Financial Management For IT Services (ITSM)

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<div id="siteNotice"><script type='text/javascript'>if (wgNotice
!= '') document.writeln(wgNotice);</script></div> <h1 id="firstHea
ding" class="firstHeading">Financial Management for IT Services (ITSM)</h1>
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<h3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</
h3>
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"jump-to-nav">Jump to: <a href="#column-one">navigation</a>, <a href="#searchInp
ut">search</a></div> 
<p><b>Financial Management for IT Services (ITSM)</b> is
an <a href="/wiki/IT_Service_Management" title="IT Service Management" class="m
w-redirect">IT Service Management</a> process area. It is an element of the Serv
ice Delivery section of the <a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Infrastructure
_Library" title="Information Technology Infrastructure Library">ITIL</a> <a href
="/wiki/Best_practice" title="Best practice">best practice</a> framework. The ai
m of Financial Management for IT Services is to give accurate and cost effective
stewardship of IT assets and resources used in providing IT Services. It is use
d to plan, control and recover costs expended in providing the IT Service negoti
ated and agreed to in the <a href="/wiki/Service_Level_Agreement" title="Service
Level Agreement" class="mw-redirect">Service Level Agreement</a> (SLA).</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc">
<tr>
<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
</div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Goals"><span class="tocnumber">1</
span> <span class="toctext">Goals</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Sub-Processes"><span class="tocnum
ber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Sub-Processes</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Budgeting"><span class="tocnumber"
>2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Budgeting</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#IT_Accounting"><span class="tocnum
ber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">IT Accounting</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Charging"><span class="tocnumber">
2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Charging</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Related_ITIL_Processes"><span clas
s="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Related ITIL Processes</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Service_Level_Management"><span cl
ass="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Service Level Management</span>
</a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Configuration_Management"><span cl
ass="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Configuration Management</span>
</a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Capacity_Management"><span class="
tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Capacity Management</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Change_Management"><span class="t
ocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Change Management</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Key_Performance_Indicators_.28KPI
s.29"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Key Performance Ind
icators (KPIs)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumbe
r">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
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<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Financial_Management_
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Goals
">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Goals">Goals</span></h2>
<p>For an internal IT organisation, the goal is described as:</p>
<p><i>To provide cost-effective stewardship of the IT assets and resources used
in providing IT services</i></p>
<p>For an <a href="/wiki/Outsourcing" title="Outsourcing">outsourced</a> IT orga
nisation or an IT organisation which is run as if it were a separate entity (ie,
with full charging) the goal may be described as:</p>
<p><i>To be able to account fully for the spend on IT services and to be able to
attribute these costs to the services delivered to the organisation's customers
and to assist management by providing detailed and costed business cases for pr
oposed changes to IT services</i></p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sub-P
rocesses">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Sub-Processes">Sub-Proc
esses</span></h2>
<p>Financial Management for IT Services contains 3 sub-processes:</p>
<ul>
<li>Budgeting</li>
<li>IT Accounting</li>
<li>Charging</li>
</ul>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Budge
ting">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Budgeting">Budgeting</span>
</h3>
<p>Budgeting enables an organisation to plan future IT expenditure, thus reducin
g the risk of over-spending and ensuring the revenues are available to cover the
predicted spend. Additionally it allows an organisation to compare actual costs
with previously predicted costs in order to improve the reliability of budgetin
g predictions.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: IT Ac
counting">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="IT_Accounting">IT Accou
nting</span></h3>
<p>IT Accounting is concerned with the amount of money spent in providing IT Ser
vices. It allows an organisation to perform various financial analyses to gauge
the efficiency of the IT service provision and determine areas where cost saving
s can be made. It will also provide financial transparency to aid management in
the decision making process.</p>
<p><b>Several Cost Elements can be used to control your accounting:</b></p>
<p>Capital Costs: Any type of purchases which would have a residual value as har
dware and building infrastructure</p>
<p>Operational Costs: Day to day recurring expenses cost like rental fees, month
ly electrical invoices and salaries.</p>
<p>Direct Costs: Any cost expenses which are directly attributed to one single o
r specific service or customer. A typical example would be the purchase of a ded
icated server which cannot be shared and is needed to host a new application for
a specific service or customer.</p>
<p>Indirect Costs: One specific service provision which cost needs to be distrib
uted in between several customers in a fair breakdown. A fair example is the cos
t associated to overall Local Area Network on which every customer are connected
to. Breakdown could be done using total amount of users per customer or total a
mount of bandwidth usage per customer to accurately distribute the cost of provi
ding this service.</p>
<p>Fixed Costs: Any expenses established for long periods of time like annual ma
intenance contracts or a lease contracts.</p>
<p>Variable Costs:</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Charg
ing">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Charging">Charging</span></h
3>
<p>Charging provides the ability to assign costs of an IT Service proportionally
and fairly to the users of that service. It may be used as a first step towards
an IT organisation operating as an autonomous business. It may also be used to
encourage users to move in a strategically important direction - for example by
subsidising newer systems and imposing additional charges for the use of legacy
systems. Transparency of charging will encourage users to avoid expensive activi
ties where slightly more inconvenient but far cheaper alternatives are available
. For example, a user might browse a dump on screen rather than printing it off.
</p>
<p>Charging is arguably the most complex of the three sub-processes, requiring a
large investment of resources and a high degree of care to avoid anomalies, whe
re an individual department may benefit from behaviour which is detrimental to t
he company as a whole. Charging policy needs to be simultaneously simple, fair a
nd realistic.</p>
<p>Charging need not necessarily mean money changing hands (Full Charging). It m
ay take the form of information passed to management on the cost of provision of
IT services (No Charging), or may detail what would be charged if full charging
were in place without transactions actually being applied to the financial ledg
ers (Notional Charging). Notional Charging may also be used as a way of piloting
Full Charging.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Relat
ed ITIL Processes">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Related_ITIL_P
rocesses">Related ITIL Processes</span></h2>
<p>Several processes in the ITIL model provide information to the Financial Mana
gement for IT process..</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Servi
ce Level Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Service_Leve
l_Management">Service Level Management</span></h3>
<p><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Infrastructure_Library#Service_Level_Ma
nagement" title="Information Technology Infrastructure Library">Service Level Ma
nagement</a> provides key information regarding the level of service required by
the customer (SLAs) and therefore forms the basis for calculations of all three
sub-processes. Customers can only be charged for services agreed in the SLAs an
d based on the Service Catalog.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Confi
guration Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Configuratio
n_Management">Configuration Management</span></h3>
<p>Given that the aim of Financial Management for IT is the stewardship of IT as
sets and resources, it is imperative that information from <a href="/wiki/Inform
ation_Technology_Infrastructure_Library#Configuration_Management" title="Informa
tion Technology Infrastructure Library">Configuration Management</a> and in part
icular from the <a href="/wiki/CMDB" title="CMDB" class="mw-redirect">CMDB</a> i
s available.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Capac
ity Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Capacity_Manageme
nt">Capacity Management</span></h3>
<p><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Infrastructure_Library#Capacity_Managem
ent" title="Information Technology Infrastructure Library">Capacity Management</
a> are charged with planning and controlling the IT capacity requirements of the
organisation. Changes in capacity requirements - which usually increase - will
inevitably lead to changes in costs. This may mean unit costs will increase beca
use capacity has to be increased in an emergency or it may mean unit costs will
drop as a result of purchasing newer technology, economies of scale or increased
purchasing power from an external supplier.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chan
ge Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Change_Management"
>Change Management</span></h3>
<p>Changes are often linked to costs. It is vital that Financial Management for
IT is involved in the <a href="/wiki/Change_Management_(ITSM)" title="Change Man
agement (ITSM)">Change Management</a> process so that the on-going analysis of c
osts can take place. Where changes are frequent IT Financial Management may choo
se either to include anticipated changes in the original cost model or to adjust
the cost model once the IT Service has stabilised.</p>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs)">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Ke
y_Performance_Indicators_.28KPIs.29">Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)</span></h
2>
<p>In order to assess whether Financial Management for IT Services has been succ
essfully deployed, the following <a href="/wiki/Key_performance_indicators" titl
e="Key performance indicators" class="mw-redirect">Key Performance Indicators</a
> may be examined:</p>
<ul>
<li>do the predicted budgets match the actual expediture?</li>
<li>has user behaviour changed to follow the corporate IT goals?</li>
<li>are charges seen by users and customers to be simple, fair and in line with
organisational goals?</li>
<li>does the IT organisation provide the expected level of income/profit?</li>
<li>does management feel more confident in their ability to predict costs in IT
planning?</li>
</ul>
for_IT_Services_(ITSM)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Refe
rences">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</s
pan></h2>
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