What is a data

warehouse?

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What is a data warehouse?

Course objectives
By completing this course, you will:

 Understand companies needs

 Understand what is a data
warehouse
 Know what are the different
database architectures
 Able to choose the best
database architecture for your
needs
What is a data warehouse?

Course topics
Course’s plan

 Companies needs
 Data warehouse concepts
 Data Warehouse Schemas
What is a data warehouse?

Companies needs
Companies needs

Preview
These are the chapters that we will approach :
 Companies specifics needs
 Solutions which can be selected
 Oracle approach
Companies needs

Companies specifics needs

 Actually, every national and world companies needs

to store a large among of data.
 This set of data can be use:
 Every day (human resources data)
 Every month (sales history)
 For generating periodical reports

 These usage are totally different for any databases

creation
Companies needs

Companies specifics needs

 For daily operation, like selecting data from the HR

schema, we need:
 Normalized schemas (based on Merise approach)
 High-performance server
 Lowest response time for users queries

 For reports operation, like selecting quarter sales

history in EMEA, we need:
 High-performance server
 High-availability
 Data up-to-date
Companies needs

Solutions which can be selected

 Many database architectures has been implemented

 2 architectures need to be quoted:
 OLTP (OnLine Transaction Processing)
 Data Warehouse

 OLTP is used to store data and query it frequently and

is based on normalized schemas (hr, sh…)
 Data warehouse is used to store data history and is
based on fact tables and dimension tables
Companies needs

Oracle approach

 Oracle offers functionalities to create either OLTP or

data warehouse database architectures

 Each storing system can be implemented to create a

“perfect needs response system”

 DBAs just need to configure a few parameters

Part 1 Stop-and-think

Do you have any questions ?

What is a data warehouse?

Data warehouse concepts

Data warehouse concepts

Preview
These are the chapters that we will approach :
 Data warehouse characteristics
 Difference between OLTP and DWH
 Data warehouse architectures
Data warehouse concepts

Data warehouse characteristics

 A data warehouse :
 Is a database created and used to query
and analyze historical data
 Is used store data for analyze instead of
processing transactions
 Is an analytic tool
Data warehouse concepts

Difference between OLTP and DWH

Comparison table
Data Warehouse OLTP

Rarely uses joins Uses (too) many joins

Is often/always used to
Does not query a large
retrieve a large among of
among of data
data

Is a “denormalized”
Is a normalized DBMS
DBMS
Data warehouse concepts

Data warehouse architectures

Basic Data Warehouse
Data warehouse concepts

Data warehouse architectures

Data Warehouse with Staging Area
Data warehouse concepts

Data warehouse architectures

Data Warehouse with Staging Area and datamarts
Data warehouse concepts

Part 2 Stop-and-think

Do you have any questions ?

What is a data warehouse?

Data Warehouse Schemas

Companies needs

Preview
These are the chapters that we will approach :
 Different Schemas
Data Warehouse Schemas

Different schemas
Different schemas are available for database design

 Star Schema
 Third Normal Form
 Snowflake Schemas

 Choices are made based on data sources and

users needs
Data Warehouse Schemas

Different schemas
Schemas characteristics
 Star Schema
 Is composed of one or many large fact tables and
many dimension tables, smallest
 Each dimension table can be join with the fact
table with PK-FK joins
 Third Normal Form
 Is a classical relational-database modeling
technique.
 Minimize data redundancy
 Snowflake Schemas
 Data are stored in many tables instead of one
large table
Data Warehouse Schemas

Different schemas
Star Schema
Data Warehouse Schemas

Different schemas
Third Norma Form
Data Warehouse Schemas

Different schemas
Snowflake Schema
Data Warehouse Schemas

Part 3 Stop-and-think

Do you have any questions ?

What is a data warehouse?

Course summary

Compagnie
Compagnie
needs
needs

Data
Data
Data
Data warehouse
warehouse
warehouse
warehouse concepts
concepts
schemas
schemas
What is a data warehouse?

For more
If you want to go into these subjects more deeply, …

Courses
Module 4: Oracle Database 10g Technical Tools

Web sites
www.supinfo.com
www.campus-booster.com
www.labo-oracle.com
 Congratulations
You have successfully completed
the SUPINFO course module n°2
What is a data warehouse?
What is a data warehouse?

The end