PERSONALITY

Prepared by: Shweta Dixit (C25)

Sakshi Sethi (C26)
Anshul Garg (C27)
Versha Rawat (C34)
Monika Sharma (C55)
 How would you describe it?

 Is it inherited?
 Are you more like your mom or dad?

 Does it change over time?

 Does it change depending on who you are with?

 DEFINITIONS
 According to Gordon Allport’ “Personality is the
dynamic organization within the individual of
those psychological systems that determine his
unique adjustment to his environment.”
 According to Fred Luthans, “Personality means
how a person affects other and how he
understands and views himself as well as the
pattern of inner and outer measurable traits, and
the personality interaction.”
What
What is
is Personality?
Personality?
 Personality
Personality Traits
Traits

Sixteen
Sixteen
Primary
Primary
Traits
Traits
 PERSONALITY DETERMINANTS
1. Biological Factors
 Heredity
 Brain
 Physical Features
2. Family and social factors
3. Situational Factors
4. Other Factors
 Temperament
 Interest
 Character
 Schema
 Motives
 How much of personality
is based on genetics?

How much of your personality

was developed, learned,
strengthened over time?

Socialization trains us how to act

in relationship to others.
Parents are our first teachers.
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
1. Freudian Stage Theory
 The Id – It is the source of psychic energy and seeks immediate
gratification for biological or instinctual needs. Freud believed that
instincts could be classified under life instincts. As an individual matures,
he learns to control the id. But even then, it remains a driving force
throughout life and an important source of thinking and behaving.
 The Ego – It is the conscious and logical part of the human personality
and is associated with the reality principle. While id represents the
unconscious pert, ego is conscious about the realities of the external
environment. The ego keeps the id checked through intellect and reason.
 The Super-Ego – It represents societal and personal norms and serves
as an ethical constraint on behavior. It can be best described as a
conscience. It provides norms to ego to determine what is wrong or
right.
 Continued….
2. Erikson Social Stages
 Infancy

 Early Childhood

 Play Age

 School Age

 Adolescence

 Young Adulthood

 Adulthood

 Mature Adulthood
 THE BIG FIVE MODEL

 Extroversion
 Agreeableness
 Conscientiousness
 Emotional Stability
 Openness to experience
 The
The Myers-Briggs
Myers-Briggs Type
Type
Indicator
Indicator
MBTI is one of the most widely
used personality frameworks
which has no hard evidence as
valid measure of personality.

Personality
PersonalityTypes
Types
• •Extroverted
Extrovertedor
orIntroverted
Introverted(E(Eor
orI)I)
• •Sensing
Sensingor
orIntuitive
Intuitive(S
(Sor
orN)
N)
• •Thinking
Thinkingor
orFeeling
Feeling(T
(Tor
orF)
F)
• •Perceiving
Perceivingor
orJudging
Judging(P(Por
orJ)J)
 Preferences Represents

Extraversion Introversion How one

re-energizes
Sensing Intuiting How one gathers
information
Thinking Feeling How one makes
decisions
Judging Perceiving How one orients to the
outer world
 Myers-Briggs,
Myers-Briggs, Continued
Continued

A Myers-Briggs score
 Can be a valuable too for self-awareness
and career guidance
BUT
 Should not be used as a selection tool
because it has not been related to job
performance!!!
 Personality Attributes Influencing
OB
 Locus Of Control
 Machiavellianism
 Self-Esteem
 Self-Monitoring
 Risk-Taking
 Type A and B personality
 Pro-active Personality
 Locus of Control
Internal External
People and
I control what
circumstances
happens to me!
control my fate!
Machiavellianism
Machiavellianism

Conditions
ConditionsFavoring
FavoringHigh
HighMachs
Machs
••Direct
Directinteraction
interaction
••Minimal
Minimalrules
rulesand
andregulations
regulations
••Distracting
Distractingemotions
emotions
 Self-Esteem
Feelings of Self
Worth

Success tends Failure tends

to increase to decrease
self-esteem self-esteem
 Self-Monitoring
Behavior based on cues from people & situations

 High self monitors  Low self monitors

 flexible: adjust  act from internal states

behavior according to rather than from

the situation and the situational cues
behavior of others  show consistency

 can appear  less likely to respond to

unpredictable & work group norms or

inconsistent supervisory feedback
Low-self High-self
monitors monitors
Get promoted
Accomplish tasks, meet other’s
expectations, seek out central 
positions in social networks

Change employers 
Self-promote
Make a job-related
geographic move
Demonstrate higher levels of managerial 
self-awareness; base behavior on other’s
cues and the situation
 Risk-Taking
Risk-Taking
 High Risk-taking Managers
 Make quicker decisions.

 Use less information to make decisions.

 Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial organizations.

 Low Risk-taking Managers

 Are slower to make decisions.

 Require more information before making decisions.

 Exist in larger organizations with stable environments.

 Risk Propensity
 Aligning managers’ risk-taking propensity to job

requirements should be beneficial to organizations.

Personality
Personality Types
Types
Personality
Personality Types
Types
 Personality
Personality Types
Types
Proactive Personality
Identifies opportunities,
shows initiative, takes
action, and perseveres
until meaningful change
occurs.
Creates positive change
in the environment,
regardless or even in
spite of constraints or
obstacles.
Thank You…..