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Contents
1. Introduction
2. Types Of quality control techniques
2.1 Kanban
2.2 Poka Yoke
2.3 Jidoka
2.4 Kaizen
3. Conclusion
4. Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
Everyone is being exposed to the "zero defects" philosophy that establishes zero
as a goal. This will not be achieved overnight but approached over time by
continually striving to reduce targets. What kinds of techniques are needed to
assure zero defects? What constitutes an out-of-control situation? An attributes
control chart conveys little information at or near zero defects. Assuring zero
defects through sampling inspection leads to infinite samples or 100 percent
inspection, assuming 100 percent inspection efficiency (the latter rarely exists,
and efficiency probably gets worse at lower defect levels). Obviously, some
new approaches to quality control (QC) techniques will be necessary at zero
defects. Total Quality Control is the most important inspection control of all in
cases where, despite statistical quality control techniques or quality
improvements implemented, sales decrease. If the original specification does
not reflect the correct quality requirements, quality cannot be inspected or
manufactured into the product. For instance, the parameters for a pressure
vessel should include not only the material and dimensions, but also operating,
environmental, safety, reliability, and maintainability requirements. The
company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on three aspects: -
1. Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed
processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records
2. Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications
3. Soft elements, such as personnel integrity, confidence, organizational
culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.
The quality of the outputs is at risk if any of these three aspects is deficient in
any way.
There are four types of quality control techniques, they are as follows:-
1. Kanban
2. Poka Yoke
3. Jidoka
4. Kaizen
➢ Kanban
➢ E-Kanban systems
Many manufacturers have implemented electronic kanban
systems. Electronic kanban systems, or E-Kanban systems, help
to eliminate common problems such as manual entry errors
and lost cards. E-Kanban systems can be integrated into
enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Integrating E-
Kanban systems into ERP systems allows for real-time demand
signaling across the supply chain and improved visibility. Data
pulled from E-Kanban systems can be used to optimize
inventory levels by better tracking supplier lead and
replenishment times.
➢ Poka Yoke
Poka yoke is a Japanese term that
means mistake proofing. A Poka yoke
device is one that prevents incorrect
parts from being made or assembled,
or easily identifies a flaw or error.
➢ Jidoka
Autonomation describes a feature of machine design to
affect the principle of
jidoka used in the Toyota
Production System (TPS)
and Lean manufacturing. It
may be described as
"intelligent automation" or
"automation with a human
touch.” This type of
automation implements
some supervisory functions rather than production functions. At
Toyota, this usually means that if an abnormal situation arises
the machine stops and the worker will stop the production line.
Autonomation prevents the production of defective products,
eliminates overproduction, and focuses attention on
understanding the problem and ensuring that it never recurs. A
quality control process applies the following four principles:
Conclusion
Quality Control techniques are in much more detail than the
above document has illustrated. If used effectively and
efficiently these techniques can help an organization or
business to achieve a six-sigma performance with zero defects,
elimination of waste or waste management, building up of team
work and new innovation techniques. With the help of these
quality control techniques such as kanban, poka yoke, jidoka,
and kaizen a total quality management (TQM) can be achieved.
Bibliography
Websites
✔ Wikipedia.org
✔ Scribd.com
✔ Deming.org
✔ Managementwisdom.com
Books
✔ Shewhart, Walter A (1930). Economic Control of
Quality of Manufactured Product/50th Anniversary
Commemorative Issue December 1980.
✔ Deming, W. Edwards (1966). Some Theory of
Sampling. Dover Publications.
✔ Productivity and Quality Management (2009).Vipul
Prakashan.
✔ Productivity and Quality Management (2009).
Himalaya Publishing House.