Sdo Tle Grade 8 Dressmaking 2nd Q Week 1 8 1

SDO MALABON CITY
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Dressmaking
Second Quarter
WEEK 1: SEWING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AND THEIR
USES
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO 1. Identify sewing tools and equipment and their uses
1.1 Identify sewing tools and equipment
1.2 Classify sewing machines
1.3 Select appropriate measuring tools
TLE_HEDM7/8UT-0a-b-1
Expectations
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify sewing tools and equipment
2. describe the kinds and parts of sewing machine; and
3. select appropriate measuring tools.
PRETEST
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the best
answer from the choices below. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. A machine used to sew fabric and materials together with thread is

known
as ________.
A. photocopier sewing machine C. sewing machine
B. printing machine D. vending machine
2. This means the on-off function of a sewing machine and is located at
the right side under is called ____________.
A. bobbin winder stopper C. power switch
B. hand wheel D. thread guide
2
3. It is a part of sewing machine that is like a reed or cylinder or wheel
with or
without flanges on which wire yarn, thread, cable, or film is rounded.
A. balance wheel C. bobbin binder spindle
B. bobbin D. feed dog
4. The sewing machine part of the bobbin and bobbin case is called
________.
A. bobbin cover C. pinking shears
B. dressmaker bent handled shears D. trimming shears
5. It holds the fabric parallel as it goes through the machine that makes
it easily to stitch.
A. presser foot C. tape measure
B. ruler D. yard stick
6. It is a metal-teeth plat that springs from a hole in the throat plate of a
sewing machine.
A. feed dog C. thread
B. tension disc D. thread cutter
7. It is a part of sewing machine that is used in some cylinder locks to foil
picking attempts and keep the small size yarn bundle or thread.
A. bobbin C. spool pin
B. needle D. thread guide
8. It pulls the thread from the reel to support it through the machine and
takes up the thread back up out of the cloth after a stitch has been
made.
A. bobbin C. thread guide
B. needle D. thread take-up lever
9. It is a cover which helps to mitigate the entry on the oiling points of the
take-up lever, presser bar, and the needle bar.
A. face plate C. thread cutter
B. tension disc D. thread take-up lever
10.This light which is like a table lamp or reading lamp is one of the
external parts of the sewing machine.
A. fluorescent light C. LED light
B. incandescent D. ultraviolet
3
Brief
Introduction
Sewing equipment and different tools are used in garment

construction. The skillful use of the different sewing equipment will help take
body measurement and drafting pattern with accuracy and speed. A well-
selected sewing machine is essential for achieving good results. It should be
used correctly in accordance with the job requirements. There are also
different types of sewing machines
CLASSIFICATIONS OF TOOLS
Measuring Tools - These are instruments used for obtaining quantities,
dimensions, or forces of real-world object.
Examples: Tape measure, French Curve, L-Square
Cutting Tools - These are instruments that cut pieces or objects into
smaller ones.
Examples: pinking shears, embroidery scissors, thread
clippers
Marking Tools - These are used to transfer the pattern symbols onto
the fabric to construct the garment accurately.
Examples: pencil, wax chalk, tailor’s chalk, marking
gauge, liquid marking pen, dressmakers’ carbon paper
Pinning and Sewing Tool – These are also parts of a sewer's tool kit. A
pincushion holds bare pins and needles for easy
grabbing, keeps them in one place neatly, and helps to
prevent accidents.
Examples: pin cushion, needle
MATERIALS
Fabric - It is the cloth used in making garments. The plain cotton
fabrics, flour sack/catcha is the most appropriate material for
beginners because these are very easy to handle.
Thread - is used in assembling or constructing the parts of the
garment. Threads vary in sizes. Heavy fabrics need stronger
4
threads. Threads should have the same color with that of the
fabric used.
TYPES OF SEWING MACHINE

Well-selected sewing machine is essential for achieving good results.
It should be used correctly in accordance with the job requirements.
1. Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is usually used in

home and sometimes in school. This is also called as
Domestic Sewing Machine.
2. Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is
sometimes called as straight stitching machine or
industrial sewing machine.
3. Over Edging Machine. Other companies call it as
small machine. It finishes the raw edges of the pattern for
construction.
4. Embroidery Machine. This is used in making fancy
stitches and different kinds of embroidery stitches on
fabrics for the Barong Tagalog, pillowcases, linen, and
other novelty items.
5. Button Holer Machine. This is used in making
buttonholes on garments.
6. Button Attachment Machine. This is used in

attaching buttons to the garments.
7. Bar Tacking Machine. This is used in reinforcing the

opening and closing of pockets
5
Activity
Directions: Name the different sewing tools. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
Remember
A. Directions: Draw a sewing box on a separate sheet of paper and

sketch the following sewing tools inside it.
 pin cushion
 ruler
 embroidery scissors
 thread clippers
 tailor’s chalk
 wax chalk
 carbon paper
 tracing wheel
 thimble
 yard stick
6
B. Directions: Match column A with B. Write the letter of the correct
answer on your answer sheet.
A B
1. This ais sometimes called straight

stitching machine or industrial sewing
machine. A.
2. This is usually used in home and

sometimes in school. This is also called
B.
as Domestic Sewing Machine.
3. This is used in reinforcing the opening

and closing of pockets
C.
4. This is used in making fancy stitches and

different kinds of embroidery stitches on
fabrics for the Barong Tagalog,
pillowcases, linen, and other novelty D.
items.
5. This is used in making buttonholes on

garments. E.
F.
7
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: Write the use/s of the tools given below. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.
Pin Cushion Thimble
Sewing Gauge L- Square
Buttonhole Scissors Seam Ripper
8
POSTTEST
Directions: Enumerate at least 2 sewing tools under each classification and

write its uses. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
CLASSIFICATION USES
I. MEASURING
TOOLS


II. CUTTING
TOOLS


III. MARKING
TOOLS


IV. PINNING
TOOLS


References:
n.d. cliparting.com. Accessed July 2020. cliparting.com/great -job-clip-art.
2013. K-12 Dressmaking/Tailoring LM for Grade 7 & 8. Manila: Department of
Education.
n.d. www.britannica.com. Accessed July 2020.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/sewing-machine.
n.d. www.dictionary.com. Accessed July 2020.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sewing-machine.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/french-curve?s=ts.
9
WEEK 2: SEWING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AND THEIR
USES
LO 1. Identify sewing tools and equipment and their uses
1.2 Identify sewing tools and equipment
1.2 Classify sewing machines
1.3 Select appropriate measuring tools
TLE_HEDM7/8UT-0a-b-1
Expectations

1. identify sewing tools and equipment.
2. classify sewing machines; and
3. select appropriate measuring tools.
PRETEST
Directions: Look for the 10 parts of a sewing machine hidden on the puzzle
below. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
P A T E N S I O N D I S C A S F O D I L
R B A H A P Q R S N O T H C P B L G R E
E D F A C E P L A T E I K D O D I Y L A
S C B I B O T U E N P H L F O H T H O D
S Q D G C N V D F M Q C R G L H G K M L
E R B O B B I N G B G B S U P K N L S I
R F C B D C W D M L R A S K I L E U G G
F T V Z E M X C H B S B A L N O E R U H
O U B D F L Z B K K N C X I H L D N T T
O K T H R E A D G U I D E P S W L S U R
T H J Q G K Y A I J T V W G A Q E T R G
F M K A H J H A N D W H E E L H F K G C
B O B B I N C O V E R U Y V X A B N A Q
10
Looking Back
Directions: Name and group the following sewing tools. Write your answer
on your answer sheet.
A. CUTTING TOOLS
B. MARKING TOOLS
C. MEASURING TOOLS
D. PINNING AND SEWING
TOOLS
Brief
Introduction
A sewing machine is a machine used to sew fabric and materials

together with thread. Sewing machines were invented during the First
Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work
performed in clothing companies.
Sewing Machine is any of various foot-operated or electric machines
for sewing or making stitches, ranging from machines with a shuttle for a
spool of thread and a needle for sewing garments to industrial machines for
sewing leather, book pages together, etc.
1. Spool Pin - is a spool-shaped pin, used in some cylinder locks to
foil picking attempts. It is used to keep the small size yarn bundle
or thread.
2. Thread Guide - remains the thread in a fixed position and guides
the thread from the reel to the needle.
3. Thread Take-up Lever - pulls the thread from the reel to support it
through the machine and takes up the thread back up out of the
cloth after a stitch has been made.
11
4. Presser Foot - is an important part of a sewing machine.
It holds the fabric parallel as it goes through the machine
and easily can stitch and always keeps the fabric flat.
5. Power Switch - means the off-on function of a sewing
machine. The power switch is located at the right side
under the hand wheel.
6. Bobbin - is a reed or cylinder or wheel with or without flanges on
which wire yarn, thread, cable, or film is rounded. It is usually used
in sewing machines cameras and many other electronic devices.
7. Bobbin Binder Spindle - holds the reel of the yarn. It also controls
the direction of the yarn as it runs through the machine. By using
this, on can wind the bobbin with thread.
8. Bobbin Winder Stopper - stops the bobbin winding when bobbin
comes at its optimum capacity.
9. Bobbin Winder Thread Guide - are normally used in bobbin
winding time.
10. Bobbin Cover - covers the parts of the bobbin and bobbin case.
11. Bobbin Cover Release Button It is one type of button which is
used to release the cover for access to the bobbin.
12. Feed Dogs - are metal teeth plat that spring from a hole in the
throat plate of a sewing machine. These normally oppress the
bottom fabric to help it go through the sewing machine and produce
a high-quality stitch.
13. Pattern Selector Dial - is used to fix the symbol of the desired
stitch pattern.
14. Stitch Length Dial - is used to determine the length of the stitch.
15. Stitch Width Dial - decides how far the stitch will work from side
to side.
16. Hand Wheel - is a wheel which worked by hand and is situated
on the right side of the machine. It helps to deride your machine
with maximum or minimum volume as you need. It is.
17. Reverse Stitch Lever - is a bar that raises and down the presser
foot. Its located in the back of the machine.
12
18. Needle - is a long narrow or thin tool with a pointed apex at one
side and a hole on the other side. Without it, a machine just like a
ship without a rudder.
19. Needle Plate - is a metal plate which fixed below the needle and
presser foot. It helps to pass the fabric smoothly during the sewing.
20. Needle Bar - is the vertical bar of a sewing machine holding the
needle.
21. Needle Clamp Screws - holds the needle in the actual place.
22. Face Plate - is a cover which helps to mitigate the entry on the
oiling points of the take-up lever, presser bar, and the needle bar.
23. Tension Disc - controls the looseness and tightness of the
stitches.
24. Thread Cutter - is located on the left side of the machine that cuts
thread.
25. Lead Light - acts like a table lamp or reading lamp of a sewing
machine.
13
Activity
Directions: Match the parts of the sewing machine on column A with its
illustrations on Column B. Write the letter of your answer on
your answer sheet.
A B
1. Thread Guide
2. Presser Foot
3. Pattern Selector Dial
4. Bobbin Cover
5. Spool Pin
6. Power Switch
7. Needle Clam Screw
8. Hand Wheel
9. Tension Disc
10. Bobbin
14
Remember
Directions: Write the use of the different parts of sewing machine. Write
your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Thread Cutter 6. Power Switch

2. Lead Light 7. Presser Foot
3. Needle Plate 8. Bobbin Cover
4. Stitch Width Dial 9. Thread Guide
5. Stitch Length Dial 10. Bobbin
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: Name the missing parts of sewing machine. Write your

answer on your answer sheet..
15
POSTTEST
Directions: Identify the sewing materials to be used or the parts of a

sewing machine begin described in the given situations. Use the set of letters
per item as your clues. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Sophia wanted to sew a washable facemask in their house.
What sewing materials will she used? _ A B R _ C
2. While playing inside the house, Kean cried because his short
accidentally ripped. Which material should he used to sew the teared
part of his shorts? T H _ E _ D
3. What part of a sewing machine would you operate if you want to
place a thread in a spool-shaped pin? S P _ _ L P _ _
4. Jun wanted to find out the cylinder on which wire yarn, thread, cable,
or film are rounded. In what part of sewing machine should he look
into? B _ B B _ N
5. If Heaven Joy wanted to release the cover for access to the bobbin,
which type of button will she use? B_ B _I N C _ V E_ R R _ L E _
S E B U _T _ N
6. Your mother told you to produce a high-quality stitch for her apron for
cooking. She told you to oppress the bottom fabric to help it go through
the sewing machine. Which part of machine should you operate? F _
ED D_G
7. If you want to deride your machine with maximum or minimum volume
on the right side of it, what part of sewing machine is working? H A _
D WH_EL
8. While using the sewing machine, this part accidentally got broken
and stopped. Without this part, a sewing machine is just like a
ship without a rudder to move.
_EDD_E
9. Your father is troubleshooting your sewing machine and he wanted to
mitigate the entry of oiling points on the take-up lever, presser bar, and
the needle bar. What specific part should he troubleshoot? F _ C E
P__TE
16
10.The dressmaker observed that the stitches he was producing are
becoming tight and sometimes loose. Which part of the sewing
machine will he adjust?
TEN_IO_ D_SC
References:

Education.
n.d. cliparting.com. Accessed July 2020. cliparting.com/great -job-clip-art.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/french-curve?s=ts.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sewing-machine.
n.d. www.britannica.com. Accessed July 2020.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/sewing-machine.
17
WEEK 3: CARRY OUT MEASUREMENTS
AND CALCULATIONS LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO 1. Obtain measurements
1.1 Take accurate body measurements
1.2 Read and record required measurements
1.3 Apply the systems of measurements
TLE_HEDM7/8MT-0c-d-2
Expectations

1. take accurate body measurements
2. perform simple calculations based on the job requirement;
and
3. apply the systems of measurements.
PRETEST
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer to complete the
statement. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. To measure your bust, bring the tape around your back up to the
_________. Pull it around the apex (or fullest) point of your bust.
2. To measure the width, measure horizontally between your arm
attachment points (underarm).
3. To measure the ________, keep this in mind: it is not where the top of
your hip bone is, it is around the largest part of your hip area.
4. To measure your waist, don't measure where your pants finish - that is
not your natural waist! Your waist is the _________ part of your torso
and right underneath your rib cage near your belly button.
18
5. If you have trouble determining your shoulder tip, find a garment in
your closet that fits well and has a collar and sleeve. Then, measure
the length of the garment.
Directions: Name the different parts of sewing machine. Write your

1.___________ 2.___________ 3.___________
4.___________ 5.___________
Brief
Introduction
Taking correct and exact body measurement is an essential part in

garment production. It contributes fully to the satisfaction of the client. This
lesson implies about the importance of knowing the parts of the body to be
measured, the use of appropriate measuring tools, the accurate way of
reading measurements, and the process of obtaining correct measurements.
Body Measurement Chart
1. NECK AND BUST

To measure your neck, pull the tape around the middle, coming from
the back to the front. It should sit at the base of the neck above the
collar bone.
19
To measure your bust, bring the tape around your back up to the front.
Pull it around the apex (or fullest) point of your bust. It should be
aligned parallel to the floor, making a straight, horizontal line across
both your front and back. If you have someone to help, you record the
measurement at the front with your hand down at your sides.
2. WAIST AND HIPS
To measure your waist, find the smallest part of your torso which is
right underneath your rib cage and near your belly button. Do not
measure where your pants finish -that is not your natural waist. Make
sure the tape is even across the front and back and parallel to the
floor.
To measure the hips, find the largest part of your hip area. Keep this
in mind: it is not where the top of your hip bone is.
3. FRONT WAIST LENGTH
Start measuring from the side base of your neck, at the top shoulder
line, and going down towards your waist level passing over your bust
point. Try to keep the tape as straight as possible.
To measure bust depth, use the same starting point on the shoulder
as your front waist length, measuring down to the apex of your bust
point.
4. BACK WAIST LENGTH
This one is a two-person job, so have someone to measure from the
nape, down your spine, and to your waist.
To measure the back width, measure horizontally between your arm
attachment points (underarm).
5. SHOULDER
Measure from the base of your neck right in the middle of your
shoulder and along to the tip of your shoulder. If you have trouble
determining your shoulder tip, find a garment in your closet that fits
well and has a collar and sleeve. Then, measure the shoulder length
of the garment.
To measure under the arm, wrap your measuring tape around the
fullest part of your arm above your elbow.
6. ARM LENGTH
20
Have your arm just slightly bent and ask someone to measure from
the tip of your shoulder over the elbow to your wrist line.
The parts of the body to be measured can be taken
in:
Horizontal measurement
Vertical measurement
Circumferential measurement
1. The horizontal measurement is taken from the left of the figure to

the right.
2. The vertical measurement is taken from the top of the body figure
to its base.
3. Circumferential measurement is taken around the body.
METRIC CONVERSION CHART
Simple calculation is an easy mathematical application used to

determine the accurate measurement of body parts, length and width of
materials and cost needed to create an apparel. This is the process in which
the four fundamentals of operations or the (MDAS) is involved.
In measuring the length and width of materials needed such as fabrics,

we also need the use of the Metric measurement system.
English System - the measurement system that has inches for its basic
unit
Metric System - the measurement system that is based on a unit of length
known as the meter (from the Greek word metron which means measure)
Conversion - a change of figures; changing from centimeters to inches and
vice versa
Measurement - a systematic procedure of determining the quantity or
extent of the entire measurable dimension
21
Metric Conversion Chart for Fabric and Sewing
¼ Inch = 0.25 Centimeters

½ Inch = 1.27 Centimeters
5/8 Inch = 1.59 Centimeters
¾ Inch = 1.905 Centimeters
1 Inch = 2.54 Centimeters
1.5 Inch = 3.81 Centimeters
2 Inches = 5.08 Centimeters
2.5 Inches = 6.35 Centimeters

1 Yard =0.9144 Meters
2 Yards =1.8288 Meters
22
Activity
Directions: Identify what is being measured by writing your answer on

your answer sheet.
1. 6.
2. 7.
8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
23
Remember
Directions: Read each question carefully and write your answer on

your answer sheet.
1. Centimeter belongs to this unit of measurement system.
A. Decimal System C. Metric System
B. English System D. SI Measurement System
2. This can be measured when you start across the back of the neck
from socket of one shoulder to socket of the other shoulder.
A. shoulder C. shoulder to neck
B. shoulder to back D. shoulder to shoulder
2. It is used to shape the depth of the neck hole and armhole of the
pattern.
A. French curve C. tape measure
B. ruler D. yardstick
3. It is a flexible measuring device used in taking body
measurements. The front has the measurement of 150 centimeters
and 60 inches on the other side.
A. meter stick C. sewing gauge
B. ruler D. tape measure
5. This part can be measured when you go around your body crossing
over the fullest part of your bust.
A. arm hole C. upper bust
B. bust D. waist
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: Enumerate the following statements. Write your answer on

your answer sheet.
1. Tools used in obtaining measurements
1. 4.
2. 5.
2. Types of measurements
1.
2.
24
3. Measuring device used to take the circumference of the body
1.
4. Four fundamental operations in measuring body parts
1. 3.
2. 4.
5. How will you convert the length of fabric from to centimeters?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
__________________
POSTTEST
Objective: Students will be able to get their measurement with the help
of their parent, guardian, and/or sibling/s using English and
Metric System of Measurement.
Materials, Tools and Equipment: measuring tools, paper, and pencil
Procedure: On a separate sheet of paper, create the same table below and
record all your measurements according to the following system.
My Measurements
Name __________________________________________
MEASUREMENT ENGLISH SYSTEM METRIC SYSTEM

Bust
Lower Bust
Shoulder to Bust
Front Shoulder to Waist
Waist
Shoulder to Shoulder
Across Back
Bicep
25
Elbow
Over Arm
Waist Circumference
Hip Circumference
Bottom Circumference
Crotch
Length of shorts
References:
Education.
Hilario, Carmelita B. n.d. Clothing Technology Made Easy. Accessed 2020.
https://www.marthastewart.com/1504765/tricks-to-taking-accurate-body-
measurements.
26
WEEK 4: PERFORM SIMPLE CALCULATIONS
1.1 Assess the appropriateness of design based on the client’ features
1.2 Perform simple calculations based on the job requirement
1.3 Apply the systems of measurements
Expectations

1. assess the appropriateness of design based on the client’s
features
2. perform simple calculations based on the job requirement; and
3. apply the systems of measurements.
PRETEST
A. Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best

answer. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. A change of figures like changing from centimeters to inches and vice
versa means ___________.
A. calculate B. computation C. conversion D. converted
2. The amount paid or charge for something that is acquired is called
_______.
A. computation B. cost C. payment D. total cost
3. It is an electronic device used for speed computation.
A. cellphone B. calculator C. camera D. computer
4. How many centimeters are there in one inch?
A. 1.905 centimeters C. 3.81 centimeters
B. 2.54 centimeters D. 5.08 centimeters
5. How many yards are there in 4.572 meters?
A. 2 yards B. 3 yards C. 4 yards D. 5 yards
27
B. Directions: Convert the following items.
6. 5 inches = ____ centimeters
7. 0.25 centimeters = ____ inch
8. 9 inches = ____ centimeters
9. 0.9144 meters = ____ yards
10. 5 yards = ____ meters
Looking Back
Directions: Convert the following items in centimeters. Write your

1. 1/4 inch = ____ centimeters 6. 4.5 inches = ____ centimeters
2. 1/2 inch = ____ centimeters 7. 7 inches = ____ centimeters
3. 1 inch = ____ centimeters 8. 8.5 inches = ____
centimeters
4. 2.5 inches = ____ centimeters 9. 9.5 inches = ____ centimeters
5. 3 inches = ____ centimeters 10.10 inches = ____centimeters
Brief
Introduction
Simple calculation is an easy mathematical application used to

determine the accurate measurement of body parts, length and width of
materials, and costs needed to create apparel. This is the process in which
the four fundamental operations (MDAS) is involved. We also need the use
of the Metric Measurement System in measuring the length and width of the
materials needed such as fabrics.
Accuracy – the exactness of a measured distance or
circumference
Calculation – the process or an act of calculating
28
Calculator – an electronic device used for speed computation
Conversion – a change of figures like changing from centimeters to
inches and vice versa
Cost – the amount paid or charge for something that is acquired
In planning a project, it is important to estimate the quantity of materials
to be used and the cost involved. Doing estimates will help you to make the
right decisions so that there’ll be any effort, money and time wasted.
Estimating of Materials
In estimating you should know the size and the number of products to
be made and the size of the cloth if it is 36‖, 45‖ or 60‖ width. For example,
an organizer measuring 12‖ x 30‖ with three patch pockets of different
designs. For one yard of a 45 width cacha cloth you can make two
organizers. So, for one organizer you can use ½ yard of a cacha cloth.
Estimated cost of the cloth is Php60.00.
Quantity Materials Unit Price Total Cost

½ yard Cacha (Flour Sack) 20.00 10.00
1/4 Manila Paper 8.00 2.00
1 spool Thread (small) 8.00 8.00
Total Cost = 20.00
The table shows a sample of materials estimated and the cost good for
one project.
29
Activities
I. Directions: Match Column A which indicates the female body shape to

column B that describes the figures.
A B
A. Your bust and hips
are narrower than
your waist.
B. Your bust and hips
are of similar size and
your waist is slightly
narrower.
C.Your waist and hips
are narrower than
your bust.
D.Your bust and hips
are similar size and
your waist is
narrower.
E. Your bust and waist
are narrower than
your hips.
F. Your bust, hips, and
waist have similar
width
30
II. Directions: Match which shape in column B is appropriate for the
figures in column A. Write your answer on your answer
sheet.
A B
A. Triangle
B. Rectangle
C.Rounded/Oval
D.Inverted Triangle
E. Rhomboid
F. Square
Remember
Directions: Complete the sample computations for fabric, thread, and

other supplies in sewing DIY washable facemask. Write your
DESCRIPTION TOTAL
QUANTITY UNIT UNIT COST
OF MATERIALS COST
1 yard Polyester N/A N/A
Cotton (60)
WIDTH) Old
Fabric
31
__________
2 spools Black Thread Php 10.00
___
1 pc Old Folder N/A N/A

Paper
__________
4 yards Thin Garter Php 5.00
___
TOTAL
Check Your
Understanding
A. Directions: Read and understand the following questions and write

1. If a standard Mongol pencil is 7 inches, what is its equivalent
measurement if it is measured in centimeters.
2. What are the four fundamental operations?
3. The height of a small spiral notebook is approximately 10 inches, convert
the measurement in Metric System.
4. The dressmaker needs to buy 200 inches length of fabric that costs Php
19.00 per centimeter. Find the total cost of the fabric.
5. What electronic device is used for speed computation?
B. Directions: Write the equivalent measurements of the following.
6. 6’ = ____ yards
7. 4. 27’ = ____ yards
8. 18’ = ____ yards
9. 5.72’ = ____ yards
10. 1 m = ____ inches
32
POSTTEST
Directions: Copy the tables below on a separate sheet of paper and
write the estimate you made for the materials and the cost.
1. You are to make an organizer based on the following given
prices. You will use a cloth that costs Php 50.00 per yard, a folder
for Php 8.00, a spool of thread for Php 5.00, and a string for Php
5.00. Estimate materials and cost. How much will you spend?
2. You and your four friends agreed that you will share to make your
organizer as your project to save money. You will buy your
materials at the same time.
Estimate your materials and cost for the project.
Table for Word Problem 1
Table for Word Problem 2

References:
Education.
33
WEEK 5: PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN AND PRODUCE
SIMPLE PROJECT
1.4 Identify basic hand stitches
1.5 Apply the principles of design and color harmonies
1.6 Assume responsibility in knowing the importance of the steps in sewing
an organizer for sewing tools
Expectations
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. identify basic hand stitches.
2. apply the principles of design and color harmonies; and
3. assume responsibility in knowing the importance of the steps in
sewing an organizer for sewing tools.
PRETEST
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose the best answer
from the options below. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. This means having no balance or symmetry.
A. asymmetrical B. balance C. colorfast D. hue
2. It refers to a state of equilibrium or parity.
A. asymmetrical B. balance C. colorfast D. hue
3. A blueprint is also called ______.
A. asymmetrical C. design
B. balance D. harmony
4. This refers to a special attention or effort directed toward something
with equal opposing forces.
A. harmony B. emphasis C. harmony D. hue
34
5. It means a relationship of different portions of a design.
A. asymmetrical C. colorfast
B. balance D. harmony
6. The family group name of a color is called ______.
A. asymmetrical B. balance C. design D. hue
7. It means the brightness or dullness of a color.
A. design C. intensity
B. emphasis D. rhythm
8. The source of all colors is called _____.
A. design C. primary colors
B. emphasis D. secondary colors
9. These are smooth movements that are repeated many times.
A. design C. intensity
B. emphasis D. rhythm
10. _____ are produced when mixing two equal amount of primary
colors sides of a dividing line or plane or about a center or an axis.
A. design C. primary colors
B. emphasis D. secondary colors
Looking Back
Directions: Convert the following English measurements to Metric

measurements or vice versa.
1. 10 yards = _________ meters

2. 3.81 centimeters = _________ inches
3. 1.8288 meters =_________ yards
4. 4.5 inches = _________ centimeters
5. 15 inches =_________ centimeters
35
Brief
Introduction
The Principles of Design are concepts used to organize or arrange

the structural elements of a design. You should consider the Color Theory
which states that the first thing we usually notice about clothes or anything
is their color. Before you start studying which colors look best together,
you should learn that the colors have different meaning and impact. To
help you out with this module, the following definition of terms are listed
below:
1. Asymmetrical - means having no balance or symmetry or when
the structure decoration and are different both sides from the
center of the design.
2. Balance - is a state of equilibrium or parity characterized by
cancellation of all forces.
3. Colorfast - is being describe to something which does not fade
easily.
4. Design - is the other term for blueprint.
5. Emphasis - is a special attention or effort directed toward
something and can be achieved in graphic design by placing
elements on the page in positions where the eye is naturally
drawn or by using other principles such as contrast, repetition, or
movement.
6. Harmony - refers to equal opposing forces. It should be achieved
through judicious use of color, shape, and texture to give a
feeling of oneness.
7. Primary Colors – the sources of all colors, even though there
are thousands and thousands of colors in the world, they are all
made up of these colors – red, blue, and yellow.
8. Secondary Colors - are produced when mixing two equal
amounts of primary colors. If you mix equal amount or yellow and
blue you will have green, equal parts of red and blue will have
violet, and red and yellow you will have orange.
36
9. Proportion - pertains to the relationship of two or more elements
in a composition and how they are compared to one another with
respect to size, color, quantity, degree, setting, etc.
10. Rhythm - is a principle of design that suggests movement or
action. It is usually achieved through repetition of lines, shapes,
colors, and more.
11. Symmetry - can be produced when mixing two equal amount
of primary colors sides of a dividing line or plane or about a center
or an axis exact correspondence of form and constituent
configuration on opposite.
Basic Hand Stitches

After knowing the principles of design, it is now time to discover the
different basic hand stiches. Given below is the sample photograph, the
label, and its description.
Back Stitch – This resembles machine stitching and is

used to strengthen a seam made by hand. Make one
running stitch, then take a back stitch to the beginning
of the first stitch, thus overlapping each running stitch.
Basting –This is used to hold fabric temporarily in
place, until permanently stitched. There are four types
of basting: hand basting, machine basting, pin basting,
and basting edges with an iron.
Running Stitch - To make this stitch, push point of
needle in and out of fabric until you have several
stitches on the needle. Hold fabric taut with left hand
and pull the needle through. Practice until you make
fine even stitches.
Outline Stitch - This stitch is similar to the back stitch,
but it is slanted. Make one slanted back stitch in front
of another letting each one overlapped the one before
it just a little bit, until the design is filled.
37
Blanket Stitch - Put your needle in ¼ inch from the
edge of the fabric, put the thread under the point of the
Activity
needle and pull through.
Catch Stitch - This is used for a flat finish next to

fabric, such as seam binding on a hem. Hold open hem
edge away from you, work from left to right. Take a
stitch in the hem, then a tiny stitch to the right just
beyond edge of a hem with the point of needle to the
left. This makes lines that cross each other in diagonal.
Chain Stitch - Insert the needle in and out the fabric
(as in the running stitch). Bring the thread under the tip
of the needle while still in the fabric, then pull the
needle through.
Directions: Identify the basic hand stitches illustrated below. Write

1._____________ 2._____________ 3._____________
4._____________ 5._____________
38
Remember
Directions: Identify the terms used in the illustrations below. Use the
clues beside each illustration as your guide. Write your answer
on your answer sheet.
It means a They are near

relationship each other on
of different the color
1. 6.
wheel,
portion of a
neighbor color
design. harmony.
It can be
These are
2.
created by 7. colors that
gradual
are
change of
opposite in
lines, shape,
the color
or shade of
wheel.
the color.
It is simply It is the
relationship of
3.
repeating a 8. two or more
single elements in a
element composition.
many times.
in a design.
39
It is
It is a concept
a principle of of involving
design that equal weight
4. suggests 9. on both sides
movement or of a
action. composition.
It is the art of The

structures
making an
are different
element on both
stand out or sides from
5. draw 10. the center
attention to of the
design.
the eye.
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: Arrange the steps in sewing an organizer for sewing tools by
writing A - H. (Letter A as the first step and letter H as the last
step). Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Work on the pockets by putting designs applying the principles of

design.
2. Remove hanging threads.
3. Lay the pockets and pin; baste then machine stitch.
4. Zigzag raw edges of the pockets.
5. Fold and baste the organizer before sewing in the sewing machine.
6. Press.
7. Put labels for each pocket as marking tools, measuring tools, and
cutting tools.
8. Sew the handles for hanging.
40
POSTTEST
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose the best
answer from the options below.
1. The primary colors are blue, yellow, and ____________.

A. green B. purple C. red D. white
2. When yellow is mixed with red, ____________ will be produced.
A. blue B. green C. maroon D. orange
3. Mix red with violet and you will have ____________.
A. blue green B. blue violet C. red violet D. red orange
4. Tint or red is ____________.
A. orange B. pink C. red violet D. white
5. Maroon is ____________ of red.
A. asymmetrical B. complementary C. reciprocal D. shade
6. The analogous or adjacent color of green is ____________ and blue
green.
A. blue violet C. white
B. green D. yellow green
7. The complement of orange is ____________.
8. The split complement of red is ____________ and yellow green.
A. blue green B. blue violet C. red violet D. red orange
9. The triad of violet is ____________and orange.
10. Neutral colors are white, ____________, and green.
A. black B. blue C. orange D. purple
References:
Education.
n.d. www.karensvariety.com. Accessed July 2020. www.karensvariety.com/
ARTICLES/Sewing/BasicHandStitches.htm
Navarro, Leticia S., Homemaking for You and Me (Clothing Construction) Quezon City;
Philippines, Abida Publishing House
41
WEEK 6: PERFORM BASIC MAINTENANCE
LO 1. Clean and lubricate machine
1.1. Observe proper handling and cleaning of the machine
1.2. Follow the safety procedures in machine cleaning
1.3 Resolve common machine troubles
1.4 Perform regular maintenance schedules
TLE_HEDM7/8BM-0i-7
Expectations

4. follow the safety procedures in machine cleaning.
5. resolve common machine troubles; and
6. perform regular maintenance schedules.
PRETEST
Directions: Read and analyze each question carefully. Choose the best
answer from the options below. Write your answers on your
answer sheet.
1. The upper part of a sewing machine head which is being driven by
hand when starting the machine is called ______.
A. balance sheet C. stop motion screw
B. band wheel D. treadle
2. The control of sewing machine lies on the ______.
A. balance sheet C. belt
B. band wheel D. treadle
3. The part of the sewing machine that controls the looseness and
tightness of stitches is ______.
A. bobbin C. thread guide
B. presser foot D. upper tension
42
4. What happens when there is an incorrect size of needle or thread in
the sewing
machine?
A. fabric jam C. seam pucker
B. needle break D. skipped stitches
5. The part of a sewing machine that controls the stroke of the feed dog
is _____.
A. face plate C. slide pucker
B. feed dog D. stitch regulator
6. It is the oil that lubricates and helps the machine last longer.
A. baby oil B. coconut oil C. crude oil D. machine oil
7. What is the correct cloth to use for wiping spilled oils during
cleaning?
A. damp cloth C. new cloth
B. dry cloth D. oiled cloth
8. It refers to the part of the sewing machine that should be avoided
during the
application of oil in order to perform smoothly.
A. bobbin winder C. stitch regulator
B. rubber ring D. stop motion screw
9. The maintenance material that maintains the moving parts of a
sewing machine in
having a smooth operation is called _____.
A. absorbent cloth B. lint brush C. lubricant D. water
10. Which among the following is the good interval to practice in
cleaning and lubricating a moving part of a sewing machine?
A. once a week C. every two weeks
B. twice a week D. once a month
Looking Back
Directions: Identify whether the statements below are characteristics of

good stitches. Write the word “correct” if it describes a good
characteristic of stitches and “incorrect” if it is not. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
1. The length of stitch is proportioned to the texture of the

fabric.
43
2. The stitches are same in length.
3. The stitches appear the same on both right and wrong
sides of the fabric.
4. The stitching follows the intended line smoothly and
accurately.
5. There are no skipped or broken gaps in stitching.
Brief
Introduction
Cleaning and oiling your sewing machine are basic ways to avoid bits
of lint, thread, dust, and even fabric to get stuck in your machine. If you sew
regularly using a sewing machine oil, it will help the moving parts to function
smoothly. Also, you should clean and put oil into your machine after finishing
any large project. Clean your machine regularly to avoid occurrence of these
problems, to help your machine last longer, and to perform sewing tasks
smoothly.
A sewing machine is an equipment that needs care and cleaning. Keep
it dusted and lubricated at least once a week or more often if the machine is
in constant use. Failure to do these can make your sewing task harder and
can even destroy your sewing machine. When the machine is thoroughly
cleaned and oiled, run it slowly for several minutes to allow the oil to work
on its moving parts. Place a scrap of fabric under the presser foot and lower
the needle to absorb excess oil.
A well-maintained sewing machine will make your work easier, more
interesting, and more enjoyable. If the sewing machine in your laboratory are
kept in good condition and are carefully adjusted and properly threaded, not
too many things can go wrong. But there are certain difficulties that occur
during an operation so often, so you should know these minor and common
problems as well as their causes and remedies. There are two classifications
of sewing machine troubles, namely: minor sewing machine trouble - this
refers to problems that arise involving incorrectly attached accessories or
44
supplies, unadjusted tension, or that requires a little dusting or oiling and
major sewing machine trouble which involves replacing or removing
damage spare parts that made the sewing machine not totally functioning.
Enumerated below are the common sewing machine troubles that you might
encounter:
1. Skipped Stitches:
Causes Remedies
Examine the setting and timing
Failure of hook or looper and needle
between needle and hook or
to enter loop at correct time.
looper.
Irregular thread tension on upper or The tension of thread should be
lower loop. adjusted.
Due to needle deflection. Needle should be changed.
2. Unbalanced Stitches:
Causes Remedies
Setting of accurate tension to the
Incorrect tension of sewing thread.
thread.
Used incorrect thread path. Using of accurate thread path.
Incorrect adjustment of needle
Using of right thread path.
thread path.
3. Staggered Stitch:
Causes Remedies
Due to needle deflection. Needle size should be increased.
Due to wrong needle point. Needle should be changed.
Incorrect adjustment of needle and Needle size and thread size should
thread size. be changed.
4. Variable Stitch Density:
Causes Remedies
The position of thread guide should
Incorrect unwinding of thread form
be 2.5 times higher than the
package during sewing.
position of thread package.
Twisting of needle thread in the Foam pad should use to the bottom
bottom of thread package. of thread package.
45
Correct threading of sewing thread
Twisting of thread in thread guide.
during sewing.
5. Seam puckering:
Causes Remedies
Bobbin tension should be kept as
Higher thread tension.
low as possible.
Proper thread balance should be
Improper thread balance. ensured between top and bottom
thread.
Must maintain tension guides
Incorrect thread types.
properly.
Activity
Directions: Given below are processes in conducting maintenance of a

sewing machine. Arrange them in chronological order. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
I. Face Plate (presser bar, needle bar, thread take up lever, lifter)
1. Unscrew face plate and keep it in the drawer while cleaning.
2. Put back the Face Plate in place.
3. Brush dust away then put a little amount of oil while rotating the
balance wheel to inner parts can be accessed.
II. Lower Mechanism (rotary oscillating hook)
1. Put a little amount of machine oil on moving parts.
2. Remove dust with lint brush.
3. Fasten sides of oscillating hook.
4. Return spare parts in place.
5. Remove bobbin case.
III. Upper Tension (Disc Spring and Dial)
1. Brush dust and wipe with absorbent cloth with oil.
2. Remove outer bolt, tension dial, discs, and disc spring.
3. Assemble by following the laid parts in your table.
4. Lay each part in your front table following its disassembling for easier
assembling.
46
Remember
Directions: Write check (  ) if the statement is correct and cross (  ) if

the statement is incorrect. Write your answers on your answer
sheet.
1. Dust the moving part of the sewing machine then put a little
amount of machine oil in slots.
2. Check tension dials and adjust according to projected requirement
of the stitches.
3. Thread the sewing machine correctly to save time.
4. Always maintain good working posture.
5. Sit on your back slightly leaning forward.
6. Start with the right tools and supplies. Have your needle, thread,
screwdriver, pins, and scissors ready for use.
7. Be sure that the needle is properly set according to the directions
for specific models.
8. A properly attached needle will make your work without any
trouble.
9. Set the stitch regulator according to project specifications and test
the stitches for possible adjustments.
10. Turn power off (for motorized/electric machines) when the sewing
machine is not in use.
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: Fill in the blanks with either causes or remedies on common

sewing machine troubles. Use a separate sheet for your
answers.
Problem Number 1: Skipped Stitches

Causes Remedies
1. Failure of hook or looper and Examine the setting and
needle to enter loop at correct _________ between needle and
time. hook or looper.
47
2. Irregular thread tension on The tension of thread should be
upper or lower loop. _________.
Problem Number 2: Unbalanced Stitch
Causes Remedies
3. Incorrect tension Setting of _________ tension to the
of sewing thread. thread.
4. Used incorrect thread path. Using of accurate _________ path.
Problem Number 3: Staggered Stitch
Causes Remedies
Needle _________ should be
5. Due to needle deflection.
increased to avoid deflection.
6. Due to wrong needle point. Needle should be _________.
Problem Number 4: Variable Stitch Density

Causes Remedies
The position of thread guide should be
7. Incorrect unwinding of thread
2.5 times _________ than the position
form package during sewing.
of thread package.
8. Twisting of needle thread in the Foam pad should use to the
bottom of thread package. _________of thread package.
Problem Number 5: Seam Puckering
Causes Remedies
Proper thread balance should be
9. Improper thread balance. ensured between _________ and
bottom thread.
Must maintain tension _________
10. Incorrect thread types.
properly.
48
POSTTEST
A. Directions: Read each statement carefully and write your answers on

your answer sheet.
1. In wiping spilled oils during cleaning, what correct cloth to be used?

2. What part of the sewing machine that should be avoided when oiling?
3. What problems that arise involving incorrectly attached accessories or
supplies, unadjusted tension, or that requires a little dusting or oiling?
4. What replacing or removing damage spare parts that made the sewing
machine not totally functioning.
5. What good interval in cleaning and lubricating the sewing machine?
B. Directions: Enumerate five (5) characteristics of good stitches.
6. ___________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________
References:
Education.
n.d. https://garmentsmerchandising.com. Accessed July 2020.
https://garmentsmerchandising.com/8-sewing-faults-with-causes-and-remedies/
49
WEEK 7: PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
LO 1. Identify and evaluate hazards and risks
1.1 Identify hazards and risks in the workplace.
1.2 Explain hazards and risks in the workplace.
1.3 Classify the causes of hazards and risks; and
1.4 Appreciate the importance of knowing the causes of hazards and risks
in the workplace.
TLE_HEDM7/8BM-0j-8
Expectations

7. identify hazards and risks in the workplace.
8. explain hazards and risks in the workplace.
9. classify the causes of hazards and risks; and
10. appreciate the importance of knowing the causes of
hazards and risks in the workplace.
PRETEST
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. These are physical factors that harm the musculoskeletal system, such
as repetitive movement, manual handling, and poor body positioning.
A. Chemical B. Ergonomics C. Physical D. Psychological
2. This is a place, such as an office or factory, where people are
employed.
A. Court B. Establishment C. Gym D. Workplace
3. Which of the following is the common workplace hazard which includes
vibration, noise, slips, trips, and falls?
50
A. Chemical B. Electrical C. Ergonomics D. Physical
4. All of the following are hazards, EXCEPT:
A. Hazard B. Psychological C. Risk D. Substance
5. This type of hazard relates to mental health and behavioral disorders.
A. Chemical B. Ergonomics C. Psychological D. Risk
6. Which of the following is an example of hazard?
A. Baby B. Cake C. Flower D. Wet floor
7. This refers to the probability that people can be harmed if they will be
exposed to a hazard.
A. Ergonomics B. Hazard C. Psychological D. Risk
8. This refers to any hazardous substance that can cause harm to the
employees.
A. Chemical B. Ergonomics C. Physical D. Radiation
9. Which of the following viruses and bacteria such as SARS,
MERSCOV, and COVID-19 can cause health effects such as hepatitis,
HIV/AIDS, and Legionnaire’s disease and even death?
A. Biological B. Chemical C. Physical D. Sociological
10. All of the following are the sources of potential damage, harm, or
adverse health effects on something or someone under certain
conditions at work, EXCEPT:
A. Chemical B. Hazard C. Psychological D. Risk
Looking Back
Directions: Fill in the blank by selecting the appropriate word to make each
statement complete. Choose from the pool of words listed inside
the box. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Assembled eyestrain eyewear familiarize sight surroundings
1. Examine the sewing machine to make sure that it is fully __________

and maintained.
2. Evaluate the __________ of your workplace. Does your chair suit you
in terms of height, back support, or do you need a footrest?
3. Wear protective __________. You could accidentally sew over a pin or
break a needle and have a chance of an eye injury.
51
4. Turn on the light. __________ is a common injury for anyone
performing fine detail work in sewing under poor lighting.
5. Follow the instructions! Take some time to __________ yourself with
the sewing machine.
Brief
Introduction
There are factors that influence the degree of risk, it includes: how
much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or condition, how the person
is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapor, skin contact), and how severe the
effects under the condition to exposure are.
During these trying times, we are exposed with the different hazards
and risks even if we are in our home. Hence, our home is supposed to be
our comfort zone wherein we are safe and protected but every year, accident
and emergency happen due to presence of hazards and risks which serious
injuries and sometimes fatal accidents occur. It is not just children and the
elderly that can be harmed at home but everyone inside it is exposed to such
phenomena. We may always encounter hazard and risk, so we must bear in
our mind that there is a difference between hazard and risk.
Hazard refers to any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse
health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work. It
is sometimes referred to as being the actual harm or the health effect it
caused. There are different types of hazards, these are chemical, electrical,
ergonomic, psychological, radiation, biological, and physical. On the other
hand, risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or
experienced an adverse health effect if he/she will be exposed to a hazard.
It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss.
52
Activity
“GROUP ME”
Directions: Classify whether the following tools, materials, and
situations you may encounter inside the laboratory can bring
hazard or risk. Write it on the appropriate column on your answer
sheet.
1. cutting cloth 6. knife
2. electrical wiring 7. pricks
3. falls 8. scissors
4. fiber dust 9. spillage on wet surfaces
5. fire 10. Trips
Hazard Risk
Remember
Task number 1:
Directions: Read and understand the statements carefully on how to
identify hazards and risk. Memorize the acronyms given below.
IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE HAZARDS AND RISKS

There are different types of workplace hazard - any aspect of work that
cause health and safety risks and have the potential to harm. Enumerated
below are types of it:
1. Physical hazard is the most common workplace hazards, including
vibration, noise and slips, trips and falls.
53
2. Ergonomic hazards are the physical factors that harm the
musculoskeletal system, such as repetitive movement, manual
handling and poor body positioning.
3. Chemical hazards are any hazardous substance that can cause
harm to your employees.
4. Biological hazards refer to bacteria and viruses such as SARS,
MERSCOV, and Corona Virus 2019 that can cause health effects,
such as hepatitis, HIV/AIDS and Legionnaire’s disease and even
death.
5. Psychological hazard which has recently been acknowledged in
legislation as a workplace hazard. This type of hazard relates to
mental health and behavioral disorders.
6. Electrical hazard which can be defined as a dangerous condition
where a worker could make electrical contact with energized
equipment or a conductor, and from which the person may sustain
an injury from shock.
7. Radiation which describes the hazards of electromagnetic radiation
to fuels, electronic hardware.
These are the acronyms which are also used to remember the terms easily:
PPE – Personal Protective Equipment
OSH – Occupational Safety and Healthy
RADHAZ – Radiation Hazard
HERP – Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel
HERO – Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance
HERF – Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuel
Here are some of the signs and symbols of hazards and risks that we may
encounter:
Radiation Symbol Trip Hazard Slippery Surface
54
Poisonous Substance Low Headroom
Check Your
Understanding
A. Directions: Complete the following acronyms. Write your answers

on a separate sheet of paper.
1. PPE - _______________________________________
2. OSH - _______________________________________
3. HERP - ______________________________________
4. HERO - ______________________________________
5. HERF - ______________________________________
B. Directions: Identify and write whether the pictures depict hazard or

risk. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. ___________ 6. ___________
2. ___________ 7. ___________
3. ___________ 8. ___________
4. ___________ 9. ___________
55
5. ___________ 10. ___________
POSTTEST
Directions: Identify what is being described by each sentence. Write

your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The circumstances or conditions that surround one.

2. It is the overall condition of an organism at a given time.
3. This refers to a specific branch of manufacture and trade.
4. This is the damage or harm done or suffered by a person or thing.
5. This is the ability or authority to act or decide on one's own, without
supervision.
6. This refers to a type of hazard related to mental health and behavioral
disorders.
7. This pertains to a place, such as an office or factory, where people are
employed.
8. It is the condition of being exposed, especially to severe weather or
other forces of nature.
9. It is a cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; it is
also known as fabric.
10. It is anything coming from living organisms (i.e. pollen, fungi, animals,
insects, bacteria, and viruses) that could be a threat to someone's
health.
REFERENCES
A. Learning Materials Module
K-12 Dressmaking/Tailoring LM for Grade 7 & 8 (2013). Manila, Department
of Education.
B. Webliography
www.dehp-facts.com
Hazardsandrisk
www.dehp-facts.com.
https://fitforwork.org.
Workplacehazards
56
WEEK 8: PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
LO 1. Identify and evaluate hazards and risks
1.5 Identify hazards and risks in the workplace.
1.6 Explain hazards and risks in the workplace.
1.7 Classify the causes of hazards and risks; and
1.8 Appreciate the importance of knowing the causes of hazards and risks
in the workplace.
TLE_HEDM7/8BM-0j-8
Expectations

1. identify hazards and risks in the workplace;
2. demonstrate the proper procedure of Occupational Health and
Safety in the workplace; and
3. value the importance of following the correct Occupational
Health and Safety in the workplace.
PRETEST
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete the
sentence. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
____1. Oiling of sewing machine _________ is necessary.

A. Every hour B. Everyday C. Every week
D. Every month
____2. Never operate the sewing machine at _________ speed.
A. High B. Low C. Medium D.
Slow
57
____3. It is important to keep the machine as free of _________ as
possible.
A. Dust B. Fiber C. Lint D. Liquid
____4. Do not _________ a sewing machine while another person is
sewing.
A. Check B. Clean C. Oil D. Touch
____5. Do not wear _________ clothing, especially long sleeves and neck
ties.
A. Colorful B. Fitted C. Loose D. Old
____6. One person only is allowed to _________ a sewing machine at any
time.
A. Check B. Clean C. Oil D. Operate
____7. Make sure that other students are _________ from the workplace
while sewing.
A. Away B. Leaving C. Messing D. Sleeping
____8. Do not push or _________ the fabric while sewing. Let the machine
do the work.
A. Attach B. Keep C. Pull D. Scrap
____9. Make sure the take- up lever is in the _________ position before
pulling out the
fabric and cutting threads.
A. Left B. Low C. Right D. Upper
____10. Turn the power off when adjusting the sewing machine such as
changing the
presser foot and _________.
A. Needle B. Spool pin C. Thread D. Threader
Looking Back
Directions: Identify what is being described by the sentences. Write

your answers on separate sheet of paper.
1. This type of hazard relates to mental health and behavioral

disorders.
58
2. This is any hazardous substance that can cause harm to the
employees.
3. This refers to the chance (high or low) that any hazard will cause
harm to somebody.
4. This refers to the probability that people can be harmed if they will
be exposed to a hazard.
5. This is the most common workplace hazard which includes vibration,
noise, slips, trips, and falls.
Brief
Introduction
At a time when the global community is hit by the outbreak of the

COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of safe sanitation and hygiene to
prevent diseases and live a healthy and fulfilling life is more obvious than
ever before. Safe sanitation and hygiene do not only impact on people’s
health. It also impacts on livelihoods, limits opportunities of people and
prevents children from attending and finishing school. Unfortunately,
sanitation and hygiene are samples of forgotten development issue. There
are still issues about lack of basic handwashing facility at home and nearly
900 million children worldwide lack of basic hygiene service at their school.
Current evidence indicates that the COVID-19 virus is transmitted

through respiratory droplets or contact. Contact transmission occurs when
contaminated hands touch the mucosa of the mouth, nose, or eyes. The virus
can also be transferred from one surface to another by contaminated hands,
which facilitates indirect contact transmission. Consequently, hand hygiene
is extremely important to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus. It also
interrupts transmission of other viruses and bacteria causing common colds,
flu and pneumonia, thus reducing the general burden of disease
59
Activity
Directions: Choose a scenario from the box below and make a 2-

minute video presentation regarding your chosen scenario to be
evaluated by your subject teacher after sending a copy to
him/her. Your output will be graded based on the rubric below.
 Correct way of disposing face mask.

 Correct way of applying alcohol.
 Proper waste segregation.
 Proper hand washing.
60
Task number 1:
Directions: Read and understand the statements carefully on how to
assess risk and how to avoid and spread diseases specially on these trying
times.
The Health and Safety Executive [HSE] suggests

that risk assessments should follow five simple steps:
 Step 1: Identify the hazards.

 Step 2: Decide who might be harmed and how.
 Step 3: Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions.
 Step 4: Record your findings and implement them.
 Step 5: Review your assessment and update if necessary.
But since we are in a pandemic, we there are limitations in going outside.

Still, there are practices that we should follow to have a safe environment
even inside our home. This must be done to avoid the spread of diseases
specially, COVID19. Such practices are as follows:
 Improve personal hygiene.

 Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.
 Cover your mouth and nose with your elbow or tissue paper when
coughing or sneezing.
 Dispose used tissue paper immediately.
 Maintain a distance of at least 1 meter (3 feet) from people who are
coughing or sneezing.
 Make sure to wash hands after you blow your nose, sneeze into a
tissue, use the restroom, when you leave and return to your home,
before preparing or eating food, applying make-up, and handling
contact lenses.
61
Check Your
Understanding
Directions: There are 10 possible hazards in the illustration below.

Identify them and briefly explain the reason why it is considered
as an example of hazard. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
62
POSTTEST
A. Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write True if the statement

is correct and False if it is incorrect. Write it on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Push or pull the fabric while sewing.

2. Gasoline fumes can result to major health hazards.
3. Hazards may be encountered when using sewing machine.
4. Do not touch the sewing machine while another person is sewing.
5. Working near an electrical hazard is not dangerous and cannot be
fatal.
6. Biological hazards are related to a mental health and behavioral
disorder.
7. Poor workplace design and awkward body posture are examples of
ergonomic hazard.
8. The most common type of physical hazards are fire, explosion, and
chemical reactivity.
9. You must check if the sewing machine and its cords are in good
working condition.
10. Do not use the sewing machine unless you know the safety
procedures in operating it.
B. Directions: The garments sector has many hazards that can cause injury
to workers. Supply the missing letters to complete the set
of word/s. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. D ___ E I ___ G
2. B L ___ D ___ E R CANCER
63
3. S ___ B ___ T ___ ___ C E
4. C ___ R O ___ ___ C
5. S ___ E L ___ I ___ G
REFERENCES
A. Learning Materials
Module
K-12 Dressmaking/Tailoring LM for Grade 7 & 8 (2013). Manila, Department
of Education.
B. Webliography
http://www.ccohs.ca
Hazards and risk
http://www.ccohs.ca
64

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SDO MALABON CITY

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. A machine used to sew fabric and materials together with thread is

Sewing equipment and different tools are used in garment

TYPES OF SEWING MACHINE

1. Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is usually used in

6. Button Attachment Machine. This is used in

7. Bar Tacking Machine. This is used in reinforcing the

A. Directions: Draw a sewing box on a separate sheet of paper and

1. This ais sometimes called straight

2. This is usually used in home and

3. This is used in reinforcing the opening

4. This is used in making fancy stitches and

5. This is used in making buttonholes on

Pin Cushion Thimble

Sewing Gauge L- Square

Buttonhole Scissors Seam Ripper

Directions: Enumerate at least 2 sewing tools under each classification and

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

A sewing machine is a machine used to sew fabric and materials

3. Pattern Selector Dial

7. Needle Clam Screw

1. Thread Cutter 6. Power Switch

Directions: Name the missing parts of sewing machine. Write your

Directions: Identify the sewing materials to be used or the parts of a

2013. K-12 Dressmaking/Tailoring LM for Grade 7 & 8. Manila: Department of

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

Directions: Name the different parts of sewing machine. Write your

1.___________ 2.___________ 3.___________

Taking correct and exact body measurement is an essential part in

Body Measurement Chart

1. NECK AND BUST

1. The horizontal measurement is taken from the left of the figure to

METRIC CONVERSION CHART

Simple calculation is an easy mathematical application used to

In measuring the length and width of materials needed such as fabrics,

¼ Inch = 0.25 Centimeters

8 Inches = 20.32 Centimeters

Directions: Identify what is being measured by writing your answer on

Directions: Read each question carefully and write your answer on

Directions: Enumerate the following statements. Write your answer on

MEASUREMENT ENGLISH SYSTEM METRIC SYSTEM

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

A. Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best

Directions: Convert the following items in centimeters. Write your

Simple calculation is an easy mathematical application used to

Quantity Materials Unit Price Total Cost

I. Directions: Match Column A which indicates the female body shape to

Directions: Complete the sample computations for fabric, thread, and

1 pc Old Folder N/A N/A

A. Directions: Read and understand the following questions and write

Table for Word Problem 2

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

Directions: Convert the following English measurements to Metric

1. 10 yards = _________ meters

The Principles of Design are concepts used to organize or arrange

Basic Hand Stitches

Back Stitch – This resembles machine stitching and is

Catch Stitch - This is used for a flat finish next to

Directions: Identify the basic hand stitches illustrated below. Write

1._____________ 2._____________ 3._____________

It means a They are near

It is the art of The

1._____ 2._ 3._______

1._______ 2._ 3._______

1. Oiling of sewing machine _____ is necessary.

2. B L _ D _ E R CANCER

4. C _ R O _ ___ C

5. S _ E L _ I ___ G