Information System Problem Areas

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Design
Operations Data
Cost
Information
System
Design
Information not provided quickly

In a format impossible to digest and use

Represent wrong pieces of data
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Change management and concept of
implementation

System Analyst acts as change agent

Develops technical solutions

Redefines configurations, interactions, job
activities and power relationships
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Causes of Implementation success and
failure
Role of users in the implementation process

Degree of management support

Level of complexity and risk

Quality of management
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Information System success or failure factors
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User involvement
and
influence
Design
Cost
Operations
Data
Management
Support
Level of
Complexity/Risk
Management of
Implementation
process
IMPLEMENTATION
OUTCOME
User influence
User concerns Designer concerns
Will the system deliver the information I
need?
How much disk storage space consumed?
How quickly can I access data? How many lines of program code?
How easily can I retrieve data? How can we cut down CPU time?
How much clerical support do I need? What is the most efficient way of storing
data?
How will the operation of the system fit in
the system?
What database management system
should we use?
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Level of complexity and risk

Project size

Project structure

Experience with technology
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Management of Implementation process
Costs that vastly exceed budget

Unexpected time slippage

Technical shortfalls

Failure to obtain anticipated benefits
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Some factors
Ignorance and optimism

The mythical man-month

Bad news travel slowly upward
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Information System Success: Individual and Organizational
Determinants by Rajiv Sabherwal, Anand Jeyaraj, and Charles
Chowa of the University of Missouri-St. Louis.

A study focusing on information systems says that quality
and usefulness trump user satisfaction in the quest for
success. The findings are the subject of a paper in the
Management Insights section of the current issue of
Management Science, the flagship journal of the Institute
for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
(INFORMS).

Management Insights, a regular feature of the journal, is a
digest of important research in business, management,
operations research, and management science. It appears
in every issue of the monthly journal.
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Based on empirical research conducted between 1980 and 2004, the study examines
four aspects of information systems (IS) success: system quality, perceived
usefulness, user satisfaction, and system use. The authors highlight the
importance of system quality, which affects all other aspects of IS success. They also
observe that system quality and perceived usefulness but, curiously, not user
satisfaction, influence the extent to which the system is used.
The studys results suggest that system developers and managers should concentrate
on developing better systems rather than focusing on increased user satisfaction
with the system.
The analysis also suggests that four long-term measures related to information
systems are particularly important: (1) IS training, (2) improving individuals
attitudes toward information systems, (3) gaining top-management support
for information systems, and (4) developing organizational structures that
facilitate use of information systems, such as help desks and online user assistance.

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Hershey foods :Failure & success with IT
Candy manufacturer in 1999 decided to install an ambitious SAP AGs R/3
enterprise resource planning applications simultaneously with supporting
software solutions from two other software vendors- risky decision
Increased risk by targeting the completion of this daunting task by july 1999
one of the busiest time of the year. During this period each year retailers begin
ordering large amounts of candy during back to school days
A four year project rushed to 30 months to reap the benefits as soon as
possible bad decision

Pursued an upgrade of ERP system to a new R/3 version in July 2001
Upgrade complete by may 2002 at cost 20 % under budget without any order
processing and product shipment disruptions as was the case earlier.
Using integrated business analysis tools in their ERP ,effectively measure the
impact of their sales and marketing programs

Hershey attributed their ultimate success to :
Strong program management and executive leadership
Diligent planning
Development and implementation of extensive testing and training plan

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Electronic birth Registration in Bangladesh:
Bangladesh heavy growth in in their birthrate
Through financial assistance of UNICEF, the electronic birth registration
information system (BRIS) was developed

Challenges-
Widespread poverty in Bangladesh led to corruptions as individuals rely on bribes
to maintain their livelihoods
BRIS viewed as a threat to corrupt activitiesresistance to adopt the changes
A severe lack of IT skills within the Bangladesh Public sector
Problem increased as appointments made on the basis of seniority and political
involvement
Mant It professionals not properly qualified to design or maintain information
sustem
The system budget was severely constrained due to limited funds
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KEY to success
Development teams sensitivity to these issues
Creative approach to system building
Realization the importance of young and talented staff
Efforts on changing the existing structure and processes
Automated system free from redundant and inefficient processes
Value of starting small but thinking big


Project started with a small pilot, but was designed with an eye toward
future integration with other possibly yet undeveloped systems
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Citibank Problems with E-mail scams
Citigroup Inc. largest and most profitable financial services since 1812
Has 200 million customer in more than 100 countries
First to point out that no one is immune to internet scams

November 2003 targeted by scam artists to get the confidential bank card numbers
of their customers
E-mail included a link appeared directing the customers to a Citibank website
where they were greeted with a pop up box asking them their debit card nos,
PIN no. and their card expiration dates.-website was a fake site to gain access to
the information
Citibank network security officials immediately alerted and posted message what
customers should do if they have received it or worse if they have responded to
it
Very little actual damage or loss done
Customer confidence was affected and a significant cost in both money and time to
secure their site ,notify customers and investigate potential losses
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Thank you.
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