Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Minimum Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Minimum Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Hardware Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Network Installation of CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Using CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Starting CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Configuring CAD Overlay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Accessing the CAD Overlay Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Image Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Using AutoCAD Imaging Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
iii
Image Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Image Insertion and Correlation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Image Manage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Using AutoCAD Commands on Your Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Exiting the Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
^"zF pcamV§a^"F"" s
Editing Raster Using REM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
REM Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Region Object. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Enhanced Bitonal Region Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Primitive Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Region Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Enhanced Bitonal Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Selection Options for Enhanced Bitonal Region Objects . . . . . . . . . 77
Connected Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Smart Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Primitive Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
iv | Contents
Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Edit Mode Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Merging REM Objects into Existing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Merging Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Snapping to Binary Raster Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
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Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Vectorizing and Verifying Dimensions with
Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 92
The Follower Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Using Vector Separation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Key Concepts: Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 99
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Contents | v
Installing CAD Overlay on a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Client Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Network Deployment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Associating CAD Overlay to Your AutoCAD Desktop . . . . . . . . . . 114
CAD Overlay Program Group Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
CAD Overlay Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
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vi | Contents
Part 1
Working with CAD Overlay
1
2 | Part 1 Working with CAD Overlay
Welcome to
CAD Overlay 2000i
1
Autodesk® CAD Overlay® 2000i converts scanned paper In this chapter
drawings, blueprints, aerial photographs, and maps into ■ New features in this release
■ Basics of using raster and
data you can edit and manage in AutoCAD® drawings.
vector images with CAD
You can insert binary, grayscale, and color raster images Overlay and AutoCAD
■ How to use the documentation
into your AutoCAD drawings, then correlate, edit,
3
CAD Overlay 2000i allows you to convert scanned paper drawings, blue-
prints, aerial photographs, and maps into data you can edit and manage in
AutoCAD drawings. You can insert binary, grayscale, and color raster images
into your AutoCAD drawings, then correlate, edit, manipulate, convert, save,
and export the data.
This release can increase your efficiency and accuracy by providing improved
access to tools and commands, a full array of vectorization tools, and the
ability to share image and correlation data on the Internet.
In This Manual
The purpose of this manual is to provide you with the information you need
to get started with CAD Overlay. Part 1 presents the fundamentals of
CAD Overlay 2000i. Part 2 provides installation, licensing, and upgrade
information. Appendix A lists raster image formats supported by
CAD Overlay. The glossary provides definitions of terms used with the
software.
The rest of this chapter describes:
You will find detailed documentation online in the form of tutorials and a
User’s Guide in online Help. This section describes how to use all the docu-
mentation, printed and online.
m"zzamV Raster Snap Controls snap modes, aperture size and glyphs
through AutoCAD’s Drafting Settings dialog box
Accesses the Raster Snap tab on AutoCAD’s
Drafting Settings dialog box
* These feature enhancements are new in CAD Overlay 2000i, in addition to the changes in
CAD Overlay 2000.
To use Autodesk CAD Overlay 2000i, you must have AutoCAD 2000 or
another AutoCAD product, such as AutoCAD Map® 2000i, installed on your
computer.
"©4"dF An image with several different shades of gray, such as a scanned black
and white photograph
"F F4p
If you use AutoCAD without CAD Overlay, you can insert raster images into
a drawing and modify image display values such as brightness and contrast.
However, you need to use a raster editing program like CAD Overlay to do
any of the following:
"FFmaaF
■ Raster data refers to the pixels that make up a binary, grayscale, or color
image. All references to a raster image refer to an image file or to the repre-
sentation of that image after it is inserted into an AutoCAD drawing.
■ Converting raster to vector makes modifying a drawing easier and may
result in reducing the total file size of your project. After you convert raster
data to vector entities such as lines or polylines, you can edit the vector
entities using AutoCAD commands. To convert raster to vector, you can
use the CAD Overlay vectorization tools.
■ You can use the CAD Overlay REM commands to edit individual raster
entities and raster areas directly. You can create a selection set of a raster
area or raster entities, and then you can move, copy, or delete the selection
set using native AutoCAD commands.
■ You can use vectorization tools to convert raster data to vector.
Vectorization tools replace raster geometry with vector geometry that can
be manipulated like any other AutoCAD objects, and vectorization tools
can even remove the raster data as you proceed.
Fp_F¨zdp"apm To use remote sensing data for exploration planning, strata
zF4a"da"m= mapping, and geo-technical applications.
FmVamFF
"m=zd"mmF To integrate imagery, maps, and terrain models into base maps
that depict change analysis.
■ This Getting Started guide highlights the features of CAD Overlay with key
concepts, and directs you to the online tutorials and online Help , as
appropriate, for greater detail.
■ The online tutorials contain lessons to familiarize you with how
CAD Overlay works. The lessons include actual drawing files for you to
work on. It is recommended that you run through the tutorials for an
understanding of how the CAD Overlay features are applied to real life
scenarios.
■ The online Help contains all the information you need to work with raster
and vector images.
To insert an image
At the end of a topic in this manual, you will often see the following format
that contains a reference to the online tutorials and Help files:
Online Help
The online Help files can provide you with detailed reference information
about options, commands and dialog boxes. You can access CAD Overlay
Help files by using several different methods. Each method takes you to a dif-
ferent place in the Help file, and each method has its own benefits.
From the program Displays a help This method can be useful when
group, select the window with two you are not sure which topic has
CAD Overlay Help Files panes. The navigation the information you need. Since
icon pane, on the left, the navigation pane remains
includes Contents, open while you view the topic,
or Index, and Search the context in which the current
tabs. Use these tabs topic is located will often direct
Select Image ➤ Help. to display information you to the information you need.
in the topic pane on
the right side of the
Help window.
Press F1 when you have Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
a dialog box open. topic that describes the information you need while
the options in the you have the dialog box open.
dialog box.
Press F1 when you are Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
in the middle of topic that describes the information you need while
running a command the command you are you are using a command.
and the command line running.
prompts you for input.
From the Image menu, Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
select a command and topic that describes the information you need.
press F1. the selected
command.
Click a Help button in a Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
dialog box. topic that describes the information that you need
the options in the while you have the dialog box
dialog box. open.
The following procedure describes how to locate a topic title in the Help file.
Fz
Fz
Q In the first edit box, type the name of the Help topic title you want to locate.
Topics with a similar title will be displayed in the third box on the dialog box.
Click the name of the topic you want to locate, and then click Display to view the
Help topic.
When the Help topic is displayed, you can print the topic by selecting
Options ➤ Print Topic; you can view related topics by clicking the green,
underlined text; or you can click Help Topics to return to the main Contents page.
■ The Help window has three tabs: Contents, Index, and Search.
■ Click the Index tab to view a list of Help topics. You can double-click any
index entry to view the topic for that entry. If more than one topic shares
the same index entry, then you can choose the topic that you want to
view.
■ Click the Search tab if you want to search for specific words, for example,
to search for Help topic titles that are listed in this guide.
■ With a topic open, you can move to other relevant topics or definitions
by selecting the green, underlined text.
Online Tutorials
Each CAD Overlay tutorial contains a series of related lessons. A folder
containing the images and drawings used in the lessons accompanies each
tutorial.
In each lesson, you work with various images to explore particular features
of CAD Overlay. The lessons are organized based on how you would typically
work with the those types of images. You can complete the lessons in any
order you choose. The images and drawings used in later lessons do not
require you to have completed the earlier lessons.
You can access the tutorials by selecting Help on the Image menu and
choosing CAD Overlay 2000i Tutorials.
The tutorial lessons are displayed in a window you can keep open while you
perform the steps in the lesson. If you want to hide the window while you
perform the steps, then you can select Options ➤ Keep Help On Top ➤ Not
on Top. If you want to print a tutorial, select the tutorial book icon on the
Contents tab of the tutorial and click Print.
Fz
low-cost method for archiving and updating these ■ Using AutoCAD commands on
your images
drawings.
17
To use CAD Overlay, you must convert your paper drawing to raster data. You
can use a large document scanner, a desktop scanner, or a hand-held scanner
to save the raster image to a file type that CAD Overlay can read. File size is
determined by the scan resolution (dots per inch), the file format, the come-
plexity of the drawing, and the size of the paper drawing being scanned.
Minimum Requirements
To run properly, CAD Overlay 2000i requires a minimum of the following
hardware and software. If your computer does not meet the minimum
requirements, upgrade your computer before installing any software, to
avoid problems later.
Minimum Requirements
■ Pentium 133, or better or compatible processor
■ Microsoft® Windows NT® 4.0 or Microsoft Windows 95b/98
■ AutoCAD 2000, AutoCAD Map® 2000, AutoCAD Architectural
Desktop™ 2000 or any equivalent AutoCAD product
Hardware Requirements
The following recommendations for RAM and hard disk space provide
acceptable performance. Increasing RAM and hard disk space provides a
more efficient workstation.
Random Access Memory: 32 MB
Hard Disk Space: The amount of disk space depends on the type of
installation. See installation program for disk space requirements.
Display device: 800 by 600 VGA video display (1024 by 768 is
recommended)
A mouse or other pointing device
Optional: The following hardware is recommended:
■ Printer or plotter
■ Digitizer
■ Serial or parallel port for peripheral devices
■ Network interface card for network versions of CAD Overlay
■ Modem or access to an Internet connection
■ TCP/IP
■ IPX protocol
■ Paths sets the path for correlation files and the AutoPaste feature.
■ User Preferences controls image detachment, message display options,
and the mouse settings. This tab also allows you to set default Startup
options.
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
New Displays the New Image dialog box, which you can use to
define the frame and properties for an image you want to
create.
Insert Displays the Insert Image dialog box that is used to insert
images into your current AutoCAD drawing.
Here you can also access the Correlation Function, which also
allows easy image correlation through the Correlation Wizard.
Save, Save As, and Commands that you can use to export an image to a different
Export file format, save an image without saving the drawing, save an
image to another file name, location, or file type, or export the
correlation data associated with the image.
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Manage Displays the Image Manage dialog box you can use to display
information about images or insertions, to change display order
of your insertions, to zoom to an image, to erase an image, to
change the active or saved path, and so on.
Cleanup Commands you can use to correct errors that may occur during
the scanning process. You can deskew, despeckle, invert, mirror,
or adjust an image’s bias.
Image Processing Commands you can use to enhance the appearance of your
image or convert an image to a different image type: histogram,
convolve, bitonal filters, Change Density, and Change Color
Depth.
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Raster Entity Commands you can use to define and manipulate raster entities.
Manipulation REM edits binary, color, and grayscale raster data. Unlike
commands such as mirror, histogram, and invert, which operate
on a whole image, REM commands can be used to edit small
sections of an image.
Mask Displays the New Image Mask dialog box that is used to create a
mask.
Crop Commands you can use to crop images. Options are provided
for cropping a line, a circular region, a rectangular region, a
diagonal region, and a polygonal region.
Remove Commands you can use to rub a raster line, rub multiple line
segments, rub a donut, rub an arc, rub within a polygon region,
rub within a diagonal region, rub within a rectangle region, or
remove using existing geometry.
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Merge Commands you can use to merge images or vector data, and
select raster pens widths.
Vectorization Tools Commands you can use to convert a raster arc, circle, text, line,
polyline, rectangle, or contour to vector.
Snap Displays the Raster Snap tab you use to set the snapping mode.
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Options Displays the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that you can use
to configure CAD Overlay.
CAD Overlay Opens the CAD Overlay home page on the Internet, if you have
Home Page an internet connection and browser:
http://www.autodesk.com/overlayuser
Toolbar
With the CAD Overlay toolbar, you can access commands quickly. When you
pass your mouse over a tool icon, the name of the tool is displayed so you
can find out what the tool is used for. More detailed information about a
tool, such as the equivalent command you can type on the command line, is
displayed on the AutoCAD status bar at the bottom of the screen.
If you close a toolbar and want to display it again, hold the pointer over any
tool in an AutoCAD toolbar and right-click, then select the toolbar you want
from the shortcut menu.
Command Line
You can run most CAD Overlay commands by typing their names on the
command line. Many CAD Overlay commands start with the letter i. For
example, to run the histogram command, type ihistogram on the command
line.
For a detailed list of all the CAD Overlay commands, see Appendix B,
“CAD Overlay Command Summary” on page 137 in this manual.
For each topic that is described in the online Help, the menu path for the
command is listed as well as the command line equivalent.
Image Editing
Using the AutoCAD imaging commands, you can modify image display
values such as brightness and contrast, and you can clip an image so that
only part of the image is displayed in the drawing. However, these adjust-
ments affect only how the image appears in your drawing. You cannot use
AutoCAD by itself to permanently edit the image pixels.
Image Manage
AutoCAD stores only one definition of each image you insert into a drawing,
even if you have multiple copies of the same image in the drawing. The def-
inition is referred to as the image, while each copy is referred to as an insertion.
You can manage the images and insertions in your drawing using the
CAD Overlay Image ➤ Manage (imanage) dialog box.
Using the Images tab of the Image Manage dialog box, you can attach,
detach, load, and unload images. Attaching an image is equivalent to insert-
ing an image. Unloading an image removes the image from memory, speed-
ing up system performance.
NOTE You can use the AutoCAD UNDO command for up to ten CAD Overlay
image edits. This limit applies to edits that actually change raster data, not to
display-only changes. Some of the commands that are affected by this limit are
REM, Histogram, Rub, Crop, and Rubbersheet.
LAYER Control the display of images. You can insert each image
on a different layer and then use the LAYER options to
turn the image layers on or off, freeze them, change their
colors, or lock them to prevent the images on them from
being edited.
NOTE Use the Image ➤ Export (iexport) command if you want to save the
correlation information to a separate file.
You have the option to save edits you made to your images, or you can dis-
card any unsaved edits by “skipping” over a specific image you edited. The
Save Image dialog box is displayed when you save or exit a drawing with
images you have edited.
You can use these options to save all edited images, skip all edited images, or
save selected images before exiting the programs.
your image data, so that your image files are in the ■ Saving images
■ Exporting your data
correct format when they need to be used again.
33
Creating New Images
You can create a new blank image that you can use with the Image Merge and
Vector Merge commands. When you create a new image, you begin by defin-
ing an image frame. After you have created a new image, you must save it to
establish a link between the drawing and the image file.
Fz
¢ In the New Image dialog box, click Pick and specify two points on the screen to draw
a frame.
In the AutoCAD Properties section, enter the correlation information insertion point,
scale, and rotation.
T In the Color Type section, choose one of the following options when you create a
new image:
■ apm"d Image that contains only two colors.
■
"©4"dF Image that contains up to 256 shades of gray.
■ m=F¨F=pdp Image that contains up to 256 different colors.
■ ¤Fpdp Image that contains over 16.7 million colors. This type uses more
system resources.
Q In the Image Properties section, specify the width and height of the new image in
pixels per unit of measurement.
Fz
G Use the default insertion point coordinates you set in the CAD Overlay Options
dialog box.
n Type amF§ to define the properties of the image that you want to create. When you
want to define the properties for more than one new image, use the New Image
configuration tab on the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
Inserting Images
You can insert any number of raster images into an AutoCAD drawing. When
you insert an image, it is placed in a frame, and a link is created between the
drawing and the image file.
When you insert one image with the CAD Overlay Image ➤ Insert (iinsert)
command, the Insert Image dialog box is displayed. On the right side of the
dialog box, you can preview the image and information such as file type,
color depth, density, and so on. The column of folders along the left side of
the Insert Images dialog box is called the Places List. It contains shortcuts to
local folders such as your Favorites folder or My Documents folder (or Personal
folder, depending on which operating system you are using).
Inserting Images | 35
The Places List also includes a History folder which displays the folders you
have used most recently.
If you have Microsoft® Internet Explorer (version 4.71 or higher), and access
to the Internet or an Intranet, you can open image files from the Internet.
There ar several ways to access images from the Internet:
■ Click the Search the Web icon at the top of the dialog box to display the
AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location
and select an image to insert.
■ Click the Buzzsaw icon in the Places List to access projects hosted on
Buzzsaw.com.
■ Click the Redspark icon in the Places List to access projects hosted on
Redspark.com.
■ Click the FTP icon to browse FTP sites and select an image to insert.
When you insert an image, that image must be correlated in the drawing.
Correlation is simply a means of positioning the image using known
coordinates.
Show Frames Only and Zoom to Image are always available and are indepen-
dent of Correlation. If you select Show Frames Only, only the image frame
will be inserted into your drawing. If you select Zoom to Image, CAD Overlay
zooms to the extents of the image after it is correlated.
You can use Quick Insert for automatic correlation during image insertion.
Quick Insert uses the highest order correlation source available to perform
the image insertion. There are no options to specify with Quick Insert; the
image is simply inserted after you click Open on the Insert Image dialog box.
You can change the default correlation information by using the Image
Defaults tab on the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
For the new or intermediate CAD Overlay user, the Correlation Wizard is rec-
ommended. Because the Wizard goes through the correlation process step by
step, it helps you to understand the different correlation options required for
proper image insertion. The Correlation Wizard is the default Insert Option.
You can use the Correlation dialog box if you are an experienced user and
want to quickly establish correlation parameters with minimal keystrokes. If
you are unsure about the correlation options required for proper image inser-
tion, you may want to use the default, the Correlation Wizard. If you choose
to use the Correlation dialog box, any changes you make are incorporated
the next time you use the correlation feature.
If you choose the Correlation Wizard, or the Correlation dialog box, you are
prompted with three pages:
Inserting Images | 37
Pick Correlation Source Page
When you insert an image, CAD Overlay searches for all available correlation
files for the image and displays them in the Correlation Source list.
Depending on what type of image you are inserting and whether or not a
resource file or a world file exists for the image, you might see the following
sources listed.
■ Image File: For certain types of images, correlation data can be saved as
part of an image file. These file types include RLC, IG4, IGS, GeoTags in
GeoTIFF, or HDR File in SPOT.
■ Resource File: Can be created by the CAD Overlay Export command or
previous versions of CAD Overlay ESP. Resource files have an .res file
extension.
■ World File: Can be created by the CAD Overlay Export command for all
image formats. World files have different file extensions, depending on
file type.
■ Image Defaults: The values you set in the CAD Overlay Options dialog
box.
For more information about the Pick Correlation Source page, use
to locate “Pick Correlation Source Page” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
NOTE If you are running CAD Overlay on AutoCAD Map or AutoCAD Land
Development Desktop, Density Units appear only if a global coordinate system
is not set.
Inserting Images | 39
You can modify the correlation source values by entering new values or by
pasting values from the clipboard.
For more information about the Modify Correlation Values page, use
to locate “Modify Correlation Values Page” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Insertion Page
You can use the Insertion Page to view and change the AutoCAD insertion
point, scale, and rotation after any unit conversions have been applied.
You might need to change an image’s scale by reducing or enlarging it. For
example, you may want to change a scale in reference to the zoom factor you
are using in AutoCAD.
The Insertion page is used when you want to apply a coordinate system
transformation. You may change the existing values by entering new ones or
by manually picking coordinates from the screen. You can also change the
color of the image.
Saving Images
There are a few methods you can use to save an image you have edited. One
method is to save your drawing file using the AutoCAD SAVE command.
With this command, you will be prompted to save the images you have
edited. Because there is a link between the drawing and the image files, the
image data is not stored in the drawing file, but in a separate file on disk.
You can also choose to save an image without saving the drawing file by
using the Image ➤ Save (isave) command. You can use this command to save
more than one image at a time.
If you want to save an image to a different name, file type, or location, then
you can use the Image ➤ Save As (isaveas) command. Using this command,
you can convert a read-only file to a file you can edit.
Saving Images | 41
Key Concepts: Saving Images
■ When you save your drawing using the AutoCAD SAVE command, the
correlation information (insertion point, rotation, scale, and image file-
name) is saved in the drawing file. Edits you have made to the images are
saved in the image files.
■ When you use AutoCAD SAVE, you are prompted to save only the image
files you have edited. You have the option of either saving each edited
image individually, or saving all of the edited images in your drawing. You
can skip over an image if you don’t want to save the changes you made.
■ If a new image has been created in your drawing—by using the inew com-
mand, the vmerge command, or a REM command, you will be prompted
to name the new image when you save the drawing.
■ If you use the AutoCAD IMAGE command to detach an image, which
erases all references to it in the drawing, CAD Overlay first checks to see if
the image has been edited. If so, you are prompted to save the image
before continuing. You can cancel the Detach command, you can save the
edits, or you can detach the image without saving the edits.
Exporting Images
When you save an AutoCAD drawing file containing a raster image, the
image correlation data is saved in the drawing file. Therefore, the next time
you open the drawing, the image is displayed with the correct insertion
point, scale, and rotation angle. This correlation data is saved only in the
drawing file, not in the image file itself.
If you want to insert the image into another drawing and use the same cor-
relation data for the image, you can manually correlate the image again, or
you can save time by creating a correlation file for the image. Then, the next
time you insert the image into a drawing, you can simply choose the corre-
lation file as the correlation source, and the image is positioned, scaled, and
rotated correctly. No additional correlation is required.
To create a correlation file to use in other drawings or programs, you can
export the image using the Image ➤ Export ➤ Image (iexport) command.
When you export an image, not only can you create a correlation file for the
For all image types, you can save the correlation data as a resource file or a
world file. For certain image types, you can also save correlation information
within the image file itself.
Exporting Images | 43
■ When you export an image and choose Resource File as the correlation
output type, a resource file with the extension .res is created for the image
in the path specified in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box. You can
create resource files for all image types.
NOTE Resource files are specific to CAD Overlay. If you want to create a
correlation file that can be used by other programs, you need to create a
world file.
■ When you export an image and choose World File as the correlation out-
put type, a world file is created for the image in the same directory where
the image is located. You can create world files for all image types.
■ You can insert a read-only image into a drawing and then save it to a read-
write format using the Export command or the Save As command. How-
ever, only the Export command saves the image correlation information.
■ When you export rotated images, CAD Overlay gives you the option to
“burn in” the rotation, which means that, although the image still
appears rotated, it is inserted into a frame with a rotation of zero.
45
Setting Up Your Data
When you first insert an image into your drawing, you create one instance
of that image (called an insertion) in the drawing. If you place copies of the
same image in the drawing, each copy is treated as a separate insertion of the
same image. The Image Manage dialog box is divided into two tabs that allow
you to control attributes for insertions and images separately:
You can use the Insertions tab to:
s Insert two images into your drawing so that one of Insert Images
the images is on top of the other image.
¢ Select Image ➤ Manage to display the Image Tips for Managing Multiple
Manage dialog box. Images
The last image you inserted is at the top of the list.
On the Insertions tab of the Image Manage dialog Change the Display Order of
box, select the second image, then use the Move the Images
Forward button to move the second listed image
name up in the list so that it is now above the other
image name.
The image is now displayed on top of the other
image instead of below it.
T From the list, select the name of one of the images, Zoom to an Image
and right-click Zoom To.
This option is helpful if you insert an image using an
insertion point that is outside your current AutoCAD
display window, or if you insert an image using a
different scale factor.
Q With the image name still selected, click Properties. Change Image Properties
In the AutoCAD Properties dialog box you can adjust
color, layer, and linetype information, and pick the
transparency color.
TIP You can also use the AutoCAD to modify the display order. From the
AutoCAD Tools menu, choose Display Order.
Because images are also AutoCAD entities, an image that you edit appears
to be placed on top of other images and vectors, even though the image
display order has not actually been changed. Use the AutoCAD REGEN
command to restore the images and vectors to their correct order.
■ Color
■ Linetype
■ Brightness
■ Contrast
■ Show image
■ Show clipped image
■ Show non-ortho
■ Transparency color
Fa"dz^ppV"z^¤m=F"z"4Fdh"z
You can make only one color in each image transparent. The transparency
color has three uses:
■ You can make all pixels of a specified color transparent. For example, if
you specify black as the transparency color for an image, then you can
make each black pixel in the image transparent.
■ Any time you use Rub or Crop, the rubbed or cropped areas are displayed
in the transparency color. For example, if you choose blue as the transpar-
ency color, all rubs are displayed in blue. If you turn on transparency for
that image, the rubbed areas become transparent. For more information,
see “Rubbing and Cropping” on page 66.
■ When you merge two images together, any blank space is filled with the
transparency color of the destination image. For more information, see
“Merging Images” on page 68.
Masking Images
To display and plot a subset of the images in your drawing, you can use an
image mask. An image mask hides, moves, or does not affect the images that
are completely outside the mask boundary. The mask boundary is an
AutoCAD object that you can move, stretch, scale, and erase like any other
AutoCAD object.
You can control how the mask affects the images outside the image mask by
using the New Image Mask dialog box.
Tiled quad sheets, with Polygonal mask Polygonal mask with image
image frames visible frames visible
OOF4pOzpd©Vpm"dh"cpm"Vp¤zpOadF=¤"=^FF
A mask is similar to an image clip that you can create with the AutoCAD
IMAGECLIP command, but a CAD Overlay mask is more global than a clip
because it affects all the images in your drawing instead of only one image.
Like a clip, a mask does not permanently modify the images. You can turn
off the mask to redisplay all the images. You can also convert the mask to
individual image clips. Converting a mask to image clips converts the global
mask to clips on each image.
Masking Images | 53
54 | Chapter 4 Setting Image Properties
Image Editing
5
When you edit images with CAD Overlay, you work In this chapter
seamlessly with AutoCAD. You can edit, convert, ■ Correlating your images
with the AutoCAD
manipulate, and save images in formats compatible coordinate system
with your application, and you can share your images ■ Rubbersheeting
■ Enhancing images using the
with others you work with.
Histogram editing filter
■ Managing grayscale and color
■ Removing speckles from
bitonal images
■ Smoothing detail in
grayscale images
■ Altering images permanently by
removing selected areas
■ Merging multiple images into a
single image
55
Correlating Images
Correlating refers to the process of positioning an image within the AutoCAD
coordinate system so that its scale, rotation, density, and coordinates match
AutoCAD units and coordinates. When you insert an image, you can specify
units, position, scale, and rotation for the image. After you insert the image,
you can fine tune the correlation by matching the image with AutoCAD
vectors or by correcting distortions in the image that were caused by poor
scanning or lens distortion.
CAD Overlay has several commands you can use to correlate images after
they are inserted. These commands are located in the Image ➤ Correlate
menu. The correlation commands include the following:
Correlation sources that CAD Overlay can use are resource files, world files,
and image files containing stored correlation information.
For more information about inserting images with the Correlation Wizard or
the Correlation dialog box, see Chapter 3, “Creating, Inserting, and Saving
Images” on page 33.
The following table lists the maximum polynomial degrees possible for
ranges of control points. For example, if you select twelve control points, the
maximum polynomial degree you can select is three.
3-5 1
6-9 2
10-14 3
15-20 4
21-27 5
Correlating Images | 57
For best results, you should always have six or more control points. However,
if you have fewer than six control points the maximum polynomial degree
is one; therefore, you cannot specify a different polynomial degree. For six or
more control points, you can choose the polynomial degree that you would
like to use. CAD Overlay does not limit the number of control points you can
use.
NOTE If you are using AutoCAD Land Development Desktop, you can substi-
tute COGO points by typing,
, or when CAD Overlay prompts you to
enter destination points. For more information see, “Snapping to COGO Points”
in Online Help.
In the Rubbersheet dialog box, add control points to your image or Import a
control point file to apply to your image. After your points are added to your
image, click Export to save your control point set.
The Histogram dialog box has several options you can use to modify the
image histogram. For example, you can
■ Adjust the brightness and contrast of one or more images using the
Brightness/Contrast tab.
■ Maximize the image detail using the Equalize tab.
■ Convert grayscale and color images to binary images using the
Threshold tab.
■ Convert color images to grayscale using the Color to Grayscale tab.
For indexed color images (8-bit), histogram changes may effect the image
outside of the sub-region depending on which sub-region option you select:
■ Smooth removes unnecessary pixels from the edges of raster objects and
fills holes in raster lines, and removes speckles from the raster image.
■ Thin trims raster objects by one pixel per pass in the directions you
specify.
■ Thicken widens the edges of raster objects by one pixel per pass in the
directions you specify.
■ Separate works when raster lines are partially merged, converting them
into two distinct lines.
s Insert into your drawing a binary raster image that Insert Images
has speckles you want to remove.
Selecting Images
To select an image, you can either select its frame, or press SHIFT while click-
ing within the image. You can select more than one image at a time using
either selection method.
"hFFdF4apmF^p= FO_da4cF^p=
How to select an Click the frame. Press SHIFT while clicking the image(s)
image with the left button of your mouse.
Use an AutoCAD
crossing window to
select the frame edge.
What happens AutoCAD grips are If you click more than one image, the
displayed at the corners Image Select dialog box is displayed
of the image frame. so you can select the images you
want to edit.
Advantages You can select an image You can select an image when image
using this method frames are turned off or when you
before or after selecting have zoomed in so you cannot see
a command. the image frame.
Disadvantages The frame must be You must use this method before
visible in the drawing. selecting a command.
Selecting Images | 65
to clear the selection set, to change the selection set by adding or remov-
ing images, or to select all images that are inserted in the drawing.
■ By default, SHIFT + Left-Click Image Select on the Settings Tab of the
Options dialog box is selected. This check box must be selected if you
want to select images using the SHIFT + left-click method.
■ A Rub changes the removed pixels to the current transparency color that
is set for the image. The rubbed areas become transparent if transparency
is enabled for the image.
■ A Crop deletes pixel data outside the selected boundary area. If a crop
boundary is not rectangular, for instance when you use the Crop Circular
Region command, the area between the crop boundary and the image
frame is filled with the transparency color.
Rub and crop boundaries can be many different shapes: circles, rectangles,
lines, arcs, and polygons. The boundaries can encompass more than one
image at a time. In the right-most illustration, the size of the image frame is
automatically adjusted when you crop an image.
¢ Type on the command line. Set the Rub/Crop Line Width
To define the rub/crop line width, pick two points,
one on each side of the line you want to rub.
This step is necessary only if you are rubbing lines,
polylines, arcs, or donuts or if you are cropping a line.
You can also set the rub/crop line width from the
Settings tab of the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
To rub binary raster entities, you can use raster snaps
to accurately select the raster to be rubbed. Raster
snaps work only with the active binary image.
Select Image ➤ Snap and select the End check box to Specify Raster Snap Settings
pick the endpoints of the raster line you want to rub.
T When the crosshairs snap to the point you want to Rub a Raster Line
select, click your mouse.
Merging Images
You can use the Merge Images (iimerge) command to merge two or more
images into one image. Merging images can reduce the number of images
you must archive with your project files.
To merge images, select the destination image that you want to merge the
source images into. CAD Overlay merges your source images into a single
destination image. The properties of your destination image, such as dots per
inch (dpi) and color depth, do not change as a result of the merge.
For example, if the source image has a value of 200 dpi, and your destination
image has the value of 400 dpi, the destination image retains the value of
400 dpi after you have performed a merge.
Merging Images | 69
To merge raster images (continued)
Select Image ➤ Write ➤ Save As to save the new Save an Image to Another
merged image. File Name, Type, or Location
71
Editing Raster Using REM
You can use raster entity manipulation (REM) to edit binary, color, and gray-
scale raster data. Unlike commands such as Mirror, Histogram, and Invert,
which operate on a whole image, REM can be used to edit small sections of
an image. For example, you can adjust the radius of a raster circle, remove
some dimension lines from a mechanical drawing, or copy electrical symbols
from one image to another.
With REM, you can create different types of REM objects by selecting raster.
These custom objects have replaced the REM selection set of earlier
CAD Overlay releases.
REM Objects allow you to treat raster like vector. You can use AutoCAD com-
mands, including MOVE, SCALE, COPY, and ROTATE, to operate on the REM
objects you create.
You can edit raster images using the same commands, concepts, and opera-
tions you would use to edit vector.
Use REM to:
REM Objects
There are three types of REM objects: Region Objects, Enhanced Bitonal
Region Objects, and Primitive Objects. You can use each of the three types of
REM Objects differently as you edit your raster data. You must decide which
type of object best suits your editing needs.
After you define a REM object, you can use AutoCAD commands and REM
commands to modify the object.
Region Object
This rectangular region object includes all the pixels within the rectangle: the
circle, the portions of the intersecting lines, and the leader line.
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FVapmFdF4F=¤amV^Fh" m^"m4F=*apm"dFVapmp*bF4
pamVam=p§FdF4apmhF^p= =FOamF=Oph^FFdF4apm
REM Objects | 73
Primitive Object
This is an example of circle primitive object defined using the Smart selection
method for selecting primitive objects. CAD Overlay detects that the selected
raster entity is a circle and defines the entity as a circle primitive object.
ma©FdF4F=¤amVh"FdF4apm ahaa¦Fp*bF4=FOamF=Oph^F
FdF4apm
Region object Contains all pixels within the region Bitonal, grayscale,
geometry (for example, all pixels within a color
polygonal region).
Region Objects
You can use a region to select all of the image pixels within the given
geometry. Regions operate on all image types—bitonal, grayscale, and color.
You can define a rectangular, polygonal, diagonal, or circular region. On
REM Objects | 75
There are five grips for each circular region object. There is one grip at the
center of the circle, and four on the circumference of the circle. If you move
any of the grips, the entire circle moves.
There are several options you can use to define enhanced bitonal region
objects from raster entities in bitonal images:
You can also choose whether the object includes all the connected pixels
within the enhanced bitonal region (referred to as the Connected method)
or only the pixels that define a line, a circle, or an arc (referred to as the Smart
method).
After you define the enhanced bitonal region object, you can modify the
object using AutoCAD commands and REM commands.
NOTE You can use enhanced bitonal regions on bitonal images only.
h"FdF4apmF pmmF4F=FdF4apmF
h"am=p§ pmmF4F=am=p§
A Smart Window selects the raster A Connected Window selects the raster
entities that are entirely within the entities that are entirely within the
window. Entities that extend outside window and that are not connected to
the window are not included in the entities extending outside the window.
selection. In this example, the leader In this example, the text is selected. The
lines and text are selected. The leader lines are not selected because
dimension lines extend outside the they are connected to the dimension
window and are not included. lines, which extend outside the window.
REM Objects | 77
Enhanced bitonal region objects (continued)
h"FdF4apmF pmmF4F=FdF4apmF
h"pamVam=p§ pmmF4F=pamVam=p§
h"pd©Vpm pmmF4F=pd©Vpm
h"FdF4apmF pmmF4F=FdF4apmF
h"pd©Vpm pmmF4F=pd©Vpm
A Smart Fence selects the raster A Connected Fence selects the raster
entities that touch the fence. In this entities that touch the fence and that are
example, the leader lines and the connected to entities that touch the
dimension lines are included in the fence. In this example, all entities except
selection. The text, which is enclosed the two areas of text are selected. The
by the fence but does not touch the text does not touch the fence and is not
fence, is not included. connected to any entities.
REM Objects | 79
Enhanced bitonal region objects (continued)
h"FdF4apmF pmmF4F=FdF4apmF
pmmF4F=ma©
Connected Option
If you use the Connected option to create a REM object, a raster object is
defined from a collection of all the image pixels that are all connected. That
is, for a given pixel in the raster object, you can get to any other pixel by fol-
lowing ON pixels. This option is the same as the flood fill option found in
many image editing programs.
Smart Option
If you use the Smart option to create a REM object, a raster object is defined
from the pixels that make up a raster line, circle, or arc.
REM Objects | 81
Smart option
NOTE The entity selection method is not available using the Smart option.
You can create a REM primitive object instead.
There are four grips on a REM enhanced bitonal region object, one at each
vertex. If you move a grip, the entire object moves.
Primitive Objects
You can use primitive regions on bitonal images. A primitive object is made
up of a single raster line, circle, or arc. Primitives are more intelligent than
regions and enhanced bitonal regions because their dimensions can be
changed.
For example, you can change the diameter of a circle and still maintain its
original width. You can also use grip stretch commands or AutoCAD's
Properties dialog box to change the dimensions of your primitive object.
■ Line
■ Arc
■ Circle
You can also use Smart Pick to define a primitive object. CAD Overlay auto-
matically detects the geometry of the selected raster entity and defines the
entity as a primitive line, arc, or circle.
The following illustrations show selections made using Smart Pick.
After you have defined your Primitive Object, you can use AutoCAD com-
mands and REM commands to modify it; see “Using REM Objects to Edit Ras-
ter Images” on page 84. After you have completed your changes to the object,
you must merge it back into your original raster image or create a new image
from the REM objects; see “Merging REM Objects into Existing Images” on
page 86 and “Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image” on page 86.
REM Objects | 83
Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images
You can use custom REM region objects, enhanced bitonal region objects,
and Primitive Objects to edit raster data.
There are several ways to work with REM objects. You can use AutoCAD
commands, the REM edit mode menu, the REM toolbar, the REM flyout from
the Image menu, and the REM command line interface. See Appendix B,
“Command Summary.”
The following AutoCAD commands can operate on REM objects:
■ MOVE
■ GRIP STRETCH
■ ROTATE
■ SCALE
■ COPY
■ MIRROR
■ ERASE
■ UNDO
■ MODIFY
NOTE AutoCAD commands that cannot be used on REM objects are TRIM,
EXTEND, and EXPLODE.
When you run an AutoCAD command that causes a REM object to become
out of sync with the original image, CAD Overlay erases the corresponding
raster data from the source image. For example, you can define a REM object
and then perform the AutoCAD MOVE command. Once the object has been
moved, REM deletes the object from the original image. If you want to imme-
diately delete a REM object after defining it, use the AutoCAD ERASE com-
mand. See AutoCAD 2000i online Help for detailed instructions for using
AutoCAD commands.
You can do the following by using the REM Edit Mode menu:
You can use the Merge to Raster command on your modified REM object.
This command takes the raster data that was part of the REM object and
makes it a part of the original raster image.
To merge vectors
s Select Image ➤ Merge ➤ Merge Vector to display the Merging Vectors into a
Select objects prompt at the command line Raster Image
or
Type ivmerge.
When you perform Vector Merge, you can select Raster Pen widths for the
merge by specifying pen thickness in the Raster Pen Settings dialog box.
Merging Vector | 87
Raster pens thicken vector entities when you merge them into the image.
Thicknesses are assigned according to the specified entity color.
s Select Image Merge ➤ Raster Pens to display the Raster Select Pen Widths for
Pen Settings dialog box Vector Merge
or
Type zFm.
Type _zFmto access the command line
interface.
You can access the Raster Snap options on the AutoCAD Drafting Settings
dialog box by selecting Tools ➤ Drafting Settings and selecting the Raster
Snap tab.
automatically.
91
Vectorization Tools
To get the most out of your binary raster images, you can convert your raster
geometry to AutoCAD vectors. This conversion is known as vectorizing an
image. Since vectorizing an image can be time consuming, you should con-
sider your plans for the image before deciding whether or not to vectorize it.
■ If you only want to archive the image, you don’t need to vectorize it.
■ If you want to move, copy, or delete areas of the image, you can use the
REM commands to edit the image instead of vectorizing it.
■ If you want to remove portions of the raster image, you can use the Rub,
Crop, and REM raster editing commands instead of vectorizing it.
If you cannot easily change the image using the above suggestions, or if you
need to use the vector data in AutoCAD or another program, you should vec-
torize the entities.
■ The line tool converts raster lines to AutoCAD Line entities. The line tool
uses two basic selection methods: one-pick, which vectorizes a raster line
with a single pick, and multi-pick, which requires you to enter two points
to define the start and endpoint of the raster line.
■ The polyline tool converts raster lines to AutoCAD Polyline entities. Like
the line tool, you can use two basic selection methods with the polyline
tool: one-pick, which vectorizes a raster line with a single pick, and multi-
pick, which requires you to enter two points to define the start and end-
point of the raster line.
■ The rectangle tool converts raster rectangles to vector rectangles. You
select points to define the corners and angle of the rectangle and CAD
Overlay creates a closed polyline with the dimensions and orientation
you specified.
NOTE When using one-pick selection for the line, polyline, arc, and circle vec-
torization tools, CAD Overlay uses SmartCorrect to increase the precision with
which the vectors are created. Depending on the settings you select on the
VTools General tab of the CAD Overlay Option dialog box, CAD Overlay corrects
the resulting vector using the current AutoCAD drafting settings and precision.
Vectorization tools can be used to verify and adjust the dimensions of the
vector entities you draw, which is important because the raster image you are
vectorizing might not be accurate. The scale may be incorrect, or the image
might have been scanned poorly. For example, after you vectorize a line seg-
ment, you can check the line length and angle to make sure they are correct.
If they aren’t, you can change the dimensions before you create the next line.
¢ Select Image ➤ Options, then click the VTools Choose a VTools Removal
General tab and select a VTools Removal setting. Setting
As you trace a raster entity, the CAD Overlay removes,
deletes, or preserves the raster line according to the
VTools Removal setting you selected.
Click OK to exit the dialog box.
Select Tools ➤ Drafting Settings and select the Raster Specify Raster Snap Settings
Snap tab or typeam"z and select the appropriate
snap modes to aid in your selection of points on the
raster.
Vectorization Tools | 93
To convert a raster line to a vector line (continued)
You can use the contour follower to vectorize a contour and the VText
command to convert the text label associated with it.
¢ Select Image ➤ Options. Then click the VTools Change Contour Follower
Follower tab and select Polyline from the Contour Settings
Creates drop-down list.
Click OK to exit the dialog box.
Vectorization Tools | 95
To convert a raster contour to a vector polyline (continued)
■ You can assign layer and polyline widths to contours based on their eleva-
tion interval using the Contour tab of the Vector Separation Options
dialog box. For instance, you might set the elevation interval for major
contours to 50, and the elevation interval for minor contours to 10. If you
then followed a contour and set the elevation value to 450, the resulting
vector contour would be assigned to the major layer. Likewise, if you
traced a contour and set the elevation value to 440, the resulting vector
would be assigned to the minor layer.
Click Vector Separation on the VTools General tab of the CAD Overlay
Options dialog box to access the Vector Separation Options dialog box.
Vectorization Tools | 97
To adjust the vector separation options
¢ Select Image ➤ Options. Click the VTools General tab, Change the General Vector
and then click the Vector Separation button. Separation Options
Vectorization Tools | 99
100 | Chapter 7 Converting Raster to Vector
Part II
Installation Guide
101
102 | Part II Installation Guide
Installing CAD Overlay
8
This chapter includes complete instructions for In this chapter
installing CAD Overlay, both for single users and for ■ Single-user installation
■ Network administrator
network users worldwide.
installation
It is recommended you review all the options before you ■ Your CAD Overlay CD-ROM
■ Checking system requirements
begin your installation process.
■ Preparing for installation
■ Installation recommendations
■ Where to install your files
■ Unique installation conditions
■ CAD Overlay program
group cons
■ CAD Overlay menus
103
Choosing Your Installation Options
You have two main installation options to choose from: single-user installa-
tion and network installation. To decide which installation option best suits
your needs, read the following sections: “Single-User Installation,” and
“Network Installation.”
The Network Installation section describes two sub-options: network deploy-
ment and client deployment. Read through the common characteristics of
both before you consider their advantages and disadvantages.
Single-User Installation
You can install CAD Overlay as a single-user in a non-network environment.
You install the product directly from the CD, which allows you to choose the
folder where you would like CAD Overlay to be installed. Compare the
advantages and disadvantages of a single-user install to those described in
the next section, “Network Administrator Installation,” to decide which
installation best suits the needs of your company.
An installation of CAD
Overlay exists on your
computer only.
Advantages
■ Does not require a network.
■ Installs all the program files onto your computer, allowing CAD Overlay
to run at its maximum speed.
■ No network dependency. If the network goes down, you can continue to
use CAD Overlay.
■ Complete control over where CAD Overlay is installed on your computer.
Network Installation
Before you proceed, you must first decide which installation option suits
your needs. If you are a Network Administrator, there are three main instal-
lation options to choose from: network deployment, client deployment, and
single-user. CAD Overlay actively supports all three of these options. Please
read the descriptions of each of these options and consider the pros and cons
before making your decision.
Common Characteristics
With both network deployment and client deployment, you can control
where CAD Overlay is installed on each of the client computers, and which
pre-configured settings each client computer to uses. This saves time in com-
municating corporate installation standards. You can also define which
AutoCAD Desktop that CAD Overlay is installed on.
Deployments are created for client installations on the network server. You
must have an AutoCAD desktop installed, including a version of the
Autodesk License Manager (which is installed automatically with your
AutoCAD desktop).
NOTE During a network setup, CAD Overlay 2000i does not detect if the pre-
vious version of CAD Overlay (CAD Overlay 2000) is already installed. Before
installing CAD Overlay 2000i, you should first uninstall CAD Overlay 2000.
Advantages
■ Allows for floating licensing, making it possible for different client com-
puters to run CAD Overlay as needed, allowing more flexibility.
Disadvantages
■ Client computers cannot operate CAD Overlay if the network is down.
Network Deployment
As a network administrator, you should install CAD Overlay using network
deployment if you want to minimize the number of CAD Overlay files
installed on the client computers. All CAD Overlay files can be stored in a
centralized location on your network server. This setup makes updating
information to all of the clients much faster. For example, if you need to
install a patch, you can install the patch on your network server rather than
installing the patch on each client computer.
F§pcF¦F
An installation of
CAD Overlay exists
on the Server, in one
installation location.
Advantages
■ Saves memory space on the client computers.
■ Centralizes the use of CAD Overlay, making it faster to update the
product. For example, if you need to apply a patch to the product, you
apply it to one central location, instead of to each client computer.
Client Deployment
As a network administrator, you should install CAD Overlay using client
deployment if you want the client computers to contain all of the program
files. You can control where CAD Overlay is installed on each of the client
computers, and which pre-configured settings each client computer uses.
This saves time communicating corporate installation standards.
A deployment of
CAD Overlay is
installed on the
client computer
from the Network.
Advantages
■ Installs all program files onto your client computers, allowing
CAD Overlay to run at its maximum speed.
■ Install the single-user unlocked version of CAD Overlay from the root
directory of your CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\setup.exe. You must contact
Autodesk to receive an authorization code within 30 days after installing
this version. The unlocked version is limited to use on one computer.
■ Install the network version of CAD Overlay from the netsetup folder of
your CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\netsetup\setup.exe. You must contact
Autodesk to license this version immediately after installing it in order to
use the software.
■ Install the locked version of CAD Overlay from the root directory of your
CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\setup.exe. You must contact Autodesk to
license this version immediately after installing it in order to use the
software.
■ Pentium 133-based PC
■ Windows 95b/98, or Windows NT 4.0
■ 32 MB RAM (minimum)
■ See installation program for hard disk space requirements.
■ 64 MB hard disk swap space (minimum)
■ Quad-speed CD-ROM drive
■ TCP/IP
■ IPX protocol
■ Each user must have a unique network login name to use raster file lock-
ing. The login name is used to identify users so that images can be locked
appropriately. If you share the same network login name with another
user, then your image files could be overwritten.
■ For raster file locking to work properly, everyone on the network must use
the same file locking method and folder. These settings are controlled
through the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
File Systems
CAD Overlay runs on the Windows NT (FAT & NTFS) and Windows 95/98
file systems.
NOTE AutoCAD 2000i requires that users be assigned either Power User or
Administrator permissions when using the Windows 2000 operating system.
Failure to assign these permissions causes AutoCAD 2000i and its third-party
applications to perform incorrectly. See the Windows 2000 Help system for infor-
mation about assigning user permissions.
Installation Recommendations
Decide which type of installation you want to use. For more information, see
“Choosing Your Installation Options” on page 104.
Autodesk recommends that you follow the following steps to install
CAD Overlay.
Fz
s Make sure that AutoCAD 2000 loads and runs properly and that peripheral devices
(such as monitors, digitizers, plotters, and so on) are configured and working
properly before you install CAD Overlay.
¢ Delete any previous version of CAD Overlay before installing CAD Overlay 2000i.
Do not install CAD Overlay in the same folder as a previous version without
uninstalling the previous version.
Decide where you want to install the program files. For more information, see
“Where to Install Your Files” on page 112.
T When you install CAD Overlay, it is recommended that you choose the Full
installation option. This installs all the files you need to run CAD Overlay. This option
also installs all sample and tutorial files.
NOTE CAD Overlay 2000i cannot be installed on AutoCAD Release 14. You
need AutoCAD 2000, AutoCAD 2000i, or a compatible AutoCAD desktop.
Fz
In the Open box, typeF9+F¤z(where “e” is the drive letter for the CD-ROM
drive), and then click OK.
T Follow the instructions on the screen. Click Next to proceed through the
installation process.
After the installation is complete, you can either start the program or be
prompted to register your software.
NOTE If you installed the single-user unlocked version of CAD Overlay (in the
United States and Canada), then you can start CAD Overlay. When you start the
program, you are prompted to enter an authorization code. Follow the instruc-
tions on screen to obtain your authorization code. You have up to 30 days to
obtain this code and enter it.
If you installed a locked version of CAD Overlay, then you are prompted to reg-
ister CAD Overlay at the end of the installation process. Registration begins the
process of obtaining your authorization code and licensing the software. For
more information about registering and licensing CAD Overlay, see Chapter 9,
“Licensing CAD Overlay” on page 117.
Client Deployment
Adds the ability for you to verify the location of your AutoCAD desktop
installation, and the ability to choose a profile during client installation.
4pm F4azapm
¦Fd"©¢¬¬¬aFdz adF accesses online Help and online tutorials.
4pm F4azapm
117
Flexible Licensing Overview
Whether you activate CAD Overlay with a locked single-user or floating
licensing, you must obtain an authorization code to activate the licenses for
CAD Overlay.
Review the following information to determine the licensing method that
you want to use.
Single-User Licensing
Licenses that are assigned to a single local computer are called single-user
licenses. With a single-user license, you can install and run CAD Overlay
from a local computer. The license is only valid for that computer. You can
log on to a network to share certain project files with other users, but you
cannot share the program files.
Licensing for single users is different for locked and unlocked versions of
CAD Overlay. For more information on the locked version, see “Authorizing
CAD Overlay for a Domestic Single User” on page 120. For more information
on the unlocked version, see “Authorizing CAD Overlay for an International
Single User” on page 121.
Floating Licensing
Licenses that are issued by the license manager program installed on a server
are called floating licenses. With floating licensing, you can install
CAD Overlay either locally or on a network. However, the license manager
program must be installed on a server that is accessible to each client com-
puter. The license manager issues and manages the licenses. The number of
users who can run CAD Overlay depends on the number of available licenses
from the license manager. Any Windows 95/98 or Windows NT workstation
on the network can be set up as a license server. However, for best perfor-
mance a Windows NT workstation is recommended.
The benefit of floating licensing is that the licenses are not tied to a particular
machine. This allows any client to run CAD Overlay provided that there are
available licenses. For more information, see “Licensing CAD Overlay on a
Network” on page 131 in this chapter.
Network terminology
Fh FOamaapm
^"F="" Project data that can be accessed by more than one user.
|"mhaapm The most common protocol utilized under 32-bit Window
pmpdpp4pd platforms for AutoCAD Licensing.
mFmFpp4pd}
¤^pa«"apmp=F The code that you receive when you register CAD Overlay.
This code activates your licenses. You can get your
authorization codes by registering your software.
NOTE If you want to use single-user licensing, you must enter your authoriza-
tion codes on your local computer. If you want to use floating licensing, then the
authorization codes need to be entered on the server.
p"¤^pa«FCAD Overlay
s Double-click the CAD Overlay 2000i icon on your desktop.
¢ On the Begin page of the Authorization wizard, select Authorize CAD
Overlay 2000i and choose Next.
■ Select Register and Authorize, which guides you through the electronic
registration process.
■ Select Complete Authorization, where you enter your authorization code
(which you receive after you’ve registered your product).
php¦F©p¤da4FmFp"mF§d©am"ddF=4phz¤F
s If you have a new computer, and you now wish to use CAD Overlay on the
new computer, install CAD Overlay on the new computer
¢ Move the license to the new computer using the instructions in “Transferring
a License” on page 126.
Uninstall CAD Overlay from your old computer.
NOTE If you are installing a new computer, and you can still access the
licensed copy of CAD Overlay on your old computer, you do not need to transfer
the license at this time. You can install the new computer, then transfer the
license from your old computer to the new one.
NOTE Verify that the machine identification code on your computer has not
changed, even if you made changes to your computer that did not require you
to reinstall CAD Overlay. The machine identification code may change depend-
ing on the changes you made.
NOTE You do not need to back up the c_dilla folder at this point, because it is
modified during use.
pFpF^FpaVam"d4pmOaV¤"apm|pmVpamV}
s After the last time CAD Overlay is run on the PC, copy the c:\c_dilla folder
to a backup.
The files should easily fit on a floppy disk.
¢ Restore the master image.
Before running CAD Overlay 2000i, restore the specific c:\c_dilla folder for
each individual PC.
License Errors
Many license errors require you to reauthorize CAD Overlay. If you receive
an error, follow the instructions in “Installing Single-User CAD Overlay” on
page 113 to request an authorization code.
You can continue to run CAD Overlay for seven days after receiving most
license errors. After seven days, you must enter an authorization code to run
CAD Overlay. Receiving another error of the same type that you originally
received within the seven-day waiting period eliminates any remaining time.
In that case, you must enter an authorization code to run CAD Overlay.
p¦aF§da4FmF"¤
s On the computer with the active license, from the Start menu (Windows),
choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License
Utility to run the Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Export tab.
License information is displayed in a tree view.
Expand the tree view so that you can view the status for each license and the
names of other computers in the pool by double-clicking any of the licenses
in the list.
T Select the item you want to view.
The Export Information box, located at the bottom of the Export tab,
displays additional information about the selected item.
The Export button exports the license to the selected computer. See
“Transferring a License” on page 126.
Transferring a License
To transfer a license, you must do all of the following:
■ Install CAD Overlay on all computers that you want to include in the
pool. See “Installing Single-User CAD Overlay” on page 113.
■ Obtain a machine identification code from the target computer or com-
puters (the computer to which you are transferring the license) and add
each target computer to the pool. See “To add a computer to the pool of
computers” in this section.
■ Export the license from the source computer (the computer where the
license is currently active). See “To export the active license” on page 127.
■ Import the active license onto the target computer. See “To import a
license” on page 129.
p"=="4phz¤Fp^FzppdpO4phz¤F
s Install and authorize CAD Overlay on the source computer.
¢ Install CAD Overlay on the target computer.
On the target computer, from the Start menu (Windows), choose
Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
T Choose the Import tab.
Q Make a note of the machine identification code (MIC) displayed on the
Import tab. You need this code for a later step.
Return to the source computer. From the Start menu (Windows), choose
Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
On the Pool tab, choose Add.
G In the Machine Name box, enter a name for the target computer.
n In the Machine Identification Code box, enter the code that you obtained
from the target machine in step 5, and then choose OK.
Exporting a License
After adding the target computer to the pool, you can export the active
license from the original computer to a target computer. When you export
the license, the Portable License Utility creates a license file in the location
NOTE Once you have exported the license from the source computer, you
cannot run CAD Overlay on that computer. To use CAD Overlay on that com-
puter again, you must first complete the license transfer process by importing
the license onto the target computer. You must then export the license from the
target computer and import it to the first computer.
pF¨zp^F"4a¦Fda4FmF
s On the computer with the active license, from the Start menu (Windows),
choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License
Utility.
¢ On the Export tab, double-click the license you want to export.
Under the license, double-click Pool to display the other computers in the
pool.
T From the list of computers, select a target computer.
Once you have exported a license from the source computer to the target
computer, you can import that license only on the target computer. You can-
not replace the license on the source computer.
If the license transfer information is lost in the process of transferring, you
can return to the source computer and export the license again, but only to
the original target computer.
Q Choose Export.
The Exporting dialog box displays information about the license and the tar-
get computer under Export Details.
■ License Name: Displays the name of the license that you’re exporting.
■ Machine Name: Displays the name of the target computer.
■ Machine Identification Code: Displays the machine identification code
of the target computer.
In the Exporting dialog box, verify that the machine name and the machine
identification code are correct for the target computer. Choose OK.
In the Export Type Selection dialog box, select the options you want and
enter the information as follows:
■ Transfer Code: Transfers the license in the form of a transfer code. Make
a note of the code displayed after you choose Transfer, and then enter this
code on the target computer.
If this is the first time you have transferred a license to this computer, the
Transfer Code option is not available. You must use the Transfer File
option.
■ Transfer File: Transfers the license using a transfer file. Enter the full path
of the transfer file in the box beside this option, or choose Browse to select
the file name. You can transfer the file to a diskette or to a shared network
directory.
The Portable License Utility creates the license.ctl file in the location that
you specify. You import this file to the computer on which you want to
run CAD Overlay.
■ Transfer Pool Information with File: Transfers pool information in
addition to the license. If you select this option, information on all of the
computers in the pool is copied to the target computer when you import
the license.
If you want to transfer the license back to the source computer, you can
easily locate the correct computer and obtain its machine identification
code.
■ Browse button: If you selected the Transfer File option, choose Browse to
select the file name. Alternatively, you can enter the file name directly in
the box beside the Transfer File option.
■ Transfer button: Transfers the license.
G Choose Transfer.
Choosing Transfer finishes creating the license transfer file and closes the
Export Type Selection dialog box.
Importing a License
Using the Import tab, you can receive a license that has been exported from
another computer if the current computer was specified as the target com-
puter during the export.
■ Transfer Code: Select this option if the license received from the export-
ing computer is in the form of a transfer code. In the box, enter the trans-
fer code that was generated when you exported the license.
■ Read Transfer File: Select this option if the license from the exporting
computer is in the form of a transfer file. Enter the full path of the
exported file in the box beside this option, or use the Browse button to
find the file.
NOTE If you have misplaced the transfer code or the transfer file, return to
the computer that last had the active license. Run the Portable License Utility,
and then choose Export again. You must export the license to the same
computer that you originally selected.
pF=a4phz¤FamOph"apm
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2 ➤ CAD
Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Pool tab.
pFhp¦F"4phz¤FOph^Fzppd
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay
2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Pool tab.
In the list of computers, select the computer you want to remove from the
pool.
T Choose Remove.
pzF4aO©pzapmOp^Fp"*dFa4FmFada©
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay
2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Options tab.
Select or clear the following options:
■ Disable Help Screen at Start-up: When cleared, displays the Help screen
automatically when you start the Portable License Utility. You can view
Help when the Portable License Utility is running by choosing the Help
button even when this option is selected.
■ Language: Specifies a language from the Language list for the Portable
License Utility and the Help page. You must restart the Portable License
Utility for this setting to take effect.
■ Version: Provides information about the current copy of the Portable
License Utility.
T Choose OK.
¦Fd"©FdF"F F"¤Fp=F
NOTE In instances where the feature code is mentioned, substitue the value
sQ for the value listed in the AutoCAD 2000i Installation Guide or your AutoCAD-
based desktop application.
You can use many common binary, grayscale, and color In this appendix
image formats with CAD Overlay. CAD Overlay ■ Supported image formats
supports.
133
Supported Image Formats
If you open a drawing containing an image format that is not supported,
CAD Overlay does not load the image. If you attempt to insert an image that
uses an unsupported format, then you are warned that the format is not
supported.
CAD Overlay can read and write world files for any image type. World files
contain correlation information for images, such as scale, rotation, and
insertion point.
NOTE CAD Overlay reads GeoTIFF even though GeoTIFF does not appear as a
separate format in the Image Insert dialog box. GeoTIFF is now considered a
source of correlation for TIFF files.
You can enter CAD Overlay commands from the Image In this appendix
menu or from the command line. ■ Image menu options
■ Command names
The table in this appendix lists the menu options and
page 21.
137
Command Summary
The following table shows each Image menu option and its corresponding
command line name.
F§ INEW
mF IINSERT
"¦F ISAVE
"¦F ISAVEAS
¨zp
Image IEXPORT
pFd"F
Match IMATCH
Displace IDISPLACE
Scale ISCALE
Rubbersheet IRSHEET
"m"VF IMANAGE
dF"m¤z
Deskew IDESKEW
Despeckle IDESPECKLE
Bias IBIAS
Invert IINVERT
Mirror IMIRROR
h"VFp4FamV
Histogram IHISTOGRAM
Convolve ICONVOLVE
"Fma©
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Polygonal ISPOLYREG
Rectangular ISRECTREG
Diagonal ISDIAGREG
Circular ISCIRCREG
➤ F"Fm^"m4F=
apm"dFVapm
➤ F"Fm^"m4F=
apm"dFVapm|4pm=}
➤ F"Fahaa¦F
Line ISLINE
Circle ISCIRCLE
Arc ISARC
ph¨aamVF4p IPRIMFROMVEC
dF"FdF4F= ICLEAR
Transparency ITRANSPARENT
Smooth ISMOOTH
Knife IKNIFE
"c
Create IMASK
"c|4pm=}
Redefine IMASKEDIT
pz
Line ICROPLINE
Fhp¦F
Line IRUBLINE
Circle IRUBDONUT
Arc IRUBARC
Polyline IRUBPLINE
FVF
F4pa«"apmppd
|ppd}
Line VLINE
Pline VPOLY
Rectangle VRECT
Circle VCIRCLE
Arc VARC
Text VTEXT
m"z ISNAP
pVVdF¤a4c" IQBAR
zapm IOPTIONS
Fdz IHELP
143
base point A point used for relative distance and angle when moving,
copying, or rotating objects.
Example: Select the base point on the image that you
want to move to the destination point.
bias The ratio of image width to image height. You can change
the bias of an image by using the AutoCAD STRETCH
command. Also called aspect ratio.
binary image A two color, 1-bit image, usually a line drawing.
Example: A floorplan or a parcel map. The objects in a
binary raster image are called raster entities. The
background color of a binary image can be transparent or
solid. The foreground color can be any color. Also called
bitonal.
bitmap A raster file format for images.
bitonal image See binary image.
blurring A method for evenly weighing all pixels in the kernel
including the target. This filter, while similar to Low Pass
#2, gives slightly brighter results.
bounding The visible element (usually a dotted rectangle) that is
outline displayed when you select a range of items. Also called
bounding box.
brightness Approaching maximum luminance. A higher brightness
value makes all the pixels in an image lighter.
CAD Overlay Previous releases of CAD Overlay.
GSX and
CAD Overlay
ESP
channel The way color conversion data is communicated or
transmitted.
clipped image Boundary by which you can shorten an image.
Example: When you clip an image, the regions of the
image that are outside the clip boundary are hidden from
view. You can turn off the clip or you can delete the clip
to redisplay all of the image. A clip is a display-only
feature that you can use for viewing and plotting
purposes. It does not permanently change image data.
144 | Glossary
color channel Each color in an image has its own channel.
Example: An RGB image has red, green, and blue color
channels. Color channels can be adjusted together or
separately to bring out individual colors in an image. See
also channel.
color depth Every pixel in an image has information associated with it
to define its color. The amount of information stored with
each pixel is called color depth. The more information that
is stored with each pixel, the greater the number of colors
that can be represented.
The information is represented as follows:
Glossary | 145
convert Changing from one form to another.
Example: Converting an image to binary can help isolate
features in an image, such as the contour lines in a
grayscale scan of a USGS map. After the grayscale image is
converted to a binary image, you can use the VTools
commands to convert the raster entities to vector objects.
convolve To roll, coil, or twist together.
Example: You can take advantage of the CAD Overlay
Convolve filters to smooth or sharpen the details of a
grayscale image.
Convolve filter Convolve filters can smooth or sharpen the edges of
grayscale images only.
correlate The process of positioning an image within the AutoCAD
coordinate system so that the image’s dimensions and
coordinates match AutoCAD units and coordinates.
crop A crop deletes pixel data outside a selected area of a raster
image. The image frame size is adjusted automatically. A
crop permanently alters an image.
current A drive, directory, folder, or other element that is active.
Example: Windows Explorer indicates which folder is
current.
data The method of organizing the image data when the image
organization is saved. The data organization can be stripped, tiled, or
monolithic (see also stripped, tiled, and monolithic).
datum A reference point, line, or surface.
decrement To decrease by one.
density The number of dots per unit at which an image is scanned
or created. The more dots per unit, the higher the density.
Also called resolution.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dpi, the image
density is 300 dots per inch.
density units The units on which the image density is based.
Example: Inches are the density units of an image that was
scanned at 300 dots per inch.
146 | Glossary
density value The number of dots per unit that make up the image
density.
Example: An image scanned at 300 dots per inch has a
density value of 300.
depth The amount of information stored with each pixel. The
more information stored with each pixel, the greater the
number of colors that can be represented. See also color
depth.
deskew Rotating a raster image
Example: Use the Deskew filter when you want to rotate a
raster image in reference to raster or vector objects
without scaling it.
destination The location to which you move an image. To move an
point image, you must pick a source point and a destination
point.
detach an To remove all references to an image from a drawing.
image
disable To turn off a feature so that it does not affect the drawing.
displace To move an image from a source point to a destination
point.
display The visual output device and its technology, such as a
CRT-based display, a flat-panel display, or the graphics
portion of your monitor.
Display A CAD Overlay setting that maintains the display scale
Capture and rotation of entities in a REM selection set. Used only
for the REM Copy to Clipboard command.
display order The order in which images are displayed in AutoCAD. The
sequence affects which images are under or over other
images. You can change the display order so that an image
is on top of all other images in your drawing.
distortion A method for correcting distortions in images, such as
correction distortions related to parallax, unevenness of terrain, or
lens distortion. See also rubbersheeting.
Example: There may be times when you cannot align
images using manual correlation because of distortions in
the image.
Glossary | 147
dithering The process of using a pattern of solid dots to simulate
more colors than are actually available.
Do Not Affect A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
which retains the images that are outside the mask
boundary.
donut A circle with a linewidth.
DPI Dots per inch of an image. Also called resolution or density.
Example: When you scan an image, you specify the dpi, or
resolution, at which you want to scan the image.
Draft An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
does not dither the pixels. This setting is recommended
for binary images.
drawing A vector image in AutoCAD drawing format, saved with
the filename extension DWG.
drawing image CAD Overlay raster image correlated in an AutoCAD
drawing.
drawing unit The unit on which an AutoCAD drawing is based.
Example: A common Imperial drawing unit is inches. A
common Metric drawing unit is meters.
edge Filters that improve the quality of an image by extracting
enhancement individual elements, for example, boundaries and
filters property lines. You can also use these filters for object
extraction or object recognition by higher-level
algorithms.
Edit Warnings An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
prevents CAD Overlay from displaying warnings while
you are editing an image.
enable To make a feature active.
Enable Mask A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
that enables an existing mask for display. Enabling allows
you to view the image clip as defined by the image mask.
encoding Compression method that is applied to an image when
the image is saved. An encoding method can save disk
space.
148 | Glossary
equalization A function to bring out details in an image. Equalization
changes the darkest pixels in an image to black and the
lightest pixels to white and then reassigns the remaining
pixels to the colors in between. Also called nonlinear
contrast stretch.
Export A CAD Overlay command for saving an image to another
file format and for writing out correlation files for the
image. Correlation files store insertion point, scale,
rotation, and density information for the image. When
you export an image, you can choose the type of
correlation files to create. You can save the correlation
information to a resource file, a world file, or to the image
file. The type of correlation file you create depends on the
image type you are exporting.
extension list The filename extensions, such as GIF, that CAD Overlay
searches for when it searches for an image. CAD Overlay
searches for images in the order that they appear in this
list.
filter An editing tool that can be used to adjust the appearance
of an image. Also called editing filter.
Example: The Invert filter reverses light and dark areas on
an image.
follow To trace a line on a binary raster entity and create vectors
that AutoCAD recognizes as individual objects. Also called
vectorize.
foreground The color of the raster entities in a binary image.
color
frame A rectangular vector object that encloses an image. You
can select the image frame by clicking it or by using any
AutoCAD selection method. The image frame is an
AutoCAD object that you can assign to a layer, reposition,
or scale using standard AutoCAD methods. A frame can
become an irregular shape if the image is cropped or
clipped. See also image frame.
freq value The number of pixels in a histogram image that
corresponds to the shade indicated by the placement of
your cursor.
Glossary | 149
Gap Width A setting that defines the maximum gap (from 0 to 10
pixels) that CAD Overlay can ignore as it follows a raster
line, polyline, or contour. CAD Overlay ignores any gap
that is equal to or smaller than the Gap Width. This
setting is useful for scanned images that have many
disconnected raster lines or in which pixels are missing as
a result of imperfect scans.
georeferenced An image that references real-world coordinates in its
image correlation source.
Example: Georeferenced images include GeoSPOT,
GeoTIFF, and images that use world files as their
correlation source.
GIS Computerized decision support systems that integrate
(Geographic spatially referenced data. These systems capture, store,
Information retrieve, analyze, and display such data.
Systems)
global A method to put angular spherical coordinates
coordinate representing latitude and longitude into AutoCAD Map's
system Cartesian coordinate system, and account for the
curvature of the earth's surface with a projection.
gradient Filters that improve the quality of the line where an object
directional begins or ends by extracting individual elements. These
edge filters use the vector sum of the three coordinate variables
enhancements X, Y, and Z, taking into account their direction in space.
filters
Example: You can use the gradient directional edge
enhancements filters in any one of the eight compass
directions. Using these filters results in a black
background with white outlines of the objects in the
original image.
grayscale An image usually created by a scanner in which
image continuous tones are represented as uniform shades of
gray. Each pixel uses eight bits of information, producing
256 shades of gray.
grips Small boxes displayed at various points on a selected
object that can be used as “handles” to edit the object.
Select a grip and then specify a grip editing function.
height The physical height of an image in pixels.
150 | Glossary
Hide Image(s) A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
used to hide the images that are outside the mask
boundary.
High Quality A setting in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that is
recommended for color and grayscale images.
Example: This setting dithers the pixels on screen so the
changes between shades and colors appear more gradual.
high pass filters A means for enhancing the edges of images. Images that
do not appear clear may be sharpened by high pass
filtering.
high resolution A high-quality screen display (generally 640 × 480 pixels
or better) or print output (300 dots per inch or better).
histogram A bar graph that shows the number of pixels for each color
in the selected image or images. An aid to adjust the
brightness and contrast of an image, to maximize details
in an image, to convert a grayscale or color image to
binary, or to convert a color image to grayscale.
horizontal Parallel to the horizon or baseline.
hybrid A drawing comprising both raster and vector data.
image A graphic that is composed of raster data. See also drawing
and drawing image.
image detail The smallest parts that comprise an image.
image file The description of a collection of data treated by a
computer as a unit for input and output.
Example: For certain types of images, correlation data can
be saved as part of the image file. These file types include
RLC, IG4, IGS, GeoTags in GeoTIFF, or HDR File in SPOT.
image format The method in which an image was created and saved,
such as bitmap, CALS, RLC, or GIF. Some image formats,
such as PICT, are read-only.
image frame A frame that encloses each image you insert (also called
boundary). If you select an image frame, grips appear and
hatch marks are drawn over the image to indicate that you
have selected it. You can select the frame using standard
AutoCAD methods (such as specifying points to define a
crossing window or clicking the frame).
Glossary | 151
image The ability to modify the image display order, modify the
management image properties, and select the active image.
image memory A default amount of memory (RAM) set to 8 MB for
images. If you increase the default amount, you might
degrade the performance of your operating system. It is
recommended that you use the default amount.
image The description of a collection of data treated by CAD
selection Overlay as a unit.
Example: When you select an image by clicking its frame,
the image moves to the top of the display order, obscuring
any vectors that intersect with it.
image type Binary, grayscale, and color images.
Example: You can use the histogram with grayscale and
color image types.
image unit The unit at which an image was scanned or created.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dots per inch, the
image unit is inches.
index value In CAD Overlay, the intensity of the shade (0 to 255)
represented by the bar in the histogram where you place
your pointer.
insert image To put or fit a drawing or photograph into your
CAD Overlay working session.
insertion point The point in AutoCAD at which text or graphics are
inserted.
Example: The image insertion point XYZ coordinate
corresponds to the lower-left corner of the image frame.
invert In CAD Overlay, a filter used to reverse position, order, or
relationship.
Example: If an image was originally scanned as a negative,
you can invert the image to create a positive image. You
can also use the Invert filter to reverse the dark and light
areas of an image that was scanned from a white line
blueprint.
152 | Glossary
invisible Unable to be seen.
Example: When frames are invisible, or an image is on a
locked layer, a frozen layer, or a layer that is turned off,
you cannot select the image by clicking the frame.
However, if the frames are not displayed but the image is
on an editable layer, you can select the image using the
SHIFT + left-click method.
Glossary | 153
memory See image memory.
merge CAD Overlay commands you can use to merge images,
commands merge vectors, and select raster pen widths.
merge images To group two or more images into a single image file.
mirror To create a new version of an existing object by reflecting
it along a line or plane.
Example: Scanning software may mirror drawings, or
occasionally scan the back of the drawing by mistake. You
can correct these problems by mirroring the image. You
can mirror any image along the horizontal or the vertical
axis.
monolithic Encoding method for TIFF files. Saves image data in one
piece. May result in slower processing time.
native capture Copies a REM selection set using the image data directly
from the image file. Ignores display scale and rotation of
entities. Used only for the REM Copy to Clipboard
command.
Never Detach An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
does not detach an image even if all image frames that
reference the image are erased from the drawing.
New Image A CAD Overlay command used to create a mask.
Mask
node In CAD Overlay, a link endpoint that can be represented
as a block or point object.
Example: You can force the line follower to ignore the
intermediate nodes and draw a single straight line
between the start and endpoints of a line.
noise Random pixels that result from poorly scanned images.
non- Image that is not saved with real world coordinates.
georeferenced
image
nonorthogonal A graphic representation that intersects or lies at angles
image other than right angles. Also called nonortho image.
ortho image Image that is rotated at 0, 90, 180, or 270 degrees.
orthogonal Intersecting or lying at right angles (0, 90, 180, or
270 degrees).
154 | Glossary
pixels Single dots on the screen that may be individually
assigned different colors or shades of gray. Pixels make up
raster images.
Example: Image pixel size varies depending on the
resolution of the image. For example, a 2 × 2 pixel in a
400 dpi image is four times smaller than a 2 × 2 pixel in a
200 dpi image.
point A location on a drawing. Also, a defined survey point in
the COGO database.
positive image An image in which the light and shade areas correspond
to the original image.
PPI Pixels per inch. Also called dpi, or dots per inch.
Example: When you scan an image, you specify the ppi, or
resolution, at which you want to scan the image.
projection Data devised by cartographers and mathematicians to
depict three-dimensional shapes (like the earth) on two-
dimensional surfaces (like your screen) with minimal
distortion.
properties Attributes or characteristics of an object used to define its
state, appearance, or value.
Example: A drawing within CAD Overlay has properties
that describe its appearance and behavior. These
properties are displayed in the Information dialog box.
quad sheet A device for reducing image file size. Many maps are
broken up into quadrants, which are square and are called
quad sheets. When a group of quad sheets is inserted into
a drawing, it is considered to be tiled.
raster A pattern of closely spaced rows of dots and pixels that
form the image on your computer display.
raster arc See arc, raster.
raster data A series of dots, or pixels. This type of data is produced
when you scan a paper drawing, a blueprint, or a
photograph. A raster image is an image composed of
pixels. Raster entities are the lines, arcs, and other objects
in a binary raster image.
Glossary | 155
raster entity A CAD Overlay method by which segments (raster line,
manipulation circle, and arc) and areas (diagonal, polygonal,
(REM) rectangular, and circular) of a raster image can be selected
and operated on.
raster pen A CAD Overlay tool that allows thickening of vector
entities when you merge them into an image. Thicknesses
are assigned according to the specified entity color.
raster snap A device to snap your cursor to the end, center, corner,
intersection, or edge points of a binary raster entity. If you
choose more than one snap mode, the crosshairs snap to
the closest of the possible snap points. When the
crosshairs snap to a point you want to select, choose the
point.
reference point A source of information determined by an ordered set of
coordinates.
REM Raster entity manipulation commands. A group of
commands commands for editing raster images. To use the REM
commands, you first create a selection set. Then you select
an editing command. You can select an area of a color,
grayscale, or binary raster image, or you can select lines,
arcs, and circles of a binary raster image. Then you can
move, copy, or delete the selection set, or you can copy
the selection set to the clipboard.
resolution The number of dots per unit at which an image is scanned
or created. The more dots per unit, the higher the
resolution. Also called density.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dpi, the image
resolution is 300 dots per inch.
resource file A file used by CAD Overlay to store image data such as
insertion point, scale, and rotation. Can be used as a
source of correlation information for an image when the
image is inserted into a drawing. The Export command
can write out a resource file for an image.
respect A CAD Overlay term for maintaining a particular
condition.
Example: Under the Vector Merge Default tab, you would
select Respect Display Order if you wanted CAD Overlay
to keep your current display order.
156 | Glossary
reverse See Invert.
RGB Red-green-blue.
rotation angle The angle at which an image is revolved about its axis.
RTF Rich text format.
rub To remove a line or area from an image with the
CAD Overlay Rub command. A rub changes the pixels in
a selected area to the transparency color. When
transparency is turned on for the image, the rubbed area
becomes transparent. Rub permanently alters your image.
rubbersheet The process of matching points in an image to known
reference points in a coordinate system by warping the
image using a polynomial transformation.
scaling In CAD Overlay, a method for scaling a raster image in
reference to existing raster or vector entities without
rotating it.
scanner A device that converts blueprints, photographs, and line
drawings to raster data.
shading The use of marking made within outlines to suggest three-
dimensionality, shadow, or degrees of light and dark in a
picture or drawing.
Example: You can use the sharpening filters on grayscale
images to make differences in shading more distinct. This
can increase the sharpness of an image and enhance edges
in the image. You may need to use sharpening filters to
extract the highest amount of useful data from a low-
resolution scan.
shadow The darkest part of an image.
sharpening Sharpening filters enhance details in an image. All of
filters these filters with the exception of the matched filters
operate with a 3 × 3 pixel kernel.
Show Image A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab.
Frame(s) Shows the frames of the images that are hidden or
unloaded.
smoothing A device for removing details or unwanted noise in
filters images. Smoothing filters use spatial filtering with a 3 × 3
pixel kernel.
Glossary | 157
source point The location from which you move an image. To move an
image, you must pick a source point and a destination
point.
speckles Spots of color or stray pixels in an image that result from
scanning errors.
stripped Encoding method for TIFF files. Breaks up image data into
strips for quicker processing.
switch To move from one window or viewport to another. Also,
characters you can enter on the command line to specify
settings for a command or program.
Threshold A CAD Overlay command to convert images.
Example: When you use the Threshold command on a
color image, CAD Overlay first converts the image to
grayscale, and then uses the grayscale value to create the
binary image. The grayscale value is obtained by adding
the values of the red, green, and blue channels in an
image and dividing the value by three. If you want more
control over which grayscale value CAD Overlay uses to
create the grayscale, you can convert the color image to
grayscale first, and then use the Threshold command on
the grayscale image.
threshold The threshold function converts grayscale or color images
function to high-contrast black-and-white (binary) images.
thumbnail A miniature representation of an image that can greatly
increase the speed at which you can preview the image in
the CAD Overlay Insert Image dialog box, the Histogram
dialog box, and the AutoCAD Image Adjust dialog box. A
thumbnail is saved in the image file. A thumbnail can be
created for only those image formats that allow a preview
to be embedded in the image file.
tiled Encoding method for TIFF files. Breaks the image data
into rectangular, tiled regions for quicker processing.
toggle To switch between two options, usually by pressing a
single button.
Example: The CAD Overlay Toggle command changes the
visibility of the image frame.
158 | Glossary
transparency One selected color in an image. In binary images, the
color transparency color is always the background color. In
color images, you can choose the transparency color. For
a selected image, you can make all pixels of a specified
color transparent. Also, any time you use a Rub command,
the rubbed area is displayed in the transparency color.
Unload Images A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab.
Unloads from memory the images that are outside the
mask boundary.
vector A mathematical object with precise direction and length,
but without specific location. Vector data is stored as
X,Y,Z coordinates that form points, lines, areas, and
volumes. It is used to store discrete, well-defined data that
can be delimited. Compare with raster.
Example: In CAD Overlay, the image frames are vector
entities, which means that you can move the image to
another layer.
vectorization CAD Overlay commands used to manually convert a
tools binary raster arc, circle, line, or rectangle to its equivalent
vector object. Also called VTools.
vectorize Converting a binary raster image to vector data. You can
use the CAD Overlay VTools commands to vectorize a
raster image.
VTools Remove A setting that controls what happens to the underlying
Setting raster entity when a VTools command is used to vectorize
the raster entity. Depending on the setting you choose,
the raster entity can be rubbed or REM deleted.
world file A file that stores correlation information about an image,
such as scale, rotation, and insertion point.
Example: When you export an image using the Export
command, you can create a world file for the image that you
can use to correlate the image in another drawing or
software program. The world file is an ASCII file you can
view using Notepad. Mapping programs require world files.
Write A CAD Overlay export option. Writes a correlation file
Correlation and chooses the correlation file type to create from the
correlation output type list.
Glossary | 159
X, Y, and Z Any of a set of numbers used to specify the location of a
coordinates point on a line, on a surface, or in space.
Example: Enter the X, Y, and Z AutoCAD coordinates to
define the lower-left corner of the new image.
160 | Glossary
Index
161
commands editing images (continued)
AutoCAD imaging commands, 27, 29 filters, 62
CAD Overlay commands, 137 histogram, 59 , 60
CAD Overlay toolbar, 26 REM, 72
command line, 26 , 138 rubbing and cropping, 66
Image menu, 22 editing REM objects, 84
communication protocols elastic transformation, rubbersheeting, 56
for networks, 131 email, authorizing CAD Overlay via , 120
computer pool enhanced bitonal region object, REM , 73 , 76
adding a computer, 126 connected entity selection, 80
computer pools (for sharing licenses), 124 fence selection, 79
adding computers to, 126 polygon selection, 78
transferring pool information with selection options, 77
licenses, 128 smart selection, 81
computers window selection, 77
avoiding license errors when Export tab (Portable License Utility), 125
updating/installing, 122 Export Type Selection dialog box , 128
components used in identifying license Exporting dialog box, 127
rights, 121 Exporting dialog box (licenses), 127
restoring CAD Overlay on lab exporting images, 42
computers, 123 exporting licenses, 126–128
configuration of CAD Overlay, 20
converting F
color and grayscale to binary, 60 fax, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120
color to grayscale, 60 fax, authorizing CAD Overlay via , 120
image to a different format, 41, 42 file systems, 111
raster to vector, 92 FILEDIA variable, 41
coordinate system, Insertion Page, 40 files
correlating images, 42, 56 correlation, 42, 56
rubbersheeting , 56 program, 112
Correlation dialog box, using, 37 transfer files, 125
correlation files, 56 filters for editing , 62
creating, 42 floating licensing, 118, 120
inserting images, 28 folders (directories)
sources, 38 license folder (c_dilla folder), 122, 123
values, 39 formats, supported, 134
Correlation Wizard , 37 frame
crop assigning color and layer, 8
definition, 66 selecting, 65
transparency color, 66
custom installation, 112 G
customizing
AutoCAD profile, 115 GeoTIFF, 135
grayscale images
menus, 115
adjusting appearance with histogram, 59
making a color transparent, 49, 51
D removing raster data by rubbing, 67
deskew, 63 smoothing or sharpening, 65
despeckle, 64 grayscale, definition, 7
despeckling images, 62
directory H
installation, 112
Help
DVIEW command , 30
accessing online Help, 12
accessing tutorials, 15
E printing entire file, 14
editing images histogram, 60
AutoCAD commands, 27 filter, 59
162 | Index
I installation (continued)
icons, CAD Overlay, 114 sharing network data, 110
IMAGE command, AutoCAD , 28 single-user, 104
Image menu commands, 138 system requirements, 109
images installing
attaching, 28 computers, avoiding license errors, 122
brightness and contrast, 60 Internet, authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120
changing properties, 48 Internet, inserting images from, 36
converting, 41, 42, 60, 92 inverting images, 62
correlating, 42, 56
Correlation Wizard , 37 L
creating new, 34 lab computers, restoring CAD Overlay on, 123
display order, 46 license errors, 122 , 124
displaying data about, 46 avoiding, 122, 122 –124
editing filter, 59 installing computers, 122
editing with histogram, 60 restoring CAD Overlay on lab
editing with Rub and Crop commands, 66 computers, 123
enhancing, 60 , 62 system clock, 122
exporting, 42 updating computers, 122
inserting , 28 , 35 , 38 reauthorization requirements, 124
inserting from Internet, 36 running CAD Overlay after receiving, 124
managing, 28, 29 , 46 license folder (c_dilla folder), 122
masking , 52 backing up, 123
merging, 68 license manager, definition, 119
merging with REM objects, 86 license server
moving, 56 registering, 120
Quick Insert, 37 license status (individual), 125
removing raster areas, 66 license transfers, 124
rubbersheeting , 56 licenses
saving, 31, 41 assignment of, 131
selecting, 65 computer components used in identifying
selecting active image, 46 rights, 121
supported formats, 134 exporting, 126–128
vectorizing with VTools, 92 importing, 128 –129
zooming to, 46 transferring, 124, 126–129
imaging commands, AutoCAD , 27 validity, 121
Import tab (Portable License Utility), 128 viewing status, 125
importing licenses, 128 –129 licenses (individual), 124
importing licenses (individual), 128 c_dilla folder, 121
initializing CAD Overlay, 19 errors, 124
inserting images, 28, 35 exporting, 126
Correlation dialog box, 37 Exporting dialog box, 127
correlation files, 28 importing, 128
correlation sources, 38 license folder, 122
Correlation Wizard , 37 machine codes, 125
from Internet, 36 motherboard BIOS, 121
Quick Insert, 37 Pool Information box, 130
Show Frames Only option, 37 reinstalling CAD Overlay and, 123
Insertion Page, 40 system clock, 122
installation, 104 Transfer Code option, 128, 129
client deployment, 107 transfer codes, 125
configuration requirements, 111 Transfer File option, 128, 129
directories, 112 transfer files, 125
network, 105, 113 Transfer Pool Information with
network deployment, 106 File option, 128
program files, 112 transferring, 126
recommendations, 111 uninstalling CAD Overlay and, 123
Index | 163
licenses (individual) (continued) option settings in CAD Overlay, 20
updating computer components and, 122 option settings in CADOverlay
licensing image masks, 21
flexible, 118 memory, 21
floating, 119 new images, 21
from a license server, 118 REM objects, 21
from a local computer, 118 vector merge, 21
single-user, 118 Options tab (Portable License Utility), 130
terminology, 119
licensing CAD Overlay on networks, 131 P
loading CAD Overlay menus, 115 pixels
locking image files on a network, 110 changing values, 60
definition, 7
M making transparent, 51
Machine Identification Code box, 128 removing, 66
mail (post), authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120 plastic transformation, rubbersheeting, 56
mail, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120 Pool Information box, 130
maintaining link to image, 43 Portable License Utility, 124
managing images See images computer pool, 126
mask, creating, 52 Export tab, 125
matching images, 56 Import tab, 128
menus, accessing commands, 21, 115 language, 130
Image menu, 22 post (mail), authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120
loading, 115 post, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120
merging images, 68 preferences
merging REM objects with images, 86 settings in CAD Overlay, 20
merging vector, 87 primitive objects, REM , 82
mirroring images, 62 program files, where to install, 112
mouse button function
CAD Overlay, 21 Q
moving images, 56 Quick Insert, 37
N R
network raster
file locking, 110 data, 9
installing programs on, 118 definition, 7
requirements, 110 editing, 59, 66
sharing data, 110, 118 entities, 9
terminology, 119 file locking, 110
network administrator, 105, 106 pens, 87
login in Windows NT, 111 snapping to, 88
network communication protocols, 131 raster entity manipulation See REM
network installation, 105 , 107, 113 raster images, 9
network deployment, 106, 114 editing with REM objects, 84
network protocols, 131 from REM objects, 86
networks raster snap modes, 88
communication protocols, 131 read-only formats, 41
licensing CAD Overlay on, 131 reauthorizing CAD Overlay, 124
nonortho images, 49 reference material, 14
REGEN, 30
O region objects, REM, 73, 75
Object Snaps, 30 registering software, 120
online Help reinstalling CAD Overlay
accessing, 12 and license authorization, 123
printing entire file, 14 REM (raster entity manipulation), 72
tutorials, 15
164 | Index
REM objects, 72 transfer codes, 125
AutoCAD editing commands, 84 transferring licenses with, 128, 129
converting to raster image, 86 transfer files, 125
editing raster images, 84 transferring licenses with, 128, 129
enhanced bitonal region, 73, 76 , 77 transferring pool information with, 128
merging with images, 86 transfer files (license), 125
primitive, 74, 82 transferring licenses, 124, 126 –129
region, 73, 74 transparency color, 51
resource files, CAD Overlay, 42, 56 binary images, 50
restoring CAD Overlay on lab computers, 123 tutorials, accessing, 15
rotating images, 56
rub U
definition, 66 UCS, rotating, 30
transparency color, 66 UNDO command, 30
rubbersheeting , 56 limits, 29
uninstalling
S CAD Overlay
saving images, 41 and license authorization, 123
scaling images, 56 unique directory
selecting images, 65 definition, 119
Shift + Left-click Image Select, 65
shortcut menu, editing REM objects, 84 V
Show Frames Only option, 37 vector
shrinking images, rubbersheeting, 56 definition, 8
single-user installation, 104 merging, 87
single-user licensing, 118, 120 vectorizing
snap modes definition, 9
object, 30 with VTools, 92
raster, 88 virtual memory, 111
speckles VTools
removing, 64 rub setting, 21
starting CAD Overlay, 19 using to vectorize raster entities, 92
stretching images, rubbersheeting, 56
swap file, 111 W
system clock, 122
Web home page, CAD Overlay, 16
and license errors, 122
Windows 95
system requirements, CAD Overlay, 18, 109
setting up as a license server, 118
network, 110
Windows NT
installing as administrator, 111
T setting up as a license server, 118
target computer, 126 world files, 42, 56
technical support, 16
terminology, network, 119 X
toolbars
xrefs, 29
CAD Overlay, 26
Index | 165
166