Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WEAPONS
VOLUME 9
WARNING
ALTHOUGH NOT CLASSIFIED, THIS PUBLICATION, OR ANY PART OF IT,
MAY BE EXEMPTED FROM DISCLOSURE TO THE PUBLIC UNDER THE
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACT. ALL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION
CONTAINED HEREIN MUST BE CLOSELY SCRUTINIZED TO ASCERTAIN
WHETHER OR NOT THE PUBLICATION, OR ANY PART OF IT, MAY BE
RELEASED.
WEAPONS
VOLUME 9
WARNING
ALTHOUGH NOT CLASSIFIED, THIS PUBLICATION, OR ANY PART OF IT,
MAY BE EXEMPTED FROM DISCLOSURE TO THE PUBLIC UNDER THE
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACT. ALL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION
CONTAINED HEREIN MUST BE CLOSELY SCRUTINIZED TO ASCERTAIN
WHETHER OR NOT THE PUBLICATION, OR ANY PART OF IT, MAY BE
RELEASED.
WEAPON SECURITY
i
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
WARNING
SECTION 1
MISUSE OF WEAPONS, AMMUNITION AND EXPLOSIVES
PURPOSE
WEAPONS
iii
B-GL-385-009/PT-001
into the cartridge case or into the weapon with the
approved cartridge;
c. experiments involving the use of altered propelling
charges or bursting charges with ammunition of any
type;
d. the use of any non-service or obsolete ammunition;
e. the use of foreign ammunition other than that
received through normal supply channels or supplied
in accordance with NATO Standardization
Agreements;
f. the manufacture and use of locally fabricated
explosive training devices, battle simulators,
saluting charges, etc.;
g. any alteration to the design of ammunition or
explosive devices;
h. deviations from authorized drills for use of
ammunition or explosive devices; and
i. rendering live ammunition inert for use as museum
or instructional items.
6. The prohibition in paragraph 5 does not apply to:
a. authorized experiments, modifications, etc, carried
out by experimental, research, proof or inspection
establishments;
b. authorized breakdown, modification, repairs, proof-
testing, etc., carried out as normal functions of a
Canadian Forces ammunition depot or base
ammunition facility;
c. personnel employed at Canadian Forces School of
Aerospace and Ordnance Engineering as instructors
or trainees under supervision, when breaking down
is carried out as part of a course training standard
and in accordance with an approved course training
plan;
d. the use for its designated role of commercial pattern
ammunition, which is obtained by local purchase as
iv
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
specified in CFP 137 or as authorized by NDHQ in
accordance with CFAO 36-19;
e. the use for its designed role of commercial pattern
ammunition which is taken into service and
catalogued;
f. hand-loading small arms ammunition in accordance
with CFAO 50-18; and
g. other cases, when specifically authorized by NDHQ.
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 v
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
FOREWORD
1. B-GL-385-009/PT-001, Weapons, Carl Gustav—Short Range
Anti-armour Weapon (Medium) (SRAAW [M]) is issued on authority
of the Chief of the Land Staff.
2. This publication is effective upon receipt and supercedes
B-GL-317-006/PT-001 dated 30 September 1995.
3. In order to avoid confusion in the weapons' generic titles, the
84 mm Carl Gustav was renamed “Short Range Anti-armour Weapon
(Medium)” as a consequence of the introduction of the Eryx “Short
Range Anti-armour Weapon (Heavy),” which carries a heavier
explosive charge and has greater destructive capabilities.
4. Unless otherwise indicated, the masculine pronouns
contained herein denote both the masculine and the feminine.
5. Comments and suggestions for changes should be forwarded
through the normal channels to the Infantry School, attention the Chief
Standards.
©DND/MDN 2005
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WARNING
SECTION 1 MISUSE OF WEAPONS, AMMUNITION
AND EXPLOSIVES .............................................iii
Purpose ...................................................................................iii
Weapons .................................................................................iii
Ammunition And Explosives .................................................iii
FOREWORD .................................................................................vii
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Introduction ............................................................................. 1
Aim.......................................................................................... 2
Format ..................................................................................... 2
Technical Data......................................................................... 2
Organization Of Instruction..................................................... 3
Practice Periods ....................................................................... 3
Classroom Organization .......................................................... 4
Hearing Protection................................................................... 4
Abbreviations .......................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 LESSON PLANS, BASIC SKILLS
LESSON 1 INTRODUCTION, CHARACTERISTICS,
DESCRIPTION, SAFETY PRECAUTIONS,
AMMUNITION, STRIPPING,
ASSEMBLING AND CLEANING .................... 7
Instructor's Notes ..................................................................... 7
Conduct of the Lesson ............................................................. 9
Characteristics ....................................................................... 10
Description ............................................................................ 12
Normal Safety Precautions .................................................... 13
Ammunition Recognition ...................................................... 14
Sights and Additional Equipment .......................................... 22
Stripping and Assembling...................................................... 25
Cleaning................................................................................. 26
Conclusion............................................................................. 28
LESSON 2 FIRING POSITIONS—LOADING AND
UNLOADING ..................................................... 29
Instructor's Notes ................................................................... 29
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 30
Adjusting the Mount.............................................................. 30
Firing Positions...................................................................... 30
Loading and Unloading ......................................................... 36
Conclusion............................................................................. 41
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B-GL-385-009/PT-001
LESSON 3 USE OF SIGHTS AND AIMING AT
STATIONARY AND MOVING
TARGETS........................................................... 43
Instructor's Notes................................................................... 43
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 44
Applicable Point of Aim for Various Types of Armoured
Fighting Vehicles .................................................................. 44
How to Aim at Stationary and Moving Targets..................... 46
Conclusion............................................................................. 53
LESSON 4 BASIC MECHANISM, FIRING AND
MISFIRE DRILLS ............................................. 55
Instructor's Notes................................................................... 55
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 56
Basic Firing Mechanism........................................................ 56
Firing ..................................................................................... 57
Misfire Drills ......................................................................... 58
Conclusion............................................................................. 60
LESSON 5 BORESIGHTING THE TELESCOPE
AND IRON SIGHTS .......................................... 61
Instructor's Notes................................................................... 61
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 62
Boresighting .......................................................................... 62
Adjusting the M2 Telescopic Sight for Elevation and
Deflection .............................................................................. 64
Adjusting the Iron Sights for Elevation and Deflection......... 66
Conclusion............................................................................. 68
LESSON 6 THE SUB-CALIBRE TRAINING
DEVICE—FFV 553............................................ 71
Instructor's Notes................................................................... 71
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 72
Characteristics ....................................................................... 72
Description ............................................................................ 74
Ammunition........................................................................... 76
Priming the Device ................................................................ 77
Load, Firing and Unload of the 84 mm ................................. 78
Misfire Drills ......................................................................... 80
Care and Cleaning ................................................................. 81
Conclusion............................................................................. 81
LESSON 7 SUB-CALIBRE TRAINING DEVICE
L1A2—6.5 mm.................................................... 83
Instructor's Notes................................................................... 83
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 84
Description ............................................................................ 84
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
Operation ............................................................................... 86
Loading and Unloading the Weapon ..................................... 87
Misfire Drills ......................................................................... 88
Care and Cleaning. ................................................................ 88
Conclusion............................................................................. 90
LESSON 8 HANDLING ........................................................ 91
Instructor's Notes ................................................................... 91
Conduct of the Lesson ........................................................... 92
Composition and Functions of a Sraaw(M) Team................. 93
Choice of Anti-Armour Fire Positions................................... 97
Conclusion........................................................................... 101
ANNEX A BASIC INSTRUCTION—SRAAW(M)
CARL GUSTAV M2/M3 ................................. 103
CHAPTER 3 PRACTICE LESSONS
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................. 113
General ................................................................................ 113
Competition ......................................................................... 113
Master and Pupil.................................................................. 114
Night Lessons ...................................................................... 114
NBC Lessons ....................................................................... 114
PRACTICE LESSON 1 STRIPPING, CARE AND
CLEANING ........................................ 115
Instructor's Notes ................................................................. 115
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 116
Suggested Practices ............................................................. 116
Final Practice ....................................................................... 117
Conclusion........................................................................... 117
PRACTICE LESSON 2 FIRING POSITIONS, LOADING,
UNLOADING AND AIMING........... 119
Instructor's Notes ................................................................. 119
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 120
Suggested Practices ............................................................. 120
Final Practice ....................................................................... 121
Conclusion........................................................................... 121
PRACTICE LESSON 3 SAFETY, STRIPPING,
ASSEMBLING AND GUN
DRILLS AT NIGHT .......................... 123
Instructor's Notes—General ................................................ 123
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 124
Suggested Practices ............................................................. 124
Final Practice ....................................................................... 124
Conclusion........................................................................... 125
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 xi
B-GL-385-009/PT-001
PRACTICE LESSON 4 FIRING, MISFIRE DRILLS........... 127
Instructor's Notes................................................................. 127
Conduct Of The Lesson....................................................... 128
Suggested Practices ............................................................. 128
Final Practice....................................................................... 129
Conclusion........................................................................... 129
PRACTICE LESSON 5 TACTICAL HANDLING AT
NIGHT ................................................ 131
Instructor's Notes................................................................. 131
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 132
Suggested Practice by Day .................................................. 132
Daylight Preparation for Night Practice .............................. 133
Night Practice ...................................................................... 134
Final Practice....................................................................... 134
Conclusion........................................................................... 134
PRACTICE LESSON 6 NBCD HANDLING.......................... 135
Instructor's Notes................................................................. 135
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 136
Suggested Practice............................................................... 136
Final Practice....................................................................... 137
Conclusion........................................................................... 137
PRACTICE LESSON 7 NBC TACTICAL
HANDLING........................................ 139
Instructor's Notes................................................................. 139
Conduct of the Lesson ......................................................... 140
Suggested Practices ............................................................. 140
Final Practice....................................................................... 141
Conclusion........................................................................... 141
CHAPTER 4 INFORMATION FOR INSTRUCTORS
SECTION 1 DESCRIPTION, AMMUNITION,
STRIPPING, ASSEMBLY AND
CLEANING ....................................................... 143
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: Carl Gustav M2 with Front Grip (a), Front Grip (b)
and Model M3 Without Impact Protector (c). ................. 1
Figure 2-1: M2 Carl Gustav .............................................................. 12
Figure 2-2: M3 Carl Gustav Without Impact Protector.................... 12
Figure 2-3: M3 Impact Protector....................................................... 13
Figure 2-4: Live Ammunition .......................................................... 15
Figure 2-5: Training Ammunition.................................................... 16
Figure 2-6: Cartridge Case Assembly FFV 551, With Colour
Code .............................................................................. 17
Figure 2-7: 84 mm HEAT RAP FFV 551 Shell............................... 18
Figure 2-8: Shell 84 mm TP RAP FFV 552 w/Colour Code ........... 19
Figure 2-9: HEDP FFV 502 Cartridge Case .................................... 20
Figure 2-10: Shell HEDP FFV 502.................................................. 21
Figure 2-11: Sight Bag Carried by No. 1 ......................................... 23
Figure 2-12: Tools and Spare Parts w/Bag Carried by No. 2........... 24
Figure 2-13: Cleaning Tools w/Bag Carried by No. 3 ..................... 25
Figure 2-14: Kneeling Position, Stationary Target .......................... 32
Figure 2-15: Kneeling Position, Moving Target .............................. 32
Figure 2-16: Kneeling Position, No. 2 on the Same Side
as No. 1 .............................................................. 33
Figure 2-17: Sitting Position, Stationary Target .............................. 34
Figure 2-18: Sitting Position, Stationary Target .............................. 34
Figure 2-19: Standing Position......................................................... 35
Figure 2-20: Prone Position ............................................................. 36
Figure 2-21a: Leading .............................................................. 39
Figure 2-21b: Leading .............................................................. 40
Figure 2-22: MBT Vulnerable Spots................................................ 45
Figure 2-23: APC Vulnerable Spots................................................. 45
Figure 2-24: Reconnaissance Vehicle Vulnerable Spots.................. 46
Figure 2-25: M2 Telescopic Sight w/Range Knob........................... 48
Figure 2-26: Telescopic Sight w/Graticule Pattern .......................... 48
Figure 2-27: Telescopic Sights Pattern—Head On/Withdrawing
Targets .............................................................. 50
Figure 2-28: Correct Lead .............................................................. 51
Figure 2-30: Boresight Fitted—Carl Gustav M2/M3....................... 63
Figure 2-31: M2 Telescopic Sight—Adjustment Components ........ 64
Figure 2-32: Carl Gustav M2 Iron Sights......................................... 67
Figure 2-33: Carl Gustav M3 Iron Sights......................................... 68
Figure 2-34: Sub-calibre Training Device FFV 553 ........................ 73
Figure 2-35: Description of the sub-calibre training device
FFV 553. .............................................................. 75
xiii
B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Figure 2-36: The 7.62 mm Tracer Round FFV 553 with
Holder FFV 840........................................................... 76
Figure 2-37: The 7.62 mm Tracer Round FFV 553
(Placed into the Adapter)Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2-38: Loading the FFV 840 Cap with Holder into
the SCTD .............................................................. 78
Figure 2-39: Loading and Setting the SCTD into the Gun............... 79
Figure 2-40: Priming the 6.5mm L1A2 SCTD with a tool .............. 86
Figure 2-41: SCTD Tool Kit............................................................ 89
Figure 2-42: Camouflaged 84 mm Gun ........................................... 94
Figure 2-43: Slung Over the Shoulder ............................................. 95
Figure 2-44: Carriage Across the Body ........................................... 96
Figure 2-45: Side Crawl .............................................................. 97
Figure 2-46: Leopard Crawl............................................................. 97
Figure 4-1: Barrel (Model M2) ...................................................... 144
Figure 4-2: Venturi ............................................................ 145
Figure 4-3: Venturi Lock ............................................................ 146
Figure 4-4: Projectile HEAT RAP FFV 551.................................. 148
Figure 4-5: Cartridge TP RAP FFV 552 ........................................ 151
Figure 4-6: Cartridge Flare FFV 545 ............................................. 152
Figure 4-7: Cartridge HEDP FFV 502 ........................................... 153
Figure 4-8: Shell HEAT RAP FFV 751......................................... 154
Figure 4-9: Cartridge 84 mm Smoke FFV 469B/C........................ 155
Figure 4-10: Basic Stripping .......................................................... 157
Figure 4-11: Removing Retaining Leaf Spring Safety
Catch—Trigger and Sear........................................... 158
Figure 4-12: To Remove Extractor and Spring.............................. 159
Figure 4-13: Checking Venturi ...................................................... 160
Figure 4-14: Spare Parts and Box .................................................. 161
xiv
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL
INTRODUCTION
(c)
Figure 1-1: Carl Gustav M2 with Front Grip (a), Front Grip (b) and
Model M3 Without Impact Protector (c).
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 1
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
AIM
FORMAT
TECHNICAL DATA
3. Calibre—84 mm.
4. Weight of gun:
a. with mount and telescopic sight—15.91 kg (M2) and
9.91 kg (M3);
b. with cleaning equipment, tools and container—
29.5 kg (M2), 21.5 kg (M3).
5. Twist of Rifling—right hand.
6. Type of sight—telescopic sight M2, mounted iron sight and
luminous sights.
7. Sight range—up to 1,300 m with the M2 telescopic sight.
8. System of operation—breech loaded, percussion fired.
2 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
General
9. Muzzle Velocity: FFV 751—210 m p/s; FFV 502—230 m/s;
FFV 469B (smoke)—240 m/s; FFV 551—255 m/s; and FFV
545 (flare)—260 m/s.
ORGANIZATION OF INSTRUCTION
10. The lessons and practice periods are best taught and practiced
in the sequence laid down in the pamphlet. Instructors are allowed
latitude in the method adopted to teach individual lessons provided
that they do not deviate from the information specified.
11. Practice periods can be repeated according to progress.
Instructors should remember that constant instruction and practice
without firing makes the subject dull. Every effort should be made to
introduce live firing as soon as the soldier has mastered the basic
skills.
PRACTICE PERIODS
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 3
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
17. Practice periods can be repeated according to the progress of
the soldiers.
18. The incentive of competition will always help to make
practice more interesting. An entire practice period can be based on
competitions if the instructor so wishes. Some points on conducting
competitions are:
a. Teams may be formed.
b. The instructor must ensure that the selected teams
are all fairly equal in ability. The more advanced
members of the team will help the weaker members.
c. Marks can be awarded up to a given total, or start
with a total and deduct marks for mistakes as the
competition progresses.
d. A chart drawn on a chalkboard or a sheet of paper
on which to mark results should always be used.
e. Further interest can always be attained by making
one team watch another to find faults, resulting in
marks being awarded or deducted marks.
f. Above all, the instructor must make certain the
competitions are simple and realistic. They must
exercise the soldier's ability to perform a particular
skill.
CLASSROOM ORGANIZATION
19. Prior to the start of all lessons, number the class into teams of
two or three as necessary. Ideally, there should be no more than ten
students per instructor. Each team and the instructor should have a
weapon.
HEARING PROTECTION
4 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
General
ABBREVIATIONS
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 5
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
CHAPTER 2
LESSON PLANS, BASIC SKILLS
LESSON 1
INTRODUCTION, CHARACTERISTICS, DESCRIPTION,
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS, AMMUNITION, STRIPPING,
ASSEMBLING AND CLEANING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 7
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
h. tables (optional), one per gun;
i. optic sight M2, one per gun;
j. luminous sights, one per gun;
k. M3 Carl Gustav (light weight), one per three
soldiers;
l. M3 Carl Gustav impact protector, one per gun;
m. M3 Carl Gustav case, one per gun;
n. explanatory drawing of the gun; and
o. one cleaning kit for .50 cal machine gun.
6. Preparation:
a. Place on each table one gun (M2 or M3) with the
telescopic sight and mount fitted. Place alongside:
(1) the No. 1 bag;
(2) the No. 2 bag, tool roll removed and
screwdrivers laid out;
(3) muzzle and venturi covers off and impact
protectors in the case of M3 (removed from
the gun); and
(4) cleaning materials.
b. Select one gun for demonstration and place
alongside it:
(1) duplex ammunition container and display
round;
(2) ammunition recognition diagrams; and
(3) No. 1 and No. 2 bag laid out as for the other
guns.
c. Check that all guns are serviceable.
d. Prepare a chalkboard to illustrate the backblast
danger area.
8 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
7. Miscellaneous:
a. Number the section in groups of three and allocated
one group per gun prior to safety precautions.
b. Use initial order for the commencement of each
practice stage, i.e. safety precautions: NO. 1 and
NO. 2s OUT AND CARRY OUT SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS, thereafter call out CHANGE.
Explain this system of control prior to the first
practice stage.
c. Ensure that as parts are stripped, they are put in a
clean place.
d. When handling the various parts, the instructor is to
name them and their purpose. However, at this
stage, the soldier is not expected to memorize all the
names.
e. Emphasize that stripping and assembling should be
carried with reasonable care and never practiced
against time.
f. Cleaning in adverse conditions can be taught by
question and answer using prior knowledge of the
personal weapon.
g. Live ammunition is not to be used under any
circumstances.
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 9
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
11. The M2/M3 Carl Gustav system is found in the infantry
platoon command post (CP) and along with the Eryx constitutes the
principle first-line anti-armour gun. Because of its light weight (M3),
simple operation and manoeuvrability, the Carl Gustav can be used in
all phases of war. The Carl Gustav also has the ability to withstand
rigorous arctic, tropic and desert conditions (see Instructor's Notes).
CHARACTERISTICS
10 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
firing. When siting the weapon, it must be realized
that the arc of fire will determine the overall
backblast area. The gun can be fired from wooded
areas as long as there are no major obstacles in the
backblast area.
g. Sub-calibre Devices. The weapon has two sub-
calibre devices: FFV 553, which fires a 7.62 mm
tracer round, and the L1A2, which fires 6.5 mm
tracer. Refer to lessons 6 and 7.
h. Rate of Fire. The maximum rate of fire is five
rounds per minute with the high explosive dual
purpose (HEDP) ammo and six rounds per minute
with the high explosive antitank rocket-assisted
projectile (HEAT RAP) and target practice rocket-
assisted projectile (TP RAP) round.
13. Confirm by Questions.
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 11
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
DESCRIPTION
12 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 13
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
knob towards the rear to ensure that it is fully
locked.
g. Move the safety catch to “FIRE” and operate the
trigger mechanism.
17. Confirm by Questions and Practice.
AMMUNITION RECOGNITION
14 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 15
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
16 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
time of flight. It has an electric fusing system. It
can penetrate armour 400 mm thick. The fuse
becomes armed at 5 to 15 m from the muzzle of the
gun. Figures 2-6 and 2-7 show the major
components of the ammunition.
Figure 2-6: Cartridge Case Assembly FFV 551, With Colour Code
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 17
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
18 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 19
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
20 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 21
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
SIGHTS AND ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
22 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 23
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
24 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
NOTE
Cleaning swabs for the .50 calibre machine gun are to be
included in the cleaning kit to clean the firing mechanism.
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 25
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
(5) Move the cocking lever as far forward as
possible. Remove the rear end cap and,
using a screwdriver, lift the firing pin
straight out. If the firing pin washer comes
out, it is to be replaced carefully.
(6) For cleaning, unscrew the two retaining
screws of the cocking lever and remove the
lever. Swing the front mount housing to
one side so that when the trigger is pressed
the cocking rod can be withdrawn from the
front of the firing mechanism tube.
b. To Assemble. Replace the parts in reverse order.
c. Test After Assembly. After assembly a brief test
should be conducted as follows:
(1) Cock gun, place safety catch to “SAFE,”
press trigger. The gun should not fire.
(2) Place safety catch to “FIRE” and press the
trigger. The action should fire.
25. Confirm by Practice.
CLEANING
26 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
g. Under no circumstances is the telescope to be
stripped. The metal parts are to be wiped clean and
lightly oiled. Dust is to be removed from the lens by
lightly dusting with the small brush provided, then
gently polishing with the issued cloth. Check that
the rubber eye guard is serviceable.
h. For cleaning under normal conditions, use only the
oil issued.
27. Confirm by Practice.
28. Cleaning Before, During and After Firing. Explain and
demonstrate as necessary:
a. Before Firing. Thoroughly dry out the barrel and
venturi from the breech end and wipe all surplus oil
from the interior.
b. During Firing. During firing, clean the venturi and
chamber quickly with a pad of cotton waste or rag.
This is particularly important if unburnt propellant is
present in the chamber.
c. After Firing. Do the following:
(1) Remove fouling from the breech and barrel
using the dry nylon brush.
(2) Clean and oil the weapon as for daily
cleaning.
(3) If it is not possible to clean immediately, oil
the barrel and inner surface of the venturi.
This will loosen the fouling and assist in
cleaning later.
(4) Clean the firing mechanism tube using the
cleaning rod and brush from the .50 calibre
machine gun cleaning equipment.
(5) Pay special attention to daily cleaning for
three days following firing.
29. Confirm by Questions.
30. Cleaning in Adverse Conditions. Use leading questions:
a. Hot, Sandy or Extremely Dusty Areas:
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 27
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
(1) all oil must be removed from the weapon to
prevent the accumulation of sand or dirt;
and
(2) care must be taken to prevent the formation
of rust.
b. Arctic Conditions. All oil must be removed and
moving parts lubricated with graphite or special oil
for the cold.
c. Extreme Dampness:
(1) the entire weapon should be covered with a
heavy film of oil; and
(2) the weapon should be closely checked for
rust.
31. Confirm by Questions.
CONCLUSION
28 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
LESSON 2
FIRING POSITIONS—LOADING AND UNLOADING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 29
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
as the No 2. Use the command CHANGE
AROUND and explain the system of change around.
c. During demonstrations that require a crew of two,
select a student to assist.
d. Do not fit telescopes during this lesson.
e. Before instructing loading drills, point out the
“cartridge guide” on the gun and ammunition.
FIRING POSITIONS
30 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
c. the target is moving; and
d. the arc of fire can be adequately covered.
14. Kneeling Position. Explain and demonstrate the following:
a. The No. 1 is to:
(1) Offset the mount in the rear housing and
adopt the normal kneeling position.
(2) Hold the pistol grip with the right hand,
forefinger along the trigger guard. The left
hand grips the front grip.
(3) Pull the gun firmly into the shoulder and
rest the left elbow on the left knee. The
mount will then be against the chest.
(4) To engage a moving target, raise the body
until the upper part of the right leg is
vertical, hold the left arm close to the chest
and swing from the waist.
b. The No. 2 is to kneel opposite the No. 1's right
shoulder and conform to any change in position
made by him. Sometimes, depending on the cover,
he may need to be on the same side as the No. 1.
B-GL-385-009/PT-001 31
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
32 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
34 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Basic Skills
18. Standing Position. Explain and demonstrate the following:
a. The standing position may be used when firing from
high cover, a fire trench or a gun emplacement.
b. Stand half right to the target, body evenly balanced
on both feet about half a metre apart, with the left
hand holding the front grip.
c. In the open, the gun may be steadied with the left
hand supporting the right hand instead of holding the
front mount housing.
d. The No. 2 is to stand close to the No. 1.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
(1) The No. 1 will lie down with his body as
near as possible at right angles to the gun.
Bring the right leg over the left. It is
important that no part of the body be
behind the gun. The mount may be put in
either mount housing.
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Repeat the order STOP, put the Frequently check the backblast
safety catch to “SAFE” and stop area and if it is not clear at any
the engagement until the time when the gun is loaded,
backblast area is clear. order STOP.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
NOTE
1. Choice of Operating Mode. Explain the choices
based on the type of target:
a. For lightly armoured vehicles, set the
fuse to “I” (instantaneous).
b. Against fortified defensive positions, set
the fuse to “D” for delay—this means that
the shell will penetrate the target before
bursting.
c. If there is high risk of ricochet, use the
“I” setting.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
40 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
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b. For all types of ammunition, on the order
UNLOAD, the Carl Gustav crew will carry out the
following:
CONCLUSION
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
b. Confirm all the teaching points by questions and
practice on loading and unloading in all positions
with all types of ammunition.
c. Reinforce normal safety precautions.
d. Summarize the lesson, emphasizing the following
points:
(1) the factors which influence the choice of a
good firing position;
(2) the importance of always considering the
backblast area of the gun;
(3) regardless of the firing position adopted,
loading and unloading are always carried
out in the same way;
(4) know the differences between loading the
FFV 502 and the FFV 551 and 552.
e. Provide a preview of the next lesson in this subject.
f. Pack kit.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
LESSON 3
USE OF SIGHTS AND AIMING AT STATIONARY AND
MOVING TARGETS
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
7. Miscellaneous:.
a. Ideally, representative targets should be photographs
of likely enemy AFVs and depict different directions
of movement. Confirmation can take place
outdoors.
b. Number the section in groups of three and allocate
one gun to each group prior to safety precautions.
c. Explain the change around procedure.
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a. Main Battle Tank (MBT). Main battle tanks are
particularly vulnerable near the turret ring, the sides
and rear of the hull. Ammunition is usually located
within the fighting compartment and to the sides of
the driver. A frontal shot will probably not destroy
an MBT.
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46 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
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(2) Light Green Figures. The right or inner
figures range from zero (0) to 1,300 m (13),
marked every hundred, in divisions of
50 m (.5). These figures are used for
NATO country HE and SMOKE
ammunition.
c. Two parallel grooves around the circumference of
the knob have a number of dimples in which a
spring loaded detent plunger can engage to lock the
knob at the required range.
d. The sight pattern consists of a vertical pointer, the
tip of which is used to aim at stationary, head on or
withdrawing targets. On either side of the pointer
are lead marks: lead one a small square, lead two a
short vertical line, lead three between two long
vertical lines and lead four the far long vertical line.
The inverted small line is used for aiming at vehicles
moving faster than 50 km/h. Leads will vary for
diagonal crossings. The horizontal lines are used to
assist in maintaining elevation when aiming.
e. On the top and on the left of the telescope, there is
an elevation and horizontal drum scale respectively.
These allow the telescopic sight pattern to be
adjusted during boresighting and zeroing and are
locked into position by locking screws.
f. After adjustment of the drums, the scale is read
against index lines which are colour coded as
follows:
(1) White Dot. It is used to zero the scale
when boresighting at all temperatures and
is the drum zero index at all temperatures
from -10°C to 30°C.
(2) Red Dot. It is used as the drum zero index
at temperatures above 30°C.
(3) Blue Dot. It is used as the drum zero index
at ammunition temperatures below -10°C.
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17. Confirm by Questions.
18. Telescopic Sight/Aiming at Stationary Targets. Explain
and demonstrate how to aim at a stationary target:
a. Estimate the range to the target to the nearest 50 m
and set it on the range drum.
b. Position the right eye up against the eyepiece and
move the head back until a full view or proper eye
relief is obtained through the telescope.
c. Aim the top of the pointer on the selected point of
aim (this should be the most vulnerable area
exposed).
NOTE
The range drum should be set at zero when not in use.
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CONCLUSION
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
LESSON 4
BASIC MECHANISM, FIRING AND MISFIRE DRILLS
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
b. Explain that during the practice stage, when a
number is called out, that man is to act as No. 1 on
the gun and the second number called is to act as
No. 2. Use the command CHANGE AROUND and
explain the system of change around.
c. During the practice stage of misfire and further
action drills, use the commands WEAPON FAILS
TO FIRE, MISFIRE, PRIMER STRUCK,
PRIMER NOT STRUCK, 60 SECONDS ARE
UP.
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FIRING
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
MISFIRE DRILLS
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b. A misfire is caused by either a faulty firing
mechanism or a faulty round.
16. Misfire drills. Explain and demonstrate the following:
Primer struck.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
CONCLUSION
60 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
LESSON 5
BORESIGHTING THE TELESCOPE AND IRON SIGHTS
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
b. If there are no fire trenches available, the prone
position is to be used.
c. If available, an extra telescopic sight for the
instructor is a useful aid.
d. Due to the rifling, the front boresight can be levelled
by pulling out the iron foresight and checking it
against the horizontal bars.
e. The ideal situation is to have the detachment
commander act as the No. 3 to adjust the telescopic
sight.
BORESIGHTING
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b. Front Boresight. This is inserted into the muzzle so
that the straight edges of the boresight are horizontal
and uppermost.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
ADJUSTING THE M2 TELESCOPIC SIGHT FOR
ELEVATION AND DEFLECTION
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on the body of the telescope. Finally, the central
screw is tightened.
e. The deflection drum has a similar plate held by a
central screw and is also marked in mils. After
adjustment for direction, the plate is to be similarly
reset so that the zero is opposite its white index dot
on the body of the telescope. See Figure 2-31.
15. Confirm by Practice. Fit the telescopic sight to each gun.
16. Boresighting the Telescopic Sight. Explain and
demonstrate:
a. Select a target not less than 400 m away and indicate
it to the No. 2.
b. Set the range drum at zero, slacken the elevation and
direction drum lock screws.
c. Ensure that the gun is firmly mounted on the
boresighting stand. If the stand is not available, both
No. 1 and No. 2 adopt the prone position, with No. 2
lying directly in the rear of the gun looking through
the bore.
d. The No. 2 is to aim the boresights at the target and
report ON when a correct aim is laid.
e. If the top of the pointer in the telescope is not
pointing at the target, the No. 1 will loosen the lock
screws and rotate the elevation and deflection drums
as taught until the aim pictures through the boresight
and telescope coincide.
f. The team then changes places and agrees on the
accuracy of the boresighting.
g. Tighten both lock screws, relay the bore and check
that the telescope is still on. Reset both the
elevation and deflection plates to zero.
h. The axis of the bore now coincides with the line of
sight through the telescope with zero range applied.
i. If, at any stage, the cross check by the No. 1 and
No. 2 shows an error, then the bore must be re-laid
and the procedure carried out again.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
17. Confirm by Practice. Ensure that the telescopic sight is
correctly boresighted at the end of the practice stage. (Remove
telescopic sights at end of practice.)
18. The Iron Sights. See Figures 2-32 and 2-33 depending on
whether the Carl Gustav is M2 or M3. Explain and demonstrate the
following:
a. Point out the nut on the right and the screw on the
left for adjusting the M2 backsight aperture
(Figure 2-32) and/or the deflection drum for the M3
(Figure 2-33).
b. To correct an elevation error during boresighting,
turn the range drum as for sight setting. To reset the
scale, loosen the screw on the range indicator and
position the centre of the white line at zero on the
range scale. Tighten the screw.
c. Errors in direction are corrected by moving the
backsight aperture laterally. For the M2, when it is
to be corrected to the left, loosen the screw on the
left of the sight block and tighten the nut, thus
moving the aperture to the left. If the error is to the
right, the nut must first be loosened and the screw
tightened. For the M3, loosen the direction
adjustment screw underneath the backsight aperture
in order to slide the backsight aperture to the left or
right. Then, retighten the direction adjustment
screw.
d. or the M2, the backsight aperture scale is graduated
in mils, plus or minus, from a central point. After
final adjustment for elevation, the reading is to be
noted.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
CONCLUSION
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c. Reinforce normal safety precautions.
d. Summarize the lesson, emphasizing the following
points:
(1) the importance of choosing an aiming
target not less than 400 m away; and
(2) the importance of care in using the
elevation and deflection drum lock screws.
e. Provide a preview of the next lesson in this subject.
f. Pack kit.
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LESSON 6
THE SUB-CALIBRE TRAINING DEVICE—FFV 553
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
b. Remind students that during the practice stage, when
a number is called out, that number is to act as No. 1
on the gun and the next number is to act as No. 2.
Use the command CHANGE AROUND and
explain the system of change around.
c. It must be kept in mind that the absence of backblast
tends to induce carelessness and loose holding.
These points must be checked at all times.
d. Functioning of the sub-calibre device is found in the
Instructor's Notes of Lesson 4 in this chapter.
CHARACTERISTICS
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the foresight. Obviously, the gun must have been
previously zeroed.
f. The 7.62 mm tracer round FFV 553 is intended for
use when firing at ranges up to 700 m. The device is
fired by the shock wave from a cap.
12. Confirm by Questions.
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DESCRIPTION
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
AMMUNITION
NOTE
Do not try to fire normal 7.62 mm tracer ball ammunition in the
sub-calibre training device.
Figure 2-36: The 7.62 mm Tracer Round FFV 553 with Holder FFV 840
16. Confirm by Questions.
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PRIMING THE DEVICE
Figure 2-37: The 7.62 mm Tracer Round FFV 553 (Placed into the
Adapter)
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
Figure 2-38: Loading the FFV 840 Cap with Holder into the SCTD
19. Confirm by Practice.
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Figure 2-39: Loading and Setting the SCTD into the Gun
b. Firing. The operation of the gun is the same as
when firing the FFV 551 ammo.
c. Unload:
(1) Cock the gun, place the safety catch at
“SAFE” and keep the gun pointed in a safe
direction.
(2) Open the venturi.
(3) Set the adapter to “S.”
(4) Remove the sub-calibre device from the
gun by pushing forward the venturi locking
knob.
(5) When reloading the 84 mm, do the normal
load as described above.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
21. Confirm by Practice.
MISFIRE DRILLS
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e. Jammed Device. If a device becomes jammed in
the chamber, seek the assistance of a weapons tech.
23. Confirm by Questions and Practice.
CONCLUSION
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
(2) the requirement to call in the weapons tech
in the event of a jammed or suspect device;
and
(3) the need to ensure the device is in a
“FIRED” condition before storage.
e. Provide a preview of the next lesson in this subject.
f. Pack kit.
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LESSON 7
SUB-CALIBRE TRAINING DEVICE L1A2—6.5MM
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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CONDUCT OF THE LESSON
DESCRIPTION
84 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
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sleeve to prevent the sub-calibre rounds and
dirt from getting inside the body.
(2) Barrel. A sleeved barrel, to which the
firing mechanism is attached, is mounted in
the barrel and is held in place by a barrel
mounting screw. The barrel protrudes
through a hole at the front end of the body.
To prevent dust from getting inside, a
rubber cap covers the space between the
barrel and the body. Four equidistant
zeroing screws are used to align the barrel
to the gun when zeroing. The barrel is
equipped with a brass tip, which prevents
damage to the 84 mm gun sight during
loading.
NOTE
The sleeved barrel and the barrel sleeve can be removed
from the body only by a weapons tech. The barrel and its
sleeve can be mounted in the body 180 degrees off centre,
which is liable to cause malfunctioning and damage.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
OPERATION
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c. Disarming the SCTD:
(1) ensure that the SCTD is aimed at the target;
(2) unscrew the adapter counter-clockwise;
(3) withdraw the round from the notch in the
front of the adapter; and
(4) replace the adapter in the base of the body.
14. Confirm by Practice. Leave the device primed.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
16. S/C Jam. If the S/C jams in the chamber and remains
jammed despite normal unload action, put the weapon down and point
it towards the target. A weapons tech is required to remove the S/C.
17. Confirm by Practice.
MISFIRE DRILLS
20. SCTD Tool Kit. Explain and describe the contents of the
SCTD tool kit.
21. Care and Cleaning. Explain and demonstrate the following:
a. After firing exercises, the SCTD adapter must be
cleaned. The tools shown at figure 2-41 are
provided for this purpose.
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b. Remove the adapter and clean the trigger
mechanism and breech. Clean the barrel with the
bristle brush and the pull through, using a
flannelette swab size 100 x 38 mm.
c. After cleaning, leave the SCTD slightly oiled, screw
it back into the weapon and action the trigger
mechanism. The adaptor must never remain
cocked, as this reduces the spring tension and can
cause misfires.
d. Unload the device and replace it with the cleaning
tools in their case.
22. Confirm by Practice.
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CONCLUSION
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
LESSON 8
HANDLING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
d. lay out the weapons and equipment sufficient to
equip the section in three-man groups.
7. Miscellaneous:
a. During the practice stages, detail and equip 3 man
teams. The third rifleman is normally an assessor,
but occasionally he should act as part of the team.
b. The film Tank Killing (catalogue No. 07233) 66 mm
film may be used as an introduction to this lesson.
c. The section is to carry out personal camouflage. Fit
a telescopic sight to each gun.
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COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONS OF A SRAAW(M) TEAM
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
a. Cover from view must, whenever possible, include
concealment of the backblast. This may be achieved
by siting in defilade so that the arc of fire is at right
angles to the line of approach of enemy AFVs.
Then, when firing, the backblast may be hidden
from supporting AFVs by the cover selected.
b. A position in defilade gives the added advantage of
firing at the more vulnerable side of the AFV.
c. There should be room for the two-man team to
operate, although if the cover or space dictates the
No. 2 can work from the left side (as taught).
d. Alternate positions capable of covering the same
task are to be selected.
e. Routes to alternate positions must be planned and
marked, particularly in close country and at night.
f. Ammunition, in its containers, must be concealed
yet readily available. Personal weapons must also
be in hand.
g. If other riflemen are part of the team, their positions
must be concealed and sited so that they can provide
the necessary local protection.
h. The No. 1 needs early warning of the approach of
enemy AFVs into his arcs or killing zone. The other
members of the team may be used in this role.
Nevertheless, knowledge of the situation and
continuous updating is the best defence.
17. Backblast Danger Area. Explain. The section is to view
the prepared layout of the backblast danger area. Question them on
the dimensions and discuss the problems associated with the various
types of cover.
18. Use of Various Types of Cover. Explain. In addition to the
general factors, specific matters relating to the type of cover available
must be considered. These are covered in the following paragraphs.
19. The Fire Trench. Explain and demonstrate the following:
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a. This is normally a prepared position in defence and
the normal rifleman's “I” trench is suitable.
b. Position the mount in the front housing (M2 only)
and adjust it to suit the elbow rest and yet give
muzzle clearance over the parapet.
c. Brace the back against the rear wall of the trench.
The No. 2 is to ensure that the venturi is above
ground level and clear of the rear face of the trench.
d. Use the left-hand section of the trench to enable the
No. 2 to work on the right of the gun and permit
storage of ammunition under the overhead cover of
the trench.
e. The gun may be loaded, safety catch applied and
laid front to rear across the trench.
20. Fold in the Ground and Low Cover. Explain and
demonstrate the following:
a. The height of the cover may dictate the use of the
lying position, therefore, the size of the arc and the
killing zone may be greatly reduced.
b. Use the mount in the front housing but check
carefully for muzzle clearance.
c. The need for a rising line of sight and clearance for
the backblast danger area may be difficult to
achieve.
d. Low cover may require the firing position to be
modified to achieve concealment.
e. Similarly, the limitation of the cover may require the
No. 2 to load and operate from the left side of the
gun.
21. Built Up Areas. Explain and demonstrate the following:
a. Due to the problems of backblast debris and damage
to hearing, confined spaces (narrow streets and
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
rooms) should be avoided except in extreme
emergency.
b. If forced to fire within a room, open all doors and
windows to help reduce the effect of overpressure.
c. Garden walls and demolished buildings provide
adequate cover for use of the normal firing
positions.
d. Firing parallel to a wall may help to conceal the
backblast and also provides an alternative to having
the wall directly behind the gun and within the
backblast danger area.
e. Again, the No. 2 may be required to operate from
the left side of the gun in order to allow the No. 1 to
make maximum use of the cover.
22. Weapon Safety. Explain the following:
a. When moving to a planned fire position, the gun
may be loaded in dead ground close to the position
provided that the safety catch is on “SAFE.”
b. Care must be taken when occupying an alternate
position quickly that ammunition and equipment are
NOT positioned in the backblast danger area.
c. When preparing to move, ammunition container lids
must be replaced and tools and spare parts secured
in their respective bags.
23. Confirm by Practice:
a. Detail and equip two-man teams.
b. Indicate areas of work to cater for various types of
cover.
c. Brief teams on the direction of enemy AFV
approaches.
d. Critique siting, cover and concealment. View from
the enemy position.
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e. Have teams move tactically from fire position to fire
position, and have the No. 3 of each team critique
their movement.
f. Discuss the positioning of other members of the
team, where applicable.
CONCLUSION
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ANNEX A
BASIC INSTRUCTION—SRAAW(M) CARL GUSTAV M2/M3
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
1 Normal Carl Gustav a. Gun unloaded and placed on the Note: Do not
safety with training ground with training ammunition. give a pass if a
precau- ammunition safety error
tions b. Order the soldier to carry out has been
normal safety precautions: committed.
1. cock the gun by pushing the
cocking lever forward towards
the pistol grip;
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PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
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Annex A
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
1. Primer struck:
106 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Annex A
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
2. Mechanical breakdown:
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PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
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Annex A
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
110 B-GL-385-009/PT-001
Annex A
PASS/
SER TEST EQPT CONDITIONS MARKING
FAIL
d. Misfire drills:
1. Initially the drills are as listed in
Lesson 4.
2.. Misfire—unload. The No. 2 is to
repeat MISFIRE—UNLOAD,
unseat the device and check the
adapter:
a) If set at "S." check the primer
then reload and continue the
shoot.
b) If set at "F," check the
primer. If the primer has been
struck, the sub-calibre device is
defective; load a new sub-calibre
device and continue the shoot.
During this time, the first sub-
calibre device is to be defused to
determine whether it was a fault
in the percussion of the sub-
calibre device or the cartridge
primer.
c) If the primer has not been
struck, the defect is in the striker
of the gun. Complete the
unloading of the gun, strip it and
replace the defective part.
e. Unload:
1. Cock the gun, place the safety
catch at safe “S” and keep the
gun pointed in a safe direction.
2. Open venturi.
3. Set the adapter to “S.”
4. Remove the sub-calibre device
from the gun by pushing
forward the venture locking
knob.
5. When reloading, do the normal
load with FFV 551 ammo.
f. Depriming. Proceed in the
reverse order for priming the device
as shown in para 1.
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CHAPTER 3
PRACTICE LESSONS
GENERAL
COMPETITION
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c. Marks can be awarded up to a given total, or
instructors may begin with a total and deduct marks
for mistakes as the competition progresses.
d. A score chart drawn on the chalkboard or a sheet of
paper on which to mark the results should always be
used, as it will create interest.
e. Further interest can always be attained by making
one team or individual watch another to find faults
which results in the awarding or deducting of marks.
f. Above all the instructor must make certain that
competitions are simple and realistic, i.e., that they
exercise the soldier's ability to perform particular
skills.
g. Within each practice lesson there is a final practice
competition. Scores and standards achieved can be
assessed by the instructor and used as a basis for
continued training and practice to correct weak
points. During advanced training the standard for
the final practice competition is to match those laid
down in the handling tests where applicable.
NIGHT LESSONS
NBC LESSONS
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PRACTICE LESSON 1
STRIPPING, CARE AND CLEANING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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c. questions for the section on handling and safe
handling are to be carefully planned and should be
general questions not related to skills.
SUGGESTED PRACTICES
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13. Cleaning:
a. have the section practice cleaning;
b. question the section in cleaning in adverse
conditions and the use of the contents of the No. 2
bag; and
c. assemble the guns.
14. Ammunition and Safe Handling. Question the section on
the recognition of all types of ammunition and on safe handling.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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PRACTICE LESSON 2
FIRING POSITIONS, LOADING, UNLOADING AND AIMING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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LOADING AND
AIMING AND SIGHTSETTING TOTAL
NAME UNLOADING
HPS 15 HPS 25
HPS 10
SUGGESTED PRACTICES
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13. Aiming:
a. question the section on the vulnerable areas of the
various types of AFV;
b. further questions on correct points of aim allowing
for speed and direction of movement; and
c. include problems associated with both telescopic
and iron sights.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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PRACTICE LESSON 3
SAFETY, STRIPPING, ASSEMBLING AND GUN DRILLS AT
NIGHT
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES—GENERAL
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e. To score, deduct one point for each mistake and five
points for each safety error.
7. Miscellaneous:
a. When carrying out normal safety precautions,
extend the requirement by allowing each member of
the section to practice.
b. Number the section in groups of three, allocate each
group to a gun and explain the system of change
around.
SUGGESTED PRACTICES
FINAL PRACTICE
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b. have each team, in turn, practice “stripping,
assembling” and “loading and unloading;” and
c. record team results.
CONCLUSION
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PRACTICE LESSON 4
FIRING, MISFIRE DRILLS
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
7. Miscellaneous:
a. Although neither the final practice competition nor
the training test has a time limit, the section should
be encouraged to conduct actions quickly when
dealing with misfires.
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b. The 15-second waiting time may be reduced for
training expedience. The instructor orders TIME
UP when he considers it appropriate.
c. Be continually looking for mistakes in any drills
during target engagement and deduct marks
accordingly.
d. Number the section in groups of three. Allocate
each group to a gun and explain the system of
change around.
e. During the practice of misfire drills, use the
command MISFIRE, TIME UP to the No. 1 and
LIGHTLY STRUCK, or NOT STRUCK to the
No. 2.
SUGGESTED PRACTICES
11. Firing. Have the section practice all firing positions in the
following:
a. the firing drill (indicate the target, the direction of
movement, range and speed);
b. corrections (plot the fall of shot); and
c. rapid reloading.
12. Action Should the Gun Fail to Fire. Have the section
practice various firing positions in the following:
a. The initial drill on a failure to fire.
b. The subsequent drill if the gun still fails to fire.
Give the necessary orders to indicate a:
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(1) FAULTY ROUND; and
(2) DAMAGED OR BROKEN PART.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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PRACTICE LESSON 5
TACTICAL HANDLING AT NIGHT
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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6. Preparation:
a. Recce the ground and select positions for the vehicle
for tank hunting. Select realistic tank lines of
approach, ambush positions and killing zones.
b. Brief the vehicle driver on his actions and the
method of communication.
c. Fit telescopic sights, layout the SRAAW(M) team
equipment and weapons by groups including drill
rounds and camouflage material.
d. Chamber test all the drill rounds.
e. Prepare a paper on clipboard as follows:
NIGHT PRACTICE
15. Brief the driver and critics and allow them time to move into
position. The SRAAW(M) team and section are to prepare in a safe
area. Conduct the practice and debrief the section and any critics used.
16. Organize the section, detail a different SRAAW(M) team and
repeat exercise.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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PRACTICE LESSON 6
NBCD HANDLING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
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e. Prepare chalkboard for the final practice as follows:
SUGGESTED PRACTICE
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b. alternate within the section until each soldier has
practiced the duties as No. 1 and No. 2 on the gun;
and
c. repeat the practice under state TOPP HIGH
conditions and later introduce a time limit.
12. Sight Setting, Aiming and Firing.
a. have the section practice setting sights to varying
ranges on both telescopic and iron sights;
b. have the gun numbers practice in aiming and firing
with the telescopic and iron sights at stationary and
moving targets; and
c. use assessors to check for errors.
13. Action Should Gun Fail to Fire. Have the section practice
the various fire positions in the following:
a. the initial drill on a failure to fire; and
b. the subsequent drill if the gun still fails to fire giving
the necessary orders to indicate:
(1) a faulty round; and
(2) a damaged or broken part.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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a. answer questions from the class on the entire lesson;
b. reinforce normal safety precautions;
c. summarize the lesson, emphasizing the overall
standard achieved and any weak points;
d. provide a preview of the next lesson in this subject;
and
e. pack kit.
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PRACTICE LESSON 7
NBC TACTICAL HANDLING
INSTRUCTOR'S NOTES
7. Miscellaneous:
a. Number the section in groups of three and allocate
each group to a gun for the initial movement and
selection of a fire position. Then prepare the groups
as a section for either the tank hunting or setting an
ambush.
b. Alternate members of each group through the duties
of No. 1, No. 2 and assessor throughout the practice.
c. The section will be placed on state “TOPP LOW.”
SUGGESTED PRACTICES
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a. methods of carriage and movement across varied
types of ground;
b. adoption of various types of fire positions and
weapon handling drills; and
c. change the gun numbers and critics and conduct the
practice again.
12. Tank Hunting. The group is to be equipped as a section.
Section instructor is to act as section commander. Position the enemy
vehicle, brief the driver and any assessors.
13. Tank Ambush. Position the vehicle and brief on his line of
approach and signal to move.
FINAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
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CHAPTER 4
INFORMATION FOR INSTRUCTORS
SECTION 1
DESCRIPTION, AMMUNITION, STRIPPING, ASSEMBLY
AND CLEANING
1. General. It may be necessary, working in extreme
conditions of sand or dust, to strip and clean areas of the gun that have
not been previously taught. Such further stripping is to be carried out
only by those officers and NCOs who have received instruction on the
subject on a recognized course. The information for the instructor is
provided as general information and is not to be taught on basic skill
lessons.
2. Data. Not all of the data contained in this article is of
importance to the infantry soldier and is provided as supporting
information for instructors.
3. General Data:
a. Total weight of weapon with cleaning equipment,
tools, gun board and gun cover (canvas) is 29.5 kg
(M2) and 21.5 kg (M3).
b. Weight of the weapon with face pad and sling is
14.2 kg (M2) and 8.5 kg (M3 without the impact
protector).
c. Weight of mount is 0.8 kg (M2) and 0.5 kg (M3).
d. Weight of telescopic sight unit M2 is 0.91 kg.
e. Weight of gun with mount and telescopic sight unit
is 15.91 kg (M2) and 9.91 kg (M3).
f. Length of gun is 113 cm (M2) and 106.5 cm (M3).
4. Barrel:
a. Bore. Made up of land and grooves:
(1) Diameter—84 mm.
(2) Twist of rifling, right hand, irregular
(accelerating); one turn in 43 calibres (i.e.,
84 mm x 43 calibres = 3.612 mm for a full
turn).
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(3) Length of barrel without the venturi—
84.3mm.
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with high penetrating power. Safety
features are included in the fusing
system,which allow the shell to be fired
through brush and scrub without igniting.
(3) The cartridge has the following
characteristics:
(a) maximum range—up to 700 m;
(b) time of flight:
i. 400 m—1.3 s;
ii. 500 m—1.6 s;
iii. 600 m—1.9 s; and
iv. 700 m—2.2 s.
(c) arming distance—5 to 15 m;
(d) maximum angle of impact—
800 mils to normal impact;
(e) penetration, solid armour—up to
400 mm; and
(f) operating temperature range—
-40°C to +60°C.
(4) Description. The projectile assembly
consists of the following main parts:
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generator, an arming
device with an electric
detonator and an inflight
safety device.
(ii) To prevent accidental
arming of the rotor in the
arming device, there are
two mechanical safety
devices which function
independently of each
other.
(d) Rocket motor:
(i) The motor body is made
of light alloy. The base
of the shell forms the
front closure of the rocket
chamber. The aft closure,
also of light alloy, has a
rocket motor nozzle and
contains the delay unit
and the ignition charge.
The rocket motor charge
consists of about 300 g of
smokeless double base
propellant.
(ii) On firing, the propellant
gases ignite the delay
composition, which, in
turn, ignites the ignition
charge of the rocket
motor through the delay
unit intermediate charge.
The ignition charge then
ignites the rocket motor
charge and the pressure
rises. To ensure effective
ignition of the rocket
propellant, the delay unit
has been designed to
leave the nozzle when the
motor pressure exceeds a
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predetermined figure.
The shell is then about 18
m in front of the gun. On
leaving the nozzle, the
delay unit continues
forward in the line of fire
at slow speed. The
rocket motor propellant
burns for 1.5 seconds.
(e) Stabilizing Unit. This unit is
fitted to the aft closure of the
rocket motor during assembly of
the cartridge and consists of a light
alloy fin section and a plunger
device with two non-return gas
valves.
(f) Slipping Ring. This teflon ring is
located externally between the aft
closure of the rocket motor and the
stabilizing unit. Although the
shell is fired from a rifled barrel,
the slipping ring ensures that the
rate of spin does not reach a
rotation that would degrade the fin
stabilization of the shell or the
hollow-charge performance of the
high explosive.
b. Cartridge 84 mm TP RAP FFV 552:
(1) Performance. The target practice (TP)
projectile FFV 552 is the practice version
of the HEAT round FFV 551 and has the
same ballistic characteristics.
(2) The practice projectile resembles the HEAT
RAP FFV 551 counterpart only in the area
of the rocket motor and aft closure. The
remaining components are made largely
from aluminum alloy and contain no
explosives. The weight of the explosives
omitted is made up by using a thick walled
forward portion.
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(4) The container descends slowly with its
parachute brake, giving an average
30 seconds of illumination.
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Carl Gustav—Short Range Anti-armour Weapon (Medium)
b. Unscrew the extractor axis screw and remove the
extractor with spring. Separate the extractor and
spring by removing the screw.
c. Assembly is in reverse order. Care must be taken
when replacing the sear to ensure the claw is
towards the venturi, with the spring towards the
barrel.
d. Using the sight-adjusting tool, remove the retaining
nut and push out the pivot pin. Assemble in the
reverse order.
e. Remove the extractor retaining screw and remove
the spring. Assemble in reverse order.
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(2) Before adjustments are made on the zeroing
screws, the grub screws must be loosened
and after every adjustment they must be
tightened.
(3) To adjust the MPI, always move the barrel
in the direction the shot is to go; that is, if
the MPI is to move to the right, loosen the
right hand screw and tighten the left.
(4) One half turn of the zeroing screws will
move the MPI approximately 250 mm at
100 metres. A correctly zeroed adapter will
have the MPI fall on the correct zero
position (CZP), which is level with the
point of aim and 100 mm to the right of it.
This compensates for the distance between
the line of sight and axis of the barrel,
which are theoretically parallel after
boresighting. The permissible variation at
100 m is 100 mm in all directions from the
CZP.
(5) Both the casing and adapter are numbered;
hence prior to use, ensure that the numbers
correspond.
(6) The correct sequence of zeroing is to first
rough zero and then zero, as described in
the present chapter. The gun must be
boresighted before starting.
c. Rough Zeroing the Device:
(1) Place the front boresight in the muzzle of
the weapon. Remove the adapter from the
device and place the device in the weapon.
Close the venturi and place the rear
boresight in the back of the venturi.
(2) Sight through the rear boresight down the
barrel of the device to the muzzle boresight.
Remove the device, and bring the centre of
the barrel onto the centre of the front
boresight with the zeroing screws by trial
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Information for Instructors
and error. Replace and remove as
necessary.
d. Zeroing:
(1) Prepare the device for firing and carry out
loading drills.
(2) With the telescopic sight unit set at 100 m,
fire a three round group.
(3) Check the MPI of the group and make
lateral and vertical adjustments as
necessary to superimpose the MPI on the
CZP. Fire a three round group after each
adjustment.
(4) When the zero has been established with
the telescopic sight unit, a group should be
fired using the open sight to check its zero.
If it has been boresighted correctly, it
should be aligned.
(5) The 6.5 mm tracer projectile does not
conform exactly to full calibre ballistics at
all ranges.
11. L1A2 Sub-calibre Firing Mechanism:
a. Cocking Action:
(1) By drawing back on the cocking cap with
the cocking tool, the entire firing pin
housing is drawn to the rear. This
compresses the firing pin spring between
the firing pin and the firing spring rear
seating.
(2) When the firing pin housing has been
drawn approximately half way to the rear,
the hooked end of the safety sear clears its
safety cocking notch, allowing it to rotate
under the influence of its sear spring so that
the hooked end is in front of and in line
with its safety cocking notch. This
prevents the accidental firing of the device.
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(3) When the firing pin housing has been
drawn fully to the rear of the toe of the
cocking sear, it rotates under the influence
of its sear spring. When the cocking tool is
removed, the firing pin housing moves
forward until the cocking notch bears
against the toe of the cocking sear holding
the firing pin to the rear. The mechanism is
now cocked.
b. Safe Position. When the firing mechanism of the
adapter is positioned at "S," both the cocking sear
and the safety sear are positioned out of alignment
with their respective firing plunger. Neither sear can
become disengaged.
c. Action When Rotating from “S” to “F”:
(1) When the mechanism is rotated from "S" to
"F," the cocking and safety sears are moved
into alignment with their respective firing
and safety plungers.
(2) The action of rotating the mechanism to the
"F" position must be done prior to inserting
the body fully into the parent weapon
because, once the adapter is fully inserted
into the gun, the safety plunger protrudes
through the inside of the casing of the
adapter, thus restricting the rotation of the
mechanism. There is still no danger of
accidental firing, as the safety sear is still in
position to arrest the forward movement of
the firing pin housing.
d. Action When Fully Inserted into the Parent
Weapon:
(1) When the adapter is fully inserted into the
weapon, the safety plunger is forced by the
side of the barrel to bear against the safety
sear and pivot out of alignment with its
cocking notch. The mechanism is now
positioned for firing.
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(2) The safety sear is made up of two pieces,
with a spring which causes them to work
together, as long as the hooked end of the
sear is not engaged in the safety cocking
notch. When the hooked end is engaged,
the rear portion will rotate but the sear will
not move from in front of its cocking notch,
thus preventing accidental firing on
insertion into the weapon should the
cocking sear be disengaged.
12. Firing Action:
a. When the firing pin of the 84 mm strikes the firing
plunger, it forces the plunger through its recess in
the body to strike the cocking sear.
b. The toe of the cocking sear is forced out of
engagement with its cocking notch. The firing pin
spring reasserts itself, forcing the firing pin violently
forward to strike the cap of the round.
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