BI TP CHNG HALOGEN

Dng I: Vit PTHH

Cu 1: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln lt cho cc cht sau tc !ng "#i $lo% &r'% (') a) *% +a% ,-% .g% &a% /l% 01% $a% 2n% $u% 3'% 3'45 c) *43(6 t7 th8ng)% *43(6 9777$)% +a43% $a(43)'% *&r% +a&r% +a(% *(% .g&r'% $a&r'% &a&r' Cu 2: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln lt cho cc cht sau tc !ng "#i 3$l% 3&r) a) *% +a% ,-% .g% &a% /l% 01% $a% 2n% $u% 3'5 -) *'4% +a'4% ,-'4% .g4% &a4% /l'4:% 01'4:% $a4% 2n4% 014% $u4 c) *'$4:% +a'$4:% ,-'$4:% .g$4:% &a$4:% $a$4:% /g+4: ) *43% +a43% ,-43% .g(43)'% &a(43)'% /l(43):% 01(43)'% $a(43)'% 2n(43)'% $u(43)' 1) .n4'% *.n4;% *'$r'4< Cu 3: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra cho cc s => sau) a) 3$l $l' 01$l: +a$l 3$l $u$l' /g$l -) *.n4;$l'3$l 01$l: /g$l $l'&r'('2n(' 2n(43)' c) *$l $l'*$l4*$l4:*$l4;*$l*+4: ) $l'*$l4:*$l $l'$a($l4)'$a$l'$l'4' 1) *.n4; $l' *$l4: *$l $l' 3$l 01$l' 01$l: 01(43): ?) $a$l' +a$l 3$l $l' $a4$l' $a$4: $a$l' +a$l +a$l4 g) *( (' 3( 3$l *$l $l' 3$@4 4' $l' &r' (' h) *.n4; A $l' A 3$l A01$l' A /g$l A /g i) 3$l A $l'A 01$l: A 01(43): A 01'(B4;): C)3$l A $l' A +a$l A 3$l A $u$l' A /g$l A /g k) .n4' A $l' A *$l4: A *$l A 3$l A $l' A $lorua "i Cu : Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c) khi ln lt cho cc cDp cht sau tc !ng "#i nhau) a) +a$l E 2n&r' 1) 3&r E +a( i) /g+4: E 2n&r' F) 3$l E 01(43)' -) *$l E /g+4: ?) $uB4; E *( C) G-(+4:)' E 2n&r' n) 3$l E 014 c) +a$l E (' g) *&r E $l' k) *( E $l' o) 3$l E $a$4: ) *0 E /g+4: h) 3&r E +a43 l) *&r E (' p) 3$l E *'B4: Cu !: B!c khH $l' Iua ung Jch +a'$4: thy c khH $4' thot ra5 3Ky "it GL33 cMa cc phn ng xy ra5

Dng 2: N"#n $it:

$Nu 9) +hOn -it cc lP Ft nhKn =Qng cc ung Jch sau) 9) *hRng gi#i hSn thuTc thU a) *43% +a$l% 3$l -) *43% +a$l% 3$l% +a+4: c) +a43% +a$l% 3$l% +a+4:% *( ) +a43% +a$l% $uB4;% /g+4: 1) +a43% 3$l% .g&r'% ('% h> tinh -Vt?) +a43% 3$l% $uB4;% 3(% 3+4: ') $hW Xng 9 thuTc thU a) *(% +a$l% 3+4: -) *&r% 2n('% 3$l% .g(+4:)' c) $a('% /g+4:% 3g(+4:)'% 3( ) *(% +a$l% .g(+4:)'% 3g$l' :)*hRng Xng thYF thuTc thU a) *43% $u$l'% 3$l% 2n&r' -) +a43% 3$l% $u(+4:)'% /l$l: c) *43% *$l% $uB4;% /g+4: ) 3g$l'% *(, /g+4:% +a'$4:

Dng 3: T%n" t&'n t"(& )"*+ng t,-n" "./ "01

Cu 1: 3oZ tan hoZn toZn [ gaF $u4 "Zo lng "\a =M ;77Fl ung Jch 3$l a) "it cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra] -) LHnh n>ng =V Fol axit =K Xng] c) LHnh khTi lng Fui tSo thZnh sau phn ng] Cu 2: $ho 9%^[ gaF -Vt 01 "Zo 977 Fl ung Jch $u$l' a) Vit phng trnh phn ng ] - LHnh n>ng =V Fol $u$l' =K Xng] c) LHnh n>ng =V Fol_l cMa cht trong ung Jch sau phn ng (coi nh th tch dd khng thay )5 Cu 3: 3oZ tan hoZn toZn ` gaF 01'4: -ang 3$l 7%b. (=ktc)5 a) LHnh khTi lng FuTi thu =c]

-) LHnh thc tHch axit =K Xng] c) LHnh n>ng =V Fol_l cMa cht trong sau phn ng (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k)5 Cu : $ho Fl ung Jch 3$l 9%; . phn ng "#i 9[ gaF $u4 thu =c ung Jch /5 dc =Jnh) a) Lhc tHch axit =K Xng] -) *hTi lng "Z n>ng =V Fol_lit cht trong ung Jch / 5 Cu !: 3oZ tan hoZn toZn b:%:[ gaF 01:4; -ang ung Jch 3$l 7%b.5 a) LHnh khTi lng FuTi thu =c] -) LHnh thc tHch axit =K Xng] c) LHnh n>ng =V Fol_l cMa cc cht trong ung Jch sau phn ng (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k)5 Cu 2: $ho [%7b g hen hp g>F 2n "Z /l tc !ng "\a =M "#i F gaF 3$l 97f cR cSn sau phn ng thu =c 9:%9b g FuTi khan5 LF gi trJ cMa F5 Cu 3: $ho '%';g sgt tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l 5 *hH sinh ra cho Iua Tng =Qng ;%'g $u4 =c =un nng5 dc =Jnh khTi lng cMa cht rgn 6 trong Tng sau phn ng5 Cu 4: +hhng thanh kiF c khTi lng :7%7g "Zo 977 Fl ung Jch /g+4 : 7%9.5 Ghn ng kt thhc% ly thanh kiF ra rUa nhj% sy khR cNn nDng F (g)5 LHnh khTi lng kiF =K tan "Zo ung Jch "Z gi trJ F] Cu 5: $ho '%[g -Vt kiF "Zo 977 Fl ung Jch $u$l' 7%<b.5 @gc kk cho =n khi phn ng kt thhc5 dc =Jnh sT Fol cMa cc cht trong ung Jch thu =c5 Cu 16: lTt chy nhRF trong khH clo% nu thu =c 9:%:b gaF nhRF clorua5 LF khTi lng nhRF "Z thc tHch khH clo cn Xng5 Cu 11: '77g ung Jch /g+4: `%bf tc !ng "\a =M 9b7Fl 3$l5 LF n>ng =V Fol cMa 3$l5 Cu 12: $ho b%;g nhRF tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l th thc tHch khH hi=ro sinh ra 6 =ktc lZ -ao nhiYu] Cu 13: Lrong phmng thH nghinF c cc ha cht) $a4% 3'4% .n4'% axit 3'B4; <7f(op9%[9g_cF:) "Z +a$l5 3qi cn phi Xng nhrng cht g "Z "#i lng cht lZ -ao nhiYu =c =isu ch 'b;g clorua "Ri]

Dng : T%n" t&'n t"(& )"*+ng t,-n" "./ "01 7$8i t&'n 9*:ng ;*<
Cu 1: $ho b77 Fl ung Jch 3$l 9%; . phn ng "#i 9[ gaF $u4 thu =c ung Jch /5 dc =Jnh) *hTi lng "Z n>ng =V Fol_lit Fei cht trong ung Jch / 5 Cu 2: $ho b77 Fl ung Jch +a43 9%` . phn ng "#i b77 Fl ung Jch 01$l: 7%` . thu =c ung Jch / "Z cht rgn &5 dc =Jnh) *hTi lng cht rgn & "Z n>ng =V Fol_lit Fei cht trong ung Jch / 5 Cu 3: $ho 9%^[ gaF -Vt 01 "Zo 977 Fl ung Jch $u$l' 97f ( p9%9'g_Fl)5 a) Vit phng trnh phn ng ] -) LHnh n>ng =V Fol_l cMa cht trong ung Jch sau phn ng (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k)5 Cu : $ho [^%[g .n4' tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l =Dc% 5 otn khH thot ra =i "Zo b77Fl ung Jch +a43 ;. (6 nhint =V th8ng)5 a) Vit phng trnh ho hPc cMa cc phn ng xy ra5 -) dc =Jnh n>ng =V Fol cMa nhrng cht c trong ung Jch sau phn ng (th tch dd thay i khng ng k)5 Cu !: lu ung Jch cha 9g 3&r "Zo ung Jch cha 9g +a435 +hhng giy Iuv tHF "Zo ung Jch thu =c th giy Iuv tHF chuycn sang FZu nZo] V sao] Cu 2: LHnh khTi lng 3$l -J oxi ho -6i .n4'% -it rang khH $l' sinh ra trong phn ng = c thc =wy =c 9'%<g (' t\ ung Jch +a(5 Cu 3: $ho b7g 3$l tc !ng +a3$4: thu =c '%';lit khH 6 =ktc5 LF n>ng =V phn trxF cMa 3$l =K Xng] Cu 4: LrVn b7 Fl 3$l 7%9'. "#i b7 Fl +a43 7%9.5 LF n>ng =V Fol cc cht trong thu =c5 Cu 5: LrVn :77 Fl 3$l 7%7b. "#i '77 Fl +a43 a Fol_l5 LF n>ng =V Fol cc cht trong thu =c5 Cu 16: lu '77Fl 3$l 7%b. "Zo b77Fl $a(43)' 7%'.5 +hhng giy Iuv tHF "Zo thu =c th giy Iuv chuycn sang FZu nZo] Cu 11: $ho :77Fl FVt c hma tan b%`bg +a$l tc !ng "#i '77Fl c hma tan :;g /g+4:5 LF khTi lng kt tMa thu =c5

Dng 3: ='1 >?n" t@n

Cu 1: $ho ;%` gaF 9 kiF loSi , thuVc nhF ((/ tc !ng ht "#i ung Jch 3$l% thu =c ;%;` lHt khH hi=ro (=kc)5 95 Vit phng trnh ha hPc cMa phn ng xy ra "Z tHnh sT Fol hi=ro thu =c5 '5 dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi ,5

:5 LHnh khTi lng FuTi clorua khan thu =c5 Cu 2: $ho 7%^gaF FVt kiF loSi nhF ((/ tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l tSo ra '%'; lHt khH hi=ro (6 =ktc)5 dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi5 Cu 3: $ho <%` gaF kiF loSi nhF (/ tc !ng "#i 3$l th thy c '%'; lHt khH thot ra (=ktc)5 dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi5 Cu : *hi cho 9%' gaF FVt kiF loSi nhF ((/ tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l tSo ra 9%9' lHt khH hi=ro (6 =ktc)5 dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi5 Cu !: / lZ kiF loSi thuVc nhF ((/5 @y ;%` g / tc !ng "#i 3d thu =c 7%; g khH5 LF tYn / Cu 2: *hi cho :%::g FVt kiF loSi kisF tc !ng "#i 3$l th c 7%;`g khH hi ro thot ra5 $ho -it tYn kiF loSi kisF =5 Cu 3: $ho ;%`g FVt kiF loSi / thuVc nhF ((/ "Zo '77g ung Jch 3$l '7f th thu =c ;%;` lHt khH (=ktc)5 a5 dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi /5 -5 LHnh n>ng =V f cc cht trong ung Jch thu =c sau phn ng5 Cu 4: $ho 97%`g FVt kiF loSi , 6 nhF (((/ tc !ng ht b77 Fl ' 3$l thu =c 9:%;; lit khH (=ktc)5 a) dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi ,5 -) LF n>ng =V Fol_l ung Jch 3$l cn Xng5 Cu 5) $ho 9%:[b g FVt kiF loSi kisF d tan ht trong 3$l thu =c c khTi lng l#n hn 3$l =K Xng lZ 9%:: g5 LF tYn d5 Cu 16A *hi cho F (g) kiF loSi $anxi tc !ng hoZn toZn "#i 9<%^' lit khH d ' (=ktc) th thu =c ``%`g FuTi halog1nua5 /A Vit GLGy Sng tung Iut5 $A dc =Jnh cRng thc cht khH d' =K Xng5 1A LHnh gi trJ F5 Cu 11A lc hoZ tan hoZn toZn `%9g FVt kiF loSi thuVc nhF (((/ cn Xng ;b7 Fl ung Jch 3$l '%7.% thu =c ung Jch / "Z V lit khH 3' (=ktc)5 /A dc =Jnh nguyYn tU khTi cMa kiF loSi trYn% cho -it tYn cMa kiF loSi =5 $A LHnh gi trJ V5 1A LHnh n>ng =V Fol cMa ung Jch /% x1F nh thc tHch ung Jch thay =ui khRng =ng kc5 Cu 12: 3ma tan ;%'b g 9 FuTi halog1n cMa kiF loSi kisF "Zo /g+4: thu =c 9;%:b g kt tMa5 $L cMa FuTi lZ g] Cu 13: $ho FVt lng =n cht halog1n tc !ng ht "#i Fagi1 thu =c 9^g Fagi1 halog1nua5 $zng lng =n cht halog1n = tc !ng ht "#i nhRF tSo ra 9<%`g nhRF halog1nua5 dc =Jnh tYn halog1n trYn5 Cu 1 : d lZ nguyYn tT thuVc nhF halog1n5 4xit cao nht cha :`%<^f d " khTi lng5 LF tYn d5 Cu 1!: $ho `g oxit kiF loSi , 6 nhF ((/ tc !ng hoZn toZn "#i `77 Fl ung Jch 3$l 7%b.55 a) dc =Jnh tYn kiF loSi ,5 -) LHnh khTi lng FuTi tSo thZnh5 Cu 12: lc trung hma ht 9[g FVt hi=roxit cMa FVt kiF loSi nhF (/ cn Xng ht b77Fl ung Jch 3$l 7%`.5 LF cRng thc cMa hi=roxit trYn5 Cu 13: 4xit cao nht cMa nguyYn tT , c Sng ,'4<5 3p cht khH cMa n "#i 3i ro cha '%<;f hi ro "s khTi lng5 /A LF tYn ,5 $A +u cho 7%'b Fol =n cht cMa , tc !ng "#i hi ro ("\a =M) thu =c hp cht khH5 3ma tan khH nZy "Zo n#c thu =c '77 g ung Jch axit5 LHnh $f cMa ung Jch axit nZy5 Cu 14: $ho [%'g hen hp ' kiF loSi /% & thuVc nhF (/ tc !ng hoZn toZn "#i 3 '4 thu =c '%'; lHt (=ktc)5 dc =Jnh /% &5 &it /% & thuVc ' chu k liYn tip5 Cu 15: 3ma tan 9<; g hen hp ' FuTi cac-onat "Z sun?it cMa cXng FVt kiF loaJ kisF "Zo 3$l 5 LoZn -V khH thot ra =c hp th! tTi thicu -6i b77 Fl *43 : .5 LF tYn kiF lPai kisF5 Cu 26: $ho '%9'g FuTi cac-onat FVt kiF loSi ha trJ ( tc !ng "#i 3$l tSo ra ;;`Fl khH (6 =ktc)5 LF $L cMa FuTi5 Cu 21: $ho FVt FuTi kiF loSi halog1nua cha -it ha trJ "Zo n#c =c =c ung Jch d {+u ly 'b7Fl ung Jch d( cha '< gaF FuTi) cho "o /g+4: th thu =c b<%; gaF kt tMa {.Dt khc =inn phNn | ung Jch d trn th c [%; gaF kiF loSi -F 6 catot dc =Jnh cRng thc FuTi

Cu 22: $ho a gaF 9 FuTi =c cu tSo t\ FVt kiF loSi . c ha trJ ' "Z FVt halog1n x "o n#c r>i chia ung Jch lF ' phn -ang nhau) {Ghn 9) cho tc !ng "#i ung Jch /g+4: th thu =c b%<;g kt tMa {Ghn ') &q 9 thanh kiF loSi sgt "o5 Bau khi phn ng kt thc th khTi lng sgt txng thYF 7%9[g a) dc =Jnh cRng thc FuTi -an =u -) LHnh khTi lng a gaF FuTi = ng Cu 23: $ho 9%' gaF kl , c ha trJ khRng =ui cn "\a =M '77 gaF 3$l af thu =c '79%9 gaF / / dc =Jnh tYn kl, & LHnh a " cf 3$l " f cc cht tan trong / Cu 2 : $ho <%:g khH hi roclorua "Zo ^'%< ml n#c =c axit / a) LHnh $f } $. cMa / thu =c 5 oung Jch axit / thu =c cho ht "Zo 9[7g +a43 97f5 oung Jch thu =c c tHnh cht g] (axit% -a~8% trung hJa)5 LHnh $f cc cht trong sau phn ng5 ) LHnh thc tHch /g+4 : 7%b. cn =c tc !ng "\a =M "#i 97g axit / trYn5 Cu 2!: 3ma tan hoZn toZn 9%<g hh d g>F 2n "Z *@ (/) 6 phNn nhF chHnh nhF ' "Zo /xit 3$l thu =c 7%[<' lit khH 3' ( =ktc )5 .Dt khc nu hma tan ht 9%^g (/) th Xng khRng ht '77Fl 3$l 7%b.5 LF tYn /5

-) c)

LHnh khTi lng

3'B4; ^`f "Z FuTi +a$l cn =c =isu ch lng khH hi roclorua trYn5

Dng : B8i t&'n "Bn ":)

Cu 1: $ho 9[g hen hp d g>F 01 "Z .g tc !ng hoZn toZn "#i ung Jch 3$l th thu =c `%^[lit khH 6 =ktc5 VOy khTi lng cMa 01 "Z .g trong hen hp trYn ln lt lZ) $ho 7%b[g hen hp / g>F .g "Z $u tc !ng "#i ung Jch 3$l 5Bau phn ng thu =c '';Fl khH 3' =kc5 a) Vit phng trnh phn ng "Z xc =Jnh "ai trm cMa t\ng cht trong phn ng -) LHnh thZnh phn f cMa t\ng kiF loSi trong hen hp -an =u Cu 2: lc hma tan hoZn toZn hen hp g>F 2n "Z 2n4 ng8i ta phi ung "\a ht [77Fl 3$l 9. "Z thu =c 7%'Fol khH 3' 5 a) Vit phng trnh ha hPc cMa phn ng xy ra% cho -it phn ng nZo lZ phn ng oxh{khU5 -) dc =Jnh khTi lng cMa 2n "Z 2n4 trong hen hp -an =u5 Cu 3: 3oZ tan 97g hen hp -Vt 01 "Z 01'4: -ang FVt lng 3$l "\a =M% thu =c 9%9' l hi ro (=ktc) "Z d5 $ho d tc !ng "#i +a43 ly 5 @y kt tMa thu =c =1F nung trong khRng khH =n khTi lng khRng =ui thu =c cht rgn 5 LF khTi lng cht rgn 5 Cu 3oZ tan '`%` gaF hen hp -Vt 01'4: "Z $u -ang 3$l (khRng c oxi)% =n khi phn ng hoZn toZn cmn [%; gaF $u khRng tan5 LF khTi lng 01'4: "Z $u trong hen hp -an =u5 Cu ! $ho hen hp g>F : kiF loSi /% &% $ c khTi lng lZ '%9< gaF tc !ng ht "#i ung Jch 3$l tSo ra 9%[` lHt 3' 6 =ktc5 LF khTi lng FuTi clorua trong ung Jch sau phn ng5 Cu 2: $ho 9;%;g hen hp d g>F $u "Z $u4 tc !ng "\a =M "#i b77Fl ung Jch 3$l 7%;.5 VOy khTi lng cMa =>ng trong hen hp trYn lZ) Cu 3: 3oZ tan hoZn toZn 9%:[ gaF hen hp $a4 "Z $u4 "Zo lng "\a =M ;77Fl ung Jch 3$l 7%9. a) "it cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra] -) LHnh thZnh phn f khTi lng Fei cht trong hen hp] c) LHnh khTi lng cc Fui tSo thZnh sau phn ng] Cu 4: 3oZ tan hoZn toZn ` gaF hen hp 01 "Z 01'4: -ang ung Jch 3$l 97f (d=1,1 g/ml) sau phn ng thu =c '%'; lit 3' (=ktc)5 a) LHnh thZnh phn f khTi lng cc cht trong hen hp] -) LHnh n>ng =V Fol_l cMa cc cht trong ung Jch sau phn ng (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k)5 Cu 5: 3ma tan ht F gaF hh / g>F c 01 "Z FVt *@ (.) -ang 3$l thu =c 9%77` lit 3 ' ( =ktc ) "Z &5 $R cSn & thu =c ;%b<bg hh FuTi khan5 LF gi trJ cMa F5 Cu 16: 3ma tan hoZn toZn '%9<bg hh g>F : kiF loSi ) 2n% .g % 01 "Zo 3$l thy thot ra 9%:;; lit khH 3' ( =ktc )5 $R cSn thu =c sau p th =c F gaF FuTi khan5 i trJ cMa F lZ -ao nhYu]