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Naming the alkanes
Alkanes are named based on their carbons
number.
By adding meth
1 carbon alkanes are named Methane.
N
Alkanes Physical
Properties
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Alkanes Physical
Properties
Boiling point and melting point of alkanes
increases with the number of carbon atoms in
the molecules-cause by the strength of the van
der Waals forces increases with the size of the
molecule
less dense than water
The boiling point of the straight-chain alkanes
are higher than their branched-chain.
Branched alkanes are more spherical, hence
less surface area. Therefore, decrease the
strength of the van der Waals force.
Alkanes Chemical
properties
Alkanes are unreactive, especially towards polar
reagents.
C-H bond is not polarised due to the
electronegativity of C and H are very close.
Hence, it is not affected by acids, alkalis,
oxidising@reducing agents.
However, alkanes react with non-polar
substances
Free Radical Substitution
Reaction of alkanes with halogens(exept io.
Using methane and chlorine as an example.
a. CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl