Utrecht Workshop - Final Report of 14apr14

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands
Report on 20 February Utrecht Cities Wor shop

!his pro"ect aims to inform national and local go#ernment leaders and planners about the present state of the art in planning and integrating carsharing into the broader sustainable transport and emerging new mobility pattern of the city$
eric britton ecoplan international
)ennisplatform *er eer en *er #oer +)p**, 0%&Apr&'(
Final Report of 16 April 2014
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-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report
The three sisters of carsharing: users, suppliers, and local government.
Abstract/
!he 20 February wor shop was organi0ed by the )p** in Utrecht with the ob"ecti#e of bringing together representati#es of a cross&section of .utch municipalities to discuss their own current practices in the sector and to hear their #iews on the e#entual role of national go#ernment in supporting more and better carsharing in their communities$ !he )p** pro"ect behind this wor shop got underway in the closing months of 20'1 and aims to inform national and local go#ernment leaders and planners about the present state of the art in planning and integrating carsharing into the broader sustainable transport and emerging new mobility patterns of the 2'st century$ !his update is important because of the e2plosi#e growth3 including new and unfamiliar forms of carsharing$ !he present report summari0es the discussions and conclusions of the group$ !he wor shop discussed a certain number of pro#isional recommendations and suggestions for policyma ers which will be found in the latter pages of the document$ 4ne participant summari0ed the situation as it is gradually unfolding around the country as 5A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands5$ We ha#e ta en this stri ing statement as the theme of the wor shop$'
)p**/ +)ennisplatform *er eer en *er#oer &&)nowledge 6latform for Mobility and
!ransport,$ 7upports local and regional authorities in their efforts to de#elop and implement mobility and transport policy by pro#iding practical now&how3 de#eloping reports and guidelines3 arranging meetings3 and setting up networ s$ Contact/ Friso Met0$ 6ro"ect manager mobiliteits management$ 8aarbeursplein 223 Utrecht http/99www$ p##$nl ! :1' +0,10 2;' <20;$ 7 ype/ p#met0
=co6lan/ An independent ad#isory networ and N-4 pro#iding strategic counsel for
go#ernment and industry in the areas of economic de#elopment3 sustainable transport and sustainable cities$ 7peciali0ing in the >politics of transportation5 and supported by a distinguished ?nternational Ad#isory Council of outstanding figures in the field$ Contact/ =ric @ritton3 M.$ =co6lan ?nternational$ ;3 rue -abillot3 A;001 Byon France Cttp/99worldstreets$wordpress$com9 !$ :11A D0<< 0%<% 7 ype/ newmobility
' !he author of this report is )p**Es consultant for this pro"ect3 =ric @ritton$ ?f the reader encounters any errors or significant omissions in these pages they are the responsibility of the author and not of the )p**$ Readers who care to share their corrections or additions are in#ited to contact him directly at eric$brittonFecoplan$org$
Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014
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Notes fo rfinai0ation
4 n e G s o l u t i o n H a n d wh a t t h a t m e a n s B o c a l g o # e r n m e n t m a yo r s a r e # e r y b u s y 3 3 7 o
Remo#e all non respondents 7 i n b l e c h a p t e r o n c o m m e n t s 3 6 e r h a p s R e s u m e o f R! discussions
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!he 20 February 20'( Utrecht wor shop was organi0ed by the )ennisplatform *er eer en *er#oer +)p**, in cooperation with =co6lan ?nternational to bring together representati#es of a cross&section of .utch cities to e2plore and share their #iews on some of the concepts and ideas being set forth in the !oing "utch# $ity $arshare %trategies pro"ect that got underway in late 20'1$ !he core thesis of the pro"ect behind the wor shop is that +a, carsharing is still a relati#ely small but important +and fast&growing, complementary mobility option$ And that +b, the most important partner for enabling carsharing to reali0e its full potential is local go#ernment$ !he )p** called this first wor shop to gather the reactions and counsel of a cross& section of local go#ernment representati#es concerning ways in which national go#ernment could be useful in creating a more conduci#e en#ironment to encourage and support more and better carsharing3 as part of the o#erall New Mobility pac age of ser#ices$ ?t is e2pected that a second worship will be organi0ed shortly that will also bring in a cross&section of carshare operators3 along with other organi0ations and agencies concerned$ !he wor shop participants were in#ited to submit not only written comments and corrections on the wor ing draft circulated on % March3 but also to indicate what they thin are the main areas which the pro"ect team should be concentrating on in the ne2t stage of this collaborati#e pro"ect$ ?t is anticipated that this report will be widely distributed to all wor shop participants and concerned throughout the Netherlands3 and of course local go#ernment authorities and others directly in#ol#ed in ad#ancing the carsharing agenda$ !he report will be made a#ailable in .utch3 with an international #ersion in =nglish$
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4#er the last decade carsharing has increasingly pro#en itself to be an effecti#e mobility option3 ser#ing for well more than '000 cities on all continents$ A ey element of an integrated mobility strategy for people and for cities3 it is a thrifty transport mode and largely self&financing$ 6eople choose to carshare not because they are obliged to3 but because it offers a choice$ !hey do it because they see it as a better3 more economical way to get around for a portion of their trips$ 6roperly positioned it has shown that carsharing can offer significant potential for energy sa#ings3 pollution reduction3 space sa#ings on the street3 and reduced reIuirement for e2pensi#e public in#estments in infrastructure to support cars and9or con#entional public transport$ 7o carsharing definitely wor s$ At the same time howe#er by its nature it cannot be e2pected to accommodate more than a fraction of a percent of the total transport reIuirements of the city$ Cowe#er it should not be treated as an isolated mode or minor detail$ ?t must be understood as one part3 a critical part e#en3 of the global mobility pac age being brought online in leading city after city around the world to replace the totally unsustainable3 dominant 20th century practice of a no&choice car&based transportation system$ !he Netherlands can count itself among the world leaders when it comes to new ways of owning and using cars$ Carsharing got started in the Netherlands early and with a bang3 with the launching in ';%( of the Amsterdam Wit ar$ Wit ar was the worldEs first modern carsharing system3 offering low&cost3 clean3 shared3 independent city transport for more than (000 registered Amsterdamers from ';%( to ';<A$ !hus it is correct to say that the .utch were among the early in#entors of this inno#ati#e mobility concept and succeeded in putting it to good use in their day&to&day li#es for close to a decade$ @ut then3 lac ing support at the national and city le#el3 it suddenly came to an end$ After the disappearance of Wit ar it too the better part of two decades for carsharing to get bac on trac in the Netherlands$ 7tarting in the latter ';;0s a range of independent groups and entrepreneurs stepped in to pro#ide a new generation of transport ser#ices$ Ad#ancing to the point where things stand today/ namely something on the order of JD200 #ehicles collecti#ely ser#ing three Iuarters of all the municipalities in the country +up respecti#ely from %D; #ehicles3 with ''G national co#erage in 2002,$ Until recently this useful but uncon#entional transport ser#ice has been largely neglected by national go#ernments && and has for the most part been treated on an ad hoc basis3 if at all3 by the cities3 who are along with the carshareres themsel#es the primary beneficiaries and partners$ We call this past pattern >the age of neglect5$ !he Going Dutch: City Carshare Strategies pro"ect was launched in late 20'1 by the )p**Es Mobility Management program in cooperation with =co6lan ?nternational3 with the goal of stimulating a broad dialogue with local and national go#ernment on latest de#elopments in the fast&growing field of carsharing3 in an attempt to put this relati#ely recent concept into a broader strategic planning frame for the benefit of all$
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!his first wor shop on carsharing strategies for cities was organi0ed as an in#itational e#ent by )ennisplatform *er eer en *er#oer +)p**,$ ?t was held at )p** headIuarters at 8aarbeursplein 223 1D2' A6 Utrecht3 from '(00 hrs$ to '<00 hrs$ on 20 February 200($
'($00h Welcome K introduction round +Chair/ Cillie !alens3 )p**, '($'Dh Why this meeting +Marco Martens, '($10h >Carsharing and the city5 +=ric @ritton, 'D$00h .iscussion round 'D$10h &&& brea &&& 'A$00h ?nterme00o / >-ender K carsharing5 'A$'0h 7ummary K conclusions +by =ric @ritton, 'A$20h .iscussion round/ Role of go#ernments 'A$(0h .iscussion/ 7trategy3 dilemmas3 ne2t steps 'A$DDh Wrap up '%$00h .rin s and con#ersation
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6aul Al0er3 6ar stad3 Ceerlen Martien .as3 RW7 Beefomge#ing Martin -uit3 Rotterdam Roos Collenberg3 Wageningen 6eter 8orritsma3 )iM Ar"en )aptei"ns3 Ministry of ?nfrastructure and the =n#ironment ?ris )erremans3 Amsterdam Mari"n )i 3 Utrecht -eert )loppenburg Urgenda Buts e Bindeman3 Rotterdam Cenry Mentin 3 *ereniging #oor -edeeld Autogebrui 7andra Nap3 Utrecht3 Natuur en Milieu *incent 4#er#elde3 Auto .elen Lwolle W$ 7mits3 West Amsterdam 8an )ees *errest3 .elft Robert&8aap *oorn3 aef Florien #an de Windt3 Ministry of ?nfrastructure and the =n#ironment
6ro"ect 7ecretariat Friso Met03 6ro"ect Manager3 Mobility Management3 )p** Cillie !alens3 Wor shop Moderator3 )p** Marco Martens3 )p** Consultant3 =corys3 Rotterdam =ric @ritton3 Ad#isor3 =co6lan ?nternational3 6aris9Byon France
2 An e2cellent sign for the future of this program/ close to half of the participants were women$ !his in the #iew of the consultant is e2emplary practice when it comes to planning3 deciding and financing public initiati#es in public policy in the transport sector$ Unfortunately my e2perience in most parts of the world is that this is not only not a practice3 it is not e#en an issue worthy of consideration$
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!he core ob"ecti#e of the meeting was to gi#e the floor to representati#es of a range of .utch cities in order to ha#e their thought and suggestions on better ways to plan and support more and better carsharing in municipalities across the country$ $
Aim of the meeting/

Figure out how to deal with the se#eral #ery different forms of carsharing +e$g$3 Classic3 4ne&way3 6263 6ri#ate, Rele#ance of carsharing for sustainable transport H and the en#ironment Feedbac from and role of citiesN Role of the MinistryN
And actually/
?s carsharing really OgreenEN ?s 626 greenN ?s one&way greenN !he place of =*s in carsharing in the Netherlands Many unanswered IuestionsP
Current situation with carsharing in your municipality

Q operators9suppliers3 cars3 par ing spaces3 role and tas s of local go#ernment3 communication3 reIuests Cow do you define carsharing3 for legal and contractual purposes with suppliers Relation with carsharing operators$ Cow do you deal with them9 with allowing par ing spaceN What are the complaints3 problems that are occurringN Cow are they handledN .oes your city go#ernment and agencies ma e use of carsharing themsel#esN FutureN Ambitions3 bottlenec sN
What do you needN
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What does your city need to ha#e more and better carsharing +if anyN, What three things can national go#ernment or Ministry of !ransport do for youN Would it help to ha#e a detailed operational planning guide as a follow&up to present wor shop and first reportN
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Carsharing is not a detail$ ?t must be understood in larger systemic conte2t -lobal Warming fundamentalsH .imensions of challenge H ?ts ab"ect unattainability +today, H limits of our nowledge H 7o now whatN !ransport9-lobal Challenge H 20G of daily life/ Resources3 C423 time !ransport reform & the easiest 20G/3 ad#antages of inefficiency3 why and how !he Missing Bin / Why a percent of a percent is important Carsharing and democracy Carsharing as a learning system
& & J A short history of carsharingT !he Four Ages

!he >.ar Ages5 +';(D to ';;0, !he Bight Ages +';;0s, >Modern5 carsharing +2000 H 20'0,
1 E. Britton speaking notes from Carsharing and local government!
presentation, "#:$% & "':$%. (ost of these topics )ill *e covered in detail in the final report.
Page 10 of 32

!he future +is already upon us,
& & J Carsharing in cities

Why cities hold the ey to carsharing success !he age of indifference )nowledge and practice in cities today Cities compete +and how carsharing weighs in there, Cities and Carsharing/ )ey to the Future9strategies and pressure points
& & J -oing .utch +Report on program9intentions$ 7ee Abstract for introduction, & & J Carsharing and go#ernment +who is doing what in 20'(,
?nternational9=urope Netherlands9 ey institutions .utch cities
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!he introductory presentation opened up a number of topics for a free discussion of/ needs3 possibilities3 barriers3 dilemmas3 #isions3 strategies3 solutions and ne2t steps$ !he full )p** 6ower6oint presentation is a#ailable at https/99www$dropbo2$com9home9-oingG20.utch$ ?n the Netherlands today we recogni0e ( forms of carsharing3 di#ided into two main groups/
*perators +ith o+n fleet

o o !raditional carsharing 4ne&way carsharing
( 6repared initially by Friso Met0 and presented by Marco Martens
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A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands *perators +ithout fleet

o o 6eer&2&peer carsharing 6ri#ate initiati#es
7ince 200<3 the number of shared cars has grown about 2(G per year on a#erage3 and between 20'2 en 20'1 with <<G$ 6eer&2&peer carsharing was introduced in the Netherlands in 20'' and showed a rapid growth$
New forms of carsharing and shared mobility ser#ices are turning up all the time$ 4ne good e2ample is .ri#eMoby which allows you to ha#e a membership for a car3 instead of owning one$ .ri#eMoby includes 626D (also nown as person&to&person carsharing and peer&to& peer car rental, carsharing if you prefer3 see #ideo on http/99#imeo$com9%(A'1A'', and Wisselwagen +company carsharing,$ We anticipate many more initiati#es in the nearby future3 all based on ?C!3 big data3 smartphones3 etc$ and resulting in more efficient use of cars$ +see !egenlicht3 'A februari 20'(3 Coe ra en wi" de auto wi"t3 http/99tegenlicht$#pro$nl9afle#eringen920'1&20'(9hoe& ra en&wi"&de&auto& wi"t$html,$ ?n 20'13 @4*A- auto#erhuurbedri"#en +car rental, changed it name into @4*A- #erhuur& en deelautobedri"#en +rental and carsharing,$
D With 626 some of the usual di#iding lines between short&term car rental and carsharing tend to disappear or at least merge$ !his becomes #ery clear when it is time to create a national label for carsharing3 which fits in many ways uncomfortably with what happens with 626$
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Car rental companies are shifting towards carsharing3 li e Cert02(3 now also a#ailable in !he Netherlands,$ !he media are #ery positi#e about carsharing and write freIuently about the theme as it fits within bigger trends3 li e sharing3 shifting from products to ser#ices3 ?C!3 open data and young people losing interest in cars$ Carsharing is increasingly seen as young3 cool and fancy$ For go#ernments3 carsharing also fits in OtheirE trends3 li e/ Urban mobility policies tend to shift from accommodating cars and traffic$ ?nstead the focus is put towards creating attracti#e cities where itEs nice to be and to li#e$ !his trend is reflected in the =U attention for 7UM6s +7ustainable Urban Mobility 6lans,$ =nergy and climate targets$ For the Netherlands3 the =nergy agreement by the 7ocial =conomic @oard +7=R, is rele#ant$ Mobility is a topic within the agreement$ !he transport sector has to show a A0G reduction of C42 emissions by 20D0$ !he 7=R aims at '00$000 shared cars in 2020 with #ery low emissions on a#erage$ While itEs difficult to interpret this as a strict target3 itEs rele#ant that carsharing is mentioned as a solution$ Cities as well as the national go#ernment are starting to notice that carsharing is growing into something they ha#e to pay attention to$ !hatEs positi#e3 but it also comes with a myriad of Iuestions$ As ing and discussing these is why we are all here around this table today$
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+ said to people at the city: ,-hat )e need, it.s not money / it.s colla*oration,.
& @enoit Robert3 founder of MuebecEs successful Communauto carshare ser#ice founded in ';;%$ & & J Clic here for source$
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7ince all of the participants had e2tensi#e personal and professional nowledge about the carshare sector and of course about the status and progress of carsharing in their cities3 the wor shop was able to mo#e Iuic ly into the short presentations by each of the people around the table reporting on the position of their city or agency on these matters$ !he participants ga#e e#idence of a balanced critical sense in the discussion3 reporting from a #ariety of perspecti#es$ All wor in the field of transportation3 en#ironment3 and city go#ernment3 matters central to the concerns of the wor shop$$ We en"oyed an e2cellent collaborati#e en#ironment and made good progress in coming to a common understanding of the issues and e#entual ne2t steps$ !he gender mi2 was close to D0G and the discussions were li#ely3 open and generally e#enly balanced between female and male participants$ +!his is not always the case in transport policy discussions3 though it should be$, 7hortly before the meeting3 a list of ey Iuestions was submitted by email to the participants by the organi0ers3 which are reproduced in the opening section of this report$ !his list of Iuestions and issues was submitted not as an ironclad agenda but rather as food for thought to help orient the participants in their presentations$
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?n the Netherlands3 carsharing is the most popular in Amsterdam$ !here were '$(%A car registered for carsharing$ 4f all the cars in Amsterdam 03ADG is a#ailable for carsharing$ !his seems a #ery small amount3 but if you compare it with the a#erage number of cars a#ailable for carsharing in the entire country +030%G,3 itEs clear carsharing is popular in Amsterdam$ Amsterdam wants to stimulate carsharing because it tributes to conscious car use3 which also implicates an efficient use of the a#ailable space$ !he local authority stimulates carsharing by creating special par ing lots only for carsharing$ !here are about A10 par ing lots reser#ed for this classical way of carsharing3 for all classical carshare initiati#es$ Another carsharing initiati#e in Amsterdam is Car2-o3 with fully electrical dri#en cars$ Car2-o is one way carsharing3 with a par ing permit for the entire city$ !here are 100 Car2-o cars in Amsterdam$ !he people who use carsharing in Amsterdam are mostly highly educated and most of them li#es in the part of the city within the ring road A'0$ Most cars a#ailable for carsharing are also situated in this part of the city$ Most car sharers in Amsterdam ha#e indicated they did choose for carsharing because of they thin the costs of an own car are too high$ !his is lin ed to the fact that they did indicate that when their need of a car changes3 carsharing becomes an option$ @ecause of the fact that classical carsharing and peer to peer carsharing is growing in Amsterdam3 the local authority is in#estigating how to cope with this trend and how to de#elop policy on carsharing$
Closing reflections and recommendations

? would li e to ma e a compliment for the initiati#e organi0ing the meeting$ ? thin it is #ery helpful for all local authorities to learn how other cities are handling carsharing$ For the ne2t meeting ? thin it will be better to focus more on topics the authorities want to discuss3 instead of spending time on the general theory of carsharing$ ? would li e to suggest for the ne2t meeting the participants bring in the sub"ects3 so we can all dig deeper on the ey issues$ After weE#e done that3 the presence of carshare initiati#es in a third meeting would be profitable$ A ?ris )erremans
6 Summary notes from another source on parking policy for carsharing in 0msterdam:
Allowance for operators to use dedicated par ing places Fast procedures for new par ing places 7pread of par ing places Agreements about costs Minimal use of cars +J'D rentals9months, City informs about road maintenance 4perator informs when a par ing place is no longer needed City and operator can end cooperation if wanted
Page 1& of 32

.?**3 .epartment of ?nfrastructure !raffic and !ransport City of Amsterdam3 Amstel ' http/99www$amsterdam$nl9gemeente9organisatie&diensten9i##
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Autodelen Lwolle +Car&sharing Lwolle, began a few years ago with two families who came up with the idea with a small group of people from the neighborhood to share cars$ According to initiator Michiel #an Willigen it was moti#ated by financial and practical moti#es$ O7uppose you with3 say3 ten families share a few cars3 then you can en"oy all inds of benefits$ Rou ha#e much lower monthly charges3 because you can sell your own car and share fi2ed costs of the shared car$ !hat also ma es it possible to dri#e a newer car3 reduce par ing and help the landscape and the en#ironment$ Carsharing had a positi#e effect on the community$ ?t began with sharing a car3 but then grew to all sorts of other ways of cooperation between the families3 such as watching out on each otherUs children and the start of shared allot&garden$ Unprofitable routes of public transport go saniti0e$ More people attach less importance to the possession of consumer goods3 preferring their economic use$ More responsibilities are delegated to regional organi0ations and +neighborhood, residents$ !he concept of car sharing Lwolle is now also a#ailable for other municipalities$ For each municipality a domain can be created so that sharing is facilitated autonomously$ !he administrator can maintain car share groups with se#eral cars and participants than s to a new website$ Car owners and participants can easily find each other through locally maintained websites$ 4nly car owners pay a subscription fee for registering their car on the website$ !hese costs can then in turn be di#ided by the participants$ .uring the meeting3 the Iuestion arose how to facilitate car sharing as local go#ernments$ 6ro#iding par ing permits turned out to be a much chosen tool$ Ret3 in particular larger municipalities3 pro#iding par ing permits is fraud sensiti#e$ Cow can you chec if a car is actually being sharedN

Bocal go#ernments can easily promote and facilitate car sharing by supporting local initiati#es li e Autodelen Lwolle by adopting the concept and contribute in subscription fee for car owners on the website of their municipality$ Ret in the other ways to encourage car sharing +li e par ing permits,3 the domain administrator can statistically pro#e that a car is actually being shared$ !his can be done without #iolating the pri#acy of the participants$ !he statistics include the number of participants per car and their usage is a percentage of the total number of ilometres$ !he organi0ers did a great "ob on e2plaining the importance of reducing the traffic and pollution$ !he social benefits and moral support is the decisi#e ingredient on this sub"ect$ *incent A$M$ 4#er#elde
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Auto .elen Lwolle & =nergie =enheid %('1 RB .e#enter www$energieeenheid$nl
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Summary
!he current status of carsharing in 6ar stad Bimburg is that this theme is unde#eloped$ !here are howe#er ci#il or pri#ate initiati#es for the supply of carsharing$ !he only thing nown now is the nowledge that some +'0&20, people share cars by using internet applications$ ?n addition there are some companies who share the company #ehicles for company trips$ ?n the past the communities ha#enEt thought about carsharing as a mode or instrument in mobility policy$ Within the last month 6ar stad Bimburg has made a proposal for its communities to stimulate sustainable mobility and carsharing can be part of that$ !he idea is that communities ta e a positi#e approach and stimulate carsharing themsel#es or when initiati#es come$ Closing reflections and recommendations !he wor shop has resulted in good ideas and a new momentum for carsharing as a sustainable mobility strategy$$ We li e and support ideas for a shared library3 guidelines for cities3 presentation of good and best practices3 pioneer cites and a wor ing group to continue and support the pro"ect$ We li e to follow these ideas3 study them and see how we can upgrade the situation for carsharing in 6ar stad Bimburg$ 6aul Al0er Medewer er Ruimte en Mobiliteit 6ar stad Bimburg A('2 =L Ceerlen www.parkstad-limburg.nl/
% Mr$ AT0er was unable to "oin the wor shop on the 20 th3 but is cooperating with the )p** pro"ect as shown here$ !han you$
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44
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VNote that critical Iuestions about Ois carsharing really greenE are as ed because policy ma ers and aldermen need these answers to legitimate e2tra time9funding9pri#ileges for carsharing in their cities$5
? thin most people who wor on carsharing belie#e there is a net OplusE but there is a strong need for Ohard e#idenceE$ ? found this Iuestion interestingT Oimagine twice as many shared cars in your cityE$ ?t triggers loo ing at carsharing in a systemic3 structural way$ Ad hoc solutions will not be sufficient in +parts of, the city When are we +locally, reaching a O antelpuntE tipping point ?mportant/ Cow can we ma e sure that Onew mobilistsE +young generation, eep to their sustainable choices when they are in their 10&ies3 li#e in suburbs3 ha#e small children and 2 "obs$ And how can carsharing play a role in thatN Martien .as Ad#iseur lo aal limaatbeleid en duur0ame mobiliteit Ri" swaterstaat H W*B www$lo aal limaatbeleid$nl www$rws$nl
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My personal tip would be that ?KM should ha#e uniform goals to ma e carsharing wor 3 goals on transition3 inno#ation and results +to get the result 2020, and now is a good time +electionsY,$
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1u*licity for Bremen Carshare
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While the le#el of personal nowledge of the participants about #arious aspects of carsharing both in general and in the Netherlands was Iuite high3 there were substantial #ariations in approach from city to city$ ?t was agreed that we are all still in the process of building our nowledge on the topic$ !his is no easy tas since the sector is changing shape and practices at a startling high rate$ !here were indications of a shared understanding that things are mo#ing fast now in carsharing and that more attention and action is needed from go#ernments3 both local and national$ Cowe#er3 what is much more important in the conte2t of the meeting3 was the e2istence of a general consensus of the meeting that this >new5 mobility mode is worthy of further attention$ ?t was noted on se#eral occasions that for the most part carsharing pro"ects and the related planning policy decisions in recent years ha#e tended to be more piecemeal and ad hoc3 as opposed to being planned and implemented within a broader strategic #ision and comprehensi#e concept as one part of the o#erall mobility picture$ !here did seem to be general agreement that there might be a need for a more strategic approach and practical guidelines and procedures for carsharing planning and
< Again these comments are posted by the editor and come from his wor ing notes$
Page 21 of 32

implementation on the part of local go#ernment3$ And further that it would do well to lin it more closely to the o#erall sustainable transportation9land&use planning and challenge$ 4ne of our number made the point that perhaps the current and enduring economic crisis may in fact be wor ing to create fa#orable conditions for carsharing && as a way to retain that particular form of personal mobility3 without the #ery significant financial sacrifices that must be made in order to own and dri#e your own car$ +? thought that this was a particularly timely obser#ation3 and important enough to be brought into our strategy$, !he discussions and informal presentations by the se#eral city teams around the table presented us with a wide #ariety of points of #iew concerning public policy and participation to increase and9or impro#e carsharing as a mobility option in their city$ What was stri ing was the considerable di#ersity of the #arious presentations3 proposals and comments$ As might be e2pected3 there was considerable attention gi#en to different ways to lin par ing practices and strategies to carsharing33 Cowe#er once again we can note that in most municipalities the approaches are still essentially ad hoc and reacti#e to the issues3 challenges and choices as they come up$ +!he purpose of this pro"ect of course being to prepare a broader strategy and at least elements of the toolbo2 to go with it$,$
6ar ing is thus a #ery important problem for carsharers and for the municipality $ @ut it is also an opportunity for both3 the fact that with more cars coming into ser#ice e#ery year the pressure on a#ailable par ing spaces becomes e#er greater$ !hus3 if the proponents of carsharing can ma e a con#incing case for more efficient use of these scarce spaces3 this can be an argument in their fa#or$
4ne participant made a point that there are today three structural forms of carsharing/ ', ,n central cities as a essential part of a low&car lifestyle in tune with limited par ing3 optimal 6! 9 mobility ser#ices and bi es all o#er the place$ 2, ,n -e-icate- areas +with green lin ages, as a lu2ury +not essential, part of a new lifestyle3 now as an addition to the pri#ate car3 maybe spreading in the future$ 1, ,n rural areas as a fle2ible form of community ser#ice
!he presentation and discussions about the concept of loo ing into the e#entual de#elopment of a Carsharing Babel to facilitate better integration and management of carsharing into the o#erall mobility mi2 of the city was recei#ed generally positi#ely3 though most of us were not sufficiently clear concerning the details to ta e a firm position$ !hat said3 the meeting indicated a general readiness to loo into this as a possibly useful near&term priority$ ?t was noted that good e2amples can be found wor ing successfully in support of more and better carsharing in -ermany and France +see anne2es,3 and while no such label currently e2ists in the Netherlands3 there is a strong national eco&label program H 7M) & well&positioned to wor as a partner on this$ ?t was suggested that a wor ing committee be set up to loo into this as part of the )p** program
Page 22 of 32

!here seem to be a consensus to the effect that what was needed from national go#ernment is not public funding or direct action3 but rather e2perience&based counsel and guidelines for both local go#ernment and the e#entual operators and suppliers$ 4n the other hand3 it appeared to be generally agreed by all that +a, carsharing has amply pro#en itself to be a >good thing5 for indi#idual citi0ens and for the community as a whole3 and +b, that it should be integrated into the cityEs o#erall mobility9land use mi2 and strategy$ !his is not to say that there was a strong #ote for carsharing as a ma"or mobility option in and of itself && but that there was a definite general willingness of those present to loo more closely into it as a mobility option that has a place in cities of all si0es3 and also in smaller rural communities$
>A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands5

4ne participant toward the end of the meeting came up with an interesting phrase when she or he said >maybe we are approaching a New Moment for carsharing in the Netherlands >$ !hat is an interesting phrase which nicely describes the present situation in the opportunities that it brings with it3 and is maybe one we should put it to wor in this pro"ect$ !o conclude3 the wor shop proposed two immediate ne2t steps/
',
A follow up of this meeting somewhere in May 9 8une with the same participants and maybe added by ser#ice pro#ider and other organi0ations and agencies concerned$ A wor ing group headed by )p** to wor on proposals and to initiate discussions3 to be presented in the Ogeneral meetingE +see later on,$
2,
!he following section of the report pro#ides some additional bac ground on other matters discussed and pro#isionally recommended/ !he wor shop e2pressed strong agreement that there is at this time an important role for national go#ernment to ensure more and better carsharing in municipalities across the Netherlands$ 4ne possible fi#e step scenario for action that could use further attention was proposed/ 7tep '/ Ministry orients and supports research on the actual and possible impacts of carsharing and the e2isting changes and barriers +by each sta eholder, 7tep 2/ Ministry concludes that the way cities currently deal with carsharing is in most cases no optimal3 and thus a barrier for sustainability and for growth 7tep 1/ Ministry and association of municipalities +and association for carsharing, decide to put action on that
Page 23 of 32

7tep (/ A model agreement is designed on which the parties abo#e agree 7tep D/ Ministry offers support to cities willing to de#elop good carsharing regulations and practices$
Page 24 of 32
6 = S 6 B 4 R A!4 RR R = C 4 M M = N . A! ? 4 N 7
!his pro"ect got underway in No#ember 20'1 set out to create an interacti#e process and collaborati#e brainstorming effort loo ing out for pro"ects and actions that could be initiated and carried out by the )p**3 the Ministry and others in#ol#ed in order to support more and better carsharing across the Netherlands$ !here was from the beginning no detailed plan for follow&up or priorities3 other than the belief that the process of creati#e interaction with Iualified people and organi0ations both in the Netherlands and in other parts of =urope where they are dealing with these issues was li ely to help us identify one or more useful initiati#es to ad#ance the carshare agenda$ As wor proceeded3 a certain number of potential action clues began to ta e shape3 and the occasion of the Utrecht wor shop gi#e us an opportunity to present them if only briefly and in oral form to the meeting for first discussion$ !he following section briefly identifies the principal follow&up pro"ects9candidates that ha#e come out of this process$ ?t is suggested at this point that these and perhaps other action proposals be presented and put in some ind of order of priority by the second planned wor shop as a ma"or agenda item$
A$'
A NA!?4NAB CAR7CAR?N- )N4WB=.-= 6BA!F4RM
?t is proposed that attention be gi#en to the possibility of creating a >National Carsharing )nowledge 6latform5 in support of carsharing as a realistic3 pro#en and low&cost sustainable transport option for both cities of all si0es and also smaller communities across the Netherlands$ 7uch a center of gra#ity for carsharing is presently lac ing in the Netherlands$ !he platform would basically be a connected nowledge networ with a shap focus +much li e this wor shop,$ 6ossibly coordinated by )p** and also sponsored by the Ministry$ ; )p** is well Iualified to lead this pro"ect$ !he group supports local and regional authorities in their efforts to de#elop and implement traffic and transport policy by pro#iding practical now&how3 de#eloping reports and guidelines3 arranging meetings3 and setting up networ s$ ?t is suggested that no more than <& '0 people9groups in#ol#ed at the core of the platform3 with the platform offering broad co#erage of the main concerned organi0ations and e#entual actors$ !hat said this will be an open collaborati#e and all those interested will be able to follow progress closely3 and contribute to the discussions and pro"ects as they see fit$ We propose that the scope emphasi0e in a first instance carsharing in this first round of documents and e#ents$ @ut that from the beginning the o#erall orientation should be on the much broader trend already in place3 namely >new ways of owning and using cars5 H and
; With perhaps funding by the new program @eter @enuttenN
Page 2& of 32

all that as part of the broader spectrum of alternati#e mobility arrangements that are appropriate to successful 2'st century cities$ @ut let us start with carsharing$
A$2
>-4?N- .U!CC5/ )6**9=C46BAN R=64R! AN. -U?.=B?N=7 C?!?=7
F4R
!his o#er#iew report is currently in wor ing draft form under the title >-oing .utch/ Carshare 7trategies for Cities53 and is e#entually intended for publication in both =nglish and .utch$ A copy of the latest wor ing draft is a#ailable from the pro"ect library +see below, at http/99goo$gl9(R8p4A $ !he report aims to inform local and national go#ernment on latest international de#elopments at the leading edge of technology and practice in the fast&growing field of carsharing3 in an attempt to put this relati#ely recent concept into a broader strategic planning frame$ While it is intended specifically to inform and aid policy and decision ma ers at the le#el of local go#ernment in the Netherlands3 the report draws e2tensi#ely on international e2perience and is intended to be useful to both .utch and others concerned with these issues$ +?t is estimated that appro2imately two wee s of full&time wor will be reIuired to put it into final form$,
A$1
MAR W4R)7C46 AN. A.*?74RR F4RUM
!his collaborati#e program is already well underway and it can be e2pected that it will ad#ance steadily o#er the course of the ne2t months$ !he first wor shop in Utrecht has pro#ed to be e2tremely useful and has been #igorously supported by those present$ !he decision was made to limit the first wor shop for the most part to local go#ernment participation3 but as the pro"ect mo#es ahead the intention is to bring in the full range of concerned organi0ations3 including but not limited to representati#es of the carshare sector$ !he May wor shop will gi#e e#eryone an opportunity to ta e stoc of progress made in order to gi#e all concerned #oices a chance to be heard$ ?t also would be useful to in#ite a small number of people with high e2pertise in both carsharing and concerned public policy from se#eral neighboring =uropean countries who are already pushing ahead with their own ideas in the sector$
Page 26 of 32
A$(
NA!?4NAB CAR7CAR?N- BA@=B97!AN.AR.
!he concept of creating a wor ing group to e2amine the usefulness of creating a National Carsharing Babel or 7tandard was fa#orably recei#ed by the wor shop$ !he goal of a Carsharing Babel is to pro#ide a detailed structure and a firm baseline to define the role and obligations of carshare operators and ser#ice pro#iders so as to ensure optimal de#elopment of any carshare pro"ect from the specific angle of local go#ernment +as the le#el of go#ernment closest to the operations and their impacts,$ !he e2perience of France and -ermany in creating their own carshare labels is well identified and can ser#e as a starting point for this pro"ect$ 7uch a label can of course the de#eloped in many different ways$ Cere are some preliminary suggestions to get us started/ !he Babel sets ser#ice Iuality standards and details specifications on such critical matters as/ Iualifications for users3 number of cars3 #ehicle locations3 hours of ser#ice3 rates3 procedures for billing and payment3 fueling3 insurance3 conditions and maintenance of #ehicles3 emissions le#els3 user responsibility3 safety procedures3 user information3 hotlines3 use and performance statistics3 handling of complaints and grie#ances3 penalties3 and some sort of guidelines for ensuring lin ing and interaction with other sustainable forms of mobility3 including non&automoti#e transportation3 public transport3 etc$ ?t will be useful to ha#e participation in the wor ing group by cities of different si0es3 as well as N-4s concerned with transportation3 public space3 health3 safety3 eIuity and en#ironment$
A$D
RURAB CAR7CAR?N-
At one point during the wor shop the groupEs attention turned to the form of carsharing nown as pri#ate or informal carsharing3 almost all of which in the Netherlands or other parts of the world tends to ta e place under the radar of the statistics and general public nowledge$ As part of the immediate follow&up3 the consultant drew up a short strategy note on problems and prospects specifically in the area of rural carsharing3 which can be found on the shared library at https/99www$dropbo2$com9home9-oingG20.utch$
A$A
6?4N==R C?!?=7
Page 2' of 32

!his would be a pro"ect to be decided and o#erseen by the 7teering -roup$ !he idea3 as discussed at the meeting3 would be to in#ite a small number of cities +say three or fi#e, to participate in a focused3 open learning pro2ect aimed at the better integration and e2panded use of carsharing in their cities$ !he role of national go#ernment would be important3 both as a source of funding and also to pro#ide through the 7teering -roup not only o#ersight of the #arious pro"ects but also to help disseminate the results$
A$%
7CAR=. 6R4-RAM B?@RARR
Notice was ta en of the fact that the pro"ect team has established a shared library in which ey pro"ect and bac ground documents both in .utch and =nglish are freely a#ailable to collaborators$ !he library at http/99goo$gl9(R8p4A was generally well recei#ed and is open on in#itation$ At present there are thirty people from ten countries signed in to follow the pro"ect$
A$<
*AN AU!4@=L?! NAAR AU!4-=@RU?)/ B?N)=.?N -R4U6
When the possibility of ma ing use of social networ s to impro#e communication was brought up3 there was a general consensus that it would be a good idea to create a supporting Bin ed?n -roup$ As part of the rising organi0ational effort to support wor in this field3 this idea was well recei#ed$ And as a result the team has set up a .utch language Bin ed?n site under the title 3an auto*e4it naar autoge*ruik which is now a#ailable at http/99goo$gl9*=6RM- and already has 22 group members$
A$;
C4BBA@4RA!?*= =UR46=AN 6R48=C! +C4R?L4N 2020,
!his proposal3 which came out of our contact program putting us in touch with the ey =uropean institutions who might ha#e a role in ad#ancing the carshare agenda +see Anne2 A of the full report, re#ealed two things$ !he Commission per se is open to such proposals but thus far has nothing specifically on them either in the program or e#en in its guidelines for the forthcoming eighth framewor program +Cori0on 2020,$ !hat said the Cori0on 2020 program is at this point new and wide open and could well be a good place to initiate a collaborati#e =uropean pro"ect$ We can count on the support of the =64MM program and the U?!6 6latform$ Consultations are under way by the )p** and other concerned e#entual partners to see if an international team can be formed up$
Page 2( of 32
' 7=N7=
4F !C=
M==!?N-
Community of interest/
!his first wor shop appears to ha#e created the beginning of the community of interest around the concept of more and better carsharing for .utch cities
Consensus/
!he consensus of the people around the table indicated their willingness to loo into these issues and proposals more closely3 including in the immediate future with the )p** team as a first step$ 7uch a center of gra#ity for car&sharing is lac ing now in the Netherlands$
)nowledge gap/
!he meeting generally indicated that up until the present time there is on the part of most +but not all, local go#ernments a serious nowledge gap in this field which needs to be filled$ Carsharing is not only de#eloping rapidly but in a number of different ways3 most of which were not anticipated in the past$ !he speed and magnitude of these changes ma es it e#en more challenging for policy purposes for local go#ernment and for suppliers as well$ Filling this nowledge gap is a priority$
-o#ernment role/
!here was a strong consensus indicating that whereas local go#ernments necessarily play a ey role in creating the basis for a successful relationship with the different carshare operators3 there is much that national go#ernment can do to assist in this process$ +!he pre#ious section outlines a set of proposed pro"ect initiati#es for near term implementation and follow&up$,
Cities9differences/
Within the (0A municipalities that constitute the third tier of public administration in the Netherlands3 there are wide differences of information and practices when it comes to planning and supporting carsharing in any of its forms$ -o#ernment policy must assist the smaller and less densely settled regions3 as well as the larger and medium si0ed cities$
Ne2t steps/
!he initiati#e to mo#e ahead from now on lies firmly in the hands of the meetingEs organi0ers$
Momentum/
Page 2) of 32

!his broad based collaborati#e effort has the momentum at this point3 and it is important that we already start to mo#e ahead on the ne2t steps in a timely manner$
Page 30 of 32
( *?7?4N
10
'$ =#ery municipality in the Netherlands will do well to understand that carsharing3 in some form3 is an integral part of their sustainable transport and sustainable city strategy$ 2$ We ha#e come to understand this much/ 8ust as there can be no sustainability without bicycles3 so too there can be no sustainability in a world in which many people li e and want to get around in cars3 without harnessing carsharing as part of the transition strategy$ 1$ !hat said3 it cannot be e2pected that carsharing per se will e#er account for more than a miniscule percent of the total mobility mi2$ Cowe#er it is critical because if pro#ides a ey element of a transition strategy3 allowing people to ad"ust as they wish3 and when they wish$ ?t softens the edge in a democratic way of offering more and not fewer choices for all$ ($ !o accomplish this3 local go#ernment H the ey lin between end users and e#entual suppliers && must ha#e a well thought&out strategy for identifying3 supporting and eeping all this together$ Carsharing is important3 but only one part of the cityEs global mobility strategy$ D$ @ased on an international as well as national e2perience3 we ha#e come to understand that there is no single form of carsharing that will be the [model[ for .utch municipalities$ .ifferent places will ta e different approaches3 which they will figure out for themsel#es +but hopefully with a little help from the present )p** pro"ect in progress,$ A$ ?n each of the countryEs (0A municipalities there are going to be different ways in which cars are shared$ And it is now to be e2pected that there will rarely be a single pro#ider$ %$ @oth >traditional carsharing[3 6eer26eer3 and pri#ate or informal carsharing3 all with many #ariants3 will be part of this mi2$
<$ !here is also a potential e2panded role for new forms of carsharing in rural communities3 which ta es on increasing importance as a result of demographic and economic factors the old traditional approaches of public transport are increasingly showing themsel#es to be insufficient to guaranteeing the economic #itality and Iuality of life in rural areas$ ;$ ?n the #ast ma"ority of cases it is unli ely that the municipality will be the actual provider of the carsharing ser#ice$ +Nor will the public transport company3 most li ely,$
'0 Closing notes proposed by consultant reflecting the understood sense of the meeting$
Page 31 of 32

'0$ Whate#er mi2 of policies and ser#ices is figured out3 we can be sure that in each case it will be dynamic$ !hat is3 the carsharing mi23 whate#er it is at the outset3 will e#ol#e and mutate o#er time to meet the changing reIuirements of the city and to ta e ad#antage of continuing ad#ances in technology3 the mar et and organi0ation$
Page 32 of 32

Utrecht Workshop - Final Report of 14apr14

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A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

Report on 20 February Utrecht Cities Wor shop

eric britton ecoplan international

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

)ennisplatform *er eer en *er #oer +)p**, 0%&Apr&'(

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

The three sisters of carsharing: users, suppliers, and local government.

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

Remo#e all non respondents 7 i n b l e c h a p t e r o n c o m m e n t s 3 6 e r h a p s R e s u m e o f R! discussions

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

1 W4R)7C46 ?N*?!A!?4N AN. 6UR647=

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

'$' A N=W M4M=N! F4R CAR7CAR?N- ?N !C= N=!C=RBAN.7

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

'$2 W4R)7C46 A-=N.A

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

Aim of the meeting/

Current situation with carsharing in your municipality

What do you needN

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

2 ) =RN4!= 6 R=7=N!A!?4N / ! C= 20'( C 4N!=S!

& & J A short history of carsharingT !he Four Ages

1 E. Britton speaking notes from Carsharing and local government!

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

& & J Carsharing in cities

*perators +ith o+n fleet

( 6repared initially by Friso Met0 and presented by Marco Martens

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands *perators +ithout fleet

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

AM7!=R.AM +?R?7 )=RR=MAN7,

Closing reflections and recommendations

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

AU!4 .=B=N LW4BB= +*?NC=N! 4*=R*=B.=,

Closing reflections and recommendations

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

Utrecht Workshop of 20 February 2014

A New Moment for Carsharing in the Netherlands

Closing reflections and recommendations

.=BF! +8AN )==7 *=RR=7!, & 6=N.?N-

Closing reflections and recommendations

Final Report of 16 April 2014

-oing .utch/ Utrecht Carsharing Wor shop Report

Closing reflections and recommendations

R4!!=R.AM +MAR!?N -U?! K BU!7)= B?N.=MAN, & 6=N.?N-

)ennisplatform er eer en er #oer +)p**, 0%&Apr&'(

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