C.

=> F1tt = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} Bc 3: Loi b cc ph thuc hm d tha: + AB C : G= F 1tt - {AB C} = { DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} (AB G )+ = (AB) . C (AB G )+ => AB C khng d tha.

+ DE: G= F1tt - {DE} = {AB C,DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} = DG. E => DE khng d tha.

+ DG: G= F1tt - {DG} = {AB C,DE, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} = DE. G => DG khng d tha.

+ CA: G= F1tt - {DA} = {AB C,DE, DG, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} = C. A => CA khng d tha.

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

Trang 14

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
+ BEC : G= F1tt - {BEC} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} (BEG )+ = (BE) . C (BEG )+ => BEC khng d tha.

+ BCD: G= F1tt - {BCD} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} (BCG )+ = (ABC) . D (BCG )+ => BCD khng d tha.

+CGB: G= F1tt - {CGB} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGD, CDB, CEA, CEG} (CGG )+ = (ABCDEG) . B (CGG )+ => CGB d tha. +CGD: G= F1tt - {CGB} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CDB, CEA, CEG} (CGG )+ = (ABCDEG) .DB (CGG )+ => CGD d tha. + CDB: G= F1tt - {CDB} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CEA, CEG} (CDG )+ = (ABCDEG) .B (CDG )+ => CDB d tha. + CEA: G= F1tt - {CEA} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEG} (CEG )+ = (ABCDEG) .A (CDG )+ => CEA d tha. + CEG: G= F1tt - {CEG} = {AB C, DE, DG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGB, CGD, CDB, CEA} Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 15

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
(CEG )+ = (ACE) .G (CEG )+ => CEG khng d tha.

Vy Ftt= { ABC, DE, DG,CA, BEC, BCD, CEG}

Cu 8.

Cho

= {AB C,

BD, CDE,

CE GH,

GA,

BCDD}. Hy xc nh ph c c tiu ca F. Gii: Bc 1: Tch v phi ch cha mt thuc tnh: F = { AB C, B D, CDE, CEG, CEH, GA, BCDD} Bc 2: Loi b thuc tnh d tha v tri: +Xt: AB C : A+ = A. B B + =BD. A +Xt: CDE : C+ = C. D D+ =D. C +Xt: CEG : C+ = C. E C+ => Khng d tha E. C+ => Khng d tha D. D+ => Khng d tha C. A+ => Khng d tha B. B + => Khng d tha A.

E+ =E. C E+ => Khng d tha C. +Xt: CEH : Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 16

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
C+ = C. E E+ =E. C +Xt: BCDD : CD+ = ACDEGH. B CD+ => Khng d tha B BD+ = BD. C CD+ => Khng d tha C. BC+ = BC . D BC+ => Khng d tha D. => F1tt = { AB C, B D, CDE, CEG, CEH, GA, BCDD} Bc 3: Loi b cc ph thuc hm d tha: + AB C : G= F1tt - {AB C} = {B D, CDE, CEG, CEH, GA, BCDD} (AB G )+ = (ABD) . C (AB G )+ => AB C khng d tha. C+ => Khng d tha E. D+ => Khng d tha C.

+ B D : G= F 1tt - {B D} = {AB C, CDE, CEG, CEH, GA, BCDD} =B. D => B D khng d tha.

+ CDE : G= F1tt - {CDE} = { AB C ,B D,CEG, CEH, GA, BCDD} (CDG )+ = (CD) . E (CDG )+ => CDE khng d tha.

+ CEG : G= F1tt - {CEG} = { AB C ,B D, CDE CEH, GA, BCDD} Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 17

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
(CEG )+ = (CEH) . G (CEG )+ => CEG khng d tha.

+ CEH : G= F1tt - {CEH} = { AB C ,B D, CDE CEG, GA, BCDD} (CEG )+ = (ACEG) . H (CEG )+ => CEH khng d tha.

+ GA : G= F1tt - {GA} = {AB C, B D, CDE, CEG, CEH, BCDD} = G. A => GA khng d tha.

+ BCDD : G= F1tt - { BCDD } ={ AB C, B D, CDE, CEG, CEH, GA} (BCDG )+ = (ABCDEGH) . D (BCDG )+ => BCDD d tha. Vy Ftt = { ABC, BD, CDE, CE G, CEH, GA}.
Cu 9.

Cho F = {AB E, AGI, BEI, EG, GIH }. Hy xc

nh ph c c tiu ca F. Gii: Bc 1: Tch v phi ch cha mt thuc tnh: F={AB E, AGI, BEI, EG, GI H } Bc 2: Loi b thuc tnh d tha v tri: +Xt: AB E : A+ = A. B Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B A+ => Khng d tha B. Trang 18

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
B + =B. A + Xt: AGI : A+ = A. G G+ = G. A + Xt: BEI : B+ = B . E E+ = EG . B + Xt: GI H : G+ = G . I I + = I. G G+ => Khng d tha I. I + => Khng d tha G. B + => Khng d tha E. E+ => Khng d tha B. A+ => Khng d tha G. G+ => Khng d tha A. B + => Khng d tha A.

=> F1tt = {AB E, AGI, BEI, EG, GI H } Bc 3: Loi b cc ph thuc hm d tha: + AB E : G= F1tt -{AB E} = { AGI, BEI, EG, GI H } (AB G )+ = (AB) . E (AB G )+ => AB E khng d tha.

+ AGI : G= F1tt -{ AGI } = {AB E, BEI, EG, GI H } (AGG )+ = (AG) . I (AGG )+ => AGI khng d tha.

+ BEI : G= F1tt -{ BEI } ={AB E, AGI, EG, GI H } (BEG )+ = (BEG) . I Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B (BEG )+ => BEI khng d tha. Trang 19

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
+ EG : G= F1tt -{ BEI } ={AB E, AGI, BEI, GI H } = (E) . G => EG khng d tha.

+ GI H : G= F1tt -{ BEI } ={AB E, AGI, BEI, EG} (GIG )+ = (GI) . H (GIG )+ => GI H khng d tha.

Vy Ftt = F1tt = {ABE, AGI, BEI, E G, GIH }

Cu 10.

Cho F = {X Z, XYWP, XYZWQ, XZR}. Xc nh

t p ph c c tiu t t p F. Gii: Bc 1: Tch v phi ch cha mt thuc tnh: F = {XZ, XYW, XYP, XYZ, XYQ,XZR} Bc 2: Loi b thuc tnh d tha v tri: + Xt XY W: X+ = XZR. Y Y+ = Y , X + Xt XY P: X+ = XZR, P Y+ = Y , P Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B X+ => Khng d tha Y Y + => Khng d tha X Trang 20 X+ => Khng d tha Y Y + => Khng d tha X

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
+ Xt XY Z: X+ = XZR, Y X => khng d tha Y Y+ = Y , X + Xt XY Q: X+ = XZR, Y X => khng d tha Y Y+ = Y , X + Xt XZR: X+ = XZR, Z X+ => D tha Z. Cn li: XR => F1tt={XZ,XY W, XY P,XY Z,XY Q, XR} Bc 3: Loi b cc ph thuc hm d tha: + XZ : G= F1tt -{XZ} = { XY W, XY P, XY Z ,XY Q, XR} = (XR) . Z => XZ khng d tha. Y + => Khng d tha X Y + => Khng d tha X

+ XY W : G= F1tt -{XY W } ={ XZ, XY P, XYZ ,XY Q, XR} (XY G )+ = (XYPQRZ) . W (XY G )+ => XY W khng d tha.

+ XY P: G= F1tt - {XY P} ={XZ,XY W, XY Z ,XY Q, XR} Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 21

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
(XY G )+ = (XYWQRZ) . P (XY G )+ => XY P khng d tha.

+ XY Z: G= F1tt - {XY Z} ={XZ,XY W, XY P, XY Q, XR} (XY G )+ = (XYWQRZ) . Z (XY G )+ => XY Z d tha. + XY Q: G= F1tt - {XY Q}=Ftt={XZ,XYW, XY P, XYZ , XR} (XY G )+ = (XY G )+ = (XYPWRZ) . Q d tha. + XR: G= F1tt - { XR } = {XZ,XY W, XY P, XY Z ,XY Q} = (XZ) . R => XR khng d tha. (XY G )+ => XY Q khng

Vy Ftt = F1tt={XZ,XYW, XYP,XYQ, XR}.

Cu 11.

Cho t p cc thu c tnh = { A, B, C, D, E, G} v tp cc

ph thuc hm. F:={AB C,DEG, CA, BEC, BCD, CGBD, ACDB, CEAG}. Xc nh t p kha ca lc quan h trn. Gii: Bc 1: T F xc nh tp thuc tnh ngun v tp trung gian. TN={ } Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B Trang 22

Cu hi trc nghim s 1
TG = {A,B,C,D,E,G}

Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Xi A B C D E G AB AC AD AE AG BC BD BE BG CD CE CG DE

(TN Xi) A B C D E G AB AC AD AE AG BC BD BE BG CD CE CG DE

(TN Xi)+ A B CA DEG E G Q+ AC ADEG AE AG Q+ Q+ Q+ BG Q+ Q+ Q+ DEG

Siu kha

Kha

AB

AB

BC BD BE

BC BD BE

CD CE CG

CD CE CG

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

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Cu hi trc nghim s 1
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 DG EG ABC ABD ABE ABG ACD ACE ACG ADE ADG AEG BCD BCE BCG BDE BDG BEG CDE CDG CEG DEG ABCD DG EG ABC ABD ABE ABG ACD ACE ACG ADE ADG AEG BCD BCE BCG BDE BDG BEG CDE CDG CEG DEG ABCD DEG EG Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ ADEG ADEG AEG Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ DEG Q+ ABCD BCD BCE BCG BDE BDG BEG CDE CDG CEG ABC ABD ABE ABG ACD ACE ACG

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

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Cu hi trc nghim s 1
44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 ABCE ABCG ABDE ABDG ABEG ACDE ACDG ACEG ADEG BCDE BCDG BCEG BDEG CDEG ABCDE ABCEG ABCDG ABCEG ACDEG BCDEG ABCDEG ABCE ABCG ABDE ABDG ABEG ACDE ACDG ACEG ADEG BCDE BCDG BCEG BDEG CDEG ABCDE ABCEG ABCDG ABCEG ACDEG BCDEG ABCDEG Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ ADEG Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ Q+ BCDE BCDG BCEG ADEG CDEG ABCDE ABCEG ABCDG ABCEG ACDEG BCDEG ABCDEG ABCE ABCG ABDE ABDG ABEG ACDE ACDG ACEG

Vy t p kha ca lt quan h l : {A,B},{B,C},{B,D},{B,E},{C,D},{C,E},{C,G}

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

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Cu hi trc nghim s 1
Cu 12.

Cho t p cc thu c tnh = { A, B, C, D, E, H} v tp cc

ph thuc hm F:={AE, CD, EDH}. Ch ng minh r ng K={A, B, C} l kho duy nh t ca lc quan h. Gii: Gi L = Li ; LiR F => L = { A,C,E } Gi R = Ri; LRi F. => R={D,E,H}

Theo tnh cht ca Kha ta c: L R = => { \ R} = ABC l kha ca lc quan h . V { \ R} + = ABCDEH = => K = ABC t X= ( \ R) (L R) = ABCE Ta c : L R = E + Xt : (X-E)+ = ABCDEH = K

=> K = {A,B,C} l kha duy nht ca lc quan h.

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

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Cu hi trc nghim s 1

Nhm 1 Lp DCT10B

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