Wind Energy

Deepti Gupta
04MT3008
 Introduction
 Wind energy is basically use of wind power to
produce electricity.
 When solar radiation enters the earth’s
atmosphere, different regions of the
atmosphere are heated to different degrees.
 This heating is higher at the equator and lowest
at the poles. Air flows from warmer to cooler
regions, this causes winds.
 Wind power uses

 Utility interconnected wind turbines generate power

which is synchronous with the grid and are used to
sell the excess power back to the electric company.

 Wind turbines for remote homes (off the grid)

generate DC current for battery charging.

 Wind turbines for remote water pumping generate 3

phase AC current suitable for driving an electrical
submersible pump directly.

 Wind turbines suitable for residential or village scale

wind power range from 500 Watts to 50 kilowatts.
Wind energy conversion
device

 1. Vertical-axis wind turbines, in which the

axis of rotation is vertical with respect to the
ground (and roughly perpendicular to the wind
stream),

 2. Horizontal-axis turbines, in which the axis of

rotation is horizontal with respect to the ground
(and roughly parallel to the wind stream.)
Wind Turbine Configuration
 Evaluating Wind Mill
Performance
 Wind turbines are rated at a certain wind speed
and annual energy output
 Annual Energy Output = Power x Time
 The Capacity Factor
CF = actual energy output/ energy output yr
 A reasonable capacity factor would be 0.25 to
0.30 and a very good capacity factor would be
around 0.40.
Wind Potential
 The following table represents a guideline
of different wind speeds and their potential
in producing electricity.
Global additions and cumulative
wind power capacity (MW)
Europe
 A total of 5,452 MW was installed in the EU
countries in 2003.
 Total regional wind power capacity grew 23%
to 28,411 MW
 The 28,401 MW in operation by the EU by the
end of 2003 will, in an average wind year,
produce 60 tera watt hours (TWh), equal to
about 2.4% of total EU electricity
Germany
 With 2,645 MW of new installations,
Germany accounted for almost half of the
new capacity installed in the EU.
 The country's wind power capacity now
totals 14,609 MW.
 In a typical wind year, Germany's wind
farms generate enough to meet about
6% of the country's electricity needs
Spain

 Spain installed 1,377 MW of new wind

capacity, and cumulative generating
capacity reached 6,202 MW by year's
end.
 Wind now provides between 4% and 5%
of the nation's power.
 United States
 In 2003 in U.S 1,687 MW installed
 Current cumulative capacity stood at 6,374
MW at the end of the year.
 The states leading in cumulative capacity are
California (2,043MW), Texas (1,293 MW),
Minnesota (563 MW), Iowa (472 MW), and
Wyoming (285 MW).
Rest of World
 India added 408 MW in 2003, and now
boasts over 2,000 MW of wind power.
 Japan added a total of 272 MW, bringing
cumulative capacity at the end of the year
to 686 MW.
 China: About 100 MW were installed in
China, according to preliminary estimates.
Total generating capacity in the country is
close to 600 MW.
Conclusion
Thank you