SEMESTER 1

1.1 Jurisprudence - Legal Theory

1. Nature and scope and utility/ importance of jurisprudence.

2. Different scholastic thoughts in jurisprudence

a) Natural Law School

- Introduction
- Decline of Natural Law School
- Revival of Natural Law School
- Natural law with a variable content.

b) Analytical Legal Positivism

- Introduction
- Jeremy Bentham
- Austin
- Kelsen’s Pure theory of law

c) Historical School
- Introduction
- Von Savigny
- Henry Maine

d) Sociological School
- Introduction
- Leon Duguit- Social Solidarity
- Contribution of Roscoe Pound – Social Engineering Theory

e) Realist School
- American Legal Realism
- Scandinavian Legal Realism

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Recommended books
1) Salmond’s Jurisprudence
2) Dias - Jurisprudence
3) Lloyd - Introduction to Jurisprudence
4) Mahajan - Jurisprudence
5) Tripathi – Jurisprudence
6) S.N. Dhyani – Jurisprudence
7) Bodenheimer – Jurisprudence
8) Doherty – Jurisprudence
9) Dwivedi – Jurisprudence.
10) Avtar Singh – Jurisprudence.
11) Namita Agarwal- Jurisrudence(Legal Theory)
 1.2 General English – I

Grammar and Usage

- Simple Sentences (one clause) (their phrase structure)

(i) Tense and Concord (10 Marks)

(ii) Noun modifiers
determiners, (5 Marks)
prepositional phrases, (5 Marks)
clauses (5 Marks)
(iii) Basic transformations:
a) Passives (5 Marks)
b) Negatives (5 Marks)
c) Questions (5 Marks)

- Complex and Compound Sentences (use of connectives) (10 Marks)

- Conditionals (10 Marks)

- Question-tags and short responses (10 Marks)

- Some common errors (10 Marks)

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 1.3 Political Science – I

1. Political Science as a Social Science- traditional approach to political Science-Modern Approach to

Political Science: Conceptions of Power, Authority and Legitimacy
2. State and the concept of Nation-state- definition, features.

3. State-Theories of origin of the State- Social Contract Theory, Idealist Theory, Marxian Theory,
Gandhian Theory

4. Sovereignty of the State:- Monism and Pluralism- Concept of Sovereignty in the context of
Globalisation.

5. Government-Classification of Government: - Features of Parliamentary and Presidential; and

Unitary and federal Structure- Limitations of this Classification

6. Organs of Government
- The legislature, executive and judiciary
- The doctrine of Separation of Powers
- Parliamentary Sovereignty

7. Classification of Political System:- features of liberal democratic, Totalitarian, Despotic Political

Systems

8. Political Parties and Interest Groups-their functions and role in modern states.

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 1.4 Sociology

1. Introduction- Nature and Scope of sociology.

2. Importance and utility of sociological information
- Relevance of Sociology to law
- Social origin of law
- Impact of law on society
- Task of law on society
- Social criterion of the validity of law

3. Basic Concepts in Sociology

- Structure and function
- Status and role
- Norms and value
- Institutions

4. Social Institutions and Law

- Marriage (meaning, forms of marriage)
- Family-( meaning, forms, functions
- Kinship ( meaning, types, degree, kinship terms, kinship usages)
5. Social Stratification
- Theories and forms of social stratification
- Classes ( meaning, nature, functions )
Castes ( meaning, origin, difference between caste and class)
6. Major Institutions of Indian Society
- Family in India ( joint family, characteristics, merits & demerits, disintegration of joint
family)
Caste in India- merits and demerits of caste system, Jajmani System
- Village -features, growth
Characteristics of Indian Village and changes in village community

7.Trends of change in Indian Society

- Urbanization, Modernization and Westernization
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 1.5 Torts and Consumer Protection Laws

Torts and Tortious Liability

1. Introduction
- Definition and nature of Tort and tortious liability
- Constituents of Tort
- Tort distinguished from contract, quasi-contract and crime

2. Principles of liability in tort

- Elements - Mental elements - Malice, negligence, motive, malfeasance
- Fault - Damnum sine injuria and Injuria sine damnum.

3. Justifications in Tort
- General defences

4. Liability for torts committed by others

- Vicarious liability
- Principal and Agent
- Master and Servant
- Partners
- Liability of the State
- Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity
- Joint tort-feasers

5. Specific Torts :
Nuisance
- Kind of nuisance
- Essentials of tort of nuisance
- Defences
Negligence
- Essentials of tort of negligence
- Proof of negligence: res ipsa loquitor
- Nervous shock
- Contributory negligence
Trespass to reputation (Defamation)
- Libel and slander
- Essentials of defamation
- Defences
Rule of Strict and Absolute liability.
- The rule of Strict Liability
- Exception to the rule
- The rule of Absolute Liability as developed by Indian Judiciary.
6. Liability without fault under the M.V. Act, 1988
- Sections 140, 141, 142

Consumer Protection Act,1986

Definitions-Consumer, Complaint, Complainant, consumer dispute, Goods, service, unfair

trade practice
Consumer Protection Councils- objects
Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies
Composition, Jurisdiction, Powers and Procedure of
- District Consumer Forum
- State Commission
- National Commission
Appeals

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