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  • Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes

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    KM Onda
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    During pregnancy, hormones produced by the placenta bind to the mother's insulin receptors and interfere with insulin's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, causing insulin resistance and high blood glucose in the mother. This elevated blood glucose crosses the placenta and exposes the fetus to high levels, stimulating increased fetal insulin production and excessive growth, increasing the baby's risk for being large or macrosomic at birth. After birth, the newborn continues to produce insulin despite no longer being in a high glucose environment, making them susceptible to potentially dangerous drops in blood sugar or hypoglycemia.

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    Pathophysio of GDM.

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    During pregnancy, hormones produced by the placenta bind to the mother's insulin receptors and interfere with insulin's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, causing insulin resistance and high blood glucose in the mother. This elevated blood glucose crosses the placenta and exposes the fetus to high levels, stimulating increased fetal insulin production and excessive growth, increasing the baby's risk for being large or macrosomic at birth. After birth, the newborn continues to produce insulin despite no longer being in a high glucose environment, making them susceptible to potentially dangerous drops in blood sugar or hypoglycemia.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    3K views2 pages

    Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    KM Onda
    During pregnancy, hormones produced by the placenta bind to the mother's insulin receptors and interfere with insulin's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, causing insulin resistance and high blood glucose in the mother. This elevated blood glucose crosses the placenta and exposes the fetus to high levels, stimulating increased fetal insulin production and excessive growth, increasing the baby's risk for being large or macrosomic at birth. After birth, the newborn continues to produce insulin despite no longer being in a high glucose environment, making them susceptible to potentially dangerous drops in blood sugar or hypoglycemia.

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    of 2

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS

    Pregnancy hormones (mainly cortisol and


    progesterone; minimally human placental
    lactogen, prolactin, estradiol) bind with
    the insulin receptor

    The binding of the pregnancy hormones


    to insulin receptors interfere with the
    action of insulin
    Secure glucose supply of the fetus

    INSULIN RESISTANCE occurs


    Production of B – cells f pancreas

    Glucose cannot enter the cells properly


    Cannot be
    compensated by
    the body
    Remaining glucose in the blood stream
    causes glucose levels INSULIN RESISTANCE occurs

    Glucose travels across the placenta

    Fetus is exposed to higher glucose levels

    levels of fetal insulin

    Triggered growth stimulating effects of


    insulin

    Large body (macrosomia)

    Excessive growth

    TILLA-IN, Kristelie Mae A.


    BSN 2Y2 - 7
    AFTER BIRTH

    High glucose environment disappears

    Newborns have ongoing


    insulin production

    Susceptibility to HYPOGLYCEMIA

    TILLA-IN, Kristelie Mae A.


    BSN 2Y2 - 7

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