Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Received no support from the local – 1st Union victory Emancipation Proclamation
Tried to get slaves to revolt Battle of Gettysburg (7/1-3/1863)
Surrendered by U.S. army hanged – Turning point of war, combined with victory of
Vicksburg = bloodiest battle (NOT single day)
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (who, effect)
Harriet Beecher Stowe – George Meade vs. Lee Conf got defeated,
Portrayed evilness of slavery ended chances to invade North
Enraged the southerners Battle of Vicksburg (1862-1863)
– Union gained control of Mississippi River, splitting
Northern Abolitionists (white & black) the Conf. at Vicksburg
Frederick Douglas Battle of Appomattox Courthouse (4/9/1865)
Harriet Tubman Lee surrendered to Ulysses Grant
William Lloyd Garrison
Emancipation Proclamation (why issued, what
Major Causes of Civil War (economic, political, it actually did)
societal) Addressed to Europe turned Civil War into war
Long-term over slavery = stop Eur. support for South
Weakened South, support Union cause
– 2nd Great Awakening Not Union-occupied Conf. states to prevent inside
– Slavery controversy rebellions
– Social class based on slavery Irish in North upset: free slaves = economic
– State rights vs. federal power competitions
Immediate Abolitionists happy
– John Brown’s raids
– Lincoln’s election Economic effects of the War on North and
– Fort Sumter South
– Uncle Tom’s Cabin North – industries, workforce = increased
– Dred Scott South – ended slaver = decreased
– Bleedy Kansas
– Compromise of 1850 Morrill Act
– Popular sovereignty Transfer land to state government use for public
education, aka colleges
Fort Sumter
North surrendered by South Homestead Act
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina joined Citizen claimed 160 acres of land
Conf = total 11 Allowed to buy after 5 years
Civil War begun @ Charleston, SC – 4/12/1861 Encouraged Northerners to West
Advantages / Disadvantages of North and Pacific Railway Act
South (military, economic, political) Begun construction of transcontinental RR in South
North
– Transportation Enrollment Act
– Industries Enrollment of every male citizens for more
– Population 21 million manpower in Union Army
– Money (CA – gold; NV – silver)
South Impact of War on Women and Northern Blacks
– Better generals – Robert E. Lee Women: nursing, cooking, cleaning; challenged the
– Homefield dominance of men in work force
Keep families together; maintain agricultural
Anaconda Plan production; school teacher, nurse; outnumber men
“Great Snake” Map
Invade Mississippi River and split the Confederates Draft Riots in North (who, why)
Block Southern port cities, stop trades with Europe Irish, didn’t want to fight for blacks
for goods and support = naval blockage Free blacks = compete jobs with Irish
Invade capital at Richmond, VA
Substitutes and Avoiding the Draft
Presidents of the Confederacy and Union Hired poor as substitutes
Conf. – Jefferson Davis; capital at Richmond, VA Financial aid and support
Uni. – Abraham Lincoln
End of the War
Border States 4/9/1865 @ Battle of Appomattox Courthouse
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, West
Virginia Role of Black Soldiers in North
Minor jobs, stayed in back, lower paid
Impact of Technology on the War
Mini ball bullets, repeating rifles Sherman’s March to the Sea
Union deprived Conf. of war materials and
“Total War” communication
1st modern trench warfare Captured port of Savannah
Society vs. society: economic, telegraph/railroad, Example of “total war”
submarines
Aimed to destroy other society’s ability to wage war Lincoln’s 10% Lenient Plan
10% pledge allegiance
4 Major Battles: Set up govt. remake Constitution with no slavery
Battle of Antietam (9/17/1862) No Conf. officials, can’t vote
– “Bloodiest Single-Day Battle”
Antebellum-Reconstruction Review
Radical Republicans / Abolitionists (who, what Election of 1876 & Compromise of 1877 (what
did they want, economic & societal goal) it did)
Thaddeus Stevens, Charles Sumner, Frederick Tilden vs. Hayes – Tilden let Hayes won presidency in
Douglas Compromise of 1877:
Freedman’s Bureau – help blacks Removal of all federal troops from Conf. states
13th Amendment Appoint at least 1 Southern Democrat to Hayes’
Industrialize South cabinet (Davis Key)
Construction of RR – TX to Pacific
Freedman’s Bureau (what it did) Industrialize South
Provided blacks money, food, education, but NOT
land Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
Separate but equal
Black Codes
restricting blacks freedom – no votes, jury trials, Jim Crow Laws (what they did)
testify against whites following the Civil War Laws reinforced segregation
Andrew Johnson & Impeachment (why, why it Booker T. Washington & Atlanta Compromise
failed) Education, rights, and privileges of citizenship for
Johnson fired Secretary of War Stanton violated blacks, but they must struggle for econ. gains & self-
Tenure of Office Act improvement
Short 1 vote, didn’t otherwise could weaken
presidency power Seward’s Folly
House brings charges, Senate decides Purchase of Alaska 1867; criticized ‘cos Rocky Mt.
hadn’t been filled yet
Sharecropping & the Crop-Lien System
Share: crops for land & supply from land-owners Post-War Industrialization in the South
Crop-Lien: crops for credits/cash from merchants Iron/steel – Birmingham
Railroads
13th Amendment – 1865 abolished slavery Textile mills
14th Amendment – citizenship to everyone born in Still capital-poor, least developing place in nation
U.S., equal protection = define citizenship
15th Amendment – universal male suffrage Lincoln’s Assassination
John W. Booth
Redeemers 4/14/1865
Powerful, wealthy class in South tried to return South
to antebellum Internal problems during Civil War
Draft – people didn’t want to fight
Carpetbaggers Inflation – Panic of 1863
Northern Republicans sent to reconstruct South
Argument b/w North and South
Scalawags Over the route for transcontinental railroad
Poor white southerners who helped with
reconstruction; tried to overturn social status
Exodusters
Slaves who went to Kansas ‘cos of Homestead Act