URBAN SPRAWL, GREEN BELT POLICIES AND BROWNFIELD SITE 1 List at least three reasons to explain why many

people prefer to relocate from the inner city to the outer suburbs. - more space - healthier environment due to pollution in the city - lower crime rates 2 Define each of the following terms: urban sprawl -expansion of low-density development green belt -land that is protected from unnecessary development by the local council brownfield site -area of unused or derelict land 3 Copy out the statement below, then refer to Figure 1 to fill in the blanks. By 2021, ribbons of urban development may grow out from major communication lines or rings around existing urban areas if the government does not act soon. Nearby commuter towns such as Guildford, Crawley and Ashford are in danger of becoming one vast urban sprawl. One town to the south-east of London may have to house another 100,000 people by the year 2016 this is the Kentish town of Ashford Its proximity to the Channel Tunnel rail link explains its success. Along the south coast, seaside towns such Hastings, Eastbourne, Brighton and Worthing are all expected to expand as London commuters and retired people opt to move there. 4 Refer to the text, along with Figures 2, 3 and 4. (a) Explain why rural areas in south-east England are in danger of further creeping urban sprawl between now and 2021. Firstly, the migration of poorer populations contribute, most prefer moving in to towns close to London, e.g. Ashford. Secondly is the out-migration of richer populations to the suburbs. Thirdly, the lifestyle changes of the British people, namely a 1999 average 9.9 years of marriage, will require 2 homes for a single household. (b) Describe the possible negative impact of urban sprawl on south- east England by the year 2021 if current trends continue. The land lost in some places, e.g. The Weald of Sussex and Kent that was once 95% woodlands, which supported flourishing wildlife, is now 95% urban. By the loss of unoccupied space, those who live in the new towns congest the old and new roads with countless vehicles. Since 1997, a 27% increase in cars was observed, even more are being driven onto the roads at every moment 5 The governments Urban Task Force for England and Wales published its report in 1999.

(a) Outline the Urban Task Forces main suggestions. The Urban Task Force focuses on the brownfield sites of the UK; many suggestions may be enforced into law. 60% plus of the 4.4 million new houses must be built within preexisting urban areas of brownfield sites, new houses must be build in higher density (e.g. no car space allocated) and the people who chose to live on redeveloped brownfield sites will be offered sorts of tax incentive. A survey was done to acquire the location of possible brownfield development sites. Space for 710,000 homes has already been identified, although northern towns and cities, the greatest demand is in the southeast.