Seminar

on
Blu-ray Disc
October 11, 2008

Er. Rajesh Kumar

M.Tech (ECE)

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 Evolution
 VHS: analog
DVD: digital
BD: high-definition

 Enables recording,
rewriting, and playback
of high-definition video

 Capable of storing
information that the
DVD and CD are not
capable of holding

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Foundation
 Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately named after
the blue laser used to write the data
 The first blue laser was developed in 1996 by
Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation)
 In 2002, an alliance was formed, called the Blu-
ray Disc Association, including the likes of Sony,
Samsung, Sharp, Hewlett-Packard, and Royal
Phillips
 The “e” is intentionally left out of the name due to
trademark restrictions

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 Disc Characteristics
 Single layer: 25 GB
Dual layer: 50 GB
 Diameter: 120 mm
 Thickness: 1.2 mm
 Center hole diameter: 15
mm
 Uses GaN laser of
wavelength 400 nm
 The smaller laser,
compared to the DVD
and CD, keeps the
process more efficient
(~5 mW)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Disc Characteristics(conti.)
 The power conservation
allows the development
of multi-layer platforms
and high-speed
recording.

 BD-ROM: read-only
format.

 BD-R and BD-RE:

recordable formats (RE:
rewritable; R:
recordable once)

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Disc Characteristics

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

 Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather and focus light.
As the numerical aperture increases, the focusing power increases and the
beam size decreases.

 Phase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphous or crystalline
state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thus representing a binary bit.

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 Comparison: CD, DVD & Blu-ray Disc

 Due to the fact that the data layer on a Blu-ray Disc is

placed much “closer” to the laser lens than in DVD ,
there is less distortion resulting in significantly
improved tolerances. Hence, more precision and ultra
high storage densities are made possible.

Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html> 7
 Recorder Characteristics
 Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single layer BD,
which correlates to over 13 hours for standard TV.

 The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second.

 At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to record an entire

single layer BD.

 Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26.

 BD’s are commercially available in the U.S. since 2006.

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Capacity Comparison

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“Courtesy: How Stuff Works”
 Compatibility
 This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based its
technology around being compatible with the DVD.
 Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CD compatible.
 JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc that stores
both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and a third BD
layer storing 33.5 GB total.

Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html> 10
 Protection System
 HDTV contains a copyright bit that is detected
by the BD recorder. If the broadcast has no
copyright bit, then the BD recorder is allowed
to store the information.
 Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) that
has a key length of 56 bits.
 A Key Block and Disc ID are written into the
ROM area to prevent illegal copying.

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 Enhancements
 Error rates increased in reading and writing after the
original BD suffered scratches and fingerprints.
 For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in a case.
 The case increased the size of the disc drive.

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Enhancements(conti.)
 A hard coat was
derived of an
ultraviolet-curable
resin that has a
scratch resistance
similar to the DVD.
 An artificial
fingerprint reagent
is placed on the disc
surface to resist
fingerprint oils.
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Features of BLU-RAY Disc
-------------------------------------

 MANUFACTURING

 RECORDING

 PLAY BACK

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 Manufacturing
* BD Cover Manufacturing Process

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 15

Recording & Playback

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Address Format
*Using Groove Wobbles

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Write pulse waveform

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Write strategy

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
CODING FOR BD OPTICAL RECORDING

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Modulation code and error correcting code
FOR DIGITAL STORAGE SYSTEM

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Error distributions
For 50GB Capacity

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Future
 Expect the BD to become more prevalent once
the HDTV market establishes its presence.

 Audio and video will reach higher qualities

with larger storage space.

 Look for BD with more than two layers as the

technology is further refined.

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 Future(conti.)
 Sony has made the Disc with size 200GB
already.
 Pioneer announced on August 5, 2008 , that they
have got success
in making BD with
increased Disc Size
of 500GB.

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 Commercial Market
Blu-ray drives

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Blu-ray Media

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format

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White Paper”
 Blu-ray Recorders

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format 27

 Bibliography
 http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/254136
 http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=1616,
 http://www.docstoc.com/docs/424938/White-paper-General-
Blu-ray-Disc-Format
 http://allfreedownloadlinks.com/free-softwares/free-
multimedia-software/blu-ray- to-dvd-pro-v120/
 http://reviews.cnet.com/1770-9991_7-0.html?query=
blu+ray+disc&searchtype=products&tag=ltcol;narrow
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc#
Technical_specifications
 http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/search/Search.aspx?
SearchBy=0&Word=blu+ray+disc&By=0

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 END
OF THE
SLIDE SHOW

ANY QUERY PLEASE

??????

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THANKS

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