Hints for the Practical Final Exam

1- What is a Microprocessor (CPU) in simple words?

The Microprocessor is a type of miniature electronic device that contains the arithmetic,
logic, and control circuitry necessary to perform the functions of a digital computer's
central processing unit.
2- What is the Microprocessor made of?
Microprocessors are made from silicon, quartz, metals, and other chemicals.
3- What is the key difference between a Microprocessor and a
Microcontroller?
The key difference between a Microprocessor and a Microcontroller is the
Microprocessor consists of only a Central Processing Unit (CPU), whereas the
Microcontroller contains a CPU, Memory and I/O all integrated into one chip.
4- What is a Microcontroller
A microcontroller is a small computer on a single semiconductor integrated circuit chip.
A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs along with memory and programmable
input/output peripherals.
5- What does a Microcontroller contain?
A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (Microprocessor) along with memory
and programmable input/output peripherals.
6- What are the applications of Microprocessor?
• Calculators
• Accounting systems
• Traffic light
7- What are the applications of Microcontroller?
• Mobile phones
• Cameras
• Security alarms
8- Which is Better a Microcontroller or Microprocessor?
It depends upon your requirements and based on your project. However, a
microcontroller is an inexpensive, straightforward, and small number of instructions to
process, whereas a Microprocessor is expensive, complex and with many instructions.
9- Which is the Faster, Microprocessor or Microcontroller?
Microprocessors are much faster than microcontrollers.
 10- What is the Arduino?
Arduino is an open-source hardware and software based on easy-to-use hardware
and software.
11- Why is Arduino important?
Arduino allows users a simple pathway to creating interactive objects that can take
input from switches and sensors, and control physical outputs like lights, motors, or
actuators
12- What is the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Arduino IDE is a special software running on your system that allows you write codes
and program the Arduino
13- Explain the Combinational Logic Circuits?
A combinational logic circuit is a circuit whose outputs only depend on the present
state of its inputs which means that the output is a function of the inputs.
14- Give some examples of the Combinational logic circuit
A Combinational Circuit consist of logic gates such as Adder, Subtractor, Multiplexer/
Demultiplexer, and Encoder/Decoder.
15- Explain the Sequential Logic Circuits?
A sequential logic circuit is a type of logic circuit whose output depends not only on
the present value of its input but on the sequence of past inputs.
16- Give some examples of the Sequential logic circuit
Examples of sequential circuits are flip-flop, register, counter, clocks, etc.
17- What is the difference between PLA and PAL?
PLA has a programmable AND gate array and a programmable OR gate array while
PAL has a programmable AND gate array but a fixed OR gate array.
18- Define the Complex Programmable Logic devices (CPLD)
A complex programmable logic device is a programmable logic device with
complexity between that of PALs and FPGAs, and architectural features of both.
19- Define the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
A field-programmable gate array is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by
a customer or a designer after manufacturing – hence the term field-programmable.