Example 5

EX 5 1

FloSystem User Course Gaslift Design and Analysis

Gaslift Design

EX 5 2

Overview A Gaslift design for a well that does not flow naturally Select Data Preparation and check :
Reservoir data Fluid data Deviation data - Well data Equipment Data - Well Data

Reservoir Data
Enter Reservoir Data Fluid Type is Black Oil Entry Model is Manual
PI = 1.3 STB/day/psia IPR model = Vogel Reservoir Pressure = 5100 psia Reservoir Temperature = 230 F API = 27.5 GOR = 320 Water cut = 20 % Gas specific gravity = 0.74 Water salinity = 200 kppm

EX 5 3

Fluid Parameters for Black Oil

Deviation Data

EX 5 4

Equipment Data

EX 5 5

Analysis : Operating Point

EX 5 6

No operating point: Natural flow

EX 5 7

Gaslift Data

EX 5 8

Select Data Preparation - Gaslift Data Use the following design parameters :
Casing Injection Pressure = 1200 psia Gas Specific Gravity = 0.65 Differential pressure across the Valve = 100 psia Lift gas injection rate 1.5 MMscf/day Deepest point of injection = 40 ft above tubing shoe

These are the minimum data to calculate the Operating Point for the Deepest Point of Injection

Gaslift Design : Deepest Injection Point

EX 5 9

Gaslift Design Rate 2513 STB/day

EX 5 10

Pressure vs Depth
Injection Depth: 8120 ft TVD

EX 5 11

Gaslift Design

EX 5 12

The design parameters used gives :

Liquid rate = 2513 STB/day Oil rate = 2010 STB/day Water rate = 503 STB/day Gaslift Valve Depth at 8121 ft. for given Qgi, CHP.

Sensitivity studies can now be made

gaslift injection rate 1.5, 2, 2.5 MMscf/day etc. water cut increasing to 20, 30, 50, 70 % etc.

At this stage the design parameters

could also be revised (e.g. Casing injection pressure, wellhead pressure)

Sensitivity of lift gas injection rate

EX 5 13

Note Payback Ratio

Sensitivity of an increasing water cut EX 5 14

Gaslift Design : Final Parameters

EX 5 15

The final parameters for the optimum design will depend of the actual operating restrictions. The initial lift gas injection rate, casing injection pressure and valve differential pressure will be used for the Gaslift Design

Select Analysis - Gaslift Design....

Revise the parameters again and set the top node or Christmas tree pressure and the specific gravity of the fluid in the annulus

Gaslift Design.... EX 5 16

Sizing... Design Margins...

Design

Gaslift Design....

EX 5 17

When click the Design button First: The temperature profile is calculated using the model selected Objective tubing flowing gradient is computed top down The gas is forced at the specified MD of injection (Data Preparation-Gaslift data...) Second: Space unloading valves and define operating valves. Below operating valve space dummy valves according to minimum spacing

Design Margins....
Casing Controlled Valves + Valve Number

EX 5 18

Casing Controlled Valves and Valve Number

Additionally The fluid in the annulus is brine of 0.45 psi/ft Minimum valve spacing below the operating valve = 450 ft. (100 psi)

Gaslift Design...
Design Margins...

EX 5 19

Margin at valve 1

Kick off Pressure

Increment per valve Casing closing pressure margin

Gaslift Design...
Gaslift Valves Spacing

EX 5 20

Gaslift Design...
Gaslift Valves Spacing

EX 5 21
Operating Valve with all design margins

Minimum valve spacing

Design Operating valve

Gaslift Design...
Spacing of Design Operating Valve

EX 5 22

The position of the Design Operating valve depends if the spacing finds the following constraints: 1. Next position less than minimum valve spacing Last valve is marked as Operating valve and valve spacing below equal to minimum spacing. The Design Operating valve is marked at depth with enough differential pressure (relative to uncorrected tubing pressure)

Gaslift Design...
Spacing of Design Operating Valve EX

5 23

2. Pcasing- Ptubing< differential pressure Move up until it reaches a depth where the differential pressure is met The new position is the Design operating valve if spacing greater than minimum valve spacing If the new position is less than minimum valve spacing the Design Operating valve is marked at the valve above

Gaslift Design...
Spacing of Design Operating Valve EX

5 24

3. Next position is below Max MD of injection The Design Operating valve will be positioned at Max Md provided Pcasing-Ptubing> valve differential pressure If Pcasing-Ptubing<differential pressure then move up until the differential criterion is met
Mark next position as the Design operating valve provided spacing is greater than minimum valve spacing If spacing is less than minimum valve spacing then mark the valve above as the Design Operating valve

Gaslift Design Results

EX 5 25

Active valves 6 and dummy valves 12 5 unloading valves 1 operating valve :

Valve Depth Casing Pressure Tubing Pressure Temperature = 7621 ft TVD (8068 ft MD) = 1300 psia = 1195 psia = 212.4 oF

12 Dummy valves below the operating valve spaced at 450 ft (TVD)

Gaslift Design Results

EX 5 26

A new casing injection operating pressure of 1131 psia can be selected However this new injection pressure will give a liquid rate = 2434 STB/day because If the casing injection pressure is kept at 1200 psi, then the liquid rate = 2491 STB/day (compared with design value of 2513 STB/day)

Sizing.... Facility EX 5 27
1. Port Size calculation using the Thornhill Craver equation. 2. Opening and Closing pressures computation for each valve 3. Dome and Test Rack Opening pressures computation for each valve 4. Valve type selection :
Gas Charged Spring Orifice

Sizing....Facility

EX 5 28
Gaslift Design... results transferred to Sizing...:
Gaslift rate Valve depths Wellbore temperature Tubing transfer pressure Pt Casing pressure Pvo Column name Qgi MD and TVD Temp P tubing P open valve

Sizing.... Facility 1. Port Size

Valve type and Port Size

EX 5 29

Critical Flow Flag

Pvo
Pt

Sizing.... Facility

1. Port Size

EX 5 30

Thornhill-Craver is solved with: Pt (downstream pressure) Pvo (upstream pressure) Temp Qgi Discharge coefficient (Disch Coeff column) default value is 0.865 All these values can be edited independent of the previous gaslift design results The column Crit shows whether the valve is on critical flow

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures

EX 5 31

Two methods to determine Opening and Closing pressures: A. Use Pvo (from Gaslift Design) B. Specify a surface closing pressure Psc
(P close surf, column)

Update ratio R = tubing port area /bellows area R in the order of 0.1 i.e. most of the bellows feel the casing pressure

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures

EX 5 32

A. Use Pvo by setting NO in Calc by P close spreadsheet column B. Use P close surf by setting YES in Calc by P close spreadsheet column

Select calculation method

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures

EX 5 33

A. Use Pvo: The Dome pressure is calculated from: Pd = Pvo(1- R)+Pt(R) The Valve Closing pressure Pvc is equal to Pd.
Pd & Pc valve column in spreadsheet

The surface Closing pressure Psc follows by correcting Pvc for the gas gradient
P close surf column in spreadsheet

The surface Opening pressure Pso follows by correcting Pvo for the gas gradient

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures
Psc Pvc

EX 5 34
Pvo Pso

Pt

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures

EX 5 35

B. Use P close surf (Psc) Enter the Psc in the spreadsheet (e.g. 1300 for the first valve) The Pvc is computed by using the gas gradient and Psc. By definition this is the in-situ dome pressure Pd
Pd & Pc valve column in spreadsheet

The valve Opening pressure Pvo is calculated from Pd, R and Pt: Pvo= (Pd-Pt*R) /(1-R)
P open valve column P open surf (Pso) follows by correcting Pvo for the gas gradient

Sizing.... Casing controlled 2. Opening and Closing

pressures
B. Use P close surf (Psc) Yes Psc

EX 5 36

Sizing.... Casing controlled 3. Pd and TRO opening

pressures

EX 5 37

The in-situ (Pvo, Pvc) and surface (Psc, Pso) and the dome pressure (Pd) have been calculated at the valve temperature Pd is converted to its value at 60 oF
P dome at 60 oF column

The Test Rack Opening TRO is derived from: TRO= (Pdome at 60oF - 14.65*R) /(1-R)

Sizing.... Casing controlled 3. Pd and TRO

opening pressure
P dome at 60F Pd at valve Temp

EX 5 38
TRO

Gaslift Design Summary

EX 5 39

Example of Gaslift design for a well that does not flow naturally Design Margins
Casing-controlled valves Fluid-controlled valves

Sizing Facility
Port size Opening and closing pressures Dome and Test Rack Opening pressure Valve type selection