Trng i hc Bch khoa H ni - Khoa in - B mn T ng ho X nghip Cng nghip

M HNH HO V M PHNG
Dr.-Ing. Mnh Cng 305 Hitech Center Email: mcuong77@gmx.de

Gii thiu chung v mn hc

Gio trnh: Nguyn Cng Hin, Nguyn Phm Thc Anh M hnh ho h thng v m phng NXB Khoa hc v k thut 2006. Hunh Thi Hong M hnh ha, nhn dng v m phng Ti liu tham kho: Cc bi bo trong cc tp ch nc ngoi v mn hc. Yu cu v mc tiu ca mn hc: Lm vic theo nhm. Ting Anh. Kh nng s dng my tnh, lp trnh c bn xy dng m hnh ca mt h thng. Khuyn khch kh nng lm vic c lp v sng to !!!
HUT, 10.01.2011 Modelling and Simulation Folie 2

I.1 Tng quan v M hnh ho v m phng Lch s ra i:

c ra i t nhng nm 40 ca TK20 (WW.II) c ng dng trong hu ht cc lnh vc, nhiu cp khc nhau: 100% cc c s nghin cu pht trin s dng phng php m hnh ho v cc cng c m phng. Hn 90% cc hng sn xut s dng k thut m phng trong cc giai on sn xut (nghin cu, ti u ho v pht trin cc sn phm mi). Ngy cng nhiu cc hng u t vo pht trin k thut m phng.

Phm vi ng dng v nghin cu:

HUT, 10.01.2011

Modelling and Simulation

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II.1 Tng quan v M hnh ho v m phng

Th no l m hnh ho ? Nhn dng mt i tng hay h thng. Xc nh c cc thnh phn (yu t) chnh, ct li v cn thit. Phn tch cc tc ng qua li gia chng.

Ti sao phi m hnh ho ? C c s hiu bit v i tng hay h thng ang quan tm. d on, m phng v iu khin. Pht hin cc vn mi pht sinh
Modelling and Simulation Folie 4

HUT, 10.01.2011

I.2 Mt s khi nim c bn

i tng (Object): H thng (System): Trng thi ca h thng (State of System): M hnh (Model): M hnh ho (Modelling): M phng (Simulation, Imitation):

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I.3 H thng v m hnh h thng

V d II.1: H thng n nh tc ca ng c in mt chiu r(t) + e(t) u(t)

BK

Mch lc

CMC

Ti

y(t) r(t): Tn hiu t y(t): Tn hiu thc e(t): Sai lch lch u(t): Tn hiu iu khin

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I.3 H thng v m hnh h thng

V d II.2: H thng iu hnh nh my nhit in K hoch sn xut TRUNG TM TM IU KHIN V GIM ST

u vo

Cp liu

L hi & gia nhit

Turbin

My pht

Phn phi in

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Modelling and Simulation

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I.3 H thng v m hnh h thng

Thc th (Entity) S kin (Event) Cc thuc tnh (Attributes) Cc hot ng? (Activities) Trng thi ca h thng ti mt thi im nht nh c m t bi tp hp cc bin trng thi (state variables)
Modelling and Simulation Folie 8

HUT, 10.01.2011

I.3 H thng v phng php nghin cu h thng

Nghin Nghin cu h thng

H thc
u im: - Cho kt qu st thc nht Nhc im: - Tn km - Khng phi lc no cng kh thi
HUT, 10.01.2011

M hnh thay th
u im: - n gin v thun tin nht. - Chi ph thp, hon ton kh thi Nhc im: - chnh xc khng cao
Modelling and Simulation Folie 9

I.4 Xu hng pht trin ca M hnh ho v m phng

Ban u, phng php gii tch c p dng m hnh ho h thng. Phng php m phng c pht trin v ng dng rng ri nh ng dng cng ngh my tnh => Xy dng m hnh m phng: - chnh xc cao hn. - Gn st vi h thng thc hn. - p dng c cho cc h thng ln, c cu trc phc tp. - Thit k la chn cu trc, ti u v d on trng thi ca h thng. - nh hng khi xy dng cc h thng mi.

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I.4 ng dng ca M hnh ho v m phng

Gp kh khn khi nghin cu trn h thng thc: Gi thnh h thng thc qu t. Thi gian nghin cu trn h thc qu di. Nghin cu trn h thng thc gy nguy him. Khng th thc hin c. Dng nh gi nhy ca h thng khi c cc thay i: Thay i v cu trc. Thay i tham s Cc tc nhn khc

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Modelling and Simulation

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I.4 ng dng ca M hnh ho v m phng

Nghin cu, xy dng m hnh cc h thng cha c thc: M phng cc h thng ln, phc tp, c tnh ngu nhin cao. M phng cc h thng sn xut. ng dng trong gii tr (game), kinh doanh v qun s. Cc h thng o.

All models are wrong -but some are useful !!!

C. Chatfield

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