Civics

The Indian Constitution

• The fundamental rights are mentioned in the Articles 12 – 32 in the Indian

Constitution

• The fundamental Rights are derived from the USA constitution

• There are 6 fundamental Rights enjoyed by Indian citizens.

• Right to Equality (Article 14) gives equal status to all the citizen irrespective of

sex, religion, place, birth place.

• Article 17 prohibits the act of Untouchability.

• The right to Property was abolished by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 and now it is

a legal law

• The fundamental Duties have been derived from the Russian constitution

• The Directive Principles have been derived from the Irish constitution.

• The process of amending the Constitution has been derived from the South

African Constitution.

• The President Emergency powers has been derived from the French constitution

• The parliamentary system in India has been derived from the British constitution.

• The Scheduled list has been derived from the Canadian constitution.

• The Parliament of India consists of The Lok Sabha, The Rajya Sabha and The

President
• When the Constitution came into being on 26 January, 1950, there were 395

articles and 9 schedules in the Constitution. But now there are 444 articles and 12

schedules in the Constitution.

• The Article 53 gives the provision for the President.

• There are 3 organs of the Indian Government

1. Executive (Implements law)

2. Legislative (Makes law)

3. Judiciary (Sees proper working of law)

• Theory of division of Power

1. Union list for Central Government (99 subjects)

2. State List for State Government (66 subjects)

3. Concurrent List for both Central and State Governments (47 subjects)

4. Residuary List

• Ordinance can be passed by the president when Lok Sabha is not in session

• India is a unitary and federal country.

• Emergency can be declared by the President on the written permission of the

Prime Minister.