BAB 1

PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG

A4

A5

A6

A3

T4
A2
T3

D4

D3

T5

D2

A7
D5
T6

T2
A1

T1

A8
T7

45

D6

D1

B1

B2

B4

B3

B5

B6

30

1.1 Perhitungan Secara Matematis

Panjang Batang Bawah
B1 = B2 = B3 = B4 = B5 = B6 = B7 = B8
B=

30
8

= 3,75 m

Panjang Batang Tegak

T1 = T7

A1

T1

T1

= tan . B1
= tan 45 . 3,75
= 3,75 m

T2

= tan .( B1+B2 )
= tan 45 .( 3,75+3,75 )
= 7,5 m

B1

T2 = T6
A2

T2
A1

T1
B1

B2

B7

B8

T3 = T5
A3

T3

= tan . ( B1+B2+B3 )
= tan 45 . ( 3,75+3,75+3,75 )
= 11,25 m

T4

= tan .( B1+B2+B3+B4 )
= tan 45 .( 3,75+3,75+3,75+3,75 )
= 15 m

A2
T3

T2
A1

T1
B1

B2

B3

T4

A4

A3

T4
A2
T3

T2
A1

T1
B1

B2

B4

B3

Panjang Batang Atas

A1 = A2 = A3 = A4 = A5 = A6 = A7 = A8
A
A1

= 3,752 + 3,752

T1

= 5,303
B1

Panjang Batang Diagonal

D1 = D6

D1

T1

D1

= 3,752 + 3,752
= 5,303

B2

D2 = D5
D2

= 7,52 + 3,752

D2
T2

= 8,385

B3

D3 = D4
D3

T3

= 11,252 + 3,752
= 11,859

D3

B4

Tabel Panjang Batang

No

A(m)

B(m)

T(m)

D(m)

5,303

3,75

3,75

5,303

5,303

3,75

7,5

8,385

5,303

3,75

11,25

11,859

5,303

3,75

15

11,859

5,303

3,75

11,25

8,385

5,303

3,75

7,5

5,303

5,303

3,75

3,75

5,303

3,75

BAB 2
PERHITUNGAN GORDING

2.1 Gording
Data data

o Bentang rangka atap

30

o Jarak kuda kuda ( )

o Berat atap genteng biasa

24

Kg/m

o Jarak gording

5,303 m

o Beban angin ( W )

70

Kg/m2

o Beban Berguna ( P )

70

Kg

2.2 Perencanaan Dimensi Gording

Dicoba gording INP.30
Data Profil

69,1

Cm2

54,2

Kg/m

Ix

9800

Cm4

Iy

451

Cm4

Wx

653

Cm3

Wy

72,2

Cm3

2.3 Pembebanan Gording

a. Beban Mati
- Berat sendiri gording

= 1 54,2

= 54,2 Kg/m

- Berat penutup atap

= ( a berat sendiri atap 1 )

= 5,303 24 1
= 127,272 Kg/m

q1

= 54,2 + 127,272
= 181,472 Kg/m

Brancing 10 % . q1
q2

q total

= 10 % . 181,472
= 18,147 Kg/m
= q1 + q2
= 181,472 + 18,147
= 199,619 Kg/m
4

b. Beban Berguna ( P )

70

Kg

qy

= q cos

c. Beban Angin
o

Angin tekan
c

0,02 0,4

0,02. 45 0,4

0,5

= c = - 0,4

Angin Isap

Beban angin tekan

W

= c w a 1
= 0,5 70 5,303 1
= 185,605 Kg/m

Beban angin isap

W

= c w a 1
= -0,4 70 5,303 1
= -148,484 Kg/m

2.4 Momen Pada Gording

a. Akibat beban Mati

= 199,619 cos 45
= 141,152 Kg/m

qy
qx

45

qx
q

= q sin
= 199,619 sin 45
= 141,152 Kg/m

Mq y

= 8 . qy .2

Mq x

= 8 . qx . 2
1

= 8 . 141,152 . 32

= 8 . 141,152 . 32

= 158,796 Kg/m

= 158,796 Kg/m

b. Akibat beban berguna

Py

= P cos
= 70 cos 45
= 49,497 Kg

Py
45

Px

Px

= P sin
= 70 sin 45
= 49,497 Kg

MPy

= 4 . Py .

MPx

= 4 . Px .
1

= 4 . 49,497 . 3

= 4 . 49,497 . 3

= 37,123 Kg/m

= 37,123 Kg/m

c. Akibat beban angin

o

Angin tekan
Wy

= W = 185,605 Kg/m

Wx

=0
1

MWy = 8 . wy . 2
1

= 8 . 185,605 . 32

Wy
45

Wx

= 208,806 Kg/m
MWx = 0

Angin isap
Wy

= W = -148,484 Kg/m

Wx

=0
1

MWy = 8 . wy . 2
1

= 8 .-148,484. 32

W'y
W'x

45

= - 167,045 Kg/m

MWx = 0

2.5 Kombinasi Momen

Arah

Beban Mati

Beban Hidup

Beban ngin

Kombinasi

(1)

(2)

Tekan ( 3 )

Isap ( 4 )

( 1+2 )

(1+2+3)

(1+2+4)

158,796

37,123

195,919

195,919

195,919

158,796

37,123

208,806

- 167,045

195,919

404,725

28,874

Catatan :ambil nilai yang terbesar

2.6 Kontrol Terhadap Tegangan

Data :
Mx

= 195,919 Kg.m

= 19591,9 Kg.cm

My

= 404,725 Kg.m

= 40472,5 Kg.cm

Wx

= 653 cm

Wy

= 72,2 cm3

= 1600 Kg/cm2

19591,9
653

40472 ,5
72,2

590,564 Kg/cm2

1600 Kg/cm2

2.7 Kontrol Terhadap Lendutan

Data :
qx

= 141,152 Kg/m

= 1,41152 Kg/cm2

qy

= 141,152 Kg/m

= 1,41152 Kg/cm2

Px

= 49,497 Kg

Py

= 49,497 Kg

Ix

= 9800 cm4

Iy

= 451 cm4

=3m

= 2,1 x 106 Kg/cm2

= 300 cm

Aman !

o Lendutan Arah Sumbu x

=
=

5
384
5
384

.
.

.
.

1
48

.
.

1,41152 .300
2,110 6 .9800

49,497.300

48 2,110 6 .9800

= 0,008605 cm
o Lendutan Arah Sumbu y

=
=

5
384
5
384

.
.

.
.

1
48

1,41152 .300
2,110 6 .451

.
.

49,497.300

48 2,110 6 .451

= 0,186583 cm

= 2 + 2
= 0,0086052 + 0,1865832
= 0,18678 cm

1
250
1
250

.
. 300

0,18678 cm 1,2 cm

Aman !

Maka INP.30 aman terhadap tegangan dan lendutan yang akan terjadi.

BAB 3
PERHITUNGAN RANGKA KUDA-KUDA

3.1 Perhitungan Kuda-Kuda

Berat sendiri kuda-kuda

= 2 + 0,66 L
= 2 + 0,66 . 30
= 21,8 Kg/m2

Berat total

=
=

.
2

21,8

30 . 15
2

21,8

= 4905 Kg
Berat sendiri gording INP.30 = 54,2 Kg/m2
Jumlah gording

= 10 buah

Berat atap

= 24 Kg/m2

10

3.2 Menentukan Beban Mati Vertikal

Berat gording

= jumlah gording b.s gording

= 10

jarak kuda-kuda

54,2 3

= 1626 Kg
Berat sendiri atap

= berat atap batang atas kuda-kuda

= 24

2 (21,212)

jarak kuda-kuda

= 3054,528 Kg
Berat rangka keseluruhan + Berat sendiri gording + Berat sendiri atap
G

= 4905 + 1626+ 3054,528

= 9585,528 Kg

Brancing 10 % . G

= 10 % . 9585,528
= 958,5528 Kg

G total

= G + Brancing 10 %
= 9585,528 + 958,5528
= 10544,081 Kg

Beban mati per titik tumpu

=
=

Gtotal
8
10544 ,081
8

= 1318,010 Kg

11

3.3 Menentukan beban berguna( P )

o Beban berguna ( P )

= 70 Kg
70

70

A4

A5

70

70
A6

A3

T4

70
A2
T3

70
D4

D3

A7

T5

D5

D2

35
T1

35

D6

D1

A8
T7

45

T6

T2
A1

70

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

30

3.4 Menentukan beban angin

w = 70 Kg
o Koefisien angin tekan ( c )

= 0,5

o Koefisien angin isap ( c )

= -0,4

Tiap titik simpul tengah menerima beban, yaitu :

Angin tekan
W

jarak gording

=3

5,303

0,5 70

= 556,815 Kg
Angin isap
W

jarak gording

=3

5,303

-0,4 70

= -445,452 Kg

12

B7

B8

 Tiap titik simpul menerima beban yaitu :

Tepi bawah ( di titik A ) =
Tepi bawah ( di titik B ) =

2
W

556,815
2

= 278,408 Kg

445,452
2

= - 222,726 Kg

Angin Kiri
278,408

A4

556,815

556,815

556,815

-222,726

-445,452

A5

T4
A2

D4

D3

T3

T5

D2

A7

278,408
T1

-445,452

D5
T6

T2
A1

-445,452

A6

A3

D6

D1

A8
T7

45

B1

B2

B4

B3

B5

B7

B6

B8

-222,726
B

30

Angin Kanan
-222,726

-445,452

-445,452

278,408

A4

556,815

A5

556,815

A6

A3

T4

-445,452

A2
T3

D4

D3

D2

-222,726

D5
T6

T2
A1

T1

556,815

A7

D6

D1

B1

B2

278,408

A8
T7

45

T5

B3

B4

B5
30

13

B6

B7

B8

BAB 4
PERHITUNGAN GAYA BATANG

4.1 Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Mati dengan Cara Cremona

1318,010

1318,010

1318,010

A4

A5

1318,010

1318,010
A6

A3

1318,010

1318,010
T4

A2
T3

659,005

D4

D3

D2

T5

A7

T6

T2
A1

T1

659,005

D5

D6

D1

A8
T7

45

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

30

30.0000
RA

RB

RAH

=0

=0

Beban simetris karena beban kiri dan beban kanan sama

MA=MB
=
=

=0

P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8+P9
2
659,005+1318 ,010+ 1318 ,010+ 1318 ,010+ 1318 ,010+ 1318 ,010+ 1318 ,010+1318 ,010+659,005
2

RAV = RBV

= 5272,04 Kg ( )

Cek : V

=0

RAV + RBV ( P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8 )

=0

10544,08 10544,08

= 0 OK

14

 Gaya batang yang diperoleh akibat beban mati dengan cara cremona :
Batang atas ( A )
A1

= - 6523,817 Kg

A2

= - 5591,843 Kg

A3

= - 4659,869 Kg

A4

= - 3727,895 Kg

A5

= - 3727,895 Kg

A6

= - 4659,869 Kg

A7

= - 5591,843 Kg

A8

= - 6523,817 Kg

Batang bawah ( B )
B1

= + 4613,035 Kg

B2

= + 4613,035 Kg

B3

= + 3954,030 Kg

B4

= + 3295,025 Kg

B5

= + 3295,025 Kg

B6

= + 3954,030 Kg

B7

= + 4613,035 Kg

B8

= + 4613,035 Kg

Batang tegak ( T )
T1

=+0

T2

= - 659,005 Kg

T3

= + 1318,010 Kg

T4

= + 3954,030 Kg

T5

= + 1318,010 Kg

T6

= + 659,005 Kg

T7

=+0

Batang diagonal ( D )
D1

= - 931,929 Kg

D2

= - 1473,580 Kg

D3

= - 2083,957 Kg

D4

= + 2083,957 Kg

D5

= + 1473,580 Kg

D6

= + 931,929 Kg
15

Tabel Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Mati

No. Batang
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6

Gaya Batang ( Kg )
Tarik ( + )
4613,035
4613,035
3954,030
3295,025
3295,025
3954,030
4613,035
4613,035
0
1318,010
3954,030
1318,010
659,005
0
2083,957
1473,580
931,929

16

Tekan ( - )
6523,817
5591,843
4659,869
3727,895
3727,895
4659,869
5591,843
6523,817
659,005
931,929
1473,580
2083,957
-

4.2 Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Berguna ( P = 70 Kg )

70 kg

70 kg

70 kg

A4

A5

70 kg

70 kg
A6

A3

70 kg

70 kg
T4

A2

T3

35 kg

D4

D3

D2

T5

A7

T6

T2
A1

D6

D1

A8
T7

45

T1

35 kg

D5

B1

B2

B4

B3

B5

B6

B7

B8

30
RA

RB

Reaksi Perletakan
Beban yang digunakan adalah beban kiri dan beban kanan sama.
RAH

=0

=0

MA=MB
=
=

=0

P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8+P9
2

35+70+ 70+ 70+ 70+ 70+ 70+70+35

2

RAV = RBV

= 280 Kg ( )

Cek : V

=0

RAV + RBV ( P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8 )

560

560

=0
= 0 OK !

17

 Gaya batang yang diperoleh akibat beban berguna dengan cara cremona :
Batang atas ( A )
A1

= -346,482 Kg

A2

= -296,985 Kg

A3

= -247,487 Kg

A4

= -197,9899 Kg

A5

= -197,9899 Kg

A6

= -247,487 Kg

A7

= -296,985 Kg

A8

= -346,482 Kg

Batang bawah ( B )
B1

= +4534,848 Kg

B2

= +4534,848 Kg

B3

= +3887,052 Kg

B4

= +3239,038 Kg

B5

= +3239,038 Kg

B6

= +3887,052 Kg

B7

= +4534,848 Kg

B8

= +4534,848 Kg

Batang tegak ( T )
T1

=0

T2

= - 647,795 Kg

T3

= +1295,674 Kg

T4

= +1943,386 Kg

T5

= +295,674 Kg

T6

= +647,795 Kg

T7

=0

Batang diagonal ( D )
D1

= -916,121 Kg

D2

= -1448,514 Kg

D3

= -2048,663 Kg

D4

= +2048,663 Kg

D5

= +1448,514 Kg

D6

= +916,121 Kg
18

Tabel Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Berguna ( P = 70 Kg )

No. Batang
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6

Gaya Batang ( Kg )
Tarik ( + )
4534,848
4534,848
3887,052
3239,038
3239,038
3887,052
4534,848
4534,848
0
1295,674
1943,386
1295,674
647,795
0
2048,663
1448,514
916,121

19

Tekan ( - )
6413,199
5496,948
4580,736
3664,571
3664,571
4580,736
5496,948
6413,199
647,795
916,121
1448,514
2048,663
-

4.3 Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Angin Kiri dengan Cara Cremona
1
2

1
2

W'

W'
A4

A5
W'

W
A6

A3
W
A2
1
2

D2

W
A1

RAH

T1
B1

D1
B2

D3

W'
A7

T5
D5

T2

1
2

T6
D6 T7

B3

RA

T3

T4
D4

B4

B5
30

B6

B7

W'

A8
B8
RB

Reaksi Perletakan
H

=0
= RAH + 278,408sin45 + 556,815sin45 + 556,815sin45 + 556,815sin45 +
278,408sin45 - 222,726sin45 - 445,452sin45 - 445,452sin45 445,452sin45 - 222,726sin45 = 0

RAH

= - 315,62 Kg ( )

MB = 0
= RAV30 + 278,408sin450 - 278,408cos4530 + 556,815sin453,75
556,815cos4526,25 + 556,815sin457,5 556,815cos4522,5 +
556,815sin4511,25 556,815cos4518,75 + 278,408sin4515
278,408cos4515 + (-222,726sin4515) + (-222,726cos4515) + (445,452sin4511,25) + (-445,452cos4511,25) + (-445,452sin457,5) +
(-445,452cos457,5) + (-445,452sin453,75) + (-445,452cos453,75) = 0
RAV

= 1417,4195 Kg ( )

MA = 0
= -RBV30 + (-222,726sin450) - (-222,726cos4530) + (445,452sin453,75) - (-445,452cos4526,25) + (-445,452sin457,5) - (445,452cos4522,5) + (-445,452sin4511,25) - (-445,452cos4518,75) +
(-222,726sin4515) (-222,726cos4515) + 278,408sin4515 +
278,408cos4515 + 556,815sin4511,25 + 556,815cos4511,25 +
556,815sin457,5 + 556,815cos457,5 + 556,815sin453,75 +
556,815cos453,75 + 278,408sin450 = 0
RBV

= 1417,4195 Kg ( )
20

V = 0
= RAV + RBV - 278,408cos45 - 556,815cos45 - 556,815cos45 556,815cos45 - 278,408cos45 - 222,726cos45 - 445,452cos45 445,452cos45 - 445,452cos45 - 222,726cos45 = 0
= 2834,839 2834,839 = 0 OK !!!
Gaya batang yang diperoleh akibat beban angin kiri dengan cara cremona :
Batang atas ( A )
A1

= + 55,682 Kg

A2

= + 55,682 Kg

A3

= + 55,682 Kg

A4

= + 55,682 Kg

A5

= - 445,452 Kg

A6

= - 445,452 Kg

A7

= - 445,452 Kg

A8

= - 445,452 Kg

Batang bawah ( B )
B1

= + 2598,603 Kg

B2

= + 2598,603 Kg

B3

= + 2204,375 Kg

B4

= + 1811,147 Kg

B5

= + 1102,437 Kg

B6

= + 787,455 Kg

B7

= + 472,473 Kg

B8

= + 472,473 Kg

Batang tegak ( T )
T1

=0

T2

= + 393,728 Kg

T3

= + 787,455 Kg

T4

= + 236,237 Kg

T5

= + 629,964 Kg

T6

= + 314,982 Kg

T7

=0

21

 Batang diagonal ( D )
D1

= - 556,815 Kg

D2

= - 880,402 Kg

D3

= -1245,076 Kg

D4

= + 996,061 Kg

D5

= + 704,321 Kg

D6

= + 445,452 Kg
Tabel Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Angin Kiri

No. Batang
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6

Gaya Batang ( Kg )
Tarik ( + )
55,682
55,682
55,682
55,682
2598,603
2598,603
2204,375
1811,147
1102,437
787,455
472,473
472,473
393,728
787,455
236,237
629,964
314,982
996,061
704,321
445,452
22

Tekan ( - )
445,452
445,452
445,452
445,452
-

556,815
880,402
1245,076
-

4.4 Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Angin Kanan dengan Cara Cremona
1
2

1
2

W'

W'
A4

A5
W

W'
A6

A3
W'
A2
1
2

D2

W'
A1
RAH

T1
B1

D1

D3

W
A7

T5
D5

T2

B2

1
2

T6
D6 T7

B3

RA

T3

T4
D4

B4

B5
30

B6

B7

A8
B8
RB

Reaksi Perletakan
H

=0
= RAH + 278,408sin45 + 556,815sin45 + 556,815sin45 + 556,815sin45 +
278,408sin45 - 222,726sin45 - 445,452sin45 - 445,452sin45 445,452sin45 - 222,726sin45 = 0

RAH

= - 314,983 Kg ( )

MA = 0
= -RBV30 + 278,408sin450 + 278,408cos4530 556,815sin453,75 +
556,815cos4526,25 556,815sin457,5 + 556,815cos4522,5
556,815sin4511,25 + 556,815cos4518,75 278,408sin4515 +
278,408cos4515 (-222,726sin4515) (-222,726cos4515) (445,452sin4511,25) (-445,452cos4511,25) (-445,452sin457,5) (445,452cos457,5) (-445,452sin453,75) (-445,452cos453,75) = 0
RBV

= 1417,4195 Kg ( )

MB = 0
= RAV30 (-222,726cos4530) (-445,452sin453,75) (445,452cos4526,25) (-445,452sin457,5) (-445,452cos4522,5) (445,452sin4511,25) (-445,452cos4518,75) (-222,726sin4515) (222,276cos4515) 278,408sin4515 278,408cos4515
556,815sin4511,25 556,815cos4511,25 556,815sin457,5
556,815cos457,5 556,815sin453,75 556,815cos453,75
278,408sin450 = 0
RAV

= 1417,4195 Kg ( )
23

V = 0
= RAV + RBV + (-222,726cos45) + (-445,452cos45) + (-445,452cos45) + (445,452cos45 + (-222,726cos45) 278,408cos45 - 556,815cos45 556,815cos45 - 556,815cos45 - 278,408cos45 = 0
= 2834,839 2834,839 = 0 OK !!!
Gaya batang yang diperoleh akibat beban angin kanan dengan cara 24remona :
Batang atas ( A )
A1

= - 445,452 Kg

A2

= - 445,452 Kg

A3

= - 445,452 Kg

A4

= - 445,452 Kg

A5

= + 55,683 Kg

A6

= + 55,683 Kg

A7

= + 55,683 Kg

A8

= + 55,683 Kg

Batang bawah ( B )
B1

= - 2362,368 Kg

B2

= - 2362,368 Kg

B3

= - 2047,385 Kg

B4

= - 1732,403 Kg

B5

= - 1023,693 Kg

B6

= - 629,965 Kg

B7

= - 236,237 Kg

B8

= - 236,237 Kg

Batang tegak ( T )
T1

=0

T2

= - 314,982 Kg

T3

= - 629,965 Kg

T4

= + 236,236 Kg

T5

= + 787,455 Kg

T6

= + 393,728 Kg

T7

=0

24

 Batang diagonal ( D )
D1

= + 445,453 Kg

D2

= + 704,322 Kg

D3

= + 996,062 Kg

D4

= - 1245,076 Kg

D5

= - 880,402 Kg

D6

= - 556,815 Kg
Tabel Gaya Batang Akibat Beban Angin Kanan

No. Batang
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6

Gaya Batang ( Kg )
Tarik ( + )
55,683
55,683
55,683
55,683
236,236
787,455
393,728
445,453
704,322
996,062
25

Tekan ( - )
445,452
445,452
445,452
445,452
2362,368
2362,368
2047,385
1732,403
1023,693
629,965
236,237
236,237
314,982
629,965
1245,076
880,402
556,815

26

27

28

BAB 5
PERHITUNGAN PROFIL KUDA-KUDA

5.1 Profil Batang Atas ( A )

Profil siku dobel ( )
-

Beban maksimum ( P max )

= 13382,468 Kg ( Batang Tekan )

Panjang batang ( Lk )

= 5,303 m

= 1600 Kg/cm2

Tebal plat penyambung ( S )

= 10 mm

Fperlu

=
=

Pmax

= 530,3 cm

= 1 cm

+ 2,5 Lk2

13382 ,468
1600

+ 2,5 . 5,3032

= 78,669 cm2
Dicoba dimensi profil 140.140.15
-

= 40 2 = 80 cm2 Fperlu = 78,669 cm2

Ix = Iy

= 723

ix = i y

= 4,25

= 4,00

Y
29

a. Kontrol as bahan ( sb x x )
x
x

dx

530,3
4,25

= 124,776 125

= 0,271
=

x.

= 0,271 1600
= 433,6 Kg/cm2
P

dx . F

= 433,6 80
= 34688 Kg Pmax = 13382,468 Kg Ok !
b. Kontrol as bebas bahan ( sb y y )
1. Seluruh profil
Iy fiktif

= { Iy + F ( e + .s )2 } 2
= { 723 + 40 ( 4 + . 1 )2 2
= 3066 cm4

iy fiktif

0,9 .3066
80

= 5,873
y fiktif

Lky
iy fiktif
530,3
5,873

= 90,29 ~ 90,3
y fiktif

= 0,481
=

y fiktif . F .

= 0,481 . 80 . 1600
= 61568 Kg Pmax = 13382,468 Kg Ok!

30

2. Satu profil / Profil tunggal

x

y1

y .

y1

x
y

0,271
0,481

= 0,563
y1

= 83 ( Tabel Tekuk )

Lky1

= y1 . iy
= 83 . 4,25
= 352,75

L
Lky 1
530,3

= 352,75
= 1,5 ~ 5 medan
Jumlah Pelat Kopel

= n + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6 buah

5.2 Profil Batang Bawah ( B )

- Beban maksimum ( Pmax )

= 11746,486 Kg ( tarik )

- Panjang Batang ( Lkx )

= 3,750 m = 375 cm

= 1600 Kg/cm2

Fnetto

=
=

Pmax

11746 ,486
1600

= 7,342 cm2

Fbruto

=
=

Fnetto
0,85
7,342
0,85

= 8,638
Dicoba Profil 150.150.16 F = 45,7 cm2 F brutto

31

5.3 Profil Batang Diagonal ( D )

Profil siku dobel ( )
-

Beban maksimum ( P max )

= 2404,865 Kg ( Batang Tekan )

Panjang batang ( Lk )

= 5,303 m

= 1600 Kg/cm2

Tebal plat penyambung ( S )

= 10 mm

Fperlu

=
=

Pmax

= 530,3 cm

= 1 cm

+ 2,5 Lk2

2404 ,865
1600

+ 2,5 . 5,3032

= 71,807 cm2
Dicoba dimensi profil 130.130.16
-

= 39,3 2 = 78,6 cm2 Fperlu = 71,807 cm2

Ix = Iy

= 605

ix = i y

= 3,92

= 5,37
Y

32

a. Kontrol as bahan ( sb x x )
x
x

dx

530,3
3,92

= 135,281 136

= 0,229
=

x.

= 0,229 1600
= 366,4 Kg/cm2
P

dx . F

= 366,4 78,6
= 28799,04 Kg Pmax = 2404,865 Kg Ok !
b. Kontrol as bebas bahan ( sb y y )
1. Seluruh profil
Iy fiktif

= { Iy + F ( e + .s )2 } 2
= { 605 + 39,3 ( 5,37 + . 1 )2 2
= 3918 cm4

iy fiktif

0,9 .3918
78,6

= 6,698
y fiktif

Lky
iy fiktif
530,3
6,698

= 79,17 ~ 80
y fiktif

= 0,588
=

y fiktif . F .

= 0,588 . 78,6 . 1600

= 73946,88 Kg Pmax = 2404,865 Kg Ok!

33

2. Satu profil / profil tunggal

x

y1

y .

y1

x
y

0,229
0,588

= 0,389
y1

= 104 ( Tabel Tekuk )

Lky1

= y1 . iy
= 104 . 3,92
= 407,68

L
Lky 1
530,3

= 407,68
= 1,3 ~ 3 medan
Jumlah Pelat Kopel = n + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4

5.4 Profil Batang Tegak ( T )

- Beban maksimum ( Pmax )

= 6133,652 Kg ( tarik )

- Panjang Batang ( Lkx )

= 7,5 m = 750 cm

= 1600 Kg/cm2

Fnetto

=
=

Pmax

6133 ,652
1600

= 3,834 cm2

Fbruto

=
=

Fnetto
0,85
3,834
0,85

= 4,511
Dicoba Profil 110.110.10 F = 21,2 cm2 F brutto
34

DAFTAR REKAPITULASI DIMENSI PROFIL

Nama Batang

Nomor Batang

Batang Tepi Atas

A1 s/d A8

Batang Tepi Bawah

B1 s/d B8

Batang Diagonal

D1 s/d D6

Batang Tegak

T1 s/d T7

35

Dimensi

140.140.15
150.150.16

130.130.16
110.110.10

BAB 6
PERHITUNGAN SAMBUNGAN PAKU KELING

6.1 Sambungan Paku untuk Batang Atas ( A1 s/d A8 )

Pmax = 13382,468 Kg
Sambungan profil 140.140.15
a. Menentukan . P.K

=2

=2

Tebal Rata rata plat yang disambung

2
10+15
2

= 25 mm
d

= 25 + 1 = 26 mm

b. Jumlah Paku Keling

Ngs

=
=

2 d
4

2 2,6
4

0,8 1600

= 13591,786
= d . s . tp

Ntp

= 2,6 . 1 . 1,6. 1600

= 6656 Kg

Ambil yang paling kecil n =

Pmax
Ntp

13591 ,786
6656

n = 2,042 ~ 3 buah
c. Penempatan Paku Keling
- Cukup tempat
t 2d
52 mm
- Cukup kuat
t 3d
78 mm

36

1 2 d
52 mm

2 1 d
39 mm
-

Cukup Rapat
t

4,5 d
117 mm

1 3 d
78 mm

2 3 d
78 mm
Ambil 1 = 60 mm

2 = 40 mm
t

= 80 mm

6.2 Sambungan Paku untuk Batang Bawah ( B1 s/d B8 )

Pmax = 11746,486 Kg
Sambungan profil 150.150.16
a. Menentukan . P.K

=2

=2

Tebal Rata rata plat yang disambung

2
10+16
2

= 26 mm
d

= 26 + 1 = 27 mm

b. Jumlah Paku Keling

Ngs

=
=

2 d
4

2 2,7
4

0,8 1600

= 14657,415

37

= d . s . tp

Ntp

= 2,7 . 1 . 2. 1600
= 8640 Kg
Ambil yang paling kecil n =

Pmax
Ntp

11746 ,486
6080

n = 1,93 ~ 2 buah
c. Penempatan Paku Keling
- Cukup tempat
t 2d
38 mm
- Cukup kuat
t 3d
57 mm

1 2 d
38 mm

2 1 d
28,5 mm
-

Cukup Rapat
t

7d
189 mm

1 3 d
57 mm

2 3 d
57 mm
Ambil 1 = 40 mm

2 = 30 mm
t

= 60 mm

38

6.3 Sambungan Paku untuk Batang Diagonal ( D1 s/d D6 )

Pmax = 2404,865 Kg
Sambungan profil 130.130.16
a. Menentukan . P.K

=2

=2

Tebal Rata rata plat yang disambung

2
10+16
2

= 26 mm
d

= 26 + 1 = 27 mm

b. Jumlah Paku Keling

Ngs

=
=

2 d
4

2 2,7
4

0,8 1600

= 14657,415 Kg
= d . s . tp

Ntp

= 2,7 . 1 . 2. 1600
= 8640 Kg
Ambil yang paling kecil n =

Pmax
Ntp

11746 ,486
8640

n = 1,359 ~ 2 buah
c. Penempatan Paku Keling
- Cukup tempat
t 2d
54 mm
- Cukup kuat
t 3d
81 mm

1 2 d
54 mm

2 1 d
40,5 mm

39

Cukup Rapat
t

4,5 d
121,5 mm

1 3 d
81 mm

2 3 d
81 mm
Ambil 1 = 60 mm

2 = 50 mm
t

= 90 mm

6.4 Sambungan Paku untuk Batang Tegak ( T1 s/d T7 )

Pmax = 6133,652 Kg
Sambungan profil 110.110.10
a. Menentukan . P.K

=2

=2

Tebal Rata rata plat yang disambung

2
10+10
2

= 20 mm
d

= 20 + 1 = 21 mm

b. Jumlah Paku Keling

Ngs

=
=

2 d
4

2 2,1
4

0,8 1600

= 8866,831 Kg

Ntp

= d . s . tp
= 2,1 . 1 . 2. 1600
= 6720 Kg

40

Ambil yang paling kecil n =

Pmax
Ntp

6133 ,652
6720

n = 0,913 ~ 1 buah
c. Penempatan Paku Keling
- Cukup tempat
t 2d
42 mm
- Cukup kuat
t 3d
63 mm

1 2 d
42 mm

2 1 d
31,5 mm
-

Cukup Rapat
t

7d
147 mm

1 3 d
63 mm

2 3 d
63 mm
Ambil 1 = 50 mm

2 = 40 mm
t

= 70 mm

41

BAB 7
PERHITUNGAN PELAT KOPEL

7.1 Pelat Kopel untuk Batang Atas ( A1 s/d A8 )

o Dengan profil 140.140.15
o P max = 13382,468 Kg
o Lk

= 5,303 m = 530,3 m

o d

= 26 mm

o ex = ey = 4,00

o b

= 80 mm

= 9 cm

= 60 mm

= 6 cm

= 40 mm

= 4 cm

= 280 mm = 28 cm
= 2 . ex +

hn

= 2. 4,00 + 0,8
= 8,8 cm

= 2 40

= 80 cm2

Ix = Iy = 723 cm4
Z1

= ex + s
=4 +.1
= 4,5 cm

Diambil 5 Medan
Lk

= 1,5 % Pmax

530,3

L1

= 106,06 cm

= 1,5 % 13382,468
= 200,737 Kg

= F . Z1
= 80 . 4,5
= 360 cm2

42

. .1

200,737 .360 .106,06

723

10600 ,913 .8,8

= 10600,913 Kg

= 15548,006

Tegangan Pelat

D.

= b .Ix =

200,737 . 360
28 .723

= 3,569 Kg/cm2

Tegangan Potongan Tunggal

R

= . +
= . 10600,913 + 15548,006
= 4704,518 Kg

Kontrol Tegangan

= .
=

4704,518
.2,6

0,8 . 1600

= 886,091 1280 Kg/cm2 ( Aman )

7.2 Pelat Kopel untuk Batang Bawah ( B1 s/d B8 )

o Dengan profil 150.150.16
o P max = 11746,486 Kg
o Lk

= 3,75 m = 375 m

o d

= 27 mm

o ex = ey = 4,29

o b

hn

= 60 mm

= 6 cm

= 40 mm

= 4 cm

= 30 mm

= 3 cm

= 150 mm = 15 cm
= 2 . ex +
= 2. 4,29 + 0,8
= 9,38 cm

43

= 45,7 cm2

Ix = Iy = 949 cm4

Z1

= ex + s
= 4,29 + . 1
= 4,79 cm

Diambil 3 Medan
Lk

= 1,5 % Pmax

375

L1

= 125 cm

= 1,5 % 11746,486
= 176,197 Kg

= F . Z1
= 45,7 . 4,79
= 218,903 cm2

. .1

176,197 .218,903 .125

949

5080 ,355 .9,38

6

= 5080,355 Kg

= 7942,288 Kg

Tegangan Pelat

D.

= b .Ix =

176,197 . 218,903
15 .949

= 2,709 Kg/cm2

Tegangan Potongan Tunggal

R

= . +
= . 5080,355 + 7942,288
= 2357,037 Kg

Kontrol Tegangan

= .
=

2357,037
.2,7

0,8 . 1600

= 411,669 1280 Kg/cm2 ( Aman )

44

7.3 Pelat Kopel untuk Batang Diagonal ( D1 s/d D6 )

o Dengan profil 130.130.16
o P max = 2404,865 Kg
o Lk

= 5,303 m = 530,3 m

o d

= 19 mm

o ex = ey = 3,80

o b

= 60 mm

= 6 cm

= 40 mm

= 4 cm

= 30 mm

= 3 cm

= 130 mm = 13 cm
= 2 . ex +

hn

= 2. 3,80 + 0,8
= 8,4 cm
= 2 39,3 = 78,6 cm2

Ix = Iy = 605 cm4

Z1

= ex + s
= 3,80 + . 1
= 4,3 cm

Diambil 3 Medan
Lk

= 1,5 % Pmax

530,3

L1

= 176,767 cm

= 1,5 % 2404,865
= 36,073 Kg

= F . Z1
= 78,6 . 4,3
= 337,98 cm2

. .1

36,073 .337,98 .176,767

605

= 3562,206 Kg

45

3562 ,206 .8,4

6

= 4987,088

Tegangan Plat

D.

= b .Ix =

36,073 . 337,98
13 .605

= 1,550 Kg/cm2

Tegangan Potongan Tunggal

R

= . +
= . 3562,206 + 4987,088
= 1532,163 Kg

Kontrol Tegangan

= .
=

1532,163
.1,9

0,8 . 1600

= 540,390 1280 Kg/cm2 ( Aman )

7.4 Pelat Kopel untuk Batang Tegak ( T1 s/d T7 )

o Dengan profil 110.110.10
o P max = 6133,652 Kg
o Lk

= 7,5 m = 750 m

o d

= 21 mm

o ex = ey = 3,07

o b

hn

= 70 mm

= 7 cm

= 50 mm

= 5 cm

= 40 mm

= 4 cm

= 110 mm = 11 cm
= 2 . ex +
= 2. 3,07 + 0,8
= 6,94 cm

= 21,2 cm2

Ix = Iy = 239 cm4

46

Z1

= ex + s
= 3,07 + . 1
= 3,57 cm

Diambil 5 Medan
Lk

= 1,5 % Pmax

750

L1

= 150 cm

= 1,5 % 6133,652
= 92,005 Kg

= F . Z1
= 21,2 . 3,57
= 75,684 cm2

. .1

92,005 .75,684 .150

239

4370 ,276 .6,94

6

= 4370,276 Kg

= 5054,953 Kg

Tegangan Pelat

D.

= b .Ix =

92,005 . 75,684
11 .239

= 2,649 Kg/cm2

Tegangan Potongan Tunggal

R

= . +
= . 4370,276 + 5054,953
= 1670,551 Kg

Kontrol Tegangan

= .
=

1670,551
.2,1

0,8 . 1600

= 482,316 1280 Kg/cm2 ( Aman )

47

BAB 8
LENDUTAN KONSTRUKSI
Batang

F = 2.F1

L (m)

( cm2 )

( cm2 )

A1

5,303

40

80

13,258

13382,468

0,707

125439,306

A2

5,303

40

80

13,258

11534,243

0,707

108115,143

A3

5,303

40

80

13,258

9686,057

0,707

90791,345

A4

5,303

40

80

13,258

7837,918

0,707

73467,988

A5

5,303

40

80

13,258

7392,466

0,707

69292,585

A6

5,303

40

80

13,258

9546,605

0,707

89484,205

A7

5,303

40

80

13,258

11088,791

0,707

103939,740

A8

5,303

40

80

13,258

12937,016

0,707

121263,903

B1

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

11746,486

B2

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

11746,486

B3

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

10045,457

B4

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

8345,21

B5

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

7636,5

B6

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

8628,537

B7

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

9620,356

B8

3,75

45,7

91,4

8,206

9620,356

D1

5,303

39,3

78,6

13,494

2404,865

0,707

22943,033

D2

8,385

39,3

78,6

21,336

3802,496

0,707

57358,949

D3

11,859

39,3

78,6

30,176

5377,696

0,707

114730,089

D4

11,859

39,3

78,6

30,176

5128,861

0,707

109421,336

D5

8,385

39,3

78,6

21,336

3626,415

0,707

54702,846

D6

5,303

39,3

78,6

13,494

2293,502

0,707

21880,601

T1

3,75

21,2

42,4

17,689

0,707

T2

7,5

21,2

42,4

35,377

393,728

0,707

9847,743

T3

11,25

21,2

42,4

53,066

3401,139

0,707

127602,783

T4

15

21,2

42,4

70,755

6133,653

0,707

306828,539

T5

11,25

21,2

42,4

53,066

3243,648

0,707

127602,783

Batang

L/F

48

Gaya Batang

L/F.B.Sin

F1

No

(Kg)

Sin

(Kg/cm2)

T6

7,5

21,2

42,4

35,377

1621,782

0,707

9847,743

T7

3,75

21,2

42,4

17,689

0,707

1744560,66

Lendutan yang terjadi :

L/F B Sin = 1744560,66 Kg/cm2

= 2,1 106

= 30 m = 3000 cm

=
=

L/F B Sin

1744560 ,66
2,1 106

= 0,831

1
500
1

500

.L

. 3000

6,0 Aman !

Jadi lendutan yang ditinjau aman

49

50