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:VIII

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T.ABL E 'O:F CONTENTTS

THE INTERNATIONAL. .MJ\.TCH •

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R.E:F.l:NlNG TH E POSl T lO.NS

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The P:!;,lI'pO,!;Ie' of fhis mrl,ntHd is to reii:iQ:r:g ,the iPl!'i:ndp1i.e~ a,I1Id t'~,chni'qll'~s oJ l.nh~, :r-n,ati,on:i!!.l Ri fl e, IS he aHn.~ with f!hi!!:: p ri ma:r- Y 'i':fbJ e ~U ve !!';jjf i m:p:r Qving the'

!;I ha,a!bG i' 8 P e. r.f61f' rna n~ e i 11 e. ~mp e'lt;i H,on., Th IE t!2i c nr!liq ill c is rl,Did! ltd eas p.'U'~ hilT tIli liD i'hi ~ lTI:;I!,nJl,l,·,i;j. 1 1" (lp~' i2I S G'Ilit the. eolll,e eU, v'it: th:5.'n.ld,;tli g 00:£ t}1J e 'llb:lIih.! d St:a te::;i' m:i9da.l

",.:1. nne r s of ~h e 1 ~ et W Q,r 1 d Cni3! rnpiofis n.i:p s , Fan A me, ri e an :and! Ol.ymp.ic: aa,I'll1@"8,. Th'e~·e 'hH;:::hniqJ'IJi@:5. a.:nd :hlJe.~s ar,e not tel'. be tili-'!k;e,'l'lJ ,as ~he' fi,na.l 'war,d. or' !!;,oltlltton

to sueees s tn, internationa'l 8,nooting but rMhe:r the toes"' inio:rmatic;m prEl sGI'lthr ,ava.i1a'bl~ to g-uide the de.velopmen,t Qf th,e int:el'fr'ni3!.H'!:ifi~,ll :riile shoote r , Every !5ihQQt:e'I" i ~ ,an ind i vi cl,ual, ljlHf e'r'in,~ f:r om hi:s fell 0""" ma.r'k 8.-mifa ill. phy'sl It aJl r.

me. nt all Y ;[Il,nd! tn s he o,tillJ:g 'Sa ckg'[' GflJ,nd - UliJ.lJ s , sue e e.s is in i,nt,e"rna,H onal ri:fle

i!il ho,otin S 'hi th e ~l r e ;c.t :Ii 'e,s.,1lU of t'h,e ~;nd!i vidu,ial.! is a.ibili.,~y to m.odHr a s t ;m:tlQ;,s,:r d. t r ai:tTli ng p r CI,~ '["a, Tf"j, to 'm,!'.:i {r~ hi S LFWn, :r if: q)iL'iJ:t 1" e m ent s,

A s,ho.ot.e. r s., P'~ ~g:r e 6 E! 'If! hl,tE.!,'l"ni3l ti ona Ri:ille 8 hcoti fig is ,d.i e eU y p r Q'PQ rt·ional to hiB d~Bif'e to aehte .... e and his a'bn-ty 1;:'0 dearly a;naly.·zt: his 'pe::rf,orm-. ,a'!J'lCoEl'. 1.'hi;s rna.nu.a.l h de.:signed! to help "'hoe shooter "rVith )tis .a.na.lys1s. Fa· s:implidty, the text i~ writtGI'i. in ~ mannee fha' ~HH·t!;l;ini51 ,tQ rig'h~ hand~d shQQt:e 1" s,

The v&liodHy of the 'm8i:te:r'i.~l p~"'eiil e:nted her,ein i.s Lil,Ueatlt:id toO by the.

l" e s U! 11; s' a tt ainil!i'd. in I' @lIC !'.lin,'!: ye a:r-' sand. at p'r' e 19., e'~t,. Urri t,ed S't aba!!l ,A, r rn y lnt e lI' = fl,a. ti ena 1 ,Ri fl e '1' e a m~ i;I.,nd indi vid'l,l! a,l ~'h'D [l! C li' 8. '\i 8 ing ~he ' e e h_n;i~'IJ,e ~ ,q.~' ~ e rib E! d in ,fth~ ae pa:E;ea ha ... .re conttnued '~o win in WQf.'ld, cQ;;r.rt'p"eHUo'J:lj. T'ne effectiveness of tr i!ll,~.ning 'm ethon!;l Ls lrne,a S UF!Sci! by 'fr he aU c c e' B sin. c: 0 m:p,e:ti't- 'o~.,

Tnis :ma.nu,al is d!it!,U.t1;Q.ted 1:'0 t.he shoote'J:" wbo is s erim.l.81v inte :r-(!::5'~;fcl. 1.'iil ,;;l:~t.a ining n;;J,a~'i rrrurri c:·on.~ l" 01 of hi 8, d e-v ~:n.'ope d s ~'iU i n 'he art, o{ Int e r na Hon,a! Ri fl IE! e 0.lrnpeti H "'E!' rr'.al"k i!ii rruan tl hi !;L.

,~iU)NEY ,R.' HINDS, JR.

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CHAPTER 1

I HE IN'l' ,ERNA T'lONAL MA 'r en

A. GENERAL,. The two :tt;;.edalii!ii in ,F'igu;r'eiil, 1 ,a.nd- a ha"j,'e On.E! th.ing in eomm~n. both a,re aw,p.~ded on1y t,o the, fiin!e i!!i t ;8 hoe'!..e r Sl in. the world.. Th e Interna,1:iond P1 !1!tin,guia hed Aw&l"d 1.8.' the hi,g:!b.e ill t a wa,rd thi!il tL!ilPtioon can be st,ow l!JJ'PQn i!L miii'"'k: 1!I,fil;~:[IJi~ I'hi!;l, :m,e·d!aJ. is a;wa.r d tid. 'Eo a i!! hoO't.e r W-h.~fi he r.ee. ,ei Vlei hi,s fi 1"!i!!t medal 1:n in'!::,er.na;,tiofi&1. world c((lmpeUtl,o'I~~ Th.iI!i Ol.ympic Q.old! Moe:d,iI,.i ils :a,wa.;r.'[h~:d Qf 'C01l!!.rSe t.o. the 'W-o.t"ld c:hampi,o!1n ,a"t th~' 01 ympiG 8 .

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1. Th.e 01 ymph;;: Game!9i a r. e the 'm.CI'llIit: dliffi cul.t: c omp(! titiQrt~ ifi whilth to win a. med il!!-l., O~l.y "iril.i'rid, .. 'ual m!l!!d,ah. are givilirtli,r i. e~" only Cine g·ohl!, 8,ilvel"~. and bl"o:nze: pe::r' ,event. Ah,a, th.~ U. S. tiilla.rn, i:l

e{ ... mpQ!II~Q. >0£ Qnly :fcrur lnod:i"Vid,ua1iil se:h:::,eted :git: :gi hYQyt, lllcrrrrtally rJlj.n ii::OIncu:rrEfl'!itly with th.e Nat,l"onal Inte:r l1la.tt ofllal Charf.llpiQn!'- hlp 15i., On]:y 'fw,o. ,i!! hQo,t.e:r IS C:Qn:tp e't e in ;ea en iI!IV~I':vt f:t" om e. jjj,.~h ':I'liati on ..

2: ~ 'l'he Fa n Arne r lc an Oame~, . ''IO!l:nU.k~ tih£ Olymp1 C'S il;l" e Ii)!p en o,n] y to ~ ti,on 8 in N·el'l"th.~ South" and.

C ~~Iit i" al Amc'l:' Lea.. F,oul' ma:n te a:m ,a.woEl'rd!ill a..r e a'1.ii1 0 'pr lili e. rrnte d., :and foOT' t'M,1i r e:a ~ 0111 :no,!, rna.lly floight l!I;hoote:r~ i;!.r.e !;!lE!ill.!I!!Ich:!'!d for this. ,comp~t1.Uon.. AHhouS;h 'foll.:!.1[" eh'l;ia'~I~ri!l fiiL'"iIlI in ea'c::h evene, oDly two ca.n

sho.oot. tOI' tb;e.; iMi vidlu..~'l l'\"'i(!Ia.i:il. ,a,lld thelY iiI' e i!! el e c.'t ed p~ io~ ,t g, £'i ·d'ng. ,.

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3 • The 'W o,:t"lld Champ~!iJ'n!i!,hip ~; 'OPiIl!ln, tQ ,a,11 na. tio:pl,s~, tn(jl u,de::I ail iiix iTl toe l"na 1;: io n,a]_ cv',ent 8. N Of' rna]! y fD'U!I:' lOO 'mittel' a,'fid. fo'!l.f.' 500 m.e.'te:t'" 8hQoot'e':r'!;l, ,ar~ ~elle(:teid voith one ,~llt'e'l'"na:te.. An ~ho.oif:'BrS! ,U;;t1 iJ!iU,iibJ.~

1: 0, win b'oth an iI!ldi vidual aM a team m.ecl!al. Ea.~ h of ~he ,a.'bQ"1,e av' i!I fit s. ,a,r. til h.eld. ·cynoc e ev'e':!:"y fQur ye e.:r ,51 IJI.I'·e ill 0 s:pac.,ed! th.a t ,two d,o not fa.ll. o.n the is arne yea f" •

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4. The Eli :t"ope !i,:t'!I. Ch!ili.l"4pi Q'fIi ~ldp Si .a:r E!

E!lxc.l"ud: edl fr Q:r.n t~hll!l Fan J, me.rican Oamce.e.. ,ex,a, cH y like t'h e W c!'1"ld! Cha.m.pion e.irlp.s.,

opGln to. al11 n:a HoniS, o.f Eu:r- op e and, b a.S'l a e.l.'l y eve:r YDfiiJ!j who i$ N Ol;r rna'll "f £'i:r'ed! !;I it;! tni .. a"fifill'i.I~.l1 y ~ this' c. o.m'p',et:I:U"on i iii 'C.Q.:ru::lI~ ~t ~d1

B.

L Time: N'.altll;fl'l,a,l Rifl!.!J![:: A is ,m oe.ia U!i}.liI. ma.'t e h e i!I, 1" equh e ,t:he c orn.p ~tL tot' to. shoot hi:!li pos U:iQ:f;!.e: in a. limit,edi amQlIJ!nt of time. Int~r·n.at:iJ.onal Shc)o()'fing lJn1QIlI mate.hee· allow a lon8cr p'l!!l"iodi of tim>e f;j)ir the: shoo'te:li:' 'to, work and 'C'Ol:!,C eln.tr la1:e on, hi 8 p~'r:llo rrna,'DC e. The:r. e 1 s 'fLO, 1I'le,ed to hu.l' l"y tn!l!! B,:n..crf I

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2" 'l'a ri; ~ t !it The: t.a.:r- g ,et bta ele {iif. the. ISU a'nd NF-..A. ta'1" gets a,r e almost 'id e. nH e a]... Howeve]"; ,t.he

II 'C.Q.l"i:!!lg' ;t'l n~',51 on thlt IS U tali"g,,~t a, r~c: o.n:8 lii,br'a bl y :3 maUe:l" than 1;iho e. e O'n the IN R.A tar get:. Thus, t.he

,L5U 't~a,:rIiE:t i:!, mliJ:re dema.:nding upon the !1Iho,O¢€Il' 9. It iie til, m;;}l'e 'dh crioo:n;;a.t~;i!'!Jg mea.8u:re of p!i!lrf·o':rm,a.fi(:~· 'than Uiil;!l NRA tat" g e:t~ .

. 3.. F ir'ina :P'oi;J:]~ i5.i = il'!! ,IS U m~t c lil'l2l8 j. £iI'i,ng p,oint.:!I a'r if: t'Ii suel.l y e Ql?e. r ed! a nco il!!ndo I!I'i:M:I ,on th :Ii,e e I!I :id e. 8 •.

The pu,:rpol!I,e ·of this: 1! ,to pr.otec,t the s'~Qotel,"'E! fr'Qim th@ cliG'ITri,ents (::f],gI!3i're J}. AlsQ,;all e,no.ot'!i!lr,8 a,r~ ~qu.a:ny pr-ot.cCiU;d, t'hi.i!i i:5 not. always bu'e i:n' NRA '~tehe.s: when t'f'iGOS Or' build'ing.8 ibe·hind ~::rI Qp.en firing li.1!!E! 'p:r'ot,B,et aoID.E!1 'EiIh!i~l!;;I't·Brs. fl"ifI'm wind, while ether s.,ho@t:e.:[,"'ji;!. go 'lUnp,rote;t:;:.ted,

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L SiihHn,j; i!ih.a,'~i!ii ar,e fit.i3.d.~ ~;t $pe'eiflecl. '~a:rg,e:tIS+ Th'ey. 'm1J!.5'e be 'mage "b~:foF.ji:: ~l" 'be'f.;'Wee'!I'!. 1 (11- sh~t • t:dngiil, flOi!:" m~;t:ch '!;ICOl"iI;!I. In ot'her wer d a , once a. sbecter begtns ~hQiQti'~~' for ma.toh 8(:{!ll:',e, he :muillt compl(:;te a 10- shot B,'tl"ing in U,!,~t po!iliUOoT:l. befoI.' 9 he c,an retu.:t.'n to a. ,igh~er tarset in. flhat p'O.!iitiOfi;

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3. In world cha.rnpionsh.ip !;Im:i:!-llbQ;re __ c.oInp-etit,i,onj• crilly one glli,~t is fi1'"ed, at ea.ch. tall'·get. Thu.8 'the c'ha.ngins of tar.S Dt 5 'r equ] r e s th;e fir· e r t,o p. r. oc ~·~d too ii!i. r.nuch s Iewer pae e th.an is the cus tQn~ 1. n N BtA. m·a~che8.. ltli ~OO me·tel' rna.tchl:!lr;lj 10 shots are 'usuilllly fired a.iI;: eiEleh tal" get. T'he is equcm::Q of 'the rn.at,e'h ':1 B, pr()ne I' S t.an.ding a no kneeli~:g.

4.. Scoreikeepel"::

«J) ReCQrd ·th;e: 'value (as biGBt fie:! can) of e!il;(lh :shot on a. iI·c·[Jr~boa·rd f,oT t'he 'bellefit ~lf spect;atOl'll.

His :I'Gc.or-d Qf the' n~.mber o.f ehots fired ts official. BiB rG-cord o·.f the value ,of' each shiJ't fired h· unoffieta 1,.. The f.' e gi 8tf!: r k!3'B ~IE! 1" I~. r,e ce r d should hl!!J pr e se 'I"'1,I',e d, howe ve·i'" , a. is ill; '!IIiB. Y be ref e l."'];"ed to by ·the Jury o£ Appe·dii. i~ &e:vi.e.-''''ting t.at"6lfclrts •

b i The p. os ition o.f Regi stErr Ke ep,e:r- is. highl}l" y.a];1IJ ed in E'ul' {;IP!!l ~'ii II: crunt:r-l;E;,8 , whi13 r e ,s F!oI;~ r:;:ta tor

int e:t' c:mt in. 8 ho ating evenb! :run ve l' y hi.S1h~ Reguhl.t:J.{)n IS'U l' fin.,@: e a ha;vG 1 a,r i'e all' ea e- 'r e:sl e·!t"ve"d 1{:q" e.p~cta.to!:':s.. ]!)u,ring ,a match, t'li:·~ :a.i"~.a behind a. leil:l.ding Elhoa·tl!=r is US\1la.ll~!" ¢ompl,e't.ely rUled with.

e p iI!i i;t;a tor.!;I e.qu:i:n;lrped with binD il;:l,lI.l i;li.r."!!iII • S;pe.<::t:a t{lil'":!1 at· is iT a.c:i tiQnaU Y "l!e:ry C ou:r t;e:Qu 8 and ;5 yrnpa.dlil!lti-c to-w·a rd th·e ;9 h(iote 1" 8 i

s. AW3.l"dl!l Cel't::mony: A il::l"~d:Hional CGi'G'InOny att,endiiil' the 'cQmp:le'tion. {;if ~v.@lf''Y IS.U' avant. Th~ firl$·t HI!:ree pla.iC~ winn~ra rn.-ount. iii. g.-·U,el" ptldGstal Bl;nd ar-,e p:resented with g'old~ l!Iil"",el'~ and hr'oit:llll! medah • .f'Qf.' fir:13tf $!E!·cond!; ,3,.,nd dU1"d place {lnglJ!.:r,e!iJ, 4. and 5).. Then the fi:I'"st pl!.ace winni!!ir is. h~Q."1e,d, by th.e· pl.a}iJ:!.!!: '0£ hi IS na-t i,,,;n~1 ant he m ill'l,d the 'f' ai :sins' of hi 13 na t:ii. CI:n,a 1 f1 ag + Th e e o'~npleti on Oo:i tnt s

e ~ 1" ern:ony m~:rk,8 the of.f:l cial dlo S·E!J -of 'thE rna t oh ..

.D, CO URS ES OF FJ[I=t,E. Th,e:1:" e ~r e ,~ix type a 0:( Lnt 1E!:r l".la tional Shooting TJ ni.or, :rna t.e h e a .of. i nt €.:t" of! s t t<Cl

thl'i~ i nt e r na.H (I :n.a.l ~h00t.e 1I' '. Th e y a r IE a.s fo11-ow 8 ~

1 .. E~')gli ,!;l h r,,:lat c h (5- 0 }';let; It!.r s ) .' T hi e c (;I nIp e tito 1" fi:r e' s a n)a::o.:: irnu:r.t'i ;;),f 1!3 5 i g ht i ng s,hot s· ,a:fi,(j, 60 shot;s fm' rn~tch s cor-e h'on) 'the pr.oI'Je po:;:d't'l .: rrn, The Hm,€: lirni'~ folI" fhi s rnat c h is 2; h r a 30 rrriri, 1.-10T e

S hoO'iI;e 1" s thr aug: hou t t.he 'W o :rId c (I :r.t'Lp,ebe l.'n thi is event Ul@n an yo 1:ltne:r 5'1 J'l.g·l e int e :rI.t;!!!. ti (I :ri:~l eve nt.

2.. S:ma.l.lbO·l'!8 T'i'r:!."ee.-,POSiH.on (.5 D lvlet~r ~1. The CO'n1;peti.tnr fil'€!S a rnax.i mwm {'.If 1 (I; ,sighting sho~~s arsd 40 s ho~~' :if or rna t C h s e 0'1' e i n IE! s,e h '~{'.I8 i ti Q~ (pTi' Qne, st :;i.:fJ.Q i ug. ?!. 't'Jdl ln1.~ e.lj;ng}; 1" he: ~'i me 1 i:mi t s 1& re ~

J hl;' .3 0 min prol"J Ill:; 2; hi" S :3 h:nding: .l hr 45 i:nin 'k-n.c::: eIing.

3. ,Free' Ri_fl.e CHl'O ttet·e'r'!;I 'I , The ccnnpetHa,r :if'i:res a m,a:d'rrJ,u'm. of 1.0 si.;~rhtin~ shot a and 4{;'! a hct,a

for. rna tch sc or e ttL ea ell po s i ~:i on '(p':!:" (line. s t~.:t'Iidi:ng, and kl:1!e eH.ng) '. T'h ~ ti rrie lirni t a are: ] lrr :). 0 :r.ni n P'l~ one::. 2. hr!3 :s ta:.l:'!ldin;!':: ~ 1 'hr 45 rrri 11. l"'i:L~ eli 11g ~

<4. Srifrallb o:!t e S'b!md..3. :t'd Ftifle {.5 ij :to.ete l" S ) i ,and 20 8 hat 8 :f 03:' 30 min,

Tbe eompeh~or nl"e~ :;i ma;,.:;J'iri':lU!lYI of six :!l!igh:~tng shots a'n<il kne el i ng ). The'~ t;;Jt,d ti me :Ii. s 2 'hI' l'!

5., Fun Bore Stand~,r'd llifIl.e (,300 M~-te,r:!:i }. The conlp.eti'~o:r :fi:res a maximum of s ix sightirlg shots

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a nd 20 shcd'!9' foll' rnat eh ~"lcm~e in ea,eh position (p'rone; :sta.ndin.g. and kneeling)+ The total fi rne it;l, 2; hI·!:!

~Q mi.l!.~

6,. Ai 1:' RLne (l (ii M.eh1:T- E! J. T'he c u-m.p,etlt{) t' lit' oil:: s a :t'nL~:xiI.ntirn. Cof U) :s i.ght1:nf:!; shots 0.'J'ld. 4. 0 iihot:s f or m..ateh s cor e i:r' (l,rn. th'e ::. tanding p'o:si ti.c-n.. C'li r r ent 1 y thi:s evtl'ifit :i 8 Ii It' o€:'d QI'ill y i 11 '~h~ W01" Id and Eu,:t:' opean ChaIrl'pia'Iij,8 hip 8 .

~. CONDUC·tI:_NG A:-.l IN'1:.E;;RNAT10N.A

SANCTION.

:EUFLE .)...fATCH 11'( THE L"Nl'l'E.rJ. STAT ES UNDER NRA

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JL It is ob ..... io,"llS that a Il 3l8pOCtB .of 1'h'r:~ a<rga!l1'iZiiI,tioO:n and co duc t' oJ a:n 1SU rnat ch ar e desigfll.ed to.

~ 1) p r ovid a ,8. n ae C1..,1.l' at IE! dis c r' i m:inah ng rn ea ID.S 0 f rnea sur il1.g pe 't"of 00 rrn a n,t:: if! a.nd, f2; gi ve €- v I!!: 1'"1' i3 h L'J Ott e r an ~q1.l! al o.pp" rtunity to d t:Ji ve r th e b.e B t pe:r f t)~ [;;~an c IE! h ~ i:!l t:.ap a hI e 0 f p r o·duc i ng., Thi:3 8 ph i t c a·tt prevail in an ISU 'march eve1fl th.{mgh. 90n··H:= ~,8pi2lCt!:: o,f Hs arl!!a:niz,8.'tion and c onduct are :mQcliHed to adapt it to l e s.s ,e:x.pen!;!jve facilitie,!;I.

2-+ S:POfi8 o 1" 6 til h O'uld 'not be s ita t e to c cud 1..1l ct IS tl t yp e 8, rn a.l lb o r' e milt c he s a s the)o' a:[' e be.e 0 rni.ng rnoj-e and, rnor e irn.portoP.-:t1't, ~ specially' .:,~n'1{)l:1.g the yotJn.gt'!-J' shoot·En·s '~h:;i.'l: hope to 80. 'rle(1a y COll1p,ete' f'or th,eir ~OllJ.ntry.

J., As :stat,ed: befo.r c, the firing poir·ts a.hou sd hoe e'Dvel:',e,d ,j!s.nd erscl o e e~ on three a.id~!S~ Wei i,eel thM t'his 113 eS:9,ential t~o the pro~e:r' cond1,lct cli .;, n IS'fi.i 'I,:'Y"p.e rna t ch , Prep"",dng th e fl.rin~ p,oint8 can, b~ ac,t:,Q.rnpli,s he d q\1i,'t e ea is il y! e spee i.~ 11 ~~ if :;1" r oof a h' €'acl 'Y" ,OX].!3 t B ove r t h~ fh'iI1.g :p oi fits .

4. The :purposa at th,e eIli=l.o8\~,[!'e;£; is .. o pr-ctect the ~h<l)oters. :hCHYI '-vi id, rain and :sun. Any ma+e:rial, iCII,nd Blny de.s:ii~n of c on atr-uctfcn. which will I!lerv€ ·his pur pe s e , t s adequate, 'tht:, e ncl oau r e may bit tGrnlporary 01" r'e'~nov.ilble iii I.') that the '.1'ange 'may be con .... ·e,rte-d. 'bad~ no NRA march spiil.,::i:(jj,caHo:n:s,.

5,. Many c Iub s 'hav'~ fouml th"lt 6. ... {00t ta r g e t :fl."arne;!; 'can b,f!, ee !i::cbed to fOl:"·tYL e nc l oe ua eEl. Othltlra have' us-ed' ta:::- get: cloth 81;1.' et:ehed on. po e e abl . fl'ame::!:l. Any rne.t e r i al will .Bt"'.:]·Ve 'which k..e,eps out W'!l1;athel:" and dll"~ct j;l,um" ght,

6+ Notic.a that two fil"i'tlg points a r e i8nclose,d 1;015 eth 1'" fFig1.u"e .3). The e ncl.osur e fh'l,l~ iorrns a booeh whlch hcuse s tW0 :z:hout~'r8,

4

'1, .A a;i:t:Lg1.,t! It'',ea.:t'' waU exite:nd iI the hmgth 'Of Hie' :f'i rin,g l:iLn~., A;Ii! ;'l,is 1 ~ CT' d-DO l"wa y' ~l:;i 8 t 8 be ,!;"",;."e e J1 th~ :ti :ring b oorfJj,l;I, !;j,oQ ,that :s p e Cit~,t o:r is ~:nd I!:lif:fi d,d!;!, :~.y wal'k 'l;.:!.p and! d.a:~-'l'l the £ill:' ipg line wi'enQ1;;!l 1.nt e'r ~ fer';ing 'wi th sho;[)t,e:r 151 •

:3.. ne. t,;;;I"r g eft ~ ontain 8 5 'bull! 8 .. ;f::ye I!I;.. Chii.'e of th«:; s e: bull' s - e y,e; ~ i,,~ q,>e:;l ig~a t e,d ,a,~ a 15:-igbti:n,g t~ '1' g et , '(TnE!lt'iI!:, is one ta,:r,g et fiiJr' !U fI, e .at 5-0 met'e i" ~ '" aIr.Lofll,I!!i'ii fD r u.s iI!: ~'~ So 0 r~:r- d sift he r e '1 s no, 5- 0 met: e r U:tll'l~~. ) 'The t',a.::rI1'E!'il ~heg'ta ~:t'o th>Ei same :size as NEtA SO, Y'~:irod! t~'l:",g;e,t ~h~if;!lta j and fit i;'h'il1,q.a:crd U,T ged; f:r-~rnt::'Ei.

9.. PI"a~Uif: 81 r e~CJ!ub'e:n'li~n~,a, di,eta'!;'!i!i t'iha t :5 ;sinbt,s b ~ fit' 'l!iltli irn, ea ell ma.,teh S e {;il;' e buH i is - ,eyes. ttd is i!!Ipa,blii!ls the: i!lho,oter!S to fbe ;ao :m..at<::h i;;!,h.Qit~ b!li!io,re' iI;:']lan~tn~ '~,a,rg,e:tI!!. Ef a ha.,H eou,l"se, is, fbe:d. the sUliQQter :i.!;i! allowed ~ total @f 6 s:i,ghdng shota; in each pO!i!~iH~n, i:tf a :ff'uu. cCilifoi:H::: h fi:r.eq. the s,hoobei" 18 aUowed a to,~;gil of 1.:2 5i ghHng i!I,hot!o in ea ~h P;0,S i ti Q:tl~ ('Y'he 'Ill 5'1l,al 1 0; pl'U!3 ,2. :f or the, C,IE! 1 a. y i:n it n.a,n~:i.fi~:

:i:&:r gets ,.) A1'!!Y UIt'!U eual -d.,ela yP;;, ~nti tl (l the SElootiC:r-:!i to 'tw,o (2.)1 mol." e .add i tiona! fI ig hti~g ,!;I h,ot 8, irnln1l;! di;:..,t ~l 'f' a:t£ter i:he c,e,a.s:e flre: is l£tted~ Under NItA modHied r'U!ie8 'll!nH.mi~ed. :ei~'ht;et"s 'm.a.y b.e fi,:rce:di

111)., Of'fidal!!l, ~nd! i!j hoeter 13 will f1.:ri.d tha,~ matoc:h e fI' C o1!ldu,c'e ed in 8 u,c'h_ ~ manner wU], J;"u:n ju s t a:5 !9n'ltoOot'hliy ,;a,s; ,a, r'!;!igula'tion NRA. t"ytJ;if:: mfite'h. and! peJ:"h~ps me~e f!!O be·(;::;a''I;,l!s·1I;! S.']:'i!IOiDt~r:9 ,aI'€: nO'~ r-u:Ehed i,n

eih,an,g:i,ng tal"goeti~ Q,'f el!~J!!lAip''!i:n!li!i'nt. ' ~.

11.. Match Q:jffidal!i ar e s,omeHm,es (;;ve:r-e,once'l":r.;,~:d 'with the ~'iho>otG1:!r'Ei," ,~qf! . .1I:ip[ne:fit.. !Rarely is Ul~gal eq,uip'Ine:;g,t ua e d tt.lt~nti D,na..l.'l:y., ,M.:any time:!l the !ljffi e i.al J;"ul e 5 d~ ;not ~ QV',e r '0!Ei r t at:n 8:1 t!J.a Hon Ei '0 t' it erns of ,e.q,:!.d,p~nt~ ln, liIi1JJch caaee judgm,enfi' :rQU1;I'i; b~ T'l!!ificit!IT·e.d r:r-.etm tih,e ,!pi'l"H 01 'th,e com:petH:ion :rathel:' than the lo'-l.h:: book", Offiei.al ill, a hou.1d, ~'Oit he §l it,at,e to c,all 1J.p·,o.n. fh'lti aCl!vi It if: of exl:H~ :r-iif:'no i!!:<l lS U is he otoe' l~ a, tn,

a: ete r mllnlng tho a.d,mi I!!i, sflM.Hty 00;' a 8,P e <i iii e pile c e oi equ'ipme n'!; ..

1.!.. M~;ny <iii h.o g;t~ r a 'willl b!ti) int,e:r iI1! s'~ ed l,n ISlJ rnat;clil,'~ i!i i:it'IJ S~) ,£o!oo1.: 'in~ O'O:l!" g ~U E!'r "!' :ii' ang e is" Mat ohe:s

, .

m:ay:b,e irJ'i)'nduetedi wi'!::h l:.!!O modi£ic,.ationf!! ~Q e;:;(ieHng r'ang~ fa,G:i1itie::iL Half eeur se a:r~d full eour ee

'm.at~hc 8 rna. ~. be :t:' ,e-iY~ i!I be:r ed wPth i:h e HRA,

,. . ... , 'f <' .. ~il ." .. .., ,.,...

1 S" FiIty me-tel' il;;nte'jf'nati.Q;nali 'it~~ g,~1; Ei, :;t",!!1IC.uiC ~d for' P'i!! e at .s'{i fe!et a,'[t"e a 'If'a:Ha bl.e. The s; e t a:,;r. get.!;l

(A- S 6,'~ hiilr"!fe 12, hull i s - e.y e s ; , two 'oi' ,t'!he.:,ii! e de f!!'i gn:~te4 ~ ~ a i:ght~IlI.s: ibil,l!l1l' s ... !f'y'~ S ., Only Ci!fi€i,' ,j!; hoOt should! b e fl!.:[' ~d! i!:!t ,;a. :t.n..a tch 1;1 ,1,";:,0 r ill) bull.! ,I;i .. E:! y~,. Any numbe zo' .of ~'[b;ot:s rna. y he :t1:r ed on oa f! ig<bt:i.lIi~' bull! g. ~ e YG.

] .: 4. i SPOt'll;!! 0 1" 8" ma.t-ch (j~nc :li.ab, and! 0'0 :tnpe'ci t()'J;" is ,a,,;r e 1 e n'CQ'I.1i l" ag ,eQ. to boe:'C, 0 me fa:m.il:i.a r wi.t 1'1 IS U RuJ.'e s .

GQPi ii!!1:5! o,f the :T'il,l!le e, ~ y bli!'i ,Ol cl'i):ainc d it' om, the N a 'l:i il5nal!. Rifl e Ass, QI!:i i.a:~i on.

CRAFTER II

SHOO TINa EQUt?MENT

,A~ B.IP,l..E'S ,FOR llr"l.l'IE.B.NA 'FEONAL COMPETI,TlON" Ea...;h i:n.t{1:l"liiJaUo:r1al eeur ae o! fll"iI;!! l~nds to ,a.,

, -

!lpe~li'i!ti typoe Qt' style 'of I"lfie fo,r Qompe'tiUon,. 'I'he',ee l"ifle 8 val"V accordlng to ISU F\lles gOV~l"IiI.ln!!l:

C om:perU t!Qi!:), ,1;1. ad the: ahoateli" EI pr ef,e it" ene.;]!: B.

a., The: p:rOlH!i I'-ifie i!;l desi,gned, e:;!;Ip'iecidly for the prODlia P()!StUQn. Tho stoc.k Is ,genl@:rally lQn.g'e:r. with i;Il, huill t - jj,p ~:ne e:k pIe Ii::;e.' to tln-a,bl.el tthe e om:p,etlto..l' bj, rna b!f!.:~i:J:'li po 51 1 Uon ove~ l~:ng pit l' led! i!il of tim e ~ Th.'B s,m,allbore prQIli,e ;., i11~ ls .2;2 ,eaUb.e:r l~ng rlO,e ,a'nd t'he :fulll hot'E! pron,e. rlfle wIn I'iiot"oe.x"eeed! i9 mttl t-

,me te:t ~ J or ~ 3l3, c:a.Ube t' ~ '(I' igu:r'~ ,6)

b,. The prone :riLfl~ ,m~y' Ib,e ''U!,B,ed in th!ll!< Englia:h M:atch and, th.e pi'Q:!'!1e p'naae oil the thl' e,e-'p,oI![iUlon

event, D1J!e to it:!!l '~l.l',t:.ti.c,'tilBlr de ilji lga, the Pl!'. I::;m e' ~ 111,e 1 i!!I g!!!!on;B,r.a.U y no;t: us ,~d hlL any 1;;l'the;r 'P'Q. i!j,lt!oIil.;;

a, Thoe ir oe.;e :r Ul~ i.e MI y ~,efbJie:d if.il the liS U rule be Q'k: aa a f'ifie with a t'll Uiffi'ib .. h'ol e s tcek, a t'am,ovable p,dm 1"!3.!;i:tJl a.~d an ad!ju,atable bu.U aiJ8,e.mbly wU:h an h'tl,t,~,It"t:'ha.!IJJ,geabl.e hook. and 'p~a\be:~ The smallbQre !1"c~ l'lfl,e l!l!l ., 22, ~:s:.ULbe,I" lQ"ng Fifle aM -tJil:i:!i f'wl bo;r,e bG,e ri.!le is a caUb,r!:i.1t" not to (!\XiC e ed ~lght mlUimu!lt~r,a. The bee r'ffi~ hi 'I,ll,iied i~ all po,dUo~i51 be:c,a'!l.lItl 'o,f H:I1I lll'he'I",e:nt abUUy 1j:Q b,e ad1Ui8t:~d 1::0' any

sh.() o'ti~ 1'.' is hody C onfi gut' a,UQll. and, pO! dt.1,on t: s'qll,l! i.-rem. en'b. ~ F. i.i~t' e 6'~ ....

b, The th.ree P0,8.UlOfi, rin,e may 'be used In the: ,Englij!,h Mat~h a~d [f!! Si-l!1 :po~iUQiE!!e, of the thrt!'iE!! p~ sUllun f're e :il;"Ul e rna t c:i1I.'B ;51.,

a, The ata.;m;il~rdJ l"~f1~ b .any tine 'Wlidch dOl;! e [lot have a thwnb-ho,le stoc'lk,. i3.dJu,st~ible bu:tt. plat.ei' butt hiUlo.k,~ hand, S t~p ~ and doe EI nail: ;f:(X(;;I!!!'li!!d, 11. 1 PQuncl! is .and a,pe'i;::Ule 1 ength and w hi t~ me ~ SU,£- ern !l;!nt~ (s e e ISU ,l"til"e!!il).. The stand..a r d :r Ule 1.1!i de a.ig:ru:!ldl to ena bl ill: ,t~h.!i!i !l!ln.o,ote I' to e am,p,lete in P'l" one, kfilE!l eUn g and s1:&.nding POB it10na of the Htand,gj,:Il',d rl,fl"e ,m8i.teh~ The sm.aUbore IBre:nda!"d ,rifle i8 • 21 call,!,c.el' :~onl rift'S and th,e f1.Al1 bO,l"!!l !;!,ta,nd,ar(a, 1'1tJ.'B 1.!5I ]lOot to ~x(:Ge,d eight mUl!.lm(itE!i',:;I~ !(,FlgUi"'~ ~d

b;, The ISt.a:r.t(i,a r d :r ,i.,fi e wa.,1!! ,(d,e i!I..lgn ed pt ima r- U y' for t~,~ ill t:;ll.:tl!d:a rd :It' Ule n'Hlt~h ~ how',1I' V~lr ~ If tih e competitor c1!~d:il"'eil', he' may ~ompet,e to llhe .i;ngu"sn a'n.d!/ol' three pOI!I,itiofi ma.t'ch with the iIilti;li:~r1a,':rd rifle" The full bot'El ~t;aM!1i.l'd I' m'a i' when n:rIil:Q in .a rnnU;a~y matc:'h, ls caned an .Al",my ritle ..

4" Al:r- RUle:

a~ The i3.lir ;dfie i.e de,dl!r:!!ecli ito m,fi)cil: the s:~me r~q'Ull"etnen,tB' @..Sl t~G !1[I.t~nda.td r.Ule.. It is .' 11'1 .(l.allib'Bl" a.nd i,s ii:lf i!ld, .at 10 ,ITI,I€ t.er I!j, (J~, :if e e it),. (F l.~u:r (i 6)

1l;i.~ The air rifle 1!9! u!!C!:d, O'!Jlly in Hli,e 10 .IT'1eter' a.ir :rl±1~ rna.t<cb. Tbe m,~d,c:h CQ:I1S,Lst,B o,f ,"0 a,nOots fbed fr,on".!, the st.aruJI ing P.Q s !UOfll.

....

l

t

.. ~.

J.

It i:lFl,·e~· 'I,ll.f!, ed i.n Illh:::l"'na'Uonal -Ga,m.peU.t;iQn fr',om top to. bo'tto...rn: am,aU bo,r E!' po ~,1t!Qnt i.fi,et g,maHbo:t"G p,];o:ne r1f!·e", sm;allbol'e .l!!ta.flId31"d. rifle,. aJ.r :rifle", full- bo·re free rifle., fu1I.= be r e ~tandiB,.)."d .rifle (army :rlfJ! .' ~) ..

7

B.. AC.CE-ss.ORIES FOR INTERNATIONAL R!FL,E"S,~. Each o!Ibo.g.hu· .. hould. ~qriLp hilt rifl.e· wit.h .aU th. ne e It II !B.a.1' y li'tern ~ 1:'0' com;pete on an. equal level 'Wl th h.18 o ppoo:nen.t Iil,., 'the· inH.:rfi.iiJ,tl·~·I~!l !lhM-,tiE! 1" !II bQ'Uld mak·~ 8·Ur.,~ his· equipme:n.t cOfiiformEll too ESU 8,pec:Eile:at.l(iifill •.

1 i, P~:n.m Rest. A a: f!l1!'H~n in. Figure 7 .• the B,b,e and! sha'pe of the :palm rt!:t't il· 'up to ·tl\e· ~n.div.id;!Q.lI;1

8 h.oat"~,!:". -l.'ne r e' are H;ua n y i!nil!l palm It" IE! eta pro.dtli.e;.~~l if: !D'.tl:\rnelr e i.3U,,; how'Ci·YiJ!l·r I ,Io.m'€; ,II hoaili!il';SJ mi>): e thilih 0V7.fi ¢\is1;;Qin palm I' e 8t.a ..

2", Butt .Phi.,te: The butt plati!l as!lp!iID.hly ~,!1I;iI'II be on~ of tbe ID.JO,I·it: uiu~M poii,rt. cd th.~ . .lil:i:it:e.l'iilatiQ!!!; .. l I'·~fle. E!J .. ri! is! id!iii is b e Ln ~ able t(ii a.cij'iUI.8t the, et;oc k 1 ~rl.gth a.ncl tnle he ight of thg hook. QI" pl"ont!: pl. t·~., th~ rlii:WiI!I r. 'biill tit pb. tel Ii! als 0 ha.ve a.dju.J!j tme:t.I{t.iJ f,o:!!' ean t a,'fid off,s et~ ThIe II!: e adJ'ILlil!l iI;:r.n en-tiS ~Uow th~. iii hCJi!I::rhl!lt' 'lbo, modUy .Jt:Jl~ .r'Ifl.!8 to fit hi.s p:iI!.rUeula.l" body ,cQ;rd',orm.aUon and 'f:lQ.!;!·iUQn~ U81!!dl pr·ope.rhy; th.e ·bu·tt pl ... te ;(l:!aH ah.G bl!' a S r e a:t help, lif'1i C~:rII i!!j,.l i!I.tGiDI'e p.la c.em.ent ~f thil!l l'ifie to the. 18 hO't:Illd·!!il' ~ F l.gur. IE: 8.),

3,~ :Hool'l:.: Th e 'hQQk i i!!j, 'Il i5J ed rna inl y to h'elp the ,J!j hOQW r p,la e e the 17 Uhi; ~n hi II 8h<:lwd.t!: r ·t:h~· iII·am e "N,", eVlf:;l'Y o!;Ihoil;" Although th~ 'h,ook :li.s used m.iD.o,gtlY In. th.e 6!·t;ln,dlng· ,a"nd R:!Il,e.elit!!,1!!l 'poil!l!itLon~ a. ·!I'i.\it:n'iber. of good $h!~H;;Jltel:' is :fhl:d l.t ts .ala 0. l':U;!I!i:iJ ef'ic.i.al l:n. t~~ prone po,,s U:io:rJ. (FI.gul'·,J!!j ,8 ~ ..

4 ~ P r Qn,e ~l~ te: Many. o!;Ing;(r~el" IS .Hnd tha:t. ·th·~ h·o o:k As 1J.mr.l:!I!:'c ~ $ i!!iI i3li"Y Q:Jr 'Iol:J.'l C ornfo lL'ta hl!g; ther,efi@;r·e, they'

'I1:s,e a. fi;a:t pr,one ~pla.t~.. The F'I'Q:t'IIe '~'Ij,tt plate may be mad.@: o.f either tubber 01" .m,e.italEt~d ha. .. th~ Cii.·[N:.·_

- .

biB ty 0'£ be lng arllJiui!jl·t;ed. ve r th;.aiLl y on th~ :rifle Ii to,~k.

. - -

c, SHOOTING CLO or mNG~

], ~ Sitllr ta : 1!:SU:r 1l1,e 8 p ezm t t ·tn.e' 1i;1rea. r. ing Oof 'tip. to '2. S = mit!; ,o,f cloth h:Lg Uii:id Bra ~noQ;Hri.M· j !a.;(;:kJ!it. -'I'hll:! ~.t.

U~ e gr ela.\:tll y d Iii! (l ~ ,e;!!!. 8 ,e is '~h.'!!: !'Jf!ec.:t!;l of pm iB e be at and ,Ii! ingle m:Ui i!I ,ei,e tr amoll:" ~ t'hM would! ·othe rwb e be

tx<ltn.5mitted to 'ch~ l' We (F igure ~~i '

2~ ShoQUng c.o~tt .A l!2i.atb.er ~bQ.iOU.ng \Coa.t give!;!. the sh.oo'l:er serna b.Qd:y IUPPCI'·t in, a.U pOillUQ;tn,., It i!;! e!;;l pe e i:dl y hcl [liM In ·the !Stan.ding: ']:!iii}:!; i. t.iOfi~ Legal. lea th.e t" it: a..i),'ta a rea "i,I"3.l1a bl.e :b·Q·m_ Am.elI" i.'C~!I'Il !lIi.iI1d E'Urop,ea.n man.ufa,ctu.re:t's.. Th;ough exp{!lIllElli'Ve;l< l,t LiS con!;l;ld,el"ed. ,8, worth.wbile Item Qf eq.u~pmen't for th~

s, e r iou.s. aho Gte r. IS i[J :r.ul ea pe·!"m.!t tb e ''IJI8., e of a l.ea t1h e,a;- j B.,cke·it: tha.t h~ 8 O[Jjl y' o!b,e ,i!:"(lIW ,0,1 'b,:~;t:tofii9! lOi;;:a. t iIl!id in th'lE! cente~ third of -tJie jacked!;.., ·a:oo .a.Ges fi,ot ha:VE! .adju,stf,!;.bl~: a1:;:['.8,;p.!;I (Flgure 9.)i .• (P·or o!;Io.me det.P.U,ed

i.nf Q,rm.!1l ti,on. i!!i if: e ISH ;;lpe iI;;.Mi c·a"UO:tli::1 .. } .

:3. P<!ln't,SI = Tr OUI£H::l r:8 tih.iic·!kn a g is c,an..fu;d: t:'xc;,s ecll 2: •. 5, n1i illlm e:te.l'· 8;; H.,a ~;n£'Q t!!;; ~·me.~t 0'1' skid! pa d Ii! .m.$. y be· ua 'ed! on the se Bi-il: and both Me' e ~ {F igu.:r.;e· 9}.,

4.. F,o·o'lwea.r-: l' h-a 9 hcote r rna y we'iiJ, r I1I'Dn.~ e s tlr' !c:il:in .. g f.a oh;,ea. r in whLeh th!t he i.Sht do II;! I 'f,!,!!)i~ ex~ eed 2l3, the lSfi.gth. o.f the fj:ole~, .and dOB~ not exceed 1 0' .m:llHtn.iI;!!t~1' a in. th.i.e;lOie,i;j." (Fi,gu.re ~n.

5~ 'Glove. 'll'hs lISU' f!,h,Qo,ting, glo'v8 n:U,;i!.st: no .. t: be m,ol"'c!I th.an .12 mI.U1mt':hrl"S total 'thiel-meeds. MOl"tI ttm e i is .ir,!2;~ui red. to ecnd 1'U~n 1:b.~ hand btl' the PI' if:: i5! iSur·e!;l. of the' 'W,t,I;I;.:t:1d ~ i9'Wp' and !5I1 ins when. iI. t't.ihutel' glD.ve 18, us ad, The gl,o'Ve mu.tl't fiot ax:t·and up, the wl'lo!;l·t. rno.l"(! th~n 5 mU.1fu:ni;;!fte.r.s f,ro/ali th,~ n.and (Figure '9~ •.

:t"ain .•

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Figu,:iQ 7.

F 19o9.;r e 8,.

Fi~u.roa 9. ShooHng ClothLng:' (a) :BOOt8 t (b) .sweat shirt.!" {c] Sho,ottiI1Ig jacket. (d ~ GloVG,!! (e·) .l rO'user 9 ..

D. O'rHE~ SHOOTING .E(JUlP.:r..·fENT. In. a·ddlti{'J;r:J. t{~ the l·ifle a e c e a surle s~ ea,eh. shoo te e gh{:;ulicl he

ou i:.fi ti:e,a wIth crthe r n.e c e !3 ~a ];'1' it'ern!i of' d.othhtg and 'B;q ui p·rn erit, 'Tn e f o'l1ow Irig item a of 9rQ]ldprn'B!!I'~ .a r e t''Bcorn,mended diS being u,seiul whll;:!l atl the sam"e time m ee tlng the rec;l"li.r·£·iftliE!nts. 'Of the In,ter.national ShoQt.i.ng Union.

1. Knl3elir,s RQU~ rh-e ·kn.e eUng :r-.olll. ean b'B rrra d a -0£ d,ot'h 0.1" lea.Ul€·1' ~ncl bii!: :f.i.lhd wIth iSland, 98;,W~

du a t, 0,1" .any GtheJ;.' ,lir'iJ,U~ble m 1;e:r!l.all.. T'he roll rrruat be n.o :l;Uo~;e 'II:.'ha .. 8. Inc he a long &nd 7' lill1;:;hes h~

d"Larn.et€r. The :ron ::i<hould confor,m. t.o ·th.e individ\u:Ll shcoeez E _poslt..i.ofi a.nd instep (Figure 10) ..

z.. Sh.p'Df:.i.li$: l\{a t t In In.te ;!;"ns,"U ona.l C (Jimpe·tl:U'Dl'l. fihoQt€ 1" s 8;, 1· € ;n.or.m ally :r It qul.lt' 'Bd to U EI e rn at !;;I p.r'Dvid·edl, by t'h,e host :range. Nitlve-rthBhn!;:~ thel'e will be m.a.n'~~ insbn.oC·s 'where ,ea'i.::h individu,d wlH need to 11.a v;e hI s 0wn,. Th~ rna, t !;;I hoti!ld 10 e th!i;n and he 'I,\' e a fio!it ~ skId is ut' fa c e f ~;m' th Po • hooter ~ s elbows {F l.gul'·B 1.0 i.

].. Sl1:hg t ThlB 1S U ~ ling rrt 1J.iSt '110' be rnor if: tha'n_ 4: 0 rn iU.i.r:n e't'e r!1l (l·~ 9/16 in che is) in wld'~J!i. Mo r e time i9 1?eq'Ulir,ed to condttl on 'th.o ' rm to the p.re!S.su.re of r.,€: nS:..f':rov 'llng1 but it n,ever'!!::heleSB peo ... ·ides

a.d aquat e suppo.rt. A :shOoter who in.t,el"J,O,s to p..al,tielpa1::e in, ISU €lvents s'ho"Q,ld u s e a nar.r.ow sUng excfu-

i>.d'i.l-ely to keep. hliS ;}'l"m . ..:;..nnditi. o ned. A leath~r sUn.g I a p:tefeE'r ed to a webb !S1i:t.lg ~FlglJ.rc 110 ) •.

.•

4. i:h:md Sto,.R: The harn.d stop ~s u sed to< pr'event the wr.Ld frO.t'il. sliding ~.lon.~ the fore,ar..m Cli' the

atQ1;;:.k. The hand atop calli be a.s large 'or as sm.aU as the shootli3t' (lI.e,s.i.re!:l. SQn'l,e shooter s rn e r el V Use the g 1 in g ~ WI vel 3.:5 a. harid at op j. howe: ve:t:' ~ thl <> 1" eq ulr Gl is ~d!d i tional o(;.ondi it ae;ning of the ha,nd to, p·r ev ~n:t 1,lJ.nd ue oi:l i is e om.fo.rt~

5. Equipment Bo~~ A $.turci..,r '!box. is 'Us ef1,_ll1 in ca l"ying • 11 01 t:h.ra rn i a ce lanem,lfj f,'!ql,d,pme~t, tna.t the

€I h cote 1" :n e eds, It s houlLd be· Ia 1" g e e):1!('Jug 1 1,:.0 e omfo 1" ea bl y con ta ln this e.qul pm e t and. s Q a :r.rang if: d. to off G i' m a x.li.i:r.u.m pr of e c tio.n to. dell c a te ,8, or! ce s· s. ode 9 !;l u,eb al!.l: !3 i ght is, ~ to·]:). \"I,ra.t(; h, i'1;f;c. (ll'" igul" e Ll]

10

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6. S:pott.in_e:_ 'r_~1.e.seQpe with ,sta:nd~, A t:elescop,e .gives ~he shoO'ter a means 'O! f!;poti:lirJ:g 'his Bhcrt •. Tbe 1;I~,ope al80 c.a;i1i De' used -fo !iI·rndy rnhage., ][-t ~hould b~ II?qulppe:d wlth. a, ~rlpod sta.n.d (j.a·p~'!bl@: ryl a.dj''il:!itml2:n.t, for: each ~ihoQtdin!!!r positi.on. Moet s,hoo;teti5! 1!,:!.;se a tele,eil;::Qpe with a rn,ag[IJ.i!y,ing power b-etwee!ii 20X &nd

j,OX ~.Flgure 11).

1'. Loading e,lo,ck; The ammunition V;;JIa.din~ blQck ii'ot only :!;Iel'"v'B!Sl to k.i!;!iep 61:e a:r.n::r.nli.fii.t1on c1~!lu'ii", ibu.t 1s h,elpf!l,l!l to' the ~h,{'Jo-te:r i.n -C'01;lnting the :n.Ull""!.ber Qf' e'h~!"{;,B Ui"ed.. The' blo'~,k. 1.51 "U.El1I,l!i:i.l1y co:n8,tI"u:~tad in 'Wood o;t: pia Bt,i e 'wi th ~ (i.:;I!. pa city ;i)f b@.ldbJ,g 5,0 to l. 0'0 .ir'OUM.I!!, ~'F l gu,r. e 11 ').,

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l [

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9. ,Berlla,n-C;'i2; W'elA_ht - Ra.ll \17 e1s'ht: Many ahoote,r-a ern:pli:J'Y ,the 'UI!H9 of 8.n addled, w'·d.ght ~tb;e.,l'lled to the :!;IE 0 ck 'Of' ~ rifl'E!i whi eh extend (;I, out ti,'Did'ei r. the ba r r eL Th] ~ weigbd: known a. e, a. balan,1: e D"r ra U 'W Ill: i ght~ tend!S to d:amp'en Q1" slow the roo v;e·m,;E::'!I1 t 0'.1 the :r' ifl;e~ a.U owinl!l:' ea.s le-I" tr 19ge:ir' ,co:nt:r 0,1. It B ho,cl,d be noted! t,ha't the: added We 19h't do iI!l;!j n,Q1t I$t'D'P the mo v~J:Tii.ent 01 'Chill: l" Hl~1 bu,t ma. y sl.ew ,thi!!! mcvemene, l' he we Ll!l:ht a,l:!;l 0; ,albJw:!;I fhll;!, ~hi;H;til;e r to teal!!. f'a.:rthe l." b:a c k in the 6lt;and.ing PQ:!;I it io:n and ,maln1;a in hi 8 'iliOn - m 'lis cular I''bone tQ bon e ~ 'I,li,PPi,) r't.

•

1 Q, Targ@:,t ,Fa:s:f:.tj:r.i,Gl"S_: The ahoQtal" ie· oft:en r ,eq_uil" ed, to nang lIih ovtti ta,1"giUt;,Ei. On m,Q:£it ra:ng,rt::5; a

$ta,ple S"i;j:1Ii afid I 01.. a e.'Sit: 0.1 ta r ~re:t dip 6 ;a:r:' e 6~fi.C i en! tOQl ~ to ,~e Cl;U: ely foa 6b~n ta r get:!;! (,F Jigur a 11 ) .•

l

{a). Shooting' box

(b) SportlfiS' t I",j:l.@:i!j; C ope (c) Load! ing bnQ.:;:k

(d) Shooting gla.!;I.fI,i;!!;!;l

!( e) Tr'ipod.

(f) ,E ",.t en 6 ion rod a·

(g) Notebook

(h) Ear P·l"ot.;;!ctOi",!3 (i) T~l"g';et clips

U ) Be :["'~wd,rl 'It,~,:r ~ ~k) Allie n wi" e:nc'h e:;l {i) Stopw,~iI;ch

12

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I 1. Shj,ootil:'il,~ Glassei5: 'l'htl:l"'€! a r e '~i'(J. g~!fiGr.'al. type,!;! of sho'Citing gla ss e s : tho ae w.ll.1::h ata.nda r d fra.rn.es and La]!' g-e I e'n !H~ eo, and. t'ho ~e· w'.ith '!I1O:ii:"mal 5 iz e 1 ens e s and j {i! L[!' ted, ad.jua ta 'hiei fr.,am,;!;! ~ '. BQ.th typ e s a,l:"@ 'vd.o;3l d y '!U iii. edl" The chief,ad. ya,r!lt~g e ,of s:bo·oting gla.. 8. 8: e. s i ill tl1Ja t: th'By aUGiW thE!! 6ho·~t-e'r to, l{!l 0 k ,th.r' OU;Llh a

C (lIn't:raJ POl'"tJlo.,n ,of '~h e lifi:t'ii:!li wi tho:ut lnt,~ :t"fa:t: e·ifi;!3 lEI f'~'Dm th e fr'~.m. e a- 'I Q '!jJ. B. e she 0 ting sla a B. e' Ei C C.r 1" I!;! C t1 'l, the ey'e !;I'lbould lQol< 'thFO'l,lgh. fh:e ce'ii:i.tr.aJ .l!l!li"l,8 are,a wher e the p:t"oe:s,e:r'ip}~i,on t s foc1l,sed., IJ'!,divi·auaLa witih . corrected vision will find the ae gl,a, s.s e s ~xtrG-mGly ~ue:B£W, Co,l,or,ad 0:1" tinted. shQQt.ir!.g gla.·s is e s ar s availabtri!: to ald 1.11 adjusting to varied 1l1i1h.t cO"!Ildi"eio'!Ilfh D,ark g:r een, smoke, ,0:1:' bIulS li3ft,sea are' '!!,l.~ed In vet'y bright s"Unlight and 'Yell,Qw l,enses at'e genel'ally 1!Js{,,:di in duJJ l!l.gh.t., Hctw€yoE!!,[", SQme 6ho'o'¢er S 'Pre,re':t:' to lJ!liiH;!! one c,o-l.Qr 'I1,Ullde:i:' all cOfIJd iUo:t.1i 8" It must be' not.ed, hOW'!iiver J! that all eefor ed Lense-s fUb::l' O1l1t so~e am Qun;t (j;f llgbt.. A~ a.ddlUo.:nal adl'va;fut;ag,s. of 8:lli<01:rtin g gla i~ !;! e ~ i 6. ths..t they 'P1"'l/}teCl t ,the ayc if' ern !j!;a s blii},w b.a ek in. ea s e 0·£ a liupt'lll" od 'pr ime':!I:" o.1t" ;e:a.,r.t~r.ldlge ci3J.!;I. e qFi ~P!ll""e. 11) ,j

12; '~ea"rifi,g Protedol:' 1H It e,~ar.dle,'E! fI' Q,f ho:w ~':t~IJ:t'iI'O:t:' the ;rt'lu~zlo£l l"t.1POl:"t 5'Bri3rne~ nealr-.ing p,l"'otecto;rs l;I.hould! ib e 'W'o. r'iIJ. .at .all Urn e s while ·Olf.!. ,the 'Jji!lt.:n g e, in, a.d1d.t.t IOfi to ph.y$ic;:,all y pr Oot~ e ti:ng the ea r ,s f:t",om pe:rmg.;rrent damia B ;e,.. iCOI:1i e ent:r,a"tl 01i'!I ea in b,~ 8 19n.i.f:iic aInU y im pr oved by e U im ina. Uii'.i ~ ,€l:x~:r-a.:t'ii l3!'cUa r,a Ji,g e HO.i::H::;S. (F.lgutl"EI 1.1) .

11 ~ R u1 e E·~ok~ The (l.ul",r cnt r.~ ~ hi:! ok L$. a he,lpf.ul i 1:'erp. Qf the oS hQiilter 1 s. ~~ul:p.m ent,., It;, ~ the' 8,hoctte r' 15. r Fa apon.s lbU i ty- to be .famU ia r with .aU the l',rtlJi,e s and r-!Ill gula.t.i CFfi 8 Jove r.l'Ti.'i~!1' the· rna t,eh ln wh] en

be is fll" ing", '

)

J4~ §_,h,ootln'Fil No-til;!bQok. p:Hary)~. Ev,e:ry shooter' sbould kc~p ~ :rIJoti2lbliD.tlk 'liD l'e~,Q:["d. Infor.m,aUon he has

fO'ill'ifiU 'ibj, b!E!l nil;!,l,pful to his '[pel" fQiI' mane e:,. Thi s, :t'Il,o'te bOo()k . ini!.lJ, Y IiI1.'Cill'udi e c'one 1:' ete in! Q~,rn 8,:ti·on, :su(l.h ~ s !:Ilgh~ ~~tUng' fQ:r e,pedfh:: ranlll:'if:' 'g;~I'08 :as well e s !l!:X[pe.:r-,rrn"efital .id,e~a.5 (!I,t p>'llyc.hQ1Q,gie:ai ,co:riJj:UtIon.i5, which. th€l sheeter ha.s £o,;rmulateu., It.is i.ffipo:rta.n.;t tha,'!; t'hEH~le fa..ets; l-d,eai5~ .an,d. pG::J:"so.nal, t~chniq1J,le!;!, hoe' prQn::tptly r,ec"~.rd.ed, 1"3,'the,1' 'i::h.a.oilll l.~Jt :1;;0 ,n'},e;rn,Qr.i, Tht.s lnf,or:ma't!lon can 'P1"ov~d!e' th.e k.ey t,Q -e,on.!Si,stent lrn'iPl'Qvemetiit

a.tul go.·od s(;;Ol"Q,e (F.il.i!:,uJ"(!~ .,I, 1 ),' - .

....

. . ], S,' ,~IQ:i!:'i,e:!l' .•

TQ~!!J :~ A few i!!oimal1 t:o.Oa.il!l $J:ioUlM '!be c'i3.1" t' i eo ,to '];:I II;! d g.:r:m, i3. dju stni! ent s en thG l" ti.ls aind it s a ;[:>I;:'81!j. _ .

A sma.lll and Ia I'!i.e. ,1;1 'C.l" e''Wd"t' tve r. pi us a is et ,of" aHe:r:!l 'Mii':r enehe s ,,1,r111 b il!l jj,s eful (F. liS'!],!' e Ll ],

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l6,., <:1 eanlng Rod, a.nd Ma t·e r' ~"al is: Th'e 'Cle~nin~, ·'r g.d [!ll'ilio'lJlld be a olf.le p~!ilI C (:l ~!'t iii! II;! 1 :t" od coated with til pla:'i!1tie. ma.t.!~!l:Ial <EiQfb~'r "tn,an the rUle. br!;U',!rel., in Pi]rder to malntaln 'a, high degree o,f a.c(;:ur~ey ~nd ~or:ree:'t. rJLile £i.1!1Jl'Ctl~,~ prQ'per de.anJ.ng.m.,iI,te:rld,i!iI aI's l'"'!;!qui.fed~ Th.ese m;at.ed.als may inchwe~' Bo,:t"e brush,es, ·,e1!o;th p.'i!. tdh~:s, li 01 v'!!!:iti,t'J! lubr 1(: ant; bolt prill!.sh:t- ru B t inhl,b ito r i' and C!1 G,a,n!n,g ,r-od ~tiid el" A I'm,s ma'nu!a,c.~ ,t'l:u." (l'r 1;1, .r·'i;I'CQm.m,end ~ e gcl.a;i;;' d e.i!1i,i!]! in.g to. m~Jnta.,ln maxttn'll.t".fi a C GUi' a"ey 0,£ th,e. i~ ,r ifll e B. (E'l g"!JJ.lJ:' e 12).

1 ,{" .:rU:E1;e, Ca.i5iflii!U ,A,'ll, ,:t"ine~ ed;'i.l~!Ftild. )lle t.l"an.El1':lQrted in cs ses of som.if:: i!i()l'"t~ A C:3.fi:vaa c·r leather case

_ r- I

iiS e:1.d£.icd.en~ for dlaU},' US,.iii a:ndi wlll ~eep the tine !Safe trQffl Jt:l(i;l"!at~h.~,I!Ii!! dU!li·t, lil.';nd the weath.et.. 'When

b:aHi3PQ:rt~g ,the l!jLflefi!1 fQ~ a 1,~g 'P.e:rlod of' tin1!e or' when. ab.iid,siv.e t!t'e·a.t.m.,e·!Ilt is Hik,ely to o.CCU1", :a. flH:·hJ

'o.r wood en box sho'l,lld be 'U Bed fo.:!r ~dd U:lorJial priOR otlon. (Fl Slll"8 li. J.l .. ~ . . .

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,][),

cie a.ning equ iprn en.t.

P;atch~g Bli'\lsl'L

Gil. • a ning r 0-([ guid IE!

~ ct) (e) (.n (~n

Cl een in I'!: ro.d 'b r''IJl1::l h 1E:!il and ja ~ Cl ea-ft.!.ng ;r;D.d

Salve"t"lil;:

Oil

Rifle case i;I ..

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'1

'CHAPTER IU

rH.E INTEGRATED ACT OF FIR.ENG

A. GENERAL.. In ·this li::ha'pt~l' w@ a f-".!i; goin.g to co.n.aide':r' 51 eve':r8Ll '0£ the fa.cto:t'.s that mu.st "ibe 'Ll'\te:_g:t"~t:e.d to. pradUCiIll' Il:liG total a.d of Hr'hig a\ aha-t.. The r,ea(le'r .!ilhoul.d bea L tn mi.n.d that we i;:·oT.lis·id,er each faco·:[, .8!1!!:pa.:t:'ately only :fo.·r ease of di..scul!i s·ian.. All CQllv,e:r·ge. a.nd a r e eo.oCIt'·diiJ.'!liat'$d rl.t a. aingle mom,e:t".!t 'eo

P:il"od}1U C'i;!! th,e 51 h at.

1. To the spe eta toO:r ,I' th e pe rto rmane is of a shOQttl;!!:r a;pp e.e.'r B d! e c e.pU ve 1y is imple'; th e B hn ob;n~ p [a ce s ,th!!: Tifl!::! in po,siti.on, takes a.'im-. a.nd puU.;;;. the tl"'igger .•

Z. But the: man bil!:hind 't.he· 'Tine knows diif,e;t:'ently.. ShQioUng is nO'~ sim.p-l'p£ij i:t invol.ve!3 a c.n·l':!.!pl-e.~ coci'I"di,n.aHon, oJ a everal n"lind and bQdy Ltmi,d'ion!3.

B i SHOOTING .METHOD, It h rel:q.tively -e>ai51Y to talk. 01' w:ri.t.e aboUit: currElC~ :sliootin,g n1.ethQdiiJ; To p'lli~ th a is· e meth'od i!J iT;!. to ];I!;roa dt e e i ~ va. Btl r mol' e diffli.c;"u'U;" It i;9 be'~a.u;s II;! 'Of th'i i;I che i len g e th.~:e 8 hoot in g :fa. B dna t e S is 0 rna.ny thOi!!lS a.nd e. of 'iP e oplle ..

I . Tn ~ s h.o·otin8: rn eth.o.d TJSAMK T 'U Bh~Q~e: j,!iI. a e eep~ i is th.a t of ho Id!tn g t'he' r\ ile tr.!i til e [0 -1' in g a. nd

.a.c~t'i. va ting '~hE! t 1'1 ~ i!!l'E! l' wiJhQut dii, 51 ih.l.'rbi:n,g th,e :r.t11e: i 'Fhi:!l, m ii!ith:u·d r. eq;u t r'e: s t'b"e e h g,~t!B:r t 0, ,d.~'ve l-op 'h is

a bi 1 ity to, h.a,lQ! th,e ':rUl e m·ot::L,Qn 1 e 50:8 ..

:2 - The oth~f' ml2lt:h.a.d. 'is: to aJ.lo-w the: rifle tgo mo'v~ abo'tJt en th~, ta rgBt~ and f.ire file shot as th,~ r·i.fl~ e l"'.o:!l :I i2I s the .l ,0 ~ ring,. Th:i 1;1. m,eth,o{9 0'£ I ~ Bh~oOti:n.S on the, [Ilo've! 'I ha i!il .a -d e ftn [t,e d ts a.d.va:rt'~a ge- in that 'til,e :snooter ci;I..n;!I:!.Qt' a.lwayiS! p'red~,crt: the p1i"@,ci:!l ~ path am the riflE! i So mOl\i"e:H'~e'fit. H!2: win the l'efo:re ne ve r .c;om.pliet:ely' ,eltmln.:ati: wild shoil;,l!I.

1, General. The ibit'eathiing pr'Dce'SS 'PrQ·!.di,des the body '~lUh o~yge'n. and (',!'lim.:inate:3 \l,'ast'B elen':i,e'nts h"Qm the. blood,. CO'T"r,Bct br.ea.t:'tJii.ng is e s seri't.ia,l to. prOp"~r body f"-:lrH::t~g,;n.

Z • A C OITL'P Iete r e 51:tpi l'iit. to:lf'V <::y;t;;ltl'il. ],a;!j :t,!; 4 ~ ,5 a 'e e o;nd e • Inhe.lart:l en a.nod exha l!..at i CI'n. li' ceq u:t r'e en 1 Y a b OriJ.~ ~ i5.ecQ~de. Thus betw~'~ ,eacEi n"e'i!I-piratory <::ye'le '~he':re i.e iii, p!!!J,u.~e ~.f "~-3 aeco:t1ids.. Tthh pa,usii!: can be extende.d to. 6- 8 s ecends w.ithaili,l"t ;any specta l la.bel' or 'W"lple:fJ..l!lant a en.:5!aHD':n,~. ][t is during il-n €Ix-ten.ded pa us e b~t'We ll!ilil b r e,a,thrs tna t, t1:!!e ;r.iili£::ffi!i!J.'fi s bQ'tilid :l1i F i3 th e !;I·hot ,. (Ft,gur e 14-) Th~ l'"~& S on b eli:n. g t hd d:ui'"ll1.g t:b.!l!!i r e i5:P.'i rat !lJi~ 1f pi3:.'uJ!iI' e th.e 'ib :r·ea·t,hing fi'iiJ,[L I!H;::!,e s· a;r. e. 1!," eiaxed and th ~ ~,hoo~.(i:r- a v,oidia, !;I.t 1'03. t:tl! up on th e dia.ph:t:'.a ,gm.. . AlliS Q 'his e an'C;;'81'i1t r;a ti On i SJ 'J:!! ct b j;:',Qke,n by t'h~nik::L.fi~: of th.E! n,e E! d to b ;r,ea th e ..

a , When abe ~ htning !Sho,ot~:t:' i 11 't.old tna t nQoldi;n g hi i!il b 'if'if: a.!tl'L wnl a ~.8 i!:it in 8 t eadyi.n,g the :rHl,e, h ij]:

ma .. ~r in;~rt:i:t'u;~th'ely l"c1Lati!: thii.s act;iQf;!. to hQ ding his brea.th in ths ·m.a.nrnoi;!!l.' that he would pri.o'I" to submE!'l"g-' il1ig in ware r, :rrnna.Un.g dE!!E!tply and hold:ing the. air' in ,the ll:unga il,!3 NOT i3!. ccr reee proc"d:Ui"B iu. rna-rk!3m.atl:-. s,Mp. •.

b, A !81b:~at(jj'l" .should aSS'I,l:m(! his PQaU!Qfi a'nd b:re~'th.G i'la'~u·ra.ny until 'hh 'b.,old begtns t,o :!j att. e, H,e then ~a.;!k,ei!!i. a. slightlY' deeper bl'eath~, e~haJ.e:s ,a.lia: pa.\U~E! s , ,exper::::Ung' to fire ,th(l' shoe d1J!'rb:II~; tlLe! pa1,J!.E!oe ..

If f:n;B hi'o.ld doe s< :n C1.t. 8,eU],c sufli ci~]]t: l'il' ,to a ll.a.w· the: 5.1 h et t.o. be .n:lt' if: d. ,thtl!! ;5. he ate l.' F. e :S1,J[1'le!'l TlQ :t"r.liiii::t, 1 b i e:t:l.'th.~

.. e-

i:n~ ,a'nd l"epe.gt.s. t:h!ti pr.,QCe,I!I.8. The tech_niq'l,;J!'e i,51 g:riill.pl'.i'ioa.1I.1y Fli~'rf:ra:"ied! belQw"

15

~--

4~ The' r'e "'p,i ra t o,:r.y p.a uae l!I;hotLldl ll!'"V',B r le e 1. u.nna.tu :Ji'a.l. .Ii thli!! pa ~a e. i ,EI ;e.xte:nd.ii!I Q for. tQ. 0, Ion 8 a lH~ rled ~ ibb.e body suff.e r IB !r om Oxyg en de·.n ci eney ·EI,.,rtld. I!I, ll!i:fid.! Cl1,lJt a i Rna.l~, to r-e 8umt! 'b.'r ,e: a thing. The is e

. .

ili,gnarls produ,~G tilisht i:nv'clWl,ta.ry ffiQV1emients ·in. the. d.iaph:ragm ,e,.nd. 'int~1"f.;£il:t:'B wit'h the sh~ot.e'T'i I!i

a.lbiUty to (:.o:rH;::'f;!lnh"ate., Gen,e:r.aUy spea:k:iinStt 6 ... 8 see,o;ndllil is the :maximum safe· pe:r-t.,od for t:he

:r,e !lp;i r~ t(rry p~'U;SI e ·tli) fi:r'e ill shot."

HOLD~NG OF BA£ATIH IN

IIi'Iia f'IioI!' ~ .,.,.,. I"!II ~D- ~l W"" [- .6.

~..".,l", '11 V rriU . ~.' ~

·~OT'\_

INATUR.AL RESPIRAT'ORV MUSE

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1,. ,Q;e,n;e !l:"a.l. The' 5l1.o.o~e':r ~ e'eg not .d'QT.I:,cel.'n, htms eU with ~ . fJ, c 1 enUff e 1lm·o"w1ed]g~ 'of the II;: ye. Ii' e

should 'be C!0.n.C e :rne.d r;mly t!b.'a!b hi.1i eye &. . a, r fI' h(!"m:.Uhy,; thi!l~t; he calf j;!, e e" ~tfla lIrly., a:.ndtha,i!; he U Bee, h ta e'Y~ s prl'"ope-rly whq,e IhQatlng.. A J[a yma~' ·t;i.h~~~d' ne. ~-e'r ~~t~mp.t to ~'r~ ~ e r'i l:ii eJ Q:r ~ ~mi n! :ste r ~ l"G a:tment t.o. . de-fediv$ o'r 'inJ~.red ely~!h A, shoo,:t;,e:r: (o:r iofi,y,one) with e1y,e 'proible'mill should. C!fi'iiI:5!1-"!.1t a V'hio'n !iI'pecia.lht,. Co.1"r.Il::c:t:tve l.en~ee In nQ wa.y. .impair. II:. s,hoMeti!l, a.bUU;Yi'" S'QIn,e 'M the: wo.·rl,I!' B b4;'!,st ma:r'Ksm,_et'1l sh,if!.Gt with

e orr e d,ec vi B. ien; ."

.' ~ .

8... A 'pe;r;!;lQn wUh :n@ eve d .. !ef!2iC'hi nor~.a.ny has ~Ol2;O vlll-i.cm,. r!Twe:nty /itwen:t.yH dQ,e,iiI, :t'H)'t deno'te

I Fe d'e ~t 1'1 v~.si on.. Lt 'i 8 :5 im.p,ly a.:r;L ill rbl t<!- ry. i51 it§.nda. rd uf m,aa. S!1l;lli"sm,e.rit ~ ppli'ed to 'viis ual a.,cui ty ,. [t den cte B 1rne' :abUU:y ti:> 1'illa,a. alpha'het;i.rC'a.-! letters S. 7. mnu:m.iI!;!iter.l!i, '!high a.t tWI6:t't1;ty' fe,e.t, Tl'ris conl!iititU.t·i;!iSl l"ead!n,g h:tt!l!;r;s 'contab)i!~d within .s mlntlt~B ,of' .a:figLe.,· 'There ,are :many (j81i!Hi!iS' o'f'ln~}'vhJu~lli!' ~e~:ng ab Le to r~ad, vi'tll;in :3:. min\l/te.,s. -o.f ~ngle,. a.Dt! in Ii! orne. (;:1i1 S {Nil '- wi thin 10 i!I s th·&'fi . .z IDl n u.te EI ' of a l'IIg1 e. W· ~l!3i.k o l:' d.e£ e eH ve e!"Ie',!i ean hi m'O:!it Ita. s e:8 'De: CiO r:r e ete d to :;UHZ,O :!it r lI!lfi~th by pl"e a C :r!p'U,OJ:'!l, 1,m 8 ;j!:'li!! ' •

..

[

b , Ruman E!ye I!I .a.r'~ a.s dlf·:[,el"e.nt fr'Qm Q.nf;!! a:noi:hcril.s" S&,,!, hu~n ha:~drh Th'l~ hill true. even Qf eye, ·tha.t :8 C ~:re 2: 0 /20 vi-I!! iQ'n. S omiH ey,e iii, iii· e e s i gb,t pi ctu:re j!. 'b i!I ilt in. 'b i'i 11 ia.nt Ught.. Of:he:r iii· 'P,e rl Q.·:rm best 'i":tl

Ej.·o.£'t 1 ighlt,. Siilm.;e, eye!1l 'havlI;! i 1"~a t pit r c:!ft:PUiIm Qf de'Pth and PiIi!'r BpeaHv.i!i. Ot:h~t·.1!! do nut" The U st ,of

dlH £!!l'tn8.' c ha::r 81, 'Ci t'iI!! l"\ Ii! U es could be ma.d@ <a;uitc liilng. The imp;I;rrtant a on,1!i ide t'& ti on i,i!! th.a,.·j:; two diU @:l"e'nt peoplle' ~:re' likely to.h.av·1!'- d:lf:f.er,en:t ,eye c.ha~'a.ctE!i:risticii!!J 1I!:li'!l!in if ,th~y' have Zo./2;O viB'lon.. A p.a.:!t'Ueula.;r. :8 e't. of .s Ig:htiSl that 'P r o.vi de!!!i m,a,j\,\.imum .cIa. rity t.Q ene ' !II·,bQo.tel'" i I!i. -ey!!:i!I rna Y' 11 o·t 'P r ovide: the sam.e e la, :ritl' to. a.noth.@r shC}ot.e.1"i s e:yeB~ Ea..c.1h l!ihoot!!i'l' must !iI,ele~t ·t'be c.omp~lI!!nt:!l o.r h.i8 i!j,i;gh.t i!j,Y8tl!lm ·to fit. th~ c.'b,·a.racter.·i.stic:·s o.f his own ey,e!l!.. 'rhh T'iI.~iI!lly iiiv'olVCli! the pU,'1"eha.IiH~· of .Bpecial eq.u.i'pment ..

1. .P':ro'pe:r USI!I of l;hil!l. EX\M.- wnil!l1l ~:boQHng!i' .. BI:n. ind~'Vldua.l .8hould r>em.,$rriber the ca.:tdli!:!!:~l priiCid:ple:. :in 1ll\;t p c'oPer 'I!J! like ·of 'hi;, ey'l!I 5 ~

;a.. Looka.s l!!I.tr--:s.tghib f 0 i"w~ l"d a,.$ po,l!I. ",t'ib'l,!!!· l!OUt .0{ ~h.'!l!il ..eye L'!I! iOeket.~ U' 'lihe he.a.d! Pi!;) i9.!i'til on cat!! !;I. e i!iI tbe IiIohoQt e r ·!to look a.c l' o.:!! .. ! 'lh;e: b rid.g·.e of hi.I'Ji··1} Q,~ ~ . .0 r. out f:t:: o.m Ulil.'diS·!t':' bdl,l· .eye. 'b :r~w ~ the: eye 'mu:fiI cle a· will 'b e i!I,t: l'a.ineG.. Th1. ~ !9!t ra. in w1!.n ·~rod.t:i.c: II!: JmVi[{Ilu1'Iita roy e'ye IDQ.V",ementi;j! which r e·du,c:,1t th,~ r alia. "bUllty of 'Vi.l!Ilon", Thi,~ wUl not wI y ,~.f:f eet poe doe t.~nCIf! I ·11::n~f,; .: ,t·ib.~·~ ina. hinty t.o see we 11 wi 11 ,a.lifil e have· a ,daroagtn:s p ~ycho· .. l,ogh::al eff,ect. upon the ,sh,oot.er (se:e.: Chapte!'r U., CO..ACruNG). The e.y,elll, win function best in thet:r'

.~ tura 1., £'0 :t;'w.a.:rd-: lOQk~~.g 'P o.lUon .•

b. Do 'til of: fix vi-I!! to'~' '13ID the .1iI tg'ht p~c!tu;r e !or rno:r'B t"han 81t·v~ ra 1. s, e C iillld 1:1,. wh en :tl"e eye 6 are :focused o:n ~ ~ingle. bn~~e .£g.r a. tim.st t.hil!:: image iii it'b'll,r:n.ed!l~ In;!til;;i the .a.-rea of p!i!lrception. This ,~f.fli!:d. "U]?CfIII thel ;!;l\o·!l)t,en:' ~ S iByil!: .s· l II q.u.ite· Im.PQrtEil-n:t;.. A ltrU:!t"Ili Ii;!Id in l!!I.ight pictlb'll:t' e· wUl '!iun ii.'c'I,:l.iiby £.n the ·c r i ttc.~ 1 area. .of per¢epti~j. a~d this irna.gil! m.a..y. pOi s!bly 'be mh·takE!1l l.oT' .3.; t.I'U·E!i !!!i,tgnt pie.turii!l~ Eith!!:'l'" efl',ect ,.,.111 :30 e. Ii'! o<U<9iy da.ma,g e pel' f Q rroan'Ce'.

_ ,

I

c~ No~maUy the DSi:!l,t '~I!I!i of' ·th';e"eyes 'l.s de·l'lved wheln titil!!!I snooil::e:'1'" k,eepllll both eye , open whll,e fh:ing ..

It 111, rI!~tru:ra.l :!Ql" the~ ,ey"es to wo·r'k. i&1!I a '1"'!i!ifin.t:·d tea'm. if one ~ye i,~ 'sq'lJl.inted. or clo·i5ii!1d the otb,e··l" '!Sy·1t will ha v~ a. t~ndeniCy to wa.nt to d'D the 8 a:in!'i'.. "W"' i th. ''b Qth il!iy~ II ·open the sbQ;o-t'e I' a l~·o, Hp,de. it !I;! a .8 ieT to c:n.e ck th.~ wind fla.,gs o'n, the range. 'while ibb~ ~'lne'l~ m the' .~~.rntng p08iU~pi

d! ,. ~ oe e e:.!;1 ~,oe'fI! ·the r e win 1b e· a aho 011;·8 F' who 8, e a'lmin!!!l' e've i is not hi 51 dQ'min.a.nt ~IY··e. En eli],.!; ca s e. i.t

ml ght. 'P t: OiViI!i h~lpf"Ul t·o· ;tI,a: e l:i. bUnde.:l". Iii. fa ctJ mO I!i t .. he o.·t'it:t." S ,d~ U B e ilIl- b l:l'3:ld.e r r e. g~ r(!.1 e is is O'i th e i r'

dem ma-.ut eye!.., ']'"h.i i!I tend.:5 todd c; r,·lta ill e vii.s. ua 1 dlt s t'ra ct.t,on~ alldi inc r. a& s@ eonc Gfitt"a.:i:;i on., S1.de li:i. ghting ma:y a.Ise be d1It.rQ.C:ting t.g, th'e I;IhQot'er \1I:I.der I!!lo,fiiel lii-.riht (llM"ldlUons,. If ha.·r.'S!h light becomes a.;nnoying.

.3.; bliIfi.'d~ 1'" :may be uled, h,eroe agai;n" Suc.b a blinder may be lJ..ttached t,o ,the !S,hQo,ti::ng' g1aBSe.~S or hat br.i~n .• ThE! p:tefel"'red bUfidl~r is ene that h· atta.,ebed t.~ the :rifle ill ·tbe vicin:ii:tv of th.e rea.:t:' :1!IL:g'ht. .m. thill,

m·!inn e:r:j; the le£\ eye win t·er.n.a,ii'tli. ,op en. but the: bUnder wUl bll;ll,ek 'Qi~t t'llJe vi.ew do'W.r;L r.a.,~ g iii! ~

8... Many shooteFs c<tmJt@:n.d that 't·h,·e ilhI!).Q'h'l::t; ah.ould f'o.,e'U,!1I hh Eihoo1!:ins' By!!! on thil!!. fi'OD:t sight; t.hat seeing the :['rf;l'nt iid,g'hib Ql' ap·e.:l;"tqri!i 'cLearlly and. dI.iI!!lt~'iJt.ct.ly 'is the mo,at 'hn:po.:r·trant 'Vi~u·a.l .aspect in sig.nti:r!g. This 18 nOt. n.cli:e.sl:!a.rUy 't'f"lle.. Mo,~t 1!J·h.oQ.·te·ra. have t'ne ea.pability· of I!e:etng b,oth the front a::n.d tar.!p;~;·t 'bull with ·~qua1i clarity'., T:h;i:! ;;::apablUty is refe·:t"red t.o ras !llac,cQ1nmod.a,tion .• II "When aim:Ln,g ·the ,1!Ih..o.,O·h!::t'18 lI!:y!!i Is, c,~rtitb:luouslV chan.i:li:IIIg !ocu.i5I il'QID 1lhel f;rQil~ ;i!i:ii.g;ht to th.e· targe.'t .and b!iJl.ck to. il:'b:e t:rQDt ;5Ii.g'bt.. The 'eye fOeulS ~ I!i ba·c:k a.n.d £ orth so !',a.ptdl Y' ·the.t U\" a.pp,ea. r ~ to tbe 8 hoo·tEl r' tha.t b ofh ima.g e is .a ':re 8 'f! en wi th equal e.la.rity •.

b.. . Howli!!:vc::r- r- ,Ii £t.e l" 1l:he e.g Ell 0.£ '\Ie -45 'v.e~ r g the eye ·irIiU!!ii· C l~ i;ji 10" e th!Ci 1" a bU.tty to. tUck. ba. ck and fo. rib at the. ;r.at:rid. 'ra t·e r·i3qqi red to' a. (: c: ommod!a. t,Cl; 1b oth t.·he !·,l'on't· iiigbt i;Il.nrd t~ r M'et PfIi,l,U.. IJ;l ,8 \l!¢h a..:;:a s Ii:! fQ£l:'U!i!I :!I.hould ''be c:oncentrat.ed on the ,h"ont .aperturE! to g,bta:in optirnUlt'i result.s in. stghtifllg. This: wHi r"esl'I;dt i:r;l the tar~'d ''b~ihS: I!omewhat aut o.{ fo,eus,~

C'I Accomm.od·a.tLQ'IIl afld vi,i;j'ua,l (:U&rity ,can. bii!ii lmpl'ov>ed !bV the use 01 a s:m.:aU ';r,eiiU ape.:Tt..'ur-e, A $:t.r.iJ.a 1.1 rea r a,.p iI!!Il't.ure wiU in.1i: r'iI!ia II e depth Qt: fle 1(1.; enh'!!,:D c e iii C ct:irn~da 'In CD. 8i.nd a e.tua.llLy in Ii:: l' iIi::'a. s e 'Wt iii '!la.l a cui ty. ~ F Ql" thi!$l adv.a;~iti!!i.g E! t Q' be i'·!I!!I·&Uz,ed! th~ :r'~a r apc'lt"t:u r,,= m,nst be a.:maUe:r. tha.n t'h.-e pu:]p·11 IOf tJl!i!J eyE: .. The Sl ma.lle U'" the' :J;"EHi:r ~'P e ~'ml"e tbe i I' e.at·iIi!·!'·. the depth of Hit ld' and the. s rE::Iiii:i1;e.;·r 't'he Vi,B·Ua..1 a.cu.ity hie·!;;: orn.i!;!i!J~ ,. T'b e.l' e. i 8 howe:ve:r 'I' a. p,oint of dtmt.nhb:lng ~ e1r~t;n:B :t'e gao rdb:Lg a,'P!li rtu.re !! li:z.e:. Vlheril :rea l' ~pe rm re _.!;I ~.:g;e be c. D·me E! Ie' B I!i than a,'PP'i'"CtJ[imattll y on e mUUmete·r an In..a dleq ua.te.:. amQunt o.f li.gh.t r,l;!Ia chi!.j! th@1 iI!I ye .iI:.fid vidon 'be.·(l.Qme!i! :r;U)ti,c~~bly P"DQ·r·e~'.,

17

a , Pr'Cip. e:t:' !![I,t g'ht a l:ipQ:1Le:rd !tan be d'ei:i'ned a:e. the p roe iI!I iii g of p'e 1t'f e ct ly Q e:n:te :dfig the' l:ro:nt ;f; i gh,t 'in the :r'~a.:1" ,a,p.,e ~tur e,

lb, Slg'ht pi.ct14::re cQlltain.s: the ~ame ,t'\l7'O elemefi'ti! of ~ight aUgnment (fFont an,em 'rear s·ightEl) v;;,itih ,the additio~ of 'U1i6 bull! 0'1'" tal"g(!;t image. A p.elrieeil; !Sight p:ii.C.tlll:i:"C '!l!IxiS!h: when. the slg':ht;;l! arc properly aH.g:t'iI'~d and th 8 :01,,11.11 B eye, c ~pte'l'ed in Ule f:r'oDt ~ p e :f'tut'a '01:" p':r~,!t i"liy P Q,B i.iIi O'ned ,o:n ti1,B P Qst, ..

6. The! F.lrQll,t S:igh:h The uni'v.ersally .a.e,eept~!rl!. fl"Qllit ;l!l.ig:!ht (;QnB'is:t:!i ~ a tubla.l!' mount" co:tlltaining tJ:. ';r,emova. b Le in fI, e rt (F i sur e 15),. 'I'nE,!' mQ,8 t ireq;'I;!I,enti.y u.s e dl f;n" e r:t 8 a:roe: "the.· po B t ,a.nd, t;h,e i;I!.'p e rttllI"e '.

i31., T'ha A'fr:rtul'E.'!: Tha ,a;pe:rtul"t!l' ii:! the 'm~'f"~ pO'p'lI;!;ia,':r m5'Brt~ ']['h~ rno~t c,ornrn·on erl!'QI' {,oS ,thi2 use of a.n iiIope:r.ture th,d 'is. toQ. ,l;Ima'1l. LiIl9iI;i,eraHy l!ipeakl:ng, the diametil!:!i" of the a.pe:ril;'I,lre S,h014l!d ;appear eo bG abO'Ut 1 ,",' I 1/2 Unl€iS th.e! di.amoe:l:.cr D'! the b.,r.get 'ibla..~k:,!, Mo.we'V'er',~ t:hb iiS o'fily a guide" Th;:;: op,ti,m'll:r.t.L :iI,i,z,e a.F'e :rhtl" e! 'i s th.s ,on.e t'ha t to B"I{ea.la. 8,. ;~tidel Un e of: w'[th'lI;! a:rom'ld th.e 'bun Is,.; E,! ye iit-fil,d aJ.l O,W:8 t'ne ta :rge~ t Q sta:fj,~ Qt'll,t 'in cle.u' definition. a.~i!,ln~'t this whUe backgr'oun..a.,. The, opt:l.rnuT.Tl. siZi:l:' v.ill chang,e 'Unde.r d!H.fere.n:~' cOlu3.i,ti,on!S of 1:iigh~4 An aper:tll,l!re seIII!!:c:ted 'lJ.'II:nd€:l'" OP!'e Ugh't condtH.Qfi mtibt 'Und"s!' a. !!:H.U(l'i'"elnt Hffnt, fQrm a. blu1" .a,.rcFI.md '~h~· ta:r:~>et QJ;" ma.ke the t;!.:u:'g.e't appea:r- indti51Und 0:[" obl~8'. A di£fe:ter~d ,ape:rtUl"'B d,z;'i;!! will help to CQr:rect these ,a"be:r.:r-a't;iQo:f.!.s i ,J!'ac.h !i.lhO,Mi2I!" mU,lijil:; lSele:ct t'ne ,!ii"p'ertll;J.;r,e siZ,!2j !tha.t melE!ts th,e req:uire'rn~t!i,l Qf his ov;.'D, eye:s under the: prevaiit:ng Ught cO\rJdif:i.'D:n.~~

b , The FQ,~l't: Toe pO!ilt ,slliQuId. appE!'a.l" to 1J.~ thel same width as the black p'ol't'lo1'tl ,of th.e ta:rgeot.

T'h~ po 8 t ,shoUld! a p.p:t" oa e h th€' ~.a. :rg,et h'Qm 6 0 I e ll.o'C'k i If th:B rUle 1 is ca nted!; th e in s i3 rt 8,h.auld b Ii!: a 1 teo l;' e~ toO cDr.Tlif.i!elii:3 ats f 01' the' a.ti!,g(le -of C8!nt so that the po 8,t Bt;i,l!.l 8!ln:n:'!l]a.chi9a the bulill' S,,~e y;E;!' h ~m 6 a,1 e l ack: ..

T:h~''r t'iJ-T,e; ,two methodi, oi' Ua.illlg' thf!l 'p.ast::t. (],), thiJl i& 0,1 clo~k 'tanS>ent hold, in which the bull' s ~ eye :app,gtl-1'8 ito :re8t, eHl the il;ol)'P ,of fhe PO,!l!t; arid (2.) the ~ o",clock line - of .. white hold,~, in ~ihi:ch a, nat"row line of white h: vl sjb le 1beit;wiI:lc3n th.e top, of t:he p,o~t and th,a bo,ttom o,:Ii ,t.he bU'U' is 5,f;ye.. Both methods a r e 'In KEiner,al us e,

and the e hoie ,e of rrie thod i;Il ihQl!J:ld b 121 b a,s ed !On incH vidual pr ef e]" ~n:c II;!.. Tl'H;:~ ta;ng e t ,and lin!!);; 0:£ wh:ii.te me'thud.;!!

'both J;' e'q:'Ili.l'·e E!xt;r't€'meJ. y ke en eye IS fg'M:~ M o,st Iii': ~{:Jd! 8 h.o,ote 1;' ,s 'Who U:!;I e a. po s t 'h~ ve b e'tt e:r tli.;Jln 2. 0 /2 (I 'Vi is i M (:na. tul"a. lor ccr r e c't@d J and ~ s no ut B l.' e.hO'lllld e {'in sid,!!;!:r hi is vi Ii ual a cu Uy in, making. a c'h;j)1.<:,,!!!: b~twi2i i!!in

g. poe' rt.uJr'iE!l and p.'o B t. 1. S,

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.:;: • Th.e Dl lie: The· d:i.!3";:: i~n!l Ei i!it h3:1 b if: e om e p CJtp'!J.l.la T' with. Ei mT1I.B sheeee r s • The: in is e:ril:: e Q'lL::'l~. e it!;l Qf a. oL.ear or trans1!.use6nt iPlastie di,!;I-C "with a. 'c~n:ter a.pel'hu:e", 'fhe~e dis.c.8 c orne in ¥!iI..ri-Ou.8 col.or s , The .:1:1:8 e sho''I.1ild 'C on! 0 I'm to. '!;he i!Ul me S'e''!;'!! e ra 1 sta :i:tda.. rds a ppUedl t;i) th.e :tn.eta Us, c a.p IE! '['t1,l:r e • Th.€! op·{! n tn ~ in th ~ diac shuu'ld be r ound, e l.aa dy dsfi:n'f':d ~no. ea ~n'1' ·vil;lible.. It shuuld r-evt;,8;.1 a m,iil.:-.:;f.m;um Go:ntr:;l:.i;I·t of the

'~a :rg;e.t bli,ac'k. :Lga,i'nst the b.aekgrO'ul'!i(L. lf a :!5'i1i.'uot:l:!i!' p.:r-·efe·;r s a. dh e a..pe:r.'¢:!J.re a.nd. a. chi iltIVG s g:o'ood. :t"iIlli!UU.S \vith one , t'W:H::;re hi no 'reason 'Why he should no-t U;!ile it.

d. Corn'bin.a,:t;i.o:n8 Of .In,se:r'l;s ~ There is. no indic.a;t.ion 'th,a:t; ;;;:o~nbin,a..tion8 of the a.bOVB sight tnseres c:on.'i::t:'i'iJ::.ut,e t'o a bett.er· mrac·ihan.i'cal :3,i~ht. 6Y!5lh:n':!... The sho·ater rn~y use a co'mbinl;l,.tio:rJ, bec,a.U!.:;lE! ot

p.:re,f E! :t'l!:ln'co; but hy Q_ll ~l1!d.i COil ti-OTI S -" he i.i!i only a ddin IS to the i;UTI nunt of ,aq u.ipm.el1.t he rli'\'il st ca ~ e t o;r and g,p:ipl;l n.oth.ing i'n terms of llnechanica! adv~:i;;ntae'G~

a , MechanicaUy, the Jt.'e,a;r !;Iigh.t an.Quld be j;iJ.ji.l;ged. Ught" and firJrnly a,ttach.~d~ I.t shQuld! be: ·ca·pable 0:[ finely ~ ",a.d'U!:eteq. ,adju~tfi'i.Gn:t,8 (l/f OJ:" 1/8 n:..inutea of an.~lG).. 'I'he a.djustment :r.ne·chanis:rn. e.hQo1.lid be fre!2i {,if alack ~:t1Id, i!>hOiU li:1""'rnovB p<r G Gig;t2;l Y Uli!1': sam e di!} ta;p ce ·,.,tUb. IE! ach - e Hd~ of a dj '!lEI it.TP.~nlt: .•

Th~ si.ghtl5l iSihQ'~ld be: prD,t'l!!ic:'i:!Eld at aU tbn,eSi;; bUll; II;! erp i;!! dally whc;f.J1b,eing tr.~ngp·l,);rt'ed.. '-

h. The ;re,ar aperturE! s'ize sn;i)uld be !;.I·elect.ed to C:!t'B~t'B a elea.rIv defined, sight picture an.d allow Goa a y' s i g'h't. ~ Ugnmer:l.'t ..

e, M08·t !3bQi:l·hr.:s f.~t!il tl1a.t a. t.ight I"ea.r a.pe rture (on0. tha.t a.Il.ows only a. ;!:l!ar:["QW line Q·f whit,!l'!: ,to. be vii!ible around. il::he x:r,o:nt ~ig'ht hood.) :prQ"Vid~a for the gi;li.6ie~t Bi~ht alignment SUght devi.a.tiona in a.H.gn~. ml;!l'nt a reo €'i.sily notic:ea.'ble~· ra..n,d i!;rig'ht ali,gnrnGn:t becomes p~a.,cH'C8Llly a:rutorna.tic., This '!L~ne· of whU:e

a. r. Guna. the f F oni si Sh'l: h Ci,o..d ~.a':f.lj a1 e·o ~ e va d e d bV inc r ea iI!l in!: ;i):t" d,e 0 1:' e a. E;I i,n. g thll;!l '6'jl"B i' iill is! .

d. SQ.m~ :shooters prefer a la.rge :rear aFl,ertu.:fe {one' tha,t alla·ws. a wid.e Hue ot: 'whit,e to hIS ·v.it!iblLe ,ru·ot~n.d the ;{;;rQnil:: !Signt l:v;)od). The la:['~rG ,a.p,~:t:'t'llre. can 'Pra.d·lilce goad r-cHi·'IlU.S. H!owe'!l,'e:r. b~cauB.e 0:[ ·tb.@ la.,T:B"G· .a.]:,,~1l:I:. ",':ii.sihle ,a,.'l"Q'!ll:lld the £;ro·nt sight~. mi8aHsn:ment of th·e i;I:i.gh.h i.8 leI!! i!i li.uti.~,r;::abl.e.. I'h;e .5Iho,a.t~r. m'!!,art; Mt'E! r. ef o're. con Sl ciQ,usl!.y wa. teh f o;r e 1" 'l;"{:!':r' s ill'll ali gnm ent, '['he tt ght a.p,e ~tu:[!:"e ta k~·:!i. g f' 12,'l'~ 1t!:tO ad va.:nta.g e Qf the. me chani e a.l eY!iI tem . in PI' oviidlil.n If £"0 r ee 611' ,i;lli gr.i ['fl1!;!1'!, t~

~., I 'he mO,8 t irr...p·Q:t t..~·fit eon side :!I:",a.iI::l on in choe 8.in,g a t' ea r .ape :rt'lll" e i 5. vi e·u...a, 1 ciao ri ty. By a dju.I!!'Un g t~,!f!; s.ltze ·of t'h e ;r. e,El.l" a.p e l!'t'l,l!:r 1E.Ii th~ ,13h-o ot'e. r' can e ;[llflltr61 the, .a.rn:o.\lllt ·of· H glit tint i!l r-1ng the· e.ye.:. He ca. Jl . thu:!; ,ai'fe·cf. c:oot r-a s t in th~ s i I!!;hf pi ctur e.. 01" C oi:TI.t 1"3. st b et:w'i!! en the t~ r i!i!re't b];;a c'k and whit!2 iba c:kg:r O'l'U'Hl", 51:: ll:' ong cQnb:';a,d and S'h.a,rp.~ clearly :d.Glfifi.ecl! e·cJg·es :cj.:r'e d.e!;loirap1ie.. Whil.~ thi,s lIS tn part. controlled by front sight

a.pertu::re d'g,e (brut l'!Io~ by p~.at ai~e), th~, gi.:z:.e of the' re·a:;r a;pert'li,iLre' i~ rnor e -erilti.li:ia.l 'l'n c(ID,holU.~~ -

dafiI'!li ti.arL •

;S. Eye. ReHef.. Eye '1" eHlef. ! 5 the d'! fl.t.anc e betwe ~:n the ej'Ei and. tnt! :r ear' :III ight ~ Fig1J.:r·~ 1 6.). Thill!: I' e

f:e !t'l!O ~l!ia S.UI'·~d! d!i I!i,tanc ii!I th..a t iiS eO'!"'!" e e·t: II!: y·fli I"eli ef f'ei'r ,aU !51 ho·~t-(!I r. 151.. Iii ma,n'Y e a I!!! e I!I, it '18 C O'iI:!!tr. QU ~,d by

t'hf: c o'nst l'uet1 on of the. eqj1.;d,pment.. Eye: '!l'"~U~f ean be. Bt be ,eva liua.te!d! h'y Hie I!i Ell two. 8tan.d~ 'f'd,a;", .

a. 'Ihe' P Qi!;! i tio::n ·of the ,S ~g1h:l: :sh QuId r ~ suIt. tn; tb.e !;ili:O MiI;!:t· a ,I!ll!l:um.in g a. n.atura 1 up:ri ght ·p·os i thJli.,. Th.iIl!: .I!l ~g'ht. iiihould! he a dju ~ted t Q the! head 'P'O ~iU,01i:iJ j. an,d fi(!lt th.e he.a.dl ptO e,tUQVJ. to the s i.ght~ The. impo:rta..nc'e

O,{ he~d ~o !J.iti on i SJ di B ~1iS!! cd m ChapteT IV, IN']' ERlFtE:LA.'T .ED ASFECT S O:F POSIT ION SHOOT IN'O.

- ~ ~

b.. Ey!a 1" !2il tel 18h'm.dd! fIE! e.l c.Q·mi Ql"t~b le to th.~ sh;fJote 1" ~ The :rea:r !;I-\.ght 1!j.'h.Ql,iI,d fi.;;)t ib e B Q C 10'6 e· thiQ, t

.,

th.e !i!,hO,Ql e r WO'r, d·e s. a"l:~ out r e'e.on~ an.d ! t. ,Ii!h..olu.ld 'not b i;! I!i Ii:) fa 1" f'r IMn th,e eye that he rnlJ.] I!!! t. II!!tr,a.i.fi ,t.o.

l"iIl!::ce:he a. c l!.ea;r is 19ht pol ctu.:t·e.. SarnrE!l sb.o·6t.t: r i!i pl"efer clQ![!· e -eye :t'el!i e:f'~ D·tha 1",8 di::rtant.. r eU,e£. .A VI!!! r.a. g~ eye I"cliiilif il! a.b,ou.t Z -.6 tllic'h·es.. Ea,'eh ahoo:l:cr mu!t adj'ust ey,e ':relief to :H't hls Mm ey,e ,ehal".a.ctelr'hitica ..

19

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Ey····E

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.F:tgur e· i 6" Eyi! r eli ef •.

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IlF.I l'RIGG£li. COINP;rROL. The progres sing 8no.cte:r wll1 ,s.:t. f'ir't.: glve a g'rea;t liB.e\a;l of att,entlon te~ t.:riig,g8'r cont;r.il;)!l.. Expe·1"i;el1.cedi 51ho''iltl!ilt'':! -will ali9!o ha"ll~' d.i~nclJ,lty lr·ti};m tim.'E)! to t:lme.. By :ma.king ,a..'

l' ~pea:te d ;e fi 0,". to 'dev·e lop, ~ e Q.I' :t' ~ ct it;-dgg e r pull ,. tlli.~ "Ff\;lI.U i,ts!elif ,\\!'ill 'r'eq,uLre le.s i!I, i!Ij,'nd le ~ s e. Ollil"cio\1.8 ei'f Q rt .and will evenrua 11'y a is s urn!;! r ef1.ex: eha ra,ct ~ I' i sH,e s ..

a... R~fl.!3X Ac.Hon~ Th~ .a.wa .: re"I1!e~i9 of bod!Y' ,contrQ'l wUl inlc'1.u.de an a:ware:nel!l.8 of i!;·:r.ig.gel" c:O'tIft:!t"oi!. ..

H:o,wt!'VG 1" ~ th e !iI he oite:t' can dev'e lop, lit IS t:r:il rs e 1" c.'01J:iI; r 01 t!I'J the p,Qbrt that Ci. i!:'U '!fa, Uti g the t.!' I gge:r- ::t'~q ui;;t' e Ii nQ e ensefeus effo-r!l:;~ He will be a.w~·r,e of' the mo.v,eme.nt,~ but he, will n~t ·bt!l· cOfi~e:loui!ii11y dil"Gctl~i' it .• E'll\e:rYd11.e' e~hi.bU:s this 'type o~' :reUe.l'rl:. ,a"ctiyi·ty in ,daUy livi:~n;!r~ The hidividual who walks tJ-:!i," dl"!i,ve.lI, ,a_ caT' v"-h i e G.a. :~:'"l'·",r1i.n,g on !;Il. C onv €::r 8 a, ti'~ ]j,:11I an e:xamp,lie ~ He i.s ,a.wa:re of hi.1iI mull C:lJ.~a.1" a_·c;U ~,ty, b\l,t Q(f~" ·'p:lla:nnin.~ II' it. He is thinking a'ibolut. ,t"h-~ conve·:r5iaU,Q·n ..

b.. A clO:ger analogy t·o. BhoQting ''is. f,o.undi in 'liY'P,ing,. When .nX'ilirt :Jlea.~nP1g t.e. t'Y})l;!) ishe read!~. the alpM b eU-c: le·tt G r sne' wb'ib e is t e typ e... rp.e~n·t.a, :Illy i!5 iElleiCt!lil the CQ:t" r,t: i!jjp~di'ng, key, a.nd. e Ofi;!H~iou,s:ly di'r e ret '" h.er. finger t.e. ~t·:t·ike the k~V'; BiUt aJtel" b"rtli.'fili tra.i~'ed;i! ~he. ,~a;n. 'simply 're:a.d th~ l.et:t.;~r she wi,l!Ih;~. t(l, ty:p;~' and h~r finge;r will !l!l't:t:'l,ki9 the c!l;:rr:r,espondi;nl!!: k€fl' Ci.Uitoma.ticallY,. She DO lon,gef' ha~ ta ~onS·d'OU.fdy dh4U:t:'

~ - -.'

h J'2: F ftn~'e1' ~ It i is a.s if: a. n~ rVE! d i:' ':;::Ul,1i, ha. d! b-Gs.n. £0 r.me.·d he"t'w!i!I i!ln hel" ey.e: a.nd he::r he-fidt :and! th;j!j: fii&;?V'B ,

:lmpube tra,n~l.ed, -d:ir.c;t:.Uy {rom her' eye to. hE!l.i" .fing!6'r. The a~ttvUy :r·e..!9!'ul'ttng frem this b'lililLt in clJrc.ult tIS !\tno\"i;'l:1I' i3! EI ,a, e.;D.iii:H:"l:i t1.OTIioBQ r e:ftes.. It. i:!li !;;: cm,dlLtl·onedi b ~ c& U,S ,e it 'I a! but U in 01" hll.g ramed.; it i.1!i .a. r,eflex b~Ga.u.s.e it hi 'l'1i'ot ~un$dQusl" dll'c{;tGd. •.

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L

c, The !Sa me: t;rpe ~f It''eflex 'C',T,t;:l,l!,i t ,~a..n 'b II!: develo.p ed by .a a ill (HJt B r.. 'i,i\fhi3fi he ini Ua.U l' 'b e gi 1'1.:iI sbio.,oting, 'he m:us.t ,coJ:!lsdou,dy 'diT'ect hh fingf;!lr b~ pult d'l!€:: '~,'r'lgg,e;r w'he,f.I. th1;!: rifle ;settle:!!, lin ehe H)~ :t:'ii.ng. As g ;result ,0£ 't,I"aln'lng' howev.er~, a 8~ ~aned ei TC1;JJ,it wiU be' c!i da:bli.:ih,ed between the eye ami the trig,~8n' nng e I' '" The: e y~'!!, is ~ ei:ng a, 51 i gbt 'pi cru::re: ee:t'll:t'e red Q:!,!! the I '0 - r-1:fiiij ~ 'will the n c ~ 1;JJ;;i. e the fi:nge'r to a.c ti v,at e th.e b i.gi~:t" 'Wl. tl'li'i:mt q.. ~'D.ITI:5 c iou iii m,e~t.a 1 eft iQ;rt 0l1. the pa rt of ,the s'h oot e 1"., Th e 8 hoote r, Uikri:l th.~ typ. i st , Iii aw.a·:re of thG aiCtivtt:y of ·the fin:gs'I", bu.t {g not p~a:lI.n,'i;;ng or eOn!! ciotl.s1y direeU:n:g it.

..

,dio' Intel"'l"uptii,n.,& th~ Re.fl.ex AcU.Gr.J.~ "rhe analogy with t'he typh,t was chuSlll:tI. beeause of the parallel o"f'coot'din!i1l.,Uon bliirtween eye and ftn.geJ:'~ B;iI,l,t the iHi,m,~ type of eonditkjn.ed '['e~flex biOi by:rio means ~te9,ttHed 'to 'b e c o,mpliii!rtli!ld ;aft e:r it i i!;!l ·[:tiitli .. &:ted, A. f:o.m'li.U..a:r e)i;i8.mp-l~ i 8 t1h,~ b:a is ;e~;;Il.U pIa y'e;r l;I,wl:P,giug. .a:t, a pH ch, He iiH:,eii the ba.'ll coming,. "a,:ccep1:,;!;1 the, pitch a.s be:in,g w!tht.:n hb, batting zon.iII: (this Si-ccel?1:a:r1,i;e dioes. not n'ecessa,:rtly hrvolve thinking 'vnth worde), ,a.n,d star't,s: his §wi;ng.. H th"e baf:tGli' is 'll.r,eU tr.atI:Ied. the is ....... 'ing ii!I Ulil1 the. g ·;t"QQ.v e. 1'1' It is, aut Q:m.a t.'i c '1"l'i! th e a,arne :!; ~'bi 1iI~' tllia t the. t)'llli I;r~ I a :ifin.8: e t" rnovem ent Bar e .a. ut o;rn.a tii c. ,He: aeeS, the pa.th oi the baH ~~Q. a.utom.a,tieally adjuE!"t~ '!hi!i ii~ifig to, m'ee,t; the ball. B\l1; if'tntli baH·El:lt'

~ !iuddenly ,!lece:9, tb.a.t t·he 'pi .. h::h i~ 8. 'ba,d Oli"3, h.iE: 'C,a,:fii stop the awbi.g bef.aI".e 'it ;;;: rcs e ed the p1a:te~ He ca:n I"'b'l"i!i::a.k t'he. c,i.~,c ut;t'II', ,!lI e to s.p e~k, t1iat ha,1;I b.e·I;!II!!. e :s.ta.bU shed 'b:etwe-,en tbr~ eye and :tit i.8 b!D.ldly' m'!l~' e i e g, ~

e ~ A !!!_,h'Oote,:r' can di.'o il:he: elame' thin If ~ H~!1 e ~ept,1 a. :5! ight ptct'U rf;li a.:nd. tih e t l"'igg e;r pull 51 ta:.l't 8 a.'il}tGma,'tlc.~U,y" j"IJ,!!!_·t ,a.s tbf;!l hatit:~f" 8 liI,win,g S'ita.rt'ed wh~n. hiE! a eeepted t;'he pH;,eh.. ::Enl,lt if the' shooter , suddenly reall'i:r;es that hh, rifle is b~ginlldrng to move Q1iJ.t of the l'O-ring, he can "bT,eak. th'i3I ·di"cuit'~ il.':nd ii!'iI::{)'P the t:ri S ge r. puTt, He m'U 1St tben 'b Ii! iStn thill: e.nU r e 51 h o.oH~ ~ cycle OVB l' a ga hil.r

I!i". l'h e ftng e:r b, P],a,·[: i!l1!:l (: 10.,s e ,tQ the t ~i. g'il't~(:r j' a,n,d rna y ~ -ct'!JJa.l1"y t ouch it.. Whil!:Ii the s i ght pi ctu.;r e

,~appea:i"5 .coi:fr'$'c't_ the shot i'i9i relea,s'ed by a sIngle !Swiit inc,tease in' f':~'fi'g~l' pres suz-e on the ,trigger",

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b , Wl'1i,erl the be Ud '!be i1!il:fii!! ~ Q; s et,tl e j' t.he fllt!! Ii!: e r appUel,i!I :p :r.e. 8 is'U:r-e ~IQ the '~, l"i ~'!l e r.. A. i!I hrng iii, iii, th,e 8 tgh t lPic't14:tEl looks ,g:oo~ o':t:' co.nti:n;u'Ia!!i1 to tmp:r'ove. the.: pl"el!l'i!1Iu:t'e i8 inc rea s e d, [f the 'pktu-r,e d!,Bt'!2:rio:t'a,'te.s. 'P:r.e~iS'IJ;:re is n:'!l.a:in.ta.ined at, a C~ii!t'!al:nti le:vel or. r,·sm.o,v;f::d c'ompletely. Pre;!! suir"G is :relSfLuned! when fhe· 'piOt.U1"fli sta.rts ro imp,;rQv:e. 'I'hil!! It'i'l: a.lle v.a.d~UQne· of ela.,eh of the.s,e method5!. A 'ibegirmirtg shooter !;I·h~}u.ld ·expe:rbnlilin! with 'mOore than QlI!'e h!I'C11.rJ.:iq'llls ,to tirrid the m,ethod which be.s't suitS hh COCff'dina.tion. He

, " 1II,n,olllld then, e:t~ y with that m.etbQQ unUl he ha ,a, -ma ,!I ,t I!!: li'!2:d ,it e omp lete 1 y. Sprn.1:!i a(h .... a iit c. ed ~hQQo:l::e':r s d,ev e 1 up a. s light~ Y' dlJ:fe: l' ent. te c.h.l"l,iq:lI.;IJ4;!l f 01" l!il. Ii:ln po dt.t on,

a • :m EIIhoQting wi.t.h a ltght trig Elre r - - ... , one t'ha.t. wlei,gh~ 1Ul.d:,e·]' ·S QUne ~ I!I - - -'thi!!: U'p {',I~ t'h~ f'ing:e':t"':I. i!;< 1I18u.aUy p:lac:ed (lg~bH!.t t-he tl'ig'ge'F, CF'i,gul"1I!: 1 7). This -la the i;I!.~e.a of gre,a~t ~eti:!lit.ivity 01".1 tha.t fing,e:r: ii!!.nd

thi8 i!H1f1fi2l:itivi.ty is :req.'uh:'{;ld iQ'f' Q·pt:i;;nt'l;l!.rn 'C'crntrol of Hgib't tri~Jge :rfl. '

ib F S,o;m.e 8 boate i"!. 'ha. vii!: der\i~elop. ed gQQd <c Or;!,t.1' 01. wben l,lsing ,mfJ eli 'tim wj(ldl.ght t 1"i g g'e l' t~i3!t we 1 gn,!;l between. is ottlnces, a.nd :2. p'o'Und~ by placIng the :finge~ on ,t'lle t::r~,ggel' !it.t the iit"i!iIt joii;nt a,s iihtr.,;",'TI ,{Fiq~:u.rG ! 7 A' ~' -'l'he::r>e ha. i!i. a.t i!!I, 0. ;b e ~(f1 ,9. em..e s. U,C ce iii, ~ in :ma.~~'Pu.la. tin g m edl'i.im t'l"ig g'!! :r','ll, by u,!;Iln ~ t1l,e n:ri!,~'e 'il" Hp m@ft.hod ill iiI'Ila n y ~,,~ 1;1, e I'veld. f G.? ,a, U,hte:t' 'tli'ii gg'e, r ~ i'i I!rflJi:t'e .i 78 l ..

c... ",V'r.u:J"J. us ing ~, t d ~ gel? t.ba\t P1Jl·U:s g:l"~a. t'e::t" t.ha-.n, '2; p.olllnd lSi ~ tlle ~i1L ~l'e t, :!!hou.ld he pl!1lc e,d on the tr'ig,i'lin' as in rrl.gure 17B). TldS! method; pet"m.U:l! g'l"eatel" ~o..nt'r'Ql of I'elat'i.vel}'~ h~avy t'l"iggers~

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4.. Types, of Trigger:!;, Th.e!l"e ,a,:re. 8!1!vera.l typei· 0[: 'tl'llle'rs. u.!ile~ in fiii!.t.ional a~d: in·te·rnaticm.al competi tian ~ Ea.eh of th~ ~ e trl gge :r-.8 M,I!! been u,s ed extensive ly ~nd is uC; it E! a a fully 'in 'C o.mp et..:i '!::ion. The :ehQ'l;lter ,B!b",')uld. ChQQise ·the t.yp~ of h'lgger. w'hleh b~i!I,t I!i.ui.tl!! 'h&.e ccordina.tio,n ~nd pcrS anal p:refet"enelZi.

Ii.. Smgle IIta g~ tri lIef! .. A ~:ln.gll!1: Iilita..jJe tt ~,gge:r i.8 iOn Ii!!i in wh! ell ne fiOti c ea,ible m'oV'em !!Iht: I:!f B ia . ck exlPJite. I!J!nUl tbf!! i'D",·ta:;nt the tr~glIer 'U!!a.:r d:tsen.gagii!:',B.. Tr'igg~:,r welght .or ac;::tiv,p;Uo.n WEfi.gh.t J;'nay ·ra.ng@ f':r..om pound.s toO eunc e iI ..

b, Two liI.ta, e 't:l"i:g,J e r ... A two &ta If! 1: I'i S'S'er he. iii· a. nIOiti'C:'p;!la'b Ie ,a,:mO'uifi!l: 'of ffiQ"lrem;e!n:t ~ 1" Ii; ra v·s 1 b ef.o:r e Tea·eld,n,g· a. d.ff! il:.mCit rea hi t~'tIl,c. e.1!! a.t tht ~ :p l;Iil:n.t i t,t f'!im.cti on~ ,a, e, !i!I. sin S 1,,, l!ita\g if! t d,gg e r... Wh en th e P'~ e ,9 S. U i" e ·'I,:uu::d. ,to a..¢t:ivaie ~b.e .nrlllt ilug.e i,e ;r:elea.lledlJ the t;:rlgger return,1!! t:Q ih· ol'igtnal pos:U:1Q:u; the 1"efo:t'·e~ the .flr!!it :.!ita ge Ina y D.(!; .a,,·cti va ted 'r,e:pe,a.te·d11 y ~tb.gili.d eff'e diil1i the !:;I,e e o..ndi .s m g a 6,!!,'p,ldi Q.11I"

e.. Stt t !li,AiI e 1" - T he Ii et ·t·rigge r may fl:UiL().ti on ;a iSI e1 thiit::r .a :iii ~ ngle Q'J;" twe i!!I tao, e t ~i g g e r. .If it i IS cocked. only by dQ;si!J:il::iig the boltl it.. actli as a two. .1!I;ta.go tr·i·iger; bowf:lMt.f. U' it is, coe:ked by elp·l!Iif:!!g the ·'bo.l<t ·a.~d by' th~ mafi'i;l.&l ,eeibililng devic~, it; fu·neU.QlI:IlI a.1!: a. Veil"y Ught I!!iin,gle etage t:rii.,gg!!:r~ W'ei,gbt

va ria Honiiil m&:;r ~i1,n:g e f':r om a. ppl"'~ima.te! y 6 O.unCfl; I!I bo le.EI iii tM:n 1 .ol,;l.lU;; e ~

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CH'A..PT,ER. IV

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IN'T ERREU T ED ASPECTS OF P05J~,],EON ,SH'OOTINQ

,]"h:~ r ~ ,a i";f!' e. e'l"tain co:tr:L'["r,O:CFn chao r,8o eee 1"'i ~til.e; Si (jf ,the ba ,s:l e f"W'ld,am'ent.;a l,s tha. t a Wlly to aU 'I:lh;t:' e e i"!nte:r'n.~:t;iona 1. P0:5]. t:!lO:rJi s,

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A,. "['HE 5 POTTING T E;.L-E SeQ PIE:" Itt a'!hQ'I"l]!..d, be eG(pl:;lin;eQ to a t!i.('!:W she ote:r- l:,ha.t ]. t i!! impol'ta'[IJt 'Ilo ~l~, e e hi ~ is poU:in g til;! le' !;I"ecrpf!! in ia E'~ vo.;::;i,'le 10 c,a;tio'f.L fFig'!ll" e 1.8 j • Thi s i!i 't;:r'U'Ei of, all fh i!I $hooti.n,g po $itio[rl! ~~,

brut it i '9 mo sf c ri 1:1<::a1 whe n s'hQatin,g th.('!: 'pFt):n;~ ·po, si;ti,olli i!I • The i!I cope, should! be pla. e e d S Q 'that o(nly a !a,light: movern:Ii1::h't: .u:f the, head l.s ne~,E!I:5I:51a'l'Y' to bl'ing tbe ~y~ "to the hms. If t:lw,e shoo:i::;e:1'" must raise iiJi move, hi 8 "bo-dy to 8,t::'12: UIiW>Dugh the 8 ce p~ ~ 'h,e rna y c'hang'g!' t.he ~ !;I:t;a. bU'8hed po, 8:i.t~On. £0 r h:~ a n~J[~ ,Eilio-t.. "fhi s sht£tinS caR~ha:Jjl ge the nat'U.;r al polint 0.£ Ii! ~rn (:i t thli he ad. po I!i,iti(jn~ U nlLe,!!:8 the ch.a.:t'lilg'e Q~ pe is i.t:to:n, l.s

:r,e,dre S :H·cl! i:t can '['fi.Qve the flO~fi,t of 1:mpaet.

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:8,. TH E is LING. The: p'l"Cfp.e l' 'II;!.:!;I e ,of. the ,E;llinS: i ~ .a pr o-bh::tltltli 't:h&t e on sta.:ntl 'Y cQnf:r on'!!: s 'the' 8,ho{;rt: e1' ~ .A s re!cdn'l'mi(md~d in the ~ha'p'te:r Q'rJ, eq1,;l!;ip;n:'.i.'B:rl.'tj ;;I, !;lUng 8b,Q1,;I.ld b~ made of llea:th;f::'l'". The sling is 'jj,:eed ,to ,s'!ll:PPOl"t '~h e weigh.t D'l th~ r i.Ue.. The le:H a r m a.1ol'lle sho'uld lJ:Qt !be, 'Ul,is e d til;i ,!;IUp~ rt 't'[he rine in :any 'po ,9 1. ~ ':ti(a'ii •

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1. The sUn gis, fa, sto®n~ d "to ehe r if.Le at t,ne- Un,g,e ft'" side 0!f. ,the ~pt:o<::k., SQme! 51'hoote::r ~ U,51 e a h r gil;! 'h:;l;.I!Id s'!;op 'whil.e othe: rs :3 e le,<:'t a v~':r'jf !5i'ma.lll one. The de tiE! r mining £I;I:.-c'to'i''' in nan,Q ~to,p I!! if: lee Hu,n. i 8 the e(!;mfo r't Q f the Ie it hand" 'rh.;a!3 lin.g 9hould, p,a I!I S fbUy eve 1" the: ba ck 1,),£ t'h e w1"i, ~ t.. M,o:;lt ,sho oh~ :r 5 iSoQ{),fj, Ie 8o.'l"p! not 'M Wo@:::li. r a w:r is,t W~ t eh uncle l":n,e a th the !;lUng.

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.z.. The, iii ling 'i ,!;I :f.a 9ta nGld to ~he 'U ppe:[" Ie f~ a I'm a. i ene o,f two pia ce s,~ abo "Ie the tri c e'p Ol' 'bellow th e h'i;r;,oE!lp (F.igt1l!'I's 19}., Tne is e 10 C a :i;l,O'Ii'i:3, a.:r,e the he a ~ 'be e a.'IJJ is e . '~he'Y will c Qi!'!;QU,et, :th!.s rni"ili.m.,'Urrt pul:s:~ b~.a 1;:, I'h~' :Sli.ng 'i iSl ti ~h~ ,on th e :r. e e r ,of the, a;r:rn ,j ye it: cl Qte;:;: ncr!!: f O't'ID, a, to'll! t':f,J:ique t a bout ,the ;3J,t'"m 8 s.s t'J:~& 'C will

:r e !;ltd c~ blood new i3!.fi,c, I' e SUil t i:1!1 a. gr ea ~,e:r. '](U,li.s e It;;ea't., The a,ling ~;:fr Qvid,;2i 51 a 8 Pta'til!!; :aJon;g tbi2 ft"41nt 10E ~hG a 1" m ~Q aHo,w fQi'!!:" p:l"i4rp€i 1" C i:r-c'u.1a fion, ,of' t'!h'e bliiJ~ d ~,Figl!l r-e 2; O'~ ..

;)., ][f th,e sUf;i.g is to 0, 1'00 i'! E:!!! it will ~ lid! e .rtOtoy;t:n f!h! IS a. zi'm. and! 10 se i.'t:! S'U ~ :t',~ "lTa liue • Tn!e iSh o,ote ~ e.'h,Ql,J:ldi in ~pu to!!; that thiE 8 Hng doe s n.'o~ is Ii pi ~ii'i! t.hL:3, rna !f'tJne li" ..

4 ". Thel fl n~ 1._ diG c'i stan 8.,8 :to lle'ilgth oi": the :§ lin~ and! plal c,e:m,e'rit 00 n ,th~ a ':r:rn i ,S m.a de, '!by the inclm vidu~l w'he:t1l he de te 'i!:"mi ne e. 'Wh~':fr"B h:~ !!!;El't; E;I thiS b~ st au P'po r t, Ei Ite ad!in,e ,s s ,r 8o,[i:(3 eernfe rt.,

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'C,. "R mUmEMENl'S OF A 'POS1TIQN_, The roe' at"e ce·:ttalln_ sa,tis,fa"c:t~:r'Y r e 8ul'h that, we 'V;'ll,n.t h'Qm, any

:gh QC;!oiHng pO:3 Uton that w,e b,gi, licL Fh !i!:t we dec ide'. wh.a t, ~iS wa'nit ,i;l.'!fidi the n W~ wo'rllt 'On h®:w tOo B"t;n,i,e've th,~ ~,o.all. ...

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1 ~ The m:Q,st .impi©lr'ta.:!i'i:t ~eqi!lit'eme:n.~ of 1)" posiil::£o,:n Ls 1:htat H ':r;ri}UE!'li ':F1t"Q':,d,de ,a J!!l'CH;lId! 'holclJ. 'We win define n91Jl.d a,51 the are,a aJ ·m:cnre'rn!l!'nt d1J!,~:ing t'h~. p;t'['"iodi whi,~h :a ,!Snooter c>ontempia,be's fbin,g the 8holt-~ The :sho Qte ~ 1!:ha:l!: mO af;: h'e'>q14!2i iI1!Uy ho!ld e, in the l'xO~, rin ~ wiD b~ t1h~ on e that m.o sf: h',e~jj.'e'n.fl y lid. t 8, the

'H~ -ring ~ The ~ e nte 1" g;f :g.'l'a vi ty Q~ the l' i n..~ ~'lbody ~t'l'uct\lr'ilJl 'rtL'IU 8 t bill >lI.o;t a ti!!!'c :5,0 tha.t m.i3!.~imilim u·s,e mIll. 'be de:l:'i "ill'€:: d i''r"@m aU a "I,;'a Ua Me S'U 'P~o·r t ,a rea is ..

T'];~,!i; shooter ha 8, '~wo m,~:thod,8 oJ .app'rr'a:iis:llI1i~ ~ii5 h,ollJl~ One of. 'tft,e S"€: ffi-eth@{)!8. is nle: mO'l,i'e:n':ie:i:'J:~ (;o''r' la dk oi. n1.QiVern ent ~ he ,9 e II:! s in .!hi i;i, 8 ignt pi.c t\l:t'G., The O'thiE T" it Ei th,e 'm.'o v{:'m.e'[J,t; (ot" 1a -ck @1 moy,em eff.i.'C) he £,e e 1 ~ in hi '51 :rp,U.'51 c lEi ,sY!;I it;ill!'!rn. e '. A. a if:l],0 a (i liy r is l:a.~G d! i;Il.~, UiiE y a. r e ~ the:g e: two 0 m 6thod.s be com e ,c::1e;a. r 1"

s e pa: r;:!i. ted! i.n ,the 'mind of a h a i:ne ~ !lh 0 ote '!t'".

Fl.gUl'e 19. Slin!§ p,h,C811r:nent. 2:4,

2,. Tht"; aif:cofrld con stderattcn is the ,Ii!.J':I'''I('J"!,J.,nt Df :=:hooier r;:Ol'Yi.:fL),~,t fbat i s e :n,i!Li!;;.h~'~ed. hi the cha pt.e r on t~ 8..1 ni.ng we ta Ik r) f c O'!IH,:::enti:~,atiOfi. A sho ute:t '~ha.'t i s expe 1'" i en.e i iig p~.:in :f ron"). an a 8 "Llrn.f!,d po si ti o n wUl noUt be: able to ,f;:'O:t).cen.trate his fun (>:Hort em such iIT'JpDrtant ·matt·er Ei a s de live ril1~' th,IE !3hot .a'r,i.q wa.tL";.ning Eor chan g'e B in whtd C on<.l:!i tio,:n s.

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3,. Th'e t'hi.r d c ens Ide :r.·ii.i.ti.o:n is i ~ n-owing 'fr u all pa·:tt S of ttle be ely. tim:"!! i'n th'G; ch~ Bt and.! Oi:" ::;toma.:::'h. tu.nctlon whi Ie h a is fl.!? i'ng.

~,o Insure th.a.i: the bo'dY' i s :func'ti{rnJng pr ope r ly, Make su r e i'hat blood Check to i:n sur-e '~ha.t breat'hing is not r e stricted l),ec,a'l.ls€ of cunst.:ricThe 8hoo'e,e r mu 8't fiLit f] <h. !BO S i '. ion, tba!.t aIlow S £.o:t e Hi cient boody

D ~ COMMO N BOD Y CHARA c: T ERrs TE CS" A So one t'hi n')r.: s a bou t th e :f'ij:nit t i 0 ni ng of hu man "body d!1,l! d ng lln til;: 1;' na ti.L1:~la,l 'po 51 iHon slmotin g to'he r' to; a r e aorrie st rIkin.g' que stion;s t'ha t rrii ~'h t C orne t.o '~Tli.n d, l''he

Ir.iaj O'r-! ty oJ the s e qu e r:Le s wi 11 r of! iLa te to the 'r E!'a S ('.I ni i'1 g that 'i;' tlH!: huma» hC'J d Y h,lJl cti on s he' st in i ts :[I.'I):It IT.ta], it: oriJ"1 gu,]:" aH orr, wb. Y i:'! hou.l-d one: a tte:ro pi t Co C ~.a·!!'i,g oe fl:" Co IT. the nOl' 'm,al 'n":!a Y"i,l'j,e ~" of (I J),e J" ~ HiOn, i i:l. 0 r'd il!i r to i3 h09'e. i::Ii, riEl e :?

1. An alier:rr(; pel' son norma.lly stana:g,; wa lks , sits with bi:=: back a:nd he:3,(l ;Po )'''ect and hi s eye:il looRi'ttg s't,l"aight :forward m:J.'t ,cd the ;;::'Dcketa. If the head i i3 ,ti1t-E'aj th,~ ,Dr gar. of ba.lanc~ located in the ipl;"'.!e:r e~,'~,' jo BIE n s'!'2: s tha't ~:H of tho£: bo-tly i s 01l'~ ,01 the ba, Ian.c e o I" ton e a:n,d, automa 1;i ca 11 r send S oue st gn,a I ,8 to cor r e e.t the tilt, COl'1,SGq'UGl1t1y~, i3!. slight bod:~r l:1w.ay i!:1 .sfr:irt~_uli:1!,ted ilnvo1unta Tily. Y 011 rna,y. r:::hed~ t'hi S I'C sultant '1il'W3y by sta"J:1d:il.ng for .a period of t:lllTI€' with y01l1.' he ad tilted a'har'ply to th'D Bide" Why' t'h'l2"n .00 'many ~'hoQ'~,ef"S fi:re f:rQr:n tbe :si:a.ndhg Ol~' k't"H'::eltt.'J,g po,sitiCin:il with tl\eil' h'E!~d!;: pta.c,ed. at a aid.e tilt? 0 l' "~?hy QO S,OlTII!: 8 noott!'T::;, Ie an the i i'" h r;::Ci.\ d s e xt rerri It: 1y fa r 10 rwa r d .... l'!IiIt'i I t.'ih'l:: i r' eye b.r 0!'W s t 01.,l(; h t'!ht' roe'a:r $1 ~ ht '?

The hea"d, !:"lhcI'IJld, be held, Le .... el and upr~ght a s pGssib1€ iLn aU po S.itiO!:1.8 80 8. 5 r,ot to- il!;K!:.:'I!! 991vG.,ly A,l 5.0 '" eye J.' € he f rrru B t 'be rna tnt a.iric d ,

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T en SiO:tl.

2.5

1 • 'Whoe rt buHdi 'fig a, po si ti.o'l1; cne mu a'~ uti li ~e the: a va i lSi; b 1 ~ ,9U PfKl' :r,t a r.l'i a 8 ,t 0' the maximum,.. A 'pFone' PQsiUon is mOre at,ab1Le than <.I., sto3.,nd:ing "po,aitio'fi bt:c~USG there. t s a;, m.uch l;i!,':r~ep support ar~a.+ l:n po sitiloIlls wnel"e Q:tlly a, rni ni rnurn 0'[ ,SU:PIP{)l"'~ ~Feii. i ~ av~na,blif:, t'illiE!i i!llhoo,te:t'" must l!.ei),"rn to' IDca.te '~h;e i:;1;!f;Lt.er of gravity of the bodiy'-rif1.e Btruc't:JJ.l:f,4;! :lI,Q that pTOpel" be.lance ],;9 mi!fllnta1ned and fh~ be~t hold is i:ndu e e d;

:2.. The: 'P~siHon thai!; deUvel"s, the: best ho.ld is ba, sed 'U'P'Dn bQne; ''tiI'ipiport. Bone st.:t'ucw~e: s,U!'!Ppo.,F,it:!;I t'h,e 'W'e:i~ht of fhE! rifle:; Beca u s a the rnu.seJie s' ,a I'B relieved Cot '~hi 51 w>Ed,ght:i t'hey a,]:'jl!J l,e s s Ukt::l}' tOo fatigue a.no di Bve ll;!'l? h' erne 1':' ~ • 'r'h' shoo,t:oe'1" mainb.iin ~ b eH e ll" 'mu, a e Ie c o~,t rQ 1; a.nd hies are a Q.f w.6ibbl e I" e 1nain, E! ,at 8. ITl'i:n:[rr..'I,l1'lf:! tb,iI:' 0'i18ho-u~' th,e; c i:rq:t" is e of £i r if!; •

3., E'Ve.t.L thefugh bOone s support th.e weight Of fhG Tlflej< the body :h ne've;r ;.;;o,mpll.'stely stUl. f w'e. 'wa,tch the' ahoote':t" 'clQselYJ! W!3 win @j{~:t,ect, i3!, t;,®r't:a:if,l, amof\mt of 8w,~,yl~g l;l,1b .... em:~l"d :hl! thE!' ~~d'!{, 'rbi,s m,Qveme:nt :ls normal. it cccurs 'i!}.eeau.519 "the shQ.()'t,el' e doc8. r~ot r ea ch, f!.\i1.d :m~i;nt;tl,in i3J state of pe,=:fect ba.la nc e i n i, ~ irnpD S 8 i hie £'01:' a ]j[ vin g" Juno;;;: t:i 0 nlng 0 r g;a nL B In to h o,ld ita ~ 1:ff' wi til ro ek - lik.e :t" i ghH ty. T'ih.,e ;r'-e'

is 81, c>Dt'i.tinuou B... thong";' mi:niU t.e , i; hHttng of ten 8 ion ~ 8,.n d of tile e ent~ r of gr:it v:ity of th,e o r ga ni sm. h:u::1

th ~ boa lane: e 'is, ,eo:n,tinua 11 y dhtu:r i\}e d, an.d, he l'Id~:e' th'e SWa yin g rn,oU.Q:n. A s th~ po !5,'itl'o in is r ill! fine d.

hew eve r , t11. e li rn] t ~ oi thi s s W,a yi.ng p:7!.otl on il~,lIe":,,orn.e 8 i;,IlTl.aUe 1" and sm,f,Ll 1 I;!! :r ~ A is a r'l!!' S'll! 1 t , Ule m,o'VG m.e!!'!,iI;.

'0 f the ~ ifl{l- de (;) de e r ea se oS, S D:rn,e shoete fa ha. 'ire ;rei'i.:ril'ed the i r st~:tldi f1g P(\! 81 Han t:o the point that a't ti me s :c'r:..{)"i,!'"lllrn,!':mt of t.he rl:ne' ie, C oniiJ:"lle d tG' th-e "10 =:r' ing. M 0' SIt: S1hOOt-B r!;! ha ve net l",r;:.,a e he d t:M s polin t of I"'e ~':li.ift-e' ~ msn.t. Howe" .. er , .,.r"rith. 8xpe':r.ien.ee me at snoQtif;!'l" sean de'Y@ilDp a lea s.,t a 9'-lI"ing hold.

4"" 1Lf th,e i!j:hQo' eX' cannot ma.'intain a 1 O=rlng 'hQld" he rn,U!;It make a !L;unse:l!;)'1J.,8 df,o:r-t to a,top th.e ~'W~y ~f ehe hDdy .i;L!;iI the rifle d'dfil:i51 into the 10 =Ting. :F]';e doe,s thie, th, ou,g11 'ffius'I:.Ie >CQ:nt:rQl~ 'In effect,; wh~n the ir HIe d l;"iff; g li.:n 'Co the 1 0 = r\n g~, ,the :!I'!hoot,j!!i r u s e s, "...111 powe l' to' I rh~ldl'" the: boody sun 1 erng e nil;ll'l.:~ gh to ,a nDW

co 1'1" e ct h 1 ;!:H~·e. T cant r,D, l,., .

F', l\.1USe LE TENSION.

1. T Q a~d in holding the ~(6)r .still, the .shQo't,e:lt' sh.cr\l[d m~ i nta In a 8li gb,t de gtt"fl e of t en s.1~n in all

'bo ely :r.r!'Ui se lle. s • 1''11' fI' 'te J1 S,iOIl 'Pi" o,vi de' i5 f or fi ne i" ,g r a d:uati.oTil S ~f rnu ae 'h~' C'Q:tiI'tr 0 1.. '

,2.,. :n m'"!. st bE! e mplli~Hil;:i z ti!:'!3 th.t!"t tl '1; e te.'JiJ ~:ion "i!;il v'e r Y' s Il ght" C ozr, plete.JL y te'fi:s ad o r !! 10 e 11;: e di' :mu. is des q]'!.:!Ji,eld'l fa,th:1J..E! ,(!!. ~d he gin to t rem hie Slis:llitly. Th e C O'l' r-e ct te n :;lion iii 'l! e 1:''1 rie a:I" to e Qmp 1 ete' I"e laxa 'ti On. P,ort,r.a.y;t;!,cl; on a, gra.phl- th.e ,aTI'1o'Ufit of teneio':!'!: used in shooting v;"Qulld, ,ap:pGar ~:;;: :in Fi~\l:t"e- 2.1., Thi i!i

It:e:n, s,:I"Q,:n i 8 ,9,0 91" gh't t:'h8. t i't is ha ra 1 y £e It t.y the B:ho'o'~ e r .. Ex:p~:d G 1ll'C ed .sh.oo.te i" S ~ reno' rma U:y' U iI18.'W'!!L J;" e 0 f it be C,a_ lH! e it hiO'l, s c.Qrn.1ZI to fe ,i;.lil .e ~mpl et t;i 1 Y :ria t'Ul 1" al. :r.: hi!:!' d eqgr ~·,e ~~' te III sion 1,;!!udol!ilr..te d.l 'l V'a ri i;!"S ir{)rn !iI'!hQ~t~'!t" ~o. s11 o.ote 1'., ·Some i:fi(H vidlua lLs 1,'!. R e 13" $ mu ch b:!iIil:;;l iQn a s th.ey c.all wi tho 11t b~ c: Qming fa ti :g'!UcCi,

Oth-e r s 'iJ!9 e j '11 at 1;I.,!;j, l"i 1;t1e' a So tihifl'Y ,c':an wiil::h0lut llo is i iIl,g cant t,o 1 (:If' the m:u So c: h:;!!,~ ~ It:i a l2l!l'!.d I" e l~' 'Ij,:p to th ~ in,cillvidiual :shooter to find 8!IUj m~intah'fl tri.'e d!S.gF.U!1 o~ tef.L:!,ioh, tlh~"1t gives him the hE!i~t. c~ntr{;ll of hh body.

I .' I

G. ER E c: T REA D POSI'I':IOl\~., '\vb,y d.oe s a shoO a.te 1" tt:i P hI. ~ 'h!':!i a d to t.he l:' i ght wlhiile n, :r:in.g? T~ ~ ,0 b vi'Q'iJ, s

a.n,SW'D:r h,: He mu~t' place 1h.L!;I, faICe, a,ga]'n,51't, t'h,e !Stock '~O $,BB p'tQpel'1!y th-ro:'ugh the dghts, Tl!.8 BoluUo:n ,~o! ~is p~olile:rn [a'rid ,!:tilting hi iii nela.a {lOG 8 CI;I.,Ub'lle pr~b'}.(\ms) i,e! ·to r€,taln tht.!i head h1 '~he nOl~:rn~l e l",e,et

PQ :;'!:i.ti,o,.if'i. a:n.d b 1"in g ithe~'Hl e :t{) hts fa ce ~

1 ~ Thi s :n~ (; e 8. i!;l a r.~. C olldli tiem. 1. ~ ,a ,c;:,c!!]rn.'PlLi:5 h~ d by. - o;we r i:ng tht! hook butt. pIa. te , The to-Iv ,Q.f t'h~ s to'c k i 1;1 rat !iled ,aibov~ tn.s shoul{!e'f <ill1!d nee:k to ,iii" level "",rftrH'G the eye ang ':t"e,f~,r i5i~ht al"e on the B,am.e 'plll:ne. The fiif.'er- now i:!il :E!.'ble to. ]~6'e.p hi,!;! bea.d 'ii::r'eiLit but it ma.y l:'iiiiJt :!j.iDlv,e the rn~,t:t,er ,of. lOGk"ng IiIt:iI:"a.ight t:hl"Qugb the ~ights.

2;, Ths re,ar. si:ltht rn,u8'ft 'be posUlon;e,dl dli,TeC'¢.ly i.n front c·! the :r'i~h~ (:!:j,igbting) ,ey,e.. T'ni 8 m,ay b.~ a ~ {; !i}ntpli sh.e d by- any of O';f' 8,. .r;: OH"~ bina't:ion, of the f oUowin ~ rrlf~thQ d. ~ :

c.' ea.ntin g fh e rHle.,

L....

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s
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:Jl
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t~ ~
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I~~ ;t I
t! I I
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0 II ,
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Ii, -

_.. I

APP~MA,TE CEGAE!E OF TEH:SION U,SEO IN SHOOT~NG ?LAKED MUSCLES-TENSION INDICATED IS MUSCLE TONE

( 1 ) C a nU ng the. l' HIe i I!I, on:e m.!i!ltnod by whl cb the· l!'hootJe r -Iii a blit: to. a chiBve, 'the, p1",Cfpe l' ,!!It gh't iii. lj,gn'~ me fit. whHe r etainiflqj' pi' op·!!!! r !l.lI!!a.C!! pc ~i tiQn.. Thl, i!I .[,! t :rue.· In any l;I·n.o oti~ g p~ 11i!.i tie,l':L~ Th,e d .. e!;r Ie ~ of (:,i(lj.D·~ lis very crlti'l3IEiJ. Th!i!l ,iiI!.·mt)'un'ti Q£ C!i1IJ.:tIit: must '[be ,th'e l!iam~ fer:!:" 'li!I,ach ~hot, or the !It'l'':l'ke' ·Qtf th.e '~:)ii.dh!!!,t will devi.a:til! gre':atly.. The ~hCi,otE!'r' i1,hould keep in m:b'id that in a.dj'llEiting iil'ight.i3 too, ~Omp!l!ilil1late for ~~'Ilt,; ·a,

![I ight. t;=ha,nge in windia S e. willi also. r.'t: s:ult in a, ~hi(lj.J'Ii i!l:'e i~, eleva don and vi.c 0 vOT' ,sa '.

(2'~ c.ant Ca.'!11 'bel ~easuredl by m!IJ'!JnUnl a lieviI!illL '~bble gil th,e ;r,Ule. A l8'hO'Q'te::l" ,thil!l:h win be' able tQ Q b se rve hi iiJ ,cant, an.R'le.. A fte r l'lUJ'f.!,e·:!:'Q'Iiil,.lil hOI!J:r 8 0"£ pr a"cU,c e I' iiIIlmo "t iD stinl!:ibl,ve!" 'the :i!!hoote l' will d,evelop a uuiform <;;a.nt and. the hrv",;l 'buibbl,e m,a.y not be. DeeeIlSal"Y.

(;3), It 'mu Elt be trmpha. si Ii e d that shQ!otlitllg wi,t'h a ca.nt :Eo II :Dot be:ln( ta nifht a I!!I tl:l! pr ope r pr'oe. ed\u:"e., If co r r iJ!J ~:t po ,!iii Uon wi,ll pe':t"m:li t" 'the, l"Ul!i!l I!ihO'Uld be h'e ld wlth !I! gh't i!I pe'li"fCt:itly vt!!i rt~cal. Cant 111 m,t! r'i!lly .1iI;.'~ a.l:terl'lli£ll'Hve ':f'''~lI'r th .. oae :!lhootfJ::il";$ ~~ekin"g a sol.ut,ion to a. p:l"oblflrm. If a pr·o-blem doe'. not exist, do 'rlot lnt:r 0 duce ene ~

rio. EY.E R.ELIEF"

1. 'Th4!! sri!! rellef... Ql' dlBta,Dce £'1"om thf!J e.yll!! t'Q r,·e,a.r ,i!,.pe:rtur-e·" .,'!blOuld be iJ.'pp,raxitnately 2-6 lnohe.,i!I" d'~pl!inding 'On the po .s:i tdLon. ~ Fi SUl'"e 16 )1, S6~ ,Chapie'r III,. The l!nte.g r-,a,te d A,d o.f· Fio t'ing .. '1' he Eye a Ilid Sl,g'hit Sya,tern,. How i't.".iany df'le enth,'1iul m I it i!I, i!lhoo.,t the I!!ta.nd!:ng f;!O ~d:tl,J)ln with t.he tr hei!.dl 'th':t"1i9i; r, ... rw;a;rd tn. exagg'ii!rii;J!:!I;ed ;~::r:j;~Ul:rU;!I:r tha:t, :rel!!liults in theiit" ,yebrow rE!! !iI,tIns: I'tgh't up, ai~ini!iit the rear. :§Jight? I'OO :MA'NY"

I

2;. Pla:.dn .. g the sight ~.ga in st any ~ rt ef the fa.c~ 0 r. the s'h!QQU:n I!i: g 1.a..j!! se s will v-e:ry I~Q:II, si 'hi Y l,"i8 i5lult in :"Pi;! a.:r' l,o the de ilea toe sl,gh'!: a ~ !!i iiM:,nib:il. r '" Q:i:' "lnjiu~ y 'ito' ,the s·hoot.e:t:' h' CFrti r ec:,oU (e ape eta J!.ly wi th ~ lar itft: ealib,er :riUel,. When the ri[l~ is fi.re,dir. a shoote r can 'tiDl'Gon.BcicH,ll:!aly· d.ev·elQP a fB.!n{:'ih as the Sights l"'epea:.tecl:ly hi.t. a..gaini!lt tll.e. Iil:y@' l;I!.:;E'gg.. Ihis ean defini.t.el.y prodh;~.ce a. pOOl" sho'li).tif.L,g pDaitioOn,.

1:- -

r, RECOIL AND THE ANGLE 'OF' JUMJ?',

:.

·1 • EV"eI;ry shQoil.:e:r i 8 fa m! 1!:ia:t:' with thii':! l"elC 0'1 1 of a. rfflle. Sim.ply ,8!l;.a t:!![!! d. ·re C 0([ 1 ee CUi":9 b B C a U 9 e expandi.ng powder ,~ase B pi'"QPii!l. th'l!! bullet. and the ,ea..rtr:i!.d.gi! ca.s:Qi i~ oppo,s.ite di1"edi,oIlls,. The' bjjUe't

h' a."V"e i.:5 £.o.:rwa i' d ,thlI"ou~;h the 't!Q;r' e.. 'The for e e ,a ppliG d to. the· 'ib~ is e of the ea r:t~'idge i;::~ i5iI e i is t ran. i!i fill tte'd to'

'iL. • "IL b ~I"

tl:it:: ';["{!;,a i" 8;. g 1;I:1I1l!;lt 'hL,e :_ Q JJ.", i

:2 '. If thi;l ~ e & r of. the bolt a cUD. IIi W"I!) r if;! pl~e. ed s'I;lua.:r e liy a g,a in ~t a 60 lid 61l:l;'pq;\lo:rt, the' :t'G C D. i 1 of the bl;l!. ;r 1" e 1 and a c~1Ql'lI would be st r.a i ght toO th e '1" e 'fj,,:r ., H or.:wtrver, tb I!!i 'r" - ne ba r l' e I .a nd boH ;a ctkrir} l!.ol"lna,lly

T,e s't ;;}.n t.o.'p oJ a. WCI·Oi! i3:n stoc k i The 'ilJ,'UJtt:; of the st-o c.k Q!'l"Q P!iI e o.n:s'i de r'a, b l..,r lD Itl: l.ow the: am is o.f 'the' ba T'r,el a.nd bolt.. C QT.!i seque It tly,; ehe t' ea rwi3! r d mO,:t;lon '0 f th e ba r-r e 1. a.nd ,a. c'ticrn "tend is. to ex\e r t a fQ i' C Ei a'ibQve tiL,e a xi B

. .

of the stock, ~d.tls,in~ the niJ'U,:2;,de toO be pivobed upwa:rd.. 'I'hi$ upwa.rd. movement in relcl;li'l ts caJ.led jump,.

'I'he de ~'r ~ @:;;; o.:1i' a n arc des e ri bed by t'l:i;'!il; ttlfl;l!:g :de is ca 1l.e d ehe d..ngle of jurn p. F Q1" e ~a,mpl~, if th~ be r l' e l jum pe d h: o·n1 the exa e Uy- ho:ri zon't:.a 1. too an a. b 9 ol'ilte ve r-t:ii,c.al pl~l'v;!i ,I the @_,:tlg le of jump 'Would 'be 9 0 de ,e:t'",e,~ ,8 ~

j., 'The a ngltl a IlIa the' .a£ r e c tion 0 f j urn.p ca n be. ecff e cte-d by exee t"na. 1. p t ~ 8 e ~J;" (!! 8 Oin: tp_e l'i f.l,e., A. Hgnt sllin,g 'IiliXG rt 8 ,i;j. dO'l,illl',i,W:;Ii.:r cl !',o:r ~;e. on th'!2: m'l,l! ::l.,de ,Q,{ th e :rUl;e a.fi.a, 1.,e ,8 8 ens th;e angle o"f j urnp.. In i1Iclldi ti 'On.. 'th e ju.m:p can l!:H! deflec;'t,£!d t·o one :side by' 8;.. pr e ssur e e~-e:r·t.ed. ag,a:ii:!list the oppo s1,ce stde 0,£ the atoc'k,.

. .

,

4. The it- e a :r'l!li. m.a.ny t,e ch:n:li:c al e ii5fi, s ld,t!: ~a:. t~.o~ s 1;'~:jI;. t Bh'o.uld bif:' ace r:I'IJ.ti:t«!:,d f Q r il!! r ~"ea:U. :Mow,r;::vl!i r ~ fo r f,ru:r·pO;5!.e8 Q,r thi.~ dl seus stcn, it..is 8.uH:ii.d.ent'to, i3ay t'b-'la,1; 'it'eeo.:il Cornrr...€!IU;:i£!'5i as tbe bu1l1et !ita..:rts toO IT'.I!i;)' ..... l:!. 'T hi e ~a;9. 'pr Cl :3 81,;Jrl"~ that. ca u. s e is :re c 0. i 1.. '~~,a ;;j,e the if'L 9t~nt It:'lh.e bu ll.at lIS a. v e ~ the ba I"l' el. No 031, e c o'l,lJ;nt i,~ t!al<"en

. hG'l'"'I:!" of :ga i;I,' p'Te5SU]f'~S en the fi'Hl!z.:i'.le .!face i Qr .of ehe .e£fillloC·h of ine'rth" It :trtop-y 'be ae e n it;h~t !iI!:t1!ce' the buUe·t is movln 'in th~ boa"l'rei during recoil, Bl. .ch.ange' in thE! af.il,g·l,e 01' jum.p "WiU place t~"e muzzle at a. diJfe'r'~n1l: point a.e ~he btIJUe.·t erne I",g0:8", Ihi~ .wa,uld :t:_hui!ii alli:;.e:i" h·aJ~,ctQFY ~'and, poi:rut of impact), of the Tb1UnoE'~,' Th i OS . .0 C cur S '!3::"" en '~hough th,E;!. 'j;! ig.ht,$ a:r e pe t;fe ctl y a.lig;r!lIE!l!r3' 'on ~he t;j.:r goe"t a It: the time the wea pO'fi 1ire.s.. A shooter should bE ccncerne d, th,en.,!! ,ttha:t ths ,angle of jt'ifmp 0.£ th,e' rinG rema.t:t1llil, .'c~nstalit t:br,ough!lJ'tlJ'i: ~, 8hoot~'ng 8t'ri,:!'!;g.. CJtheli:'"'wi.~!l::, h~ wiU Gx:pe,:rienc'e a ch.atiq~;e in Z'li.';r,CI'~

5,. In. the stil!.nil.ing 90 !i!:itlor.t, s,Hg;ht c·ih.!1ll.rl!ge s· in t.he ,angle of' jum.p C~I]I. be b'J;"Q'ught a bou:~ by' ,C'lr]'ang~!'.I "n El:iJ,e ;a,dj11lstrne'nt of '~he ~a~'m :i"t: at,. .The Be ~J:lia:lf.q~~€: 8: a.r<e lisu,aUy VE!'!rY rnl:r:!'i;;"Ii"~ How~:vt: i"~. ln the Qt'hoe":t" pt.1i:iit:ii.OIi!S4' chan,g~.s in sHl'ig 'h:nsion Q'l' cha.n,g'e.s in ~h,e ·POIs.i;ti-crt'l, of thl;!l l~!t: hand ~a:n haVe::! a. T;!;QU,cea,b:1e

Ei Hec 1;: 1Jl pOi!'li il;El.e: a til ri!:le: o:E jl.lm.p, a.nd ~~a. U s,(:: CO'n.::i i.d.e rEi. M.ID C ha l'1i g e S tn. iii: e 't·o •

.

,

is., II?,.all po sillo:n,,s;. a eb~fi;j:j (!: i ii1. the 'P,Q 9:1iti 0 fi 0.£ th.e 'buu 'pia tc .3, g ~jn s't, t}e :sn.o,uld'fn' ca. ill . ol.: a:u Sl,e a. :n''La,j o,:r

,c·ha:n.g(.l! in. Z1E!l'Q'"

7. Ch:ee:k, '~ue s s,ure is al:s;e c:r:iHcal i,n a£f,e.~thig the ~[I'!.g·h.: t}1 jm:Yip. H t;p',e, ch.e'Bdk. i..'li mqved; fO'l'Ward

0.1' ba~k ,oil.' tlt,~ 8 t:ort;;:k j' Q,r if. the' (:·11 e ek p:t' e s. :lll:t" 'c i i3 lint::t" ~a sed !fI; 1" (]i'1!!; C T (! a ~ e d on ~h c s'to if: R; , the' i' I::!l wi 1'1 b;f!1 .a, I1IQti.c (l a:. b Ie. oC ha.:t'iI~ e in th e '~!Jlnt Q! i m p~ iet. 'I'M ~ C,i;I. n O!l;'cu r in ~. ny ]'lIQ,s,:i!.ti!i',:.H'l" a nd it 'D C c 'U r,51 iE v~ 1'1. ,th Ottigh !fl.':.i9. c:h. $h ot :rn,a y it;I':t"iea,:k with t'~ e is i ght ~ in p~ l:" fee tali gnm !l.H'l.i!,:on ,the tllL:t':!i(: t.· Th.e s h OoOh it'" 6·lh.o.ul.cl ,t~ll:~~ C 1:''''' to- a pp.lV the e xa 'c t :!l am.i~ c h'i:;!:'£!,'k pr ~ ~!3'IJJ:r c '~O tho '~X:i.>C t E! arne 00 in'ft o:rn. t'h1!!' ~tQ'r:k 1::11:t'o '!l [hQ u,t iJ:. S e 'Iti e::i d,f ,!3h nts ~ M 0 s,t, gO'D~~ shoo ot~:r S T.';e' !;j,t th.e h is ~d 1:~a tu ra 11)~ a iii.a i 1i.:3 t· fhijll ~ t,o c. k, Tn Ii:: Y (],;5 n.ot ~ U (J; pt to in,!;':r ('~ a., fHl! no it'" dec I.' II!! a a~o

.tni 8 :na:!j:u.r ~ 1 'Pl" e EI 6.",1:r e h'Y y. s t.: of ·t.h,e 'mu ,l'I c.it: s,. Expl:: ri;(J;D C e w:~u. 1:e a,c.h 'ith c s·nfIlo"t(;· r to ::i.(::rTi !H~ l..m i irIt If: Jiltio:n,aJ.

cha:t".!~e 5 in hcad pD sition Q'[' dll'E!'i::!lk ~'t"e S :!j,1lrra,. !h,E:!I' 8hf}oh~:t'" s,nol,J.],{i ,att{:!'ID'pt to no.h.] Ul:~: rlf] ~ in !{:'xacHlj' ~:1h.!l::

e!,s, .~'~ . way ,e.a ch t:im.t:!' he ri ir c;! is {·hi'lt" tn,g a 8'~:r i"t"J:J;:"

. .J. .FOLLOW T'HRaUG,~1,

..

L Fu,]low thrO\lp:h :is th(J ae·t 0'£ :matl'Ti.'t~ir.!ing ho>lcl and] (;{lll'Ticcnt'!FatiQn Uf1itU ~. ~rn,l'juh;]'" (,an no It:j.:!'!;gf~r ,aff~Gt: tlh.~· ni~h.t o.J thr1l buU~~~. T''l,!,i'O mr~th,Qd 1;1. of ch(!,cki:t'il~ ~liIn()W thI'o.ugihl a ]"(~ ii'lry. n rin,!;.': '-!,ml na"lill'1J:[ ~t ~:CJ{'l.ch lot d th,e sh.'Do!l::e·J;' i ~ ;rU:lE: US'£fi~ dum'my 'l"m.m41,:iI !p{:·dc;dii.-r.a,l1Y and cbc(:kiing iU"!~ :1Sh!l";i(rt"t~I'! ,51 rml,.cUOii"! ,a R lHc,

ftr'c;5! the' !!iJ·]-lQt. By eallililf<!; t1n~ j!J.],;,j,::J1:, tht!!' !'!Jh0 o,ttl r i3:II!tid pai!;(!'i!'l. nt~: phH"'~:'i':rwnt ,r)f hi i'l ;;;.~u'.!t ~,I.!-j;'Efiif.!; ·tIl4·· <.!i1'il~h: or

j 'Il:rlf:l p~ the 1},'P'f.ie.~1 ,r·i3!I"i.i~!:) ,0 C hi !it fJ,i.gh~ 'P,i 0[: tu 1"',t:;~. .;;i:r'! (1 U' 4I1J'tij''i-o,(i'ii'' S' OL,llIY ;;.:ha n,g-t~ ill; ~:n ill! ii,.: W ~:i'iI1'~ wh i.;dii irmL)' h il ve o.·CCiJ,:lir~ed ht'tfo:r.~· fhe f.lh~1t w'as riU'r.!JI:i·.. it is im'P'~:r'.ati v-e thM t'FH'~' ShOf)t!l!H" ,cal] thi[!' shljt !j,~:d'(H·o lonld'nJ.!;

thr Cough tliJ(!' a C'OP"~' of he t' wi 8· 4;! i;I;. t'al:il, c e. all. m~ y l" ~.s IllH.

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]:" The act. 01 ea lLH.!itii g a ahe Ii; i:s & we r "I i rnpo i"ta.l'1,t a. s pe e t 0'£ !3hQoH~:J:g. By' Ii:: a lIitIJ ~ th,!:li sha t t]:1l'e she o't e r

('&:n evaluate hh :iii!E!il"O'Jo 'hi51 ,amf:t':uJ.:ni;itilo'r.I., th{~: value c}f the wi!!1d, and hia pc::a" !QT'rnanCe ,. Afb;::r lea rnin,g to <call :sho,h, ~ ,Bho~te:t" who observes a shot off c,al1 ''I,lf,.-iU not 'he i,;,itate to ;find ·out "" ... ,hy and] mak~ ,a'1!l adjus ,InG'iI1t, U !:IuaU.r a:fi a;,d]justm,en:t ii.n tE~.'e s.i,g'l:'ii:~s is I'H!iCe i3,s.~r.1r eithe l:' !by firing s.ll.ghter :!j,h,o.ts .01" ch,an,ging the

f!,i ght a b i)'ffi !!iJt;pt; :Tie me ~ ..

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THE PRONE POSIT ION'

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A. G::e::,N'ERAL. A.s tlli,e a.;cc,'IJj;l"aoey of dn!l;!'~ :an'l ~l'l1imluniHQn, ''have ':lm,pr,olV'e:d! and il::ecnnlqlllies have been r:'.efir.i!;e,C[ ~ thif:~ i!I ~ O¥ e ,j!I fh'ed in tbe p:t";()crie, po s:Ud,on. hav~ Eriky r'G,it'k:c;jj~d.., Eve:t'y !i!lhoo:i;e: 1'" m'Ltst, :i!i't:t"i Vie f'ot· ~ r:f'.e,ct IIIi'C'O r e:!5I,~ Mul;ti;", po Iii liti:o,n maitt::h~,i!i, a.r e :!: eld! on1! w;b;n, , ati ilihe P(t'Qne. bll,li,t t~ey' 'I(;:"\a..n pe 10 ~t t~,r!l! ~

I t

B., ,ASS,uMEN'Q THE:' PR ONE' POS IT! ON • To a:!l: S'!lme a. S'(li ad ])1" one 'po ~itiQ'r:I:,. f!h>a ~hoO'ib!l;!'~' lie a i'a d~I!!:' ihie:tw>ee'n, 5 ;a;n.d ] 5' de g':re e 5! 'lig, 'th:'E!i ri g~t '1:;1([ tl~e Hne CE' Ii i' G it] th'li! i;1!;l r gii!l~1; (.F:IL~u,'t'e· 2:;3'~ ~ The bOody' t. i!! :ri:ot hvlist'eidii!' O''Iilt i~ d:r~t,chil!i,d out and l' elaxed,~ th.e spi~e i,s st:!;:'a,lg,ht fF.igUl"e '~t:),.

l

c;" roS:[Tl.aN ()F 'TN E :LEi'1" me.., 'The li!i.f-t l~ g i:9' l' QiUJghly pa ll"ia lllel 'tio the: 8,pine ~ 'WIth t'b,e tQ e i! poiiE!iUng:' in,Wai i"d.. "fhi le,n "be e 1. shOl!!.dd ~Qt b~ !Q't' Ii i;!i d down t:C! ~o'l(lcb thi!j, g~o'!m,d. Po.i;!I:lrting the tlo,e I!i 'OiliJitw,a, r'd b n.l)t i" ~ ~Q:mrn,aiiia: ~d, 3.1!!1 ehl,$! pta it: ii!i:.l!i ,~ ;!itr 8l,ln o.i:ii ~'bi.'e m''I."j,s d,e!!l of t:ne, left 1 e·StEl:,'~d '~ends to 1" ~U the body' t·o t'tu~ rlg'ht.! re!lrW1'ting' in'lQ{) m~ch 'bCHdy 'Weig'hi,t beln:; pla'i.::ed up-on the, ,I"i.ght elbow (Figure ~rH.

Tih.,e ;r-i"glit Ie i' i 8 al'!lgle d a WI!, Y' f.:l"Qm 'it:'ib,e' i!Jpi~,e i§ t ~ ppl"IO',:s:lma. tE!ly ,a, 4 5 de ~rr ii!i.@j a.!t.l![gle., Tlie ki!'J!e~ Jl!l benf: and the Lowe r le g 'i i5ir,Qughly- pa. l,\aUi!;!! li wEtl1L -rrn'e ·i,e,ft le g, The, '!toe, i!i :are p,o,in-ted, O<1ilt-w~td,~ I~he '[p'Ull"PQ·!H} ,{ow brlng'ing tnre right PQle~ ,~Q'rw,a:rdJ l~ ~ofold,~, (U to io,eate the r'ls:::'ht I~'hould iEI l" c;lo,e,;Eil" ·:to tho c: ~:tlh!::r ,of the 'po :!5ltJ,!i):tl., fa) 'ibQ f:a cUUa:~e ea s,i, e::r b ~ e:;;j;.,t"hling,! ...v:hkh w:ll.'ll, In, ~r'ii:l r e-diIlJi;c;,e '[P1Ul'i e b EH;l~:t (Flgur'e 2. -; )1.. -, En ithe~ la,tt !I;!'~ ea.s e,~ if tJle :trn.~ ~ i ~ 'ib17(tugbt t,o, a 90 de.:gl" e iE:; an:gle lr- om the ,~plno£ ~ ,th.!il!l p:l" e i!i :!:u:r e oJ ,the bo,dy we i g'hrt. will b,e 8iQm eW'M't l~'f.te~ fir 'Om the c;:,~ e'st; ~l1I.Q!, :a~gCi!lT.l, en. H:ow0'V'~r,~ wIth the h~,Q:, a.t 'thIs 9'01 d,egn"eE! .angle:" l~oo much p,rg,i!i,I!!I:'IlJ"ili' hI, plae~d upon 'the left, el'ib'i;)Ow~ Ther,elol"'e t"ib,e

1 e if i Ii moved, ba o:k: tQ '~h.'e .4 5 d,E!lgi" a ear ,ea... Tn!l;!' S,r'ea t'eet, va:t" b,t.~,on I!;j, o~' prone po I!;il:l t:~o:'n wIll ,0,0 e'U.1" lr.L th.e ,tpod'Uo(t',ding '~J'i th:l!l!l :r.Ll!l:ll't: leg. The ,i:ndivid1J.:L.al muet expe:t,ln1.en.t tQ fLnd how m:~cb kn,!I;!e 'bemd h del!i,irabliE1 lin lli.i 6i Q'W'fi 'C, a. ,e, e .'

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E ~ POSITEON 0 F I'H E LE F'I' Art M. The j[e tt el bow' .'ihO:u:ld be ~HghUy tlO the le:ft OE tb.e 'rifle

{F"i gU,!' e ,i!i 25 and. ,2;6). PIa cin,g th e . e Ibo<w ufide:t" ~ or 'w tn.e :r.l gh't ,01 ~!h!JI~ !iltQ'ck_.; a,b"ai:r:ll s nItB m,ue c le ~ of th~ u,ppe r !.o:r $ Q.. Tbe left; han,d. ,a;na 'WI' :hI:t ifhi,ould 'b G' i5'h:a..1gb,t a:!L'Iid ,th.'~ nn.ge:t i!i! d'o nOiit: gr,!;;I~.jiP Ute 'dfhe", The i;!!,iI;Qck. Is pla,c,ed! wen ove;i;:' . 'the he,eli Qf ~h!E! ha.;it!:d and, not :pQ!i!!,i;ti.-oned tOW.a,l"Id:S tn~ haae of. th~ flngGl",I!!,.. The: lii!::ft f~l'"eii.l"m, In, l:nt~:l"n.:a.t.lonal ,e,om~;e:dtijJn Is :t"~Hlubed :a~, a. :3.0 degr'ee .a:n,gle wUh th!l;!' gr'ound~ For ,m.'[]'Iii't !!!!ho'oh t'!5I thi i!il an.,;l II;! 1Q;1' QvId!l;! ~ a P[:)l' cxiJna.t'E!il y 6 i'n,e:he',1ii 'lbetwe.~l'Ii, the i!j,h.o,o,telr ~ ,I!i, Wl" ~!!!it and! ·the g:r O'IJnd,~ Tb"e PO'iS i HO'irn! Q,f; the :fa;:r. e'" ,end! 8~ op' is: iii! ete:!:'m ined by UJie leinJ~rth of' tbe E!!ho o:t!E!'1" l:e a,:!t"m. g! aE1l.dl, the 1 il!!n~ th 01 th!il!l D,utt o.t th~: ,!t",lfte;.. Exa.!tit pIa it iIl!',m£itl:'tit b 1 (3f:j: to< 'thG: :Lnd~v 14u a. 1 to d~t)erm lne £'o:r. hir.n. 8 elf,. A ,g e't'l,e:lt~l g'llirl e Ia to 51~rt wi~'h the dia,tar.!,cE!' fr.o\m the' tri\~'l!!:er to ,the! butt being equal to til,a d.l!1i!.tan,cG f.rOfi"i.i, 1!:hii1l: 'trig.ger'

to tbe f)~;r,e - en.d, :5'tiop. .

:F'~ A,DJUSTENG 'I'HE SLING., Tn€: sli'!fi,g m~Y' bi!!: hig'[h ~l" low on. the at'm, (SEH;:: CUla'p'ter r"if - F:LSIl'll'r,e

19} ,a,nil a..cj 1j,;6te: d I!i 10 th.a t i't, 1;I~:prpo ril; EI the W',~d, I!l:-nt, 'Ciif t'he :rHle. No ;$f;lio rt :;;ni:;:I'II;dd 'be rni3.,d.'~ to h..o 1 rlI, u:p th:!t . rifle with U1.e 1 dt ha.nd! .ana fo'l' ei3i,:f'rn., Th,e .le-It M,nd .i;i h.ou.:td be ,I!i'!t'iiug a ga~'1fi I!i t th~ for e - end iB'tOlp~ The s1 LfIi,ig ~:!'!! 'ibhe' :a rm .1.:3," :a :p 1" 1m e 8,0'\1,1:' c,e of' [p1!J!1:3, e b e a:t~ On e s:n'oi\1ild ':find the at',e:a on :bIs a ~m, w"he r e, tne 'pla cam.,E!ifi,'I; ~ ,th~ !!UnB, wUli l" ~ a,rut tn 'tht'l :m h'ii.lm Wi'n! of puls e h~a.t ..

j ,

Fig!ll r-e :z Z~ P :rone ];1iQ tIIH:!lon ~ ~O

o. roSITIONIN'O THE RIGHT ARM.. The ·r:i.sht. e.lbow fi!l pl8!{j·oj!,d . .a ~qm{o'l:'t.i3:.Me· di6!t~:rl!l;;!l;! awi3.·Y frOom

the bo dy 'F i ~'!l.r e iii 2:2: .and! 2 ·:H.. U a:fi a i"t'~:m:pt i i$ fPiad e till b l'lnR: thii!! ~ liba-w :In too c; 1.0 s e j th·e ri Bht :!iib,01.J!.lde r 'Will be l'a~,ged to an 'Ui1lir!;omf·o1"ta.ble heig'ht an,d, ,an 'iIlin.~t: ble' PQ,dUon wUl result.. Th.e :righ.t ·bla.nd may grip, t.'be iI!I to.~lc wlith .a"fiiY d·e.;1' ee. of p:r e.'Ii!, 8ur e 'tha't I PjJ d I!i S b ed 'by t'h e l!Iih"o·O'te·r '. The impo l"ta.!l:'iit PQbJ:t b if: bJ,g ,tha 1; th e p(l"i8$a'tii"e be ~QiDliillist:ent 'iol" ea.,el'il..8ho,t., Th,e th"w-nb ma.y' be' Dve,1i;" the! top, of thee !;I'b;),ek O.iC' :along aide ·gf it .. No .a.t1.empt il!b.cnllld be ma,.d;~ ·to lu.ld"e the rlf1le with ·th~ rig'ltt 'hand. t T!bi,$ po ilI:J .. ti@n.ing of tbi,B ,£mge~ enthe ,tr:igg e r- i!!li all!! o i!(1i'ihCi'ot,e r P';I!.' e.;el'· ene e, Tn:1!I t?igg!l1l J:" iinger snllrul.d '[bt¢; 'Cil.,~a:r e,! t~ e ij t Q ek s Q th..i3J.~ whi,e:rJ, p:r';e:,i;i;i!iu:rc is applied to the t.ll"iSfi'!iH" it i,r;! not :a.l,I,;IJ appUed to tnt; i!rto(:'!k (Figu:re Z,8.).

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B" Jl:?o.SITIONINQ THE RlIF"LE. 'the bi~tt, p1ai,e ~hQ~ld. fit i!iEiu.gly into t'h<t!i e'houlde:r., With Wi.any iilIno et't iii r'e, the 'butt 'Will be pb: ;c,ed, low .in th., ,ehQIIl.l,clri;;!I:r .a ndi; if.IJ ii) :rde:t" ·to ,a,c'ihio VB maximum 1" Hie - ~h:ould,enr c:.o!t'ji'~a.ct!. ibe a.dj~iJ~bl~e b~r pla,t:~ wIn be rali;,e~ ,o<:n the: il!!ta.q.~.. The ml!ll.tb~ ,oi Sl"ea.t,e!tt i'nl.~Qlrta,il'lice. li.ril p~)i.d~,I!!;· the 'ibl!Jt.t into t'hB I!!!hol.1Ud.el" i.iS that the :r-.lIXe be !oca:!l!ed, 1he. !!,am~ 'place fOr" eVE!:!i:''Y' sih,ot.. So,m.e !ShoQ'ter:!i fln.d! t'ha. t ~ !;I,ing ,a. lto,e,); 'butt. pla te wUl help, !them a C e om:pU.sh 'th.i s ~

I. p.eS,I'!' Io.NEt.on:J· THE HEA.D,. The ~t.o'c:k .of th~ rifle' ~ho.ilJlld be !!!i.O c,liln S iI;:t'u>ete rd tt;h~ t w1i;e.Ei th~·, e beo1;:ie r

ie, in :p::!!IIliUo]i, a:nd p],a,·ce e h;ia he30.d. ii:lin t'il:'N!i ;!Ifr6~'k,; he h, loold.n.g th;;rQ'Ugh the sdi,hu (Figu.,;t:'E 2"*). S!@me

shQ g.t; I;! ,1" a a PP! 'Y m'oZ' e if!, c.l.d, 'p. t' B'a ~u.1' e a gain st. ,ti'h,e :!I,tock than g,th e:.t 1;1:. A g !p.:.tn" th;s i:n'tiPQ:rta..lJ!t '!pQln t iIi tha. t t;'be fa e lal p:r e ~ i!i'li1~'11!rI b I!!i GONSIS"l' ENT l Th,1!! head snO'lI.l!ld b e a II e:t:o ii!:.ct a" e, po ~ s L'bl e :aM, PI' 1fJ'p er (j ye r rE;! 1.1 d ma..rntaln.ed (ililee, Chapt,er lV)".

,J. OR IENTING T HE post!' Eo:~'i. The 'pr ODl!!i po Biltdlolli lJ.,i!j 800 st;''€:'liidy 'I;'ib.a t ~t maY' be 18,a1d. to ha,vel' a. 1!!1ng1lil! PQ,int of ioi:rn., The po:d.tion. 6.hQi!IJldl·[be Q'd,'entedsQ 'th.el nat:II,l!1-.al. pgint. Qf a:I::m lIB dlrecUy' i~ the ] Or lini.. Small (;.hango:l!l in ·thi!l polln't of a.lm. ean be, ,a.tti!l c:tli'Q hn Ii ev\e,~,d wa y s , Sm.aU !hor iz.~~,tal ,cha1'1g.4f!:!;1

~a y be mad ii!l: by mg v'Jng the. :t 19'hit ·f,oQ't 'to 'n •. G r.ll!Cht. Q,~ l,eO,. V,e iii{ y ftn,a ~iL e,V'a.tlon !C h~n I!!;e III ~!el.iIl b II rna.d e witt;" bl'e~tb ;control.. ,Ma.jQ.t chani!l'~ii!i fibould; be made by l"eorl.;j;fit:Ln.r tne Efi!'l:fbe· 'IP.JQslUon or' 1',,!3adjl'usthl.l!!r the:

I8Ut:liI, f'Q.:r"ii1i ~ !l;!Wld i51 tQ~,~ o!i.ndi. butt. pIa t>e~ A Ii in. ~U ith;j;i ,~th E!il" :lj:u:;:J.$ ~.tiQniS ~ ~'ha.n S';Cl:l!l 8i.:n.d '8Jx:pe r.i;n:l. e;nt ii, IS h~\!Jld, b"rI!i eQ:qtiuet\ed carefully', and tne~r effe~t8 d'oi!id.'y not'ed:,,, LIQ"Q m,an.y chanK:erli! too o,it'en", !i::a.itli be V'~1"y

deb im,ental.

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r

.F.ii~ e '24';0 (Shootep 1);0

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,Figure ~6 •.

(Sh'ooter D.).

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,F 199:r:; e 2: 8.. (Shootc.l" ,A ),.

Fig'll.!" e :2 9'. (Shooter' D)" 36

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Fig'b1,1' ~I 3. 0" (Sh.o o't e r K) +

Stand:ing :p.o.9 irti Q11 (Shoot".e·r L). 3,,8

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CHAPTER VI

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A. . (l-ENERA.L, U yO'U compU.e a lis't .of the W.odd.!3 bel!;lt: fhr,E!I'I:!I position sno'otef'!S and! also one 0':(' tiI'L,e b,f:·.!:1·~ s.tan.'a1 ng s hQQote~'!;!. ycn"ll.· w~U nE.I'~'i't; e tlii at fhe na m e is" ~:nd" f Q!r t:h,e, moo EI t iP,a rt ~he oJ'd e 1" ,I 'of th>i2: two Ij. li ,8 t 8 wHl be :ad e:nti(l;al. ]1 th e l;" e i3J '["e' O!I.~.y t· !i!iHa loll!! e orii.s ~.:i,l:1it IS lin ,s. he o,'~:5.m ~ one wo'ulg) be that. '11 ma tc.he ~ :jJ;.'!I:'.(!: W on in "the srt i;li.ndin\E plo:si tion. U I GOQdi P r ODe. :and! kne e lhlg' :S CO l~ is:9 a,:r'G; mal ni y 3J, i'iii n~l!{:!n of po is i ti Q~ refInement; while ~~and:iins: i.a equally- depe·ndent upon .p(1sitioltl ~;I;ld t'e,cnnicp;u;!l.. Om:;::~.a. pel":5on. hat,;,

cLl;!iv d·op ~d a g O·04~3. p:r·o1tl.e <O:t" kne el i:ir!!g po ed ti on '!hi 9 'hold :ita !il.~a; r ren- I' :L:rng 3i.t1id hi s s cor e i 51 ,j3. fU!fIJ~ ti on. of hi s hold.. In E;I t;artdin8'~ po 8 kt! 0. J'iJ :r.' e·f1 n;e. M;e'nt tiS :p.e rh.a p S Q:Ql y 6 If)o/QI o:!f U'i! €I tota], p'l:"o hI e m, l1e:a; "I,I'ing a rnoajlij) 1

po f'tiOlil, ,t e 'C; Or:t1Ji;l:,em.t: :r,a tiQn; h''i.g g ere QoIlitir 0.1 f. a,:t:u:~ ·m.G~t.a 1 itlli:!i Ii:: i'p:Une ,.

l

B. In lb;uild.'i'il1~ a arable :EHtaliJdin,g PQ!SUiQTI.~ a ~·!hoote:t· fa,ce:s .ap'pr oxi.ma.hi: 1 '!;I"

9. 0 d il!l g f' e il:h!! . to the :t"igli1.'t ,(1:f the t~:r get ~.Figl!Ji l;' e :3],) ~ l-li:1;! f if.! {l,t a.r·'!!: ~ b Qu:t S hmt1.d e:'lt" width a p a,~ t (F i gu:r (!, '3:2. ).~ 'I"h,e s hootu it" ~ 8 f.e e t: aIr e hi.13 onli}' I!!'illP'P'Q.:t" t ~~ rea s • The']~ do r e ~ [h,e 8 h.DU.l,C. t.a l.;:.~. fu11 ad v~;~:i:: a.ge.: qi tb.e !;!·II,l!PPQl't ,that is ,aV'~i1able., Equal dhtri.buti.on of w!!i:iigh.t lis. d,esl.:t"able. 'but 'te~~:'t~ :pr'Q.ve that ntis is ~lm{):!I,~ int~Q5-' sible: to :tY.L-l.frH.aifi, M'Qs shioc)ter s., dep;e.nding upon the'il:' po,i!d.tio,n., 'wiU ha.ve 'slightly ~.O1"(: weig'ht on. one' of tbeb fGet tha:n thc.}-" will the uthe:r,. To pl.a·c!€mo<F'e' dl.an 6!ll, pGrcent of the :l!,'!Ji't?p~:rted w!Ii!igh·t rrn Q:Q-e fo,O't h l'liot. rreC:;:i[rmmf1inGiI2·d., A:lsQj' some ::5f11{Jo·te.'f.'!S find U~.8J.'~ their ,c:omf,ort.a.b'ie and. g'~~b1e ~OQ't pOfJ!'it-i'ons t.'C! be slightly h~:s ~ th!;1.'l !,!'lhould.er "'~lildt'ih (Figill!rG 33 ~., 'Oth!i::f' sboQ'tE!l".5l 'haVE! h.ad :fitjJl:li :l"e!:5u.lts, ",pith the fe.:et is.p:[[,'lead. wide' ap~:lit (Fif,f1ll1"t.':S 34 and 35 ),' The feet s.);10uld potnt @h'ai.g·ht ahead in ·rela..Hon to cody P,D 1;1 H.i. rm, Or!l..a '0 i" both f e '!:!It rna}' b!i.'! hit"r.J.e(H :!:11 ighU'y o'l.]'tw:a.;rd. 1~ih,.f;!I h~!~ Ei 8 h ou.Id. b if: ~ t:li j):i.l!l:h't.. Howe Vi:! '[' ,

t'tH~: ·k,n;e~· El !'l h.ouJ,d, no~ be 10 ckl!;! C, tight. .

L

c. FUNCTION OF T:HE BACK .BEND AND Bony 'TWIST"

1 '. Gen e :r,al P':r''l)V'i 8 ions ~ One. e the pi" n:p II;! r {a;IJ.:nlli.ati.oE. iI.:!i. c {li.n 8,'t rue be.d. the <c. ent'e r ,~;;:{ g,r- a "Vi ty of. ·~he.

rifl e = b,od':!, Ei ti"u,cfu f' e ·it.I:l1~.a t; b. e ·po.s it1. i',)l:1Ie:dj s. c ,!ii, is .1J: 0 ta.k e !yl:1 a.!!l:yant.a '1 e o-f 'it.. Thi!3 it,s arC rC,'i:;! mpH 8.h.G,c. tn:r OUf!fh th·e e fi'lploym~:nt of . h.iI;!! back bend. a.nd. bo(]l y fw:l!:I;;.t" ,(,Figur e s. 36 a.nd 31'}.. The: L'i ho·oter· pl.ac e 9 tbe 'dfl If! t,o.

'his shouIde··p mu zl,e elev,a'ted .abaut. 701 dS!:t:'~13, ~ng C,ccildl!l b.a;::kwSJ.:t:'d :at ·~h.e ws.i.E;lt, 'ke~p:ing the Legs

s1: r C! i f1j b:~. The:fi be twi:!i t:!5 tih,e: tor:3 Q £r 0 In:), the; 8 mall!. of hl is l!.J &c:l~ a:n.d low;e,'r S th,e 1 "i!:l-~ !!!In. b C'W' until :it c eneae l.s ·t h.e e id! E! nE' the 'bod V and the. r.i.fle: i.8 p.~i.:t1iti n~ :(!;.t '~he.. t.a r i!!re t. (Fi g'ULi'!a 38).. If. he ·p.r all' e'l,"'];Y ·n~~ntain.i3. hit 8

!be.nd ~n.dl t'l,\';.l;iflt. the! 'weight of th'ei 'I'·iiIG wil!l. £~,e[ ~ s tl!iQ1jJJg'h it Ls resti·ns; u]t!a.'D hi.s chest (F'igul'e 39).. 1'his. corn'bifi:a Han of ba e k l?e:nd and b~d y' twi 6.,'1; 1<51 ~he' rno I;! t i'mp ort a.nt Ie UU.r e (!if ,the! ~t,a.nalilir po a.U:!!' O'-IiI !

C 0 ~ s ide':f'a hi ~ di 8 c"t!'rnf~l' t. 1.:5 it orn:mon to tilhe 1 iL'Iidii;vitdu.al ~hiir!.~ a,1;! 8 iIJ!'m'!t s thl i!l p (1 81 tio.n the fi;r. ~t E@W tim.!!'::: is. It C&n '~ake· a s long ss a ~oTI.tb. o£ d!a:Hv pra,(:U,ce to' 15:~t'e:t'iig,t'he.n the H,1,u§!de:!;;l Qf th.!'!i body to. ,oo,mpe·ne.ate f.Q:t the fa,H_gil.l! if: ~ e :t'IIer a,ted 1 [!;'j the! a.r e,a.s nf !;I tl" ain.

,2". ~eh'ie'!;! ling ,s.. State 'Of. Ehlan;;::;:el:: . Th'!f!i aho'ote't'lls back ita bent b;,! the :ti8·ht: acnd rearward t(ll gain ibon!i!i !S'I~rp;~!i]U"'i!.. If the B hl[!j·ot<e 1" q_hifl<llib:1 S'~ 8J.nd is h: aight r. t'lH~ we i i!!l ht: Q! tn II;! riUc 'w,a·uld pulIL hi e 'bIl;H::ty flO hi13 left

'ff' (j·:nt. He· would e:;;p e:li" Le,n(; e e tr·ain. i.Iii. t hG. rn'U !S.cI Ii!: !!I, ,of' b&s. back in liI,rJ. e{foi"'t ·tOo k!!l ep 'hi s b~d!y b"o m. faJH:rng f'i;);rwa1"Q. '.By bt:Jfid:iin.g hack ~'nd to the :right;, he! shif·ts th.~ WGfi8'h.t of his bod,y' to the! right r'eal' of hI:!, fe·e:t .. ,A.t ~ Q e;r·t:a:ln p cd.. nt.!' th.e wiI;!;:ii.g hit of hi:5c b {) d y to fhe: 1'1 g'ht :Ii" e tal" of his f.e ill: t, li!I.quaJ:s t.'hoe w,eight 'Of th(i i"'HI'!2i .~ Q thlill 1,It:t:t fl.' o.:lr.Iit. The ~!Ll!dJ '1- r i fl e 8 t';rU! ctu.r e ~'hen r G a cn,E!i.i!!i a, i3 tat;e.: !iJf bal e:.;n'!;; e ~ with t'l~.E; <G e.':J:'Lt e·£, M .g J;" 8l '!lilly db··ecU y a bo,v0 ~ ·p~i:rii.t ib~t:W'e en the {e e1 (Fi gur e~, 3. 9~, 40 and 41 ),. The s h!!)Qte!~ ii EI Jr~li.iI!i v,~d of the: s't;r:;ll.1 U

iI;:(). the mU!i!,ch~ af thG b.a,ck tn,at ike.ep. his bQdy' tl"'om £!li.llinJ1i: tQ.w~n·()I th!i!i weig'ht 0.;£ the ·tifl.e ..

:3 ; Bo.dy= R:IJl e. Weight S'l'IlEp!5:n,"teld by. B 0'I'!i& St:it"1Il ctu.r. e ~ A.i!! &, :f'le E! IUl t 0:[ thj SJ b i~Lt:k 'be-nd a:nd hod"1 twi iSit ~ the w.eig.'hrt: ,of t:h~ dUe and tlpp!2it" tor':H) faU.:; upon th.e bO'i;!;E!'8 of the' ].'ow'e:J:" s.p'in:a..l c:o,h;llrn.n. Hip .a.nd leg bonels trans mit ,thh weigh~ lJl.ti.mate,ly 'N) the. f,e,ed!. I'nu.s the· we-ight of' th~ :rrit'.1e h al!mQetly CQrnpIe.U:ly. 8'!l,:p~ol"ted b~' bcme:s,. The ,only w(r~,.lc. l'equired of 'iboti:l!y m.iIl8~le!S is t,o 'k·egp th.iIl: hody i':I~1: a. at.a:r.l,·di·iIl.8 p08rure &1id pt",e~n~fit ii.i!: fro:m. E;i.wayin~ fl"o:m Us p'~hlt ,oi b.ab.nce .•

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CHAPTER VI

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A. . (l-ENERA.L, U yO'U compU.e a lis't .of the W.odd.!3 bel!;lt: fhr,E!I'I:!I position sno'otef'!S and! also one 0':(' tiI'L,e b,f:·.!:1·~ s.tan.'a1 ng s hQQote~'!;!. ycn"ll.· w~U nE.I'~'i't; e tlii at fhe na m e is" ~:nd" f Q!r t:h,e, moo EI t iP,a rt ~he oJ'd e 1" ,I 'of th>i2: two Ij. li ,8 t 8 wHl be :ad e:nti(l;al. ]1 th e l;" e i3J '["e' O!I.~.y t· !i!iHa loll!! e orii.s ~.:i,l:1it IS lin ,s. he o,'~:5.m ~ one wo'ulg) be that. '11 ma tc.he ~ :jJ;.'!I:'.(!: W on in "the srt i;li.ndin\E plo:si tion. U I GOQdi P r ODe. :and! kne e lhlg' :S CO l~ is:9 a,:r'G; mal ni y 3J, i'iii n~l!{:!n of po is i ti Q~ refInement; while ~~and:iins: i.a equally- depe·ndent upon .p(1sitioltl ~;I;ld t'e,cnnicp;u;!l.. Om:;::~.a. pel":5on. hat,;,

cLl;!iv d·op ~d a g O·04~3. p:r·o1tl.e <O:t" kne el i:ir!!g po ed ti on '!hi 9 'hold :ita !il.~a; r ren- I' :L:rng 3i.t1id hi s s cor e i 51 ,j3. fU!fIJ~ ti on. of hi s hold.. In E;I t;artdin8'~ po 8 kt! 0. J'iJ :r.' e·f1 n;e. M;e'nt tiS :p.e rh.a p S Q:Ql y 6 If)o/QI o:!f U'i! €I tota], p'l:"o hI e m, l1e:a; "I,I'ing a rnoajlij) 1

po f'tiOlil, ,t e 'C; Or:t1Ji;l:,em.t: :r,a tiQn; h''i.g g ere QoIlitir 0.1 f. a,:t:u:~ ·m.G~t.a 1 itlli:!i Ii:: i'p:Une ,.

l

B. In lb;uild.'i'il1~ a arable :EHtaliJdin,g PQ!SUiQTI.~ a ~·!hoote:t· fa,ce:s .ap'pr oxi.ma.hi: 1 '!;I"

9. 0 d il!l g f' e il:h!! . to the :t"igli1.'t ,(1:f the t~:r get ~.Figl!Ji l;' e :3],) ~ l-li:1;! f if.! {l,t a.r·'!!: ~ b Qu:t S hmt1.d e:'lt" width a p a,~ t (F i gu:r (!, '3:2. ).~ 'I"h,e s hootu it" ~ 8 f.e e t: aIr e hi.13 onli}' I!!'illP'P'Q.:t" t ~~ rea s • The']~ do r e ~ [h,e 8 h.DU.l,C. t.a l.;:.~. fu11 ad v~;~:i:: a.ge.: qi tb.e !;!·II,l!PPQl't ,that is ,aV'~i1able., Equal dhtri.buti.on of w!!i:iigh.t lis. d,esl.:t"able. 'but 'te~~:'t~ :pr'Q.ve that ntis is ~lm{):!I,~ int~Q5-' sible: to :tY.L-l.frH.aifi, M'Qs shioc)ter s., dep;e.nding upon the'il:' po,i!d.tio,n., 'wiU ha.ve 'slightly ~.O1"(: weig'ht on. one' of tbeb fGet tha:n thc.}-" will the uthe:r,. To pl.a·c!€mo<F'e' dl.an 6!ll, pGrcent of the :l!,'!Ji't?p~:rted w!Ii!igh·t rrn Q:Q-e fo,O't h l'liot. rreC:;:i[rmmf1inGiI2·d., A:lsQj' some ::5f11{Jo·te.'f.'!S find U~.8J.'~ their ,c:omf,ort.a.b'ie and. g'~~b1e ~OQ't pOfJ!'it-i'ons t.'C! be slightly h~:s ~ th!;1.'l !,!'lhould.er "'~lildt'ih (Figill!rG 33 ~., 'Oth!i::f' sboQ'tE!l".5l 'haVE! h.ad :fitjJl:li :l"e!:5u.lts, ",pith the fe.:et is.p:[[,'lead. wide' ap~:lit (Fif,f1ll1"t.':S 34 and 35 ),' The feet s.);10uld potnt @h'ai.g·ht ahead in ·rela..Hon to cody P,D 1;1 H.i. rm, Or!l..a '0 i" both f e '!:!It rna}' b!i.'! hit"r.J.e(H :!:11 ighU'y o'l.]'tw:a.;rd. 1~ih,.f;!I h~!~ Ei 8 h ou.Id. b if: ~ t:li j):i.l!l:h't.. Howe Vi:! '[' ,

t'tH~: ·k,n;e~· El !'l h.ouJ,d, no~ be 10 ckl!;! C, tight. .

L

c. FUNCTION OF T:HE BACK .BEND AND Bony 'TWIST"

1 '. Gen e :r,al P':r''l)V'i 8 ions ~ One. e the pi" n:p II;! r {a;IJ.:nlli.ati.oE. iI.:!i. c {li.n 8,'t rue be.d. the <c. ent'e r ,~;;:{ g,r- a "Vi ty of. ·~he.

rifl e = b,od':!, Ei ti"u,cfu f' e ·it.I:l1~.a t; b. e ·po.s it1. i',)l:1Ie:dj s. c ,!ii, is .1J: 0 ta.k e !yl:1 a.!!l:yant.a '1 e o-f 'it.. Thi!3 it,s arC rC,'i:;! mpH 8.h.G,c. tn:r OUf!fh th·e e fi'lploym~:nt of . h.iI;!! back bend. a.nd. bo(]l y fw:l!:I;;.t" ,(,Figur e s. 36 a.nd 31'}.. The: L'i ho·oter· pl.ac e 9 tbe 'dfl If! t,o.

'his shouIde··p mu zl,e elev,a'ted .abaut. 701 dS!:t:'~13, ~ng C,ccildl!l b.a;::kwSJ.:t:'d :at ·~h.e ws.i.E;lt, 'ke~p:ing the Legs

s1: r C! i f1j b:~. The:fi be twi:!i t:!5 tih,e: tor:3 Q £r 0 In:), the; 8 mall!. of hl is l!.J &c:l~ a:n.d low;e,'r S th,e 1 "i!:l-~ !!!In. b C'W' until :it c eneae l.s ·t h.e e id! E! nE' the 'bod V and the. r.i.fle: i.8 p.~i.:t1iti n~ :(!;.t '~he.. t.a r i!!re t. (Fi g'ULi'!a 38).. If. he ·p.r all' e'l,"'];Y ·n~~ntain.i3. hit 8

!be.nd ~n.dl t'l,\';.l;iflt. the! 'weight of th'ei 'I'·iiIG wil!l. £~,e[ ~ s tl!iQ1jJJg'h it Ls resti·ns; u]t!a.'D hi.s chest (F'igul'e 39).. 1'his. corn'bifi:a Han of ba e k l?e:nd and b~d y' twi 6.,'1; 1<51 ~he' rno I;! t i'mp ort a.nt Ie UU.r e (!if ,the! ~t,a.nalilir po a.U:!!' O'-IiI !

C 0 ~ s ide':f'a hi ~ di 8 c"t!'rnf~l' t. 1.:5 it orn:mon to tilhe 1 iL'Iidii;vitdu.al ~hiir!.~ a,1;! 8 iIJ!'m'!t s thl i!l p (1 81 tio.n the fi;r. ~t E@W tim.!!'::: is. It C&n '~ake· a s long ss a ~oTI.tb. o£ d!a:Hv pra,(:U,ce to' 15:~t'e:t'iig,t'he.n the H,1,u§!de:!;;l Qf th.!'!i body to. ,oo,mpe·ne.ate f.Q:t the fa,H_gil.l! if: ~ e :t'IIer a,ted 1 [!;'j the! a.r e,a.s nf !;I tl" ain.

,2". ~eh'ie'!;! ling ,s.. State 'Of. Ehlan;;::;:el:: . Th'!f!i aho'ote't'lls back ita bent b;,! the :ti8·ht: acnd rearward t(ll gain ibon!i!i !S'I~rp;~!i]U"'i!.. If the B hl[!j·ot<e 1" q_hifl<llib:1 S'~ 8J.nd is h: aight r. t'lH~ we i i!!l ht: Q! tn II;! riUc 'w,a·uld pulIL hi e 'bIl;H::ty flO hi13 left

'ff' (j·:nt. He· would e:;;p e:li" Le,n(; e e tr·ain. i.Iii. t hG. rn'U !S.cI Ii!: !!I, ,of' b&s. back in liI,rJ. e{foi"'t ·tOo k!!l ep 'hi s b~d!y b"o m. faJH:rng f'i;);rwa1"Q. '.By bt:Jfid:iin.g hack ~'nd to the :right;, he! shif·ts th.~ WGfi8'h.t of his bod,y' to the! right r'eal' of hI:!, fe·e:t .. ,A.t ~ Q e;r·t:a:ln p cd.. nt.!' th.e wiI;!;:ii.g hit of hi:5c b {) d y to fhe: 1'1 g'ht :Ii" e tal" of his f.e ill: t, li!I.quaJ:s t.'hoe w,eight 'Of th(i i"'HI'!2i .~ Q thlill 1,It:t:t fl.' o.:lr.Iit. The ~!Ll!dJ '1- r i fl e 8 t';rU! ctu.r e ~'hen r G a cn,E!i.i!!i a, i3 tat;e.: !iJf bal e:.;n'!;; e ~ with t'l~.E; <G e.':J:'Lt e·£, M .g J;" 8l '!lilly db··ecU y a bo,v0 ~ ·p~i:rii.t ib~t:W'e en the {e e1 (Fi gur e~, 3. 9~, 40 and 41 ),. The s h!!)Qte!~ ii EI Jr~li.iI!i v,~d of the: s't;r:;ll.1 U

iI;:(). the mU!i!,ch~ af thG b.a,ck tn,at ike.ep. his bQdy' tl"'om £!li.llinJ1i: tQ.w~n·()I th!i!i weig'ht 0.;£ the ·tifl.e ..

:3 ; Bo.dy= R:IJl e. Weight S'l'IlEp!5:n,"teld by. B 0'I'!i& St:it"1Il ctu.r. e ~ A.i!! &, :f'le E! IUl t 0:[ thj SJ b i~Lt:k 'be-nd a:nd hod"1 twi iSit ~ the w.eig.'hrt: ,of t:h~ dUe and tlpp!2it" tor':H) faU.:; upon th.e bO'i;!;E!'8 of the' ].'ow'e:J:" s.p'in:a..l c:o,h;llrn.n. Hip .a.nd leg bonels trans mit ,thh weigh~ lJl.ti.mate,ly 'N) the. f,e,ed!. I'nu.s the· we-ight of' th~ :rrit'.1e h al!mQetly CQrnpIe.U:ly. 8'!l,:p~ol"ted b~' bcme:s,. The ,only w(r~,.lc. l'equired of 'iboti:l!y m.iIl8~le!S is t,o 'k·egp th.iIl: hody i':I~1: a. at.a:r.l,·di·iIl.8 p08rure &1id pt",e~n~fit ii.i!: fro:m. E;i.wayin~ fl"o:m Us p'~hlt ,oi b.ab.nce .•

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1 l

F'il~'~ e 32. '(Sh~ot e. r B} ~ 4dJ

F..igu.:r e. sa,

(Sho.o.t;e r D ~ ... 41

Figur e ,34. (S ho,ot,c'l' L~. 42

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Figu.r c :3:5 '. ~:S:bo oil:e 1" K ~~ 43

(ShQ Olt erA.) .. ,44

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,Fiilf.¥':t" Ii!l :3 S ~ ~S\hQQte:r M~ .. 46

1.. The Upper' Arm. Tho ~hCl·oti!li' !'I!!! .left 'Up'pel' arm. t'f:8.t~ agains:t tbe h~ft rio ~age (Figure 42).

BuiPpo'l'ted b'Y thli!l 1"1 b i!i ~ thil!l! bone S! ,of the left '?l' ea..i' m fO'i'm a hI' :a.d<.e.~ th.at S'I,l'PP"[;,frt!9 the ·:rifle,. The· b1lJ.tt bOQ·}.;: ·'!,:md.,;r t:ne i"ig~t a:tmpit :~r:re'V,!tnt8 the :rifle from ;fal1ing fo:t,"wa,rd .from the we1s,'ht oJ the be.r;rel (F'~8ur'e. 4.3 )!~

Z. The: Elbow; If the: &hoot~l" lift ",4 hi.i9 lett ,elbow a wa y fr'O:£n hi s, lef·t s 1d.e~ he wOlllld be r I bolding! I the ;rifie.: up 'Wi,th the mU:9cle,!i· of hi,s ,le(U ,a.rm. !1ndi !ih01,;a.Ld~ll .. r.. He. e:a.n lower fi.il![l. '!!1iloQ'w to ;re·.lilt again!i:t t.he rib caS;& (F~8\4i'·. 44).. In i!:!I om,e e~,8 e!B tbe (!!lib.ow rna y lr est, 'OIlL th.;e hip borte. Tbu s·; the b IM:liO!i 'WiU proo'Vicll e .. maj Qr 'p'D,t'tion oJ the i!lUPPOI"t ,of th'fl 1"10. :fa']:" !ltim..

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3.. _The F ol'_iI;a.rm:· The 1 eft f;ol",ear m. th.i!o,t· "upp'o d:i5I 'the' :rifle i 8. nat- (tlornpletel" d,l!l:id... Bi'tit.l ike the bQdYIf thel left f,ore~a:rm, ean be pl.ac:ed in iii p'i;i!i~t Qf 'ibala:r.u~~e," If .th.6· muscle:&. '0..£ 'the: left 'ib.and. f'g.'Deti"o.n

'p'r operli',! ~ :U. ean b.e: neJd. &1: ,tlti!li P Qint Qf' bala..nc e "Wi thou:t, m'o;ving" c ,AI ii,,,,", li~,1t t':h,., bitu:ly, h. '0. e.:tl be h,e.ld i '[ij b ... l&n~" w1th .& vii!! r '1' I!l:U,ght" ,alma:1!I t l' e.lufildL! mu,s C''!l1,1aI;r t aDa ion. .It i I!!! .at t'hi E! '!p{;Ilint !'o}1 baiafi'C i!: :fka.~ t"h e .hoote.r .hQUUd. plae,e hi.l!l: 16ft forea:rm~ H'e ,~ho\'!,~rl a;v'Oid. ·u.i!i!l'ing the mUilcles, o.f,the left arm. to., st'!i!lil!l'i' th!l!!!i 'rUle iute the 10 - ring"

E. POSlTION OF 'I'H~ HEAD. The he.ad. iihoulidJ be in an 'u,pd,g'ht PO"UilOfi, with the eye:IB l(tjoking ll.tl"aig'ht f~'rw __ ;(t'd ,out of' the ,! o,c:ko.t:ll aM tb:r'Q'U,gh t'be s i:ght ~ (F; g'W!.r'e i9 45,j 46. 47- ,8,.'l1ld .4-:8) ,. if, t;h'e h e,ad. 'i i3 tUteal., the organ ,of ba:='ance" locat,ed in t'!b,e inn'~:t:' car i3>!!!n$e!a, that 'P&t't of' ,th;e body is tilted. e..nd auto~ mati'!ll:&ll y ,I!I Cin.de ,c.'g.t: !!J!~1~~1. to 'Il:; or:r'f1 d the imbal~:u(; e. . C on8equ"nU y, t'~e bod" expe 1" i ene e I!i a e Jig'lit liI:Nol~ma;l'1 sway~ In ol.'der ':to keep '!Hl.ii![I he'a.d el"E::~.'t~ it D'fI.&y b~ t:!!e~eS!~~'ry to ca.n't the riHiI!!;':8,. H[ow,eve:r., it . il ~ i!!i ill! e:Dtla! that iCbe an.gle ot c.a:nt r'., ~t,~ t,be !B ame f'g 1" ~a'ch !li! hot:~

.

,F ..

1. The. !iutt Hooiu The :butt hook B.·hould be Gom.fQr~ably u~dtn· the. l:"ilht a1"rnpi.t, p,re,venUng the ~Ulle i:r em pi Yo.dn,s ~·ol"wa.:rd fl',r,)m the. weight .of' t;1i~1 '~ii3.j;" re'l ~ TiDe ho ok '!I.:I!I! d!' opp ed ,to a. 1 eve.:l tni1-t w.ill bl':i:nr th;i!I ,!!j,toek 'IIJ.,-to, t'h.e l!I,hooi:er,i, fa-ee a~d the eye 'Win be: look.in.g na.tu;t:aUy thl"ot1i:g.h the sight (Fiiute ,t9) ~

l;~ Degre.e ,of Ten.!i:ton: Tb[!l!l ri.R'ht a.rm m~'y ·boe. IJUgh.tly tge"ed. or e,omplet;'cly t'"(!J.laX"i!'d. A. i,ew l,ll,o,otel'lI lift the a~m to i!ome de'S:l"e~, wM.r~a.EI Q~he;r,!S me.rely l.et; :it dro·p ~a.tul'a.ll.y to "hd.l' s1.d.jl;,~

3.. ,The Hkm! The :righ:t h.a.n!d should b,~ (HJ;'l'it!f'O,i"ta'ble a.'ftd u-'nder ne str,a.an Wha..t~D,rv.e:r',. It s"ilo.'ull.d p,:r.,o"Y.ld.fI a !i,~raight ·tr·igge;r pull tb.at i.1i!! d1.recU." i 11:} line wH_h the:: hoI" ti .of t'hll!! bar r el., The tl"igg tI 1" .fin.g;e r !!!!hOlUld no,t tpuch the ,1!I,tOlfl::k in I!iluch ,Q ma.1Jne'l" that p l' e:s :!ill r Ii!! ,e;ppu'l!!! d to the: 't :ri.g i,e::r al i!! 0' ,appHe i!1' p~ e,51 i3 'Ill" e to the iJt(H:ik (Fii.gurfJ: 50),.

G., FU:NCTION OF' THE P'ALM .R,.Fr;S 'r . Tne: pal.m. :t"rli st i:e u.. s' ed to b'dng the l' ifl~ !i tock 'I,;I,p t Q' the 1 evel

.of the fa(';e. .sOQ:1~ s.hgtote.llrl: ar,e able. t,o. accQmp.li~h th~,s wi:t'!b.out th.e; u8~of ,8:, :pellm, ;res't, ':they 8im.ply IJUpp~(rt tb..e ~lli1,e w:i th the left ,hand. Ot.he r'!E! U,I!I e ent y .3.. lll'ma11 1bl~ ck o£ wo,od O?"i,gul"c .5 1 .,. '!"he imp,o:r ~an~ point is: ,t'iba't the :c Ol"r f!!Ict po BiH~ of 'the, body is a B, B·umed. :and the ::r,Ulic la :£i tt~ d to thel bQd y., not~ the bo,d y to the l"i!1.1!!1 f: The palm re,1!I t tl!!! positi.i:).t!!e.d! en th,e he. el ,of 'tt" ha-OOcf. and the 1 e.f·t wri:1!! t 'til com! (rNa hi e.

'Thle 'ib e,erin'm:nl shQoief' willi f~nd tU:f: e 0-1" :t:'·.e'~U "I a~,J'!U E!,ti:ng the palm l" tl8t and 'buU hOQ!!!. :rna',/, p'1",ove ,t·o. bi!!! ,Q, PC''W'l.de1:'i1l1! t!i-ilk.. Pa.rt of. t:hii! dUnl!:,ulty a.ri:sel!l, be(:&;lI;1!i;:e bel dQeg, n'M yet !~knQ'W~1 hls POEl,Ut,on" He. has 'not u.sed the: 8,t&ndmg PQ~itl.g.l:!i e"n,o!!lgh to be :J.blli!: to. "eIlB,e w:ru;rr' c.ha:nges: 'in '!body 'poBt:u.~e.. C:onsfHi'Uen.tl.yr. 'b,e wlll not k'Q.Qw wh'et'het-' he ha,l!!I, a8~urnil!!!,flI 1;be IS,ij1I.·me pes'iUQn 'e-&cb ,th:ne he fi:re::lil.. AlB, ,a" result. f'Jt"trm

·tii'rl'~ ·to time it 'will a:pp'C'i!&:t:' that: tbe t'i!le~ is Dot" a.dju:stli;ld ..

1 • Genel",d;. The s'ra'fiding 'po Bi HQ.:r.I. ii!ll 1\@t. :H:mi:t:ed to anI:! point Q£ b~lan~!i;:: a.'t:iJd ~ 1'" Ii!: & of ,al'J't.l. N Qu'<:: e th~'t: thill:! 1II!'!bOlOil:C!1'" c.au m.(i,',,~ the ce;nte;r' of S'I"a''Vity 0,£ the 'bQd!y- :dn,e ,l!Itr'll,ctlllre 'illy a ,small mOVE~ment of thtl· left elbow and the l'Ule (Fi,I~re :5 Z)I~ He. can th.en m~e ~ IiIUght !I,hlft. lin ,the poet'l,li're Qf th.e ho.d)'" a.'lld ,!find a. new :Ii:i(dnt of bala:n"c e.. T.he l"i!l!.e wiU the~ p'Q.i;nt in a,. i!!,Ugntl y dUfe rent di;r eetiQn 'than :lit did :in :the fi;r.:9 t pobl-t=oi .. ,bala"D.ee POIII:ltt,Olli.. It ~'st !be ,empna,lIi,ze.d that the i!!!ihUt in the position can fic!'ve:!i:" ibe v,e;ry g;re.at~ or' th'e enUr,e. DOn,., e·u.ppo.;rt struc.tu'1"'tI will lose ihl e.~ffide.Hi::y. BiI,lI.t a s,'rnall §Ihift c:j!J.n afe-ly pi'>od]u.c:e lit I!J.:~U !I:;:haq e. i'la. the d;i,r'e(;:t~OD o.£: ,a,i'm if no :s't:r. al!t1. i:5 In(:l;i!.i'':t ed, in tbe h,od y,.

. .

41

---_.-

Fi~~i:".e .3-9.. (Shooter C~,. ,4\$

Fip.r,~ 40.. (S:hooter J)., 49

Figu:r,e 4, 1. ~ tsh,o(Jte:r K)., .50

Figu:r e -42,. (Shoot i;'r B,~. ,!H

Figl!.ll" e 4 3 ~ ~hOD,t ~ r B, ~ 52.

..

F.ig~,f' e 44.. (:Sh-o O't lPJ'r ,F) ~ 53

S4

l

"_

Fi.gUTr;!i 46., "~Sh.o6t6i' E}. 5.5.

(ShQote'r A,., 56

L

('Sho,ot,e':t" L,i" 57

~ I

~ShoQter F'). 59

(S'h~ot~r C:}. 60

Z..'N .. tul'"&l .Ar,e& 01_ Ab'n: 'l'h.e !!it&nd!iRg' 'PQllitton; then ... doerJ 11I'Ot. hav'e one ~tngle. point of .lIn that :l .. natu~al til!l th.e PQ·Iii'tl~ (Ft.gu-r,e iii 53, aDd 54) , Th.fil r eo Iii r,l::th'i!!Il" a.n .ar:'ea. of a 1m ':tot 1111 D.'tu:l'al (!I·f thllll p!!)lIition~ 'The .'b,cCI,t'efl' ·m~.'t §.djuilt hi. :rifi.e. p@,d!!litiordng and tb. plac:'em!l!l1il.t of hi~ fie·et .• :0. t.h&t when h,t! a.1I 8umeli· the po. 8li t:lion, tn. tar",1 fit i ~ wii.th:i n the :a.;r era of. ·llie. t'u:r al ai.m.. If he U !I,e II thill: .mu:! cl., to f oree the l"Ule. omo the u:r.,et whea the 'tar- oS et ill ;;:rut dd! e ot thl .a..r 6& of. ,aim., h'li!! thuilil d "f'iti atl!l tbe pri;nciple. adva~ .. tag i!j ;of thie ,(udt&oni

i, .ADV,ANO ED POSI,T.10N RoDIN EMEN,T'.

1.. Se.V''' r-I;~, YEI,ar Il &lgo the Uru. rule I: chang erl C:C:r10 e:rning shootini clo·thl;~;. Iits'!PAj QI' e.f£C:·ct on the IIhoo:t;fl:I":I!I ~oc&:mel e,vident when th .. y had t,o changel f':r.'omtheil" he.!;Ievy· 00 millimeter) .i!lnootlnsr coat to a Hlht ,( :2:.;, 5 rnillim.tre·l") coM. I:ru!!1 II car ei:llJ :f,mrne dia'tely i;l:r,oF'P,ed .a.M ha ViI!!I O'riJl:y r ee·i!ll'.!;tl y :tt"i" eD toO t,he:! I' :f,O:tm-et' l"'Vld •.

l. Why' Licht c.Qa~ S~.OI" e iI!i We:r~ .Lowe;?; In t'!h,e. he a.vy ,!:;,o;a.t "the Ii hoote:to .expi$lt"i!l!!lnc J!:d a. feel mg aJ' bei:i;J;i "!I!rtl'lopped in"11 to 'Iii ,!iltt!f,. well !luppo:rit'lng CO&.t. T'rans.misi!!ion of hea:tt'beiiit: w;a~ all but eUmin.a..t·ed .• In i!!I,tandl:nJ 'one could act-ually lea.n '!I.1P ara.i~t ~1i.e !C,o,!lll't: ~Hd let~ it I'edu,ce ,the .movement.. Not only did

the ,e·g~t ~'fldu,CIi th. h¢ld gr"-t\tl.yt. but it a.ho t.ended ,to. main.bd,D. ,the hold after th·.:; ".hOot: wa. iil'e.d ~au,8,ing iIl.D allnO.,'!!: ~!lal\lto.m.&1!:ic: follow th·1"'ou\ih., 1'1 m .. n th~, "ti,b:t b.ea.vy coat wa.s :replac.ed w.ith a. 1008.e1:y fittlng' thin. (:,oat., .. n ·of ·the lie i!;.dvanta.ge S we:te loat [.e a, ving t.'b.e II hoot.er ..vi t.h a p·o,orer ho.ld,. a m.ol'·e un8'U,b[ ii![I' f'eUow :t:hl'oOugh. ,ii.ndl m:g,on a.~!,et"f' O've·:!:.' ·his. drop i;n.':i.(:OI!'~:iIi'i Si:n.c·.: ,ou.r :fi .. r·I!J't ex:pooilure ,to th.h, p:robllifl·m" many' r-emedieil ba.vlfI beil;fi ·trl!i!i·di, and ,e;l:tnQugh~we'"a~le cCo'atinu~Dg til:li r·te.fi::n.e O\:il:t!' knowl,edlffll in tbdi. •. Iilfr",e.a~

~ .r e:!I!Il~ we -dig. 'haVCl ,a; ~me '!Ail ewl hint.! .fol' ,the !pl"!!i vi.QUll Y :t'!L'if!I,lJlil! (:·t!i!i·d li,g brt. r:;; ~liLt i!i!I h.o olt,e ir ..

3·. B·e·c·a.uli!I'e ~h'8IJe ni8rw,develQpmel:l:t!J ,~:re ·InOIBt 1i;:f·iUc::al in the ~t.a.,'lldh'i;i ~o,,·~.U{;l~, we "win eeDte;r' our dh,cU~H,i.o'D. b!elre. The majo::r pl".Q.blem ~:1\ 'Ulht (iiO&t '~hootlfil i.s i.:mpl"Qvil!1 th.e bold by dec:re.,a..8ing the: body m,o,,",e~e.'Dt by mean. Q't·h.r- 'than coM Bupport. .• · The only way thi.1I Clan be d,o,nf! 3.!!!i by 1'·.f'ini:nR· the· po.tUilm, iD the light ,of 1.',educec 8UPJ,Q'i't bom ·nte coat" ~ternal ;r·lfie. adjullbne.ntilill a.:re .,0 mu·cn a. function .of trd!:v!d\:1d b,Qd!y confo.rmati;::m th~'~ 'a iluijpe'itio'n in th:lll a.rea ill ~ Hkely to be me:a.'Dli.na:1e:e,i!I to

mo st l!I,ho·Qte l"'-! <Ii H<Q,WfIIV!i!!I r il' oi;;;!~e ~~$IIlI,t~nt~ tr,~n~ "ha i!!Il ,I hOlwn up .il.MO't'IIl many D·f 1lh.!i!I i!eQ.:!t Ug'iIlt C Qat ili!It;!1.Ii;~Ii;H;~g

!!!I boote 'r is.. Tke: 'rUle iii ,adjuillltc.dI .I!!IJIO thai!;; the palm re ~t i iii near ellr ,t:be trii!!:'ge':r gu.ard! and the i!!Iito(:k I i!!I, 'longer ~ T,g!iI put ~ 'iI:'h'i!I und·i!!I: cliO i!!IJ i!i 1" t;ol,etbie:£' ~ ':r,'edlllJlli;:b'lg the t;flnd;~ey t'e, mak~ c.o:!' r'B·eti on,!!!l w:lt'h the hand. a:nd a.~ milh Tlbe. long IIt>Q,c;:k~ iCi:r'!!I at-Cd ,'by l$!ilgtb.~ning the' bu,·t't. pchd e ~ alB (I; gi:ve i!!I the ,i!!I hootc.l"" ,a. b JII:tt Ji!ll" hand

P C>1Ii'tion to C ontr 01 the~ t:f iller (Figur e 5,.S )I~ "

4';0 We·' M.ve: t,olll.nd tha.t the on ~y we.y to. l."edule.~ "mov'ement without n.l.vini to :r..ly ·c'n. the ja.cki!!l! 1.iI by str ,etcl1ilns; ·th. mii.11 cle Iii, .,. It:i.. b ell it t~o II: tTl e;b::h "a, mu,!1 (!ile QnJ y en-ou';Ii"h ·tOo r. e.Blt~iet it B mOVti!ime.int. 'I' 0.0 mu,e.n ten~ io-n ¢a:u.~ ell' .P"" lnl; - too Uftl'li!I t@;n!;!io~ inwte ~ii!.y,ol ,.~;nta:r'y :mo~me.'l'lit. 'One wa 'Y' t(ll do tilts i Ii by twi,,·ti 'Eli; the.· mUiII c.le; tl'"J:e:r'ci.~;y ,C·ll)t!jiB tr'ieHng i·it:iI mC>"lle:ment,,· We have he ~n d o!nl thl.8 {·Of.' ma,n"f y;ea l" ~ kne,eling 'by VQl"ni:n1 the le~t· t,o e, tewa :t"d. th.tI :iI:"1,i!ht ltne,. j t.'h~ a twi,1'! it§! the mll.'ll!l c'1 e·1 hI: ,t.he. 1 eft l.eg. n~Uil

r edu.·dn..g :meveme nt~ In stand'i'L1I, W~ a.re dging. th.e ii, a:me ,thin.g when. we twist th.,r;· upper ·ibo.d!y at the back which Ibelplii to imn."J.'DbUize t'il'll Bplnel 'to. ':reduee sway'. By ·rul"nin .. g t'!h<fj up'pe:t" :body to: tb:e left the upper thigh m:U.i!!I.(';li!J", f!!'$pe·e:i.dly o,f: the :rigbf leg", '!b e. come: :dr~t~h.ed:~. t!h,e'refo~e, t'h·~ mol"~ yQUi turn ·to ·the l~ft in 'relation to 't'~e plac.e.ment of th~ r.e'!i!!lt, lfn'f,I mg,rE!' te'lniiie:rL the: 'U1'li!!:'hi!!l are. u-ndeF. At a .aptlc:Hic pO'iiDt B ome.,wh·e r'e, in thl i!!I, mo.VfI:metlitiJ' thel told is ·the.! Ii mall e s,t.. Thi,!! l If!! whe:t' .. thii!l: :8hoot,f,i r i!lt;op!l a;~q, U·g1 ell! 'thi s' p Qsi tion flOr' mq~mum -cont:r ilil .•

S • The:~ eft ellJ)r.)W i ~ pIa,!;;:: ",d u:nd,e'r the 'I' in~ anowing thii!l ,i!i,r m t.o· 'b e (; (:rm'l!i 1110 eke d I! ·be.tweeln the w"Cil'bt of the :rifle ',el-tl.d! t'he hi-p. ''Wh(tn thl~ :1i1 don,e~ the left: ~:r'm ~nd ha.nd can be 'l"eilaxecl! and do not

I.o i" c e-iu.ll y nQld 'up t'ib e rUle.. One· "hQuht I' I~m.emb e 1" t·hat to, 1" e1 ax a, mu I!I ,ct tI n'D't in U:i!I·!i!i II!! '!i!i:1'"ve~ the $ aTI'}'e PUI'PO.f!lC a..1! .lIIt:t"etchin.1 ODe ·tbat :ls' bili!blM u;I!I,edi •. "'C:o~.trol il.e rnaiuil:a-i.-neCl!.

6,,. By l~a,Dinl fOI~~~rd. ,~ bit !Jt the ilho'!.1bll e r ~ J "tbe l"ls.'htbtalf. of the ba.c k b~c c·rne·" IItr etc bed. One. e thh a 1"e& ,hi Ie!·tit""tehedt the eh~n'(; e: oif h.a.'ving a. :!!'h'Dt 'a: rap low' by' til! :n!;l.i~.g the 'baCl'k mUiI cle .. 'i Iii g·r·ea.U y :r.~\1c:.ed. Many of il1le be.!it lII'ta,ndi:ln,g l!I;hDot~rB lean thei:r hea.d'e £e~'wa.:rd! a 'ibit on :the !ll!tO;e'!l~. (Ffg'll.:t"e 50)., Tid.i!iiI i!i!l e I' ~ 8. t.o l(llck ·U:l6. h~ad ·a.t a p·o!nt (',in th e 8. t,o ck~ One should rtot tU t thtl head f'r'om l!I·id·., to e id.e, h,oweve':r j' &18 P0:fil :li.tl..on ba.li[i!::t!!c,e maybe no 81: ,.

7.. On.c.e the position Jii;lI stable. ij:'be :~lI'roblem o.:r foUow thl"ough. c:a.n be i!Lua,c'k~d. Sin;ce the 11.lht CO.il,t dlJ,.,rJ not aid in. :follow thrOlll,gh. the a'hQO't<e·t mUilt cQDtlnue to 'hold 'through the ·1"e.c.{1Iil. Thlii!l 1.111; no-t Z'j,ew to m.~u,t ,sbo.o.te.r:ll, hut if' aU 0.,1 'lour sh.oeting ha.!! been in. t,h~ hoavy coa.t, U: hi di[]U.b~fur"if you. have

,eV'fi l" .• x.p e r.le:ru: ,ed! tru e £'ellow fhl:" !)ugh. It: i EI· .a chi.e.v eel! tnl" otlg.'h (l;oOn(: ~'it'ii:tl"a ti on. a.·nel ill ut.Q~tiQn Qf. t e chnlq"Uctl • 61.

t

,

.. I

62.

".

(ShQ,oter .1'). 63

64

Figur.e 55,

(~lh,oQt,e r B) ~ 6.;

.s ~ Techniq,g,e ,SiLu'tom:ation, h fh~ a.ct of C QmpleU:ng ,a, P,OI":tir;;m of the act o:f firing wi t:hout ha.'ving to CQl'lB,i;;.d,'QQ,lIl y think ~ bout ,tt': i Tih •. 'ibegifl_]'ljn~r sb.,oot e I' m'ii I!i, t th'i,nk about. br Oil. t'hing j' Idiht picti;il" e '" and ,follow thE' ou~h in. Ol"c1J e:r to, a ctua:n y exeeu,t'e t'i'1I,e m, T11I'i!lI liiixperi,ene ecl! l!I,hooit!l!!l r d.Q e B n@t ae ti V til 11. "I 'thli,'rlk ,~bOUlt .1;1 i,gM a.Jl.ign!m.~fit;", $light pi ctu:r e:~ td,g gel" e Qifitl"ol, p,o e"itiorJ.:i' br'ea,thinr.!' Q.:l;" eve:~ ,fonow '!!;hrQug·D.. Th.ClY. come

- .

. 'n~;m;r'aU y ":p@n :irequii!I';I!i't a-nd hi!;l mind 1.8 !:re,e to p.!i!i 1'1", II; t hl!fJ e ene entl";:i u'on it'h·e r IE: by ali,d:ii'fii .all (},f th,e a. cH:rve~

Most; h!i!lill'vy CQat: shooters 'Win find. th4!ly win have to concentrate D;~!; fOollow' t'lbrc<\li!:h at: :first \Utti! it

beee m,.e Ii! a'!Jl1lio.matic ..

'9; /L.~~n y,.. t:h.el" te, :i I the, PI' (iibl>firn of' 'P.'E10,;r-·· l1li !CO'l" e,:!!.. ,The light: i!:! oa t ha,i!] ib>tl en '~~e' d,·!:)wnfali of many flo.od ~hQQtel;ru, beCI\UB,j!1: 'tney' could! fi'Ot e,ope 'with tu added: 'h,atd!lhip. 'Yl'hi!f.L theh hold. d~t.l"ioir'a.'ted, so.

did] their ceae eDtr .'H Olli and ~l1ootlD!!r llb.eIQI~me wu. rli: 'itls t1eadl lot f'UH-!J ..

1,0. To th$ ~hamp'i Oil.. Ii be m1nJ. i![l, (: ot:!!,e ti!1!-nt p,ain and W(J rk~ If hoe. ill nQ,:t, wo:rkinl!l' ha.l"d t!ino.~S11, to . aehe, h~ ~II not l"el::,~hlng bbJ full t:H),tentia,l and] he ''Wi'll ~:I:mply not be ·able ti) win .. , Th;i" denlirrt; lim ampH£iii!ld with U\te light." co,a.t and ih~,t iii, wbiy. the. II _urn:.L.: peoJ),lie tna.,t were Wlittfilng in, the 'hi,ea v.y' C oat:§l 'Mil wi'fI. in, light ones. Th(l te.~l1Lt!iiqueEil' d!h'Cjui!I:i!I.ed l"u!'I"e :e:te' Dot meant ,ito repla~el onl'y "thall!,tIi that have been

'P r. e vi,o.;us.ly sta.tedJ", but "to a.:mpUly' Uu;!min U,iJ'ht, i:!'ftbe Q ona ta'nUy . eMnlil'll,; ~bQotm;. ~ri r. onment;

,

'.

J'. USiNO THE STA.N'DARD ,RIF.LE.

1 GC!rn.eral Provi.Biqrti!a The pgdtions sho'Wfi on. ',l"Ii!!fviQ\UiI,'page,j! a.rfl 1]O't: ¢.nan.ge,d when I!!!'ho'ot:i~g

I • I -... .

vrith ,s,.. PlIt,a.,nd:ard, :r-'iflie;,. 'I'}~:1!l! §I't~nd.'ii-rd rift EI i i!I. h!' Oiil!dl Y' d! efined a:!l a :,tl":aignt iii tiC ek :t:" lfl,t!', wUhQul Eli. lUli@ok

'butt o:t" palm re~t. However, th!ili ,gF.eateB.t 'CiUt'e: mlliut b .. ta'kJi![ID to, meet the: ·:t"eq,'QiremetVt,i fJ.It the basi.c Ii ta.'llIdml po,EI.i11i O'1li~

z ,Regulll"iI!)!im.enh,: .E'll the: standing poe Ulo(D" tilt:; III! ~O(!;k w{U ilil'ne:raUy rc. e ph:,c.e;d Y·I!!I l-Y hi.g'h h::il th.m i!i:h01l1,d",;'= a:ml ~h;e right arm wUl '~e 'rai!led someWha.t. The g,~ip of the :ralht ha.nd 'Wiill be ilrm (,Figu'l",e

56)., - .

,

3 ~ S\!I;:PP ~,;r'tins itifi Cli wi. th the 'L,eft Ha.nd,~· ThJt:l r e a.~,e 51 e've.r.!M mJl!lthod,a Qt i!1!l'~pp'OI' Ung Ht., ~ta.l':nda rd, rifle wit,b 'the 1 ef'~ hand,~

,a~ ,Pl",o,ba.bh y th~ be e.t exp edl.ent 11 to d,wiblle tbJe fb t (]fIt 8Ul" e 68, .. - A'netbe:r.' med'lLod ii!ii t I;!I' pla.e e the :rHl i!I' in the f'IQ'rk 01 the 1nd tl'X a.nd :rcid:dl e £'i'ng,e:t" II fFigui' e;!ili S 6 ri!l.:rid

. ,

b~

51).,.

e ~ S. Qme .hli}ot~l''' sUPP"[;;I>l:,t the 'rHhe on. the finger Up. Ii! • Thill til 'iIlIot td~an '"e,ea'l1s Eli th~1:" ii!I a:r e t g (I; ma:~y' ,j oi'nti! involved! :a~ U· e.ny !Onei of i:h.iI,; f'i:fiig'iii r,:$I ~,Qv-e i5! the· ho1,d ciowd be .dhiu:r.bed;,

, '

L,

..

, .

Figur.e !!Ii 6.

(Shooter D~.

Flill:'IJ..~e 51. (·S.l:HN)t~:r ,9). 6,8

Figure S8,.

.(Sh~'ot~·f' B)., 6.,9

(Sho Q't e 1" 13 J '. 70

Figure 60. ..

CHAPTER vn

"THE KNEELING POSlTION

,J;;. ,. GENERA L,. P':r,oba,bl,~ 'the: mO EI,t if:'1'i':(:iio'i"ta.n,t ei!l:itaJig~ in tne; t' eiCefit ,evolution !(lit i!ll~;e'1"n.:atiofia 1. pc !!:i ti,o:I!! sho,otin,g is 'taking 'pbce: in. the' ~t:r1;,J.,o::;:hl,';re Qi' thel k:n,e:elit~i!!:' 'po~i,titt:n ..

A feW' O'iiJ!t :!j,1:3.:ru1ing she Qte :r, is a:r. e l',LOW ~hoQil;i,'f;!;g fIJ'CQ r;e, a, in the ]meeling po s1 tlQ'!!;!i that ,~re: meeUng the I!iltanil"a ~ d that i 8, ftilit, by rnO at authe r U:h~:!! a a a pp:t"{),a,,;ehbll,g the a, til: a i.1l a bl.e p;otenttaJ., 1'h~ menta li ba r l'le r ,of gnoa,tins pe :r:fe ct Q 1" ne,a 1~ 'FE!! :ri'ei et i5i'C Q;;r e is! in the: kn~ i!: nin~r PQ eiti;i;;i:fi h~, I!i, C,ji'~'bl~d" Sh~ot~~ ~ a 1" '!I 'b iI!i gi:n.ning to el!':p!t!i !tit; the,h' 'kn,ee1in S; :! C,O'I' e is tQ be we ry n.e:j!ii.'l" if: :nodl'! equal 'tJo the l:r. 'p~ Q:n,e !9i'C'O:t:' e' i!i., The 0,1<1 g,o:a liS '£0 r l'aies'Hfig ScOr'~S wtl:t"~ pl!"og'1"~:!:!iivel],'Y :8>E!rt at ~801, 't'~en, 385. jaTI,d latel'l;; 190" Shooter!!, are ':noW' '5I'b':tvi~ {OT'

:3 9.5 {):t" be't-hl~ r.' s e o':!t"e:., Of eouI" f! e r we'a.t'hie r c,ondi:t1o:rl E!, a.r"B im po rta.;nt. Cion_,e hdii!::TIa tion's in e ~~~ ~li 1;I,'ihin,g ,1;1., goal.

EL VERsrO'NS OF .THE KNEELING POSITION. At ~'!ke p:relse:nit 'lime~ t'h-e :bop ma.l"kirme,n of, 'th'e WQ'dcl: a :r'el U f! i;rJ,g the ,!Q;rWil;,';rd kne ,alLng ?D ai tiQIli,i!' o'r ,8 '~liirne t-nod!iJi !t:,a,ti,on 0;£ t'h,e fo I'Wa l"!ii, po i!I:i.tion,~

1. ,Th.e Ei'e,~t P~i!Io:E;~l{)'ifi: The Qld i3,chool maJn1:aJus tha,t, the ':dSh1± h.t;!id :and the knE!'eling :rQll ,!ilho,'uld !iI:lI,l,p~l"t a.t i-e,a,I;!,t i?0% of diG: w~ig.ht of ,th~ tor-s,o,. In thili51 me~bod,i!' tl~.'e spine ls eree,iI:: ,~:fld! .~,e he:a.d upl"'ig'ht. The left f'QQt f!,'l.'lfP'PO,lt"1.:9 abeut '1 S to 2;0"*, o.f the FeIDa.ii;!t!il~g wii:!d,ght" :and! "thli!l, right knee :no ~O'I",t: thia:n 10% (Figu r,e sn,

2.. Tn1!: Fo'rw,;3,I:rd .Positi.on,,: .In tl'ii,e 'fiL,ewoeI" POd!i.:!l'tiOfi", with. which fttan'Y' of the .shoQil:ers a.::r,e having e:K.c,elle~t, re5'IJlh ~ ,th~ left, iQoot, f"'I.1.PPQ:r'~!i 'the: m~jQ:d'~ of, th,'ei weight. ThiEl bo-d!y' lea~,~ !Ql"wa:rd with. iiJ!. p'l"O'noriJ,i:!E!!.'e~d. al!ii£-t of the 'We light: 'IYnto the Ie tt kne e (Fil;gu.'t-',e <6 i ~ ,.

c. nSE OF "I HE K HE J!: LlN'O It O,LL~ In '~i 'b':h,l;!j;r va r i;a ti,on 'D'.f th:~ PO'II!! :LtJOfi", haweve!'", thel"~ a rite at'DEOiO]'). £uIiia.am,enta],s '1:0 be @ b ~ e. r ved, It 118 a i::re ed fha t the :~n.e e ling ':1"'0,11 shollilld b~: U 8ed' (Fl gure b S) , Th~: be st in~e l":n_8I. Uo,na.l s]iQ,jJIte r s cd the world! dQ not !5li t o~ 'ibhe ~,ide: Qf the ,£'o ~t .. · The S!fi!ile'cU,o:tl, of a. ?Qll i ~ Ie ft to the ifidi.viD.'ti-a,.l~ . Na.tu :r-:a1l1y it m.'ti l!!I:t e OtiitiWi :r:m, ,to tPie' I!! ll,Ze :!I,pe cif:li.(i,a, t:Lo~ 8 a is s e't l!C!'l;"t'b '!by t.h,e r,SU., .A 'lea t'h er o r Ci~nVi;li 8, 1bi;l g C QntabuELg Band!, a~ wd.U,8t~ '~I" r,a"g:9 ;5 e erns to be the be'i!I,t" I'l'iI,e; 1"oU i3.'b,(lIuld £t,t the com'o r,~ m:;ti!;ii.OiI'!! of t':h.e In s. tep Cfig1Ur'G 64}., V !!;!"r La ti;on!1! "in ~'hi cl\l:tiG S 51 will d~pt:'[!;d! O!ll! l!ibiQt:ilt;e 1" pl"efel'"ii!:;nc: t: ~ Tnt!: T":i!.gh t f'il)ot, whe:il:li vi,ewed from. th'e 'l"ea.'l", h, pe'l"'pencl!£oc,'lJla.:r to 'il.:he g:roound! :i:f!!{1 'ibhE!1 he~l. iEl' !C:e'nt:el;r"'ed at t'h;E;!1 'ibi;l!.i5!oi;!i Qf t'h:!2i ~p:iI!l,!i!i (Figur ~ 65) ~ A 'newer ~hQotG'r' 'will :f':r Ii!I q:ucn,t],y ha v~ dUf;icul'ty wl,.;en fi:r:!t 'til :!i!ll 8i t.btil!i po siUofi,,,

T'!h'ei 'dig'ht 'k;n;e~ ~ arikli'9:t ,0 ~ :f,o'ot:wHli be u:nc,omf·!;!'"tta ble ~ :l31Ut:a 8, in the oth.!i:!i:lt 'po si1tion I!b 'b'a ilning 'Will Co'l'idh t11o~ the body te ,a,c C eipt, 'the new' f!:t~'a.jj,:n S iSHii, int tel dueed ~ A 1!5! Q,~ 19;'o soenini!!!:' t'h.,e l:a c!!i EI, ;t:nO! ~h.~ right: b 0 crt wU.1

:If' e he,a, 8,e' fliQme 'Of ,the 'i~r!!;: fi: 5ur el O'ZlI 'thel in. a:t-ep.,

.D. , I'ne:r tgll;t kn.e,e lIS, 'U a,ed 'to !~P!J(F?Pg.I"~ '@'Dly ,!i!" ~:girn,~, of. w~i.g'l!i,t in

It'itfie'r .of'the a.,e,ee'pted 'PO,I!ii:t.iQfil!i. 'The ':efi,glc: of 'the riiJb't .i!~~~ {:r,om. t'!l-..'e lii'!!:lie. I!l:t[ .€:l're' wUl ~ppl",o(Kbna,t,e .a va,:ria.i;!,~,E!i of ]be tt:we en 1. Q ,to 6 ij de ,gr'l!)!j iE!' e, (Figur!ii! e, 6;6; a.nd Q 7)., I'~ tl1.iI!i f,tI,rV;t,EI, r d po $i"tio,n the Ie g w11.1 fo,:rom e, ama llloe l" <'!.ngl,e and 'the ibodly 'WtLl fa ee mQ'1:" e towa rd the ta r get t'im:n. in ,the e 1:" e c't po,si tio!n. ..

E.. POiSlTION OF "[' Ii t LEF T LEu., Th,e le&t fo~:tt i11!i1 ~ppr o.'Xi.m.&'te:ly pa. ':r-a:l.1,e;l 'tJo t'ib.e in ahle Qi' 'the left thigll (,Figu~ e' 6-8,). 11 th>e rifle is po:inte d t\Q thea d i!lrht Q:r len CI·f t'b!a ta'I" gGt th~ :I!Ifl.o ole r I!!,ih.ou'il.d, not mt'!ive ~l'iI1Y' the lieft :£'0 Olt~ hut l'nlOlVe ,the: !e::nti:r';e ibo,dy" :h~ it s a 8, ii,!.'tl1'\e d pCi' a.:i:t.i Oin, ,:;I., s: 'thQ'!lJgh ,th~ ~h.Q Qting' ~ t WG r'c

1" etta. t e,d.. F {)';r' is i@me ,s nc}@h::'irs, ru m:ing thiEi l-eE't:~ tOil!! ]:n,wa r.,d hllw~:r.d '~he dghtl 'kne e' wUl I ~1:Q cki I the knele and 'l"educ~' left to d ght rnQVEfn"'le'f!!~, of th,1E! ~ ffi;e., The li~ff:; a.rikli,e :and '8hiT:!! 'ibO:ii:l'ti £0: r.m, ;3,\ sil:ra,ii,~h.t V'\e 1"ti{; a.l S'!iJlP~1"1: ('Fl SU,1" e,. 6(9)"

F • POSITION' OF THE :BA C K" T'h.~ po a itiofi. of ,the ba,ek :g e e:m I!j, ,tlo, ph Y a_,:t'Ii im'1;ml"ta.:nil: pa.'it"t 'in a Hai:nil1,g ,a, g'{) o,d 'hold, l' he tCq;" 500 sho·u.ld !be' PQ:si t~o:n'ed ,!;j 0' 'tha:t :nl.axi.TiC'.i,u:[["tl ~t:a. biUty 'Win be d.e'l"li'ved. from the, a'll'PP'O l"e. .a 1" e 1;1. s,. In fl:l~ ,~1:' G oCt po i;j,ition t'l!i,Pi!i "ba ck. i 8, po :91m,li,P 6 d :9,0 'tl1.a:t the weli,g'ht 1,!! i!lupp;iJ :r-'tJe d hY' ,the :r oiL In the

:£Q :rw.!ii,:rd po::: itio:tl;; t'h'e le£'t :if'o Q 1;, a ~t>5 a ,8 t.he u.nd~;r ,:;;It,l"'1!l~ m~ e fo~' 'the tt;l<[" so whicn "1 S l.'~.ane d! we lLl fM:!Wa. I'd O''lE!:l'" 'the :ie:£t ].;::n.e'e. I'n ne ithe:l" ea. 6 e i 6 i!;he 5~:tle tUte d to th;e left 'O'~ ~ ig'ht oJ tb,oEi v@rti,e;a][ a i!i t'hli:5 'wi1ll r e l!,uH.: i.!t'Ii a.l'!, 'un !5.'te,a.c.Y' po, 81 Hon. ~'F'i g'IUr'G '10).

fShoo1!:e l'" L).

,.

Figure 6; 2 '"

I,~IL. ;I!,. H~

1\ "'-'IJI0 Q'l,e::r' I ~

Figu.r G 6 1. Kn'B t\ 1ifi.~ R oliL.,

Fi.gu!" I';! 6·4., Pla·~~m·t:;nt.of ·th.s kfi.'~'e ling :to Il., 76

G., THE HEAD. "[h,e head, in relation to tnG' body, sbou d be e e ct c..:r- Ieaned fOTw,ar.d

Alig-hUy': not to fhe extejjt~ nOi .... ·1Jj"rel·,Ii that. the eye wUl ibe lQokii1,~ through the UI,ppel" Ud Q~" bJ;"Q'w, . o r t'b.at 'the rie {; k 'Vlilli b!2i c goInG C. ra:m pe d . Fi gur e s 71 and '7 Z ~. Pr ope r E!I'yll;! I"E! lief !;I h culd be :tl1,a 1 n:lhd .. ned, Thil!!: he ad should not be Ie a ne·dj too th,e d g,t'l:~ eo be pIa. c e d on tng, stQ c'k:" T be he a"d~, lik e ~he spine I =:fhould bG 'VIE! l'U - cl;i.lly {Fig\ll~e 1'2l. Th·e:ri le may be c~ tilted", 1£ nee€! 8 ~al"y ',0 bring f e st.~ck so tlil.a.t. the props!' {!!.imii.L,g 'techni,qu'es may be p'll::do,rrnsd ..

11, FU NC "II ON .oF MoO OK BUT T PLAT"; The h!l}ok 'butf: pla t'e f s: iil sed t'o ehe ~~tG'iIl t that 'ita. ~ 6i f!:t! S ln ·the pr oper p.h"rce:rn,e,nt of' the :rilfle into the ahoulde r , n a lse ena bl·e~ the :st,oedlc _'t;o bE! l'a.ia;,e,d up te mee't th·e

fa ee whHe-Ointi:t.mi:ng to gi ..... E!, ma.:!d.mum :rifle. = sho.uldel· c::arn-tac,t (Figu.J!'e 7:)). FQr n1.anv m~f'k::1rn"lJJ, t,nG ~t;o.:;;:k ie eQmewh.a't snol"bf:lt" fo.·:it, kn.!l!li81:i;n,g than it. 15 fOoT' prone.

1., The sll.oo'ltinl!; jacket may be fa.stiEmed o~ l~ft open ln the .front ..

The la.tte.r. m,~thod a.UOW6 £Q:r :I1'r'ee-1' e.,:;::pansilojj, of the ch.~!;It all,d !'J:tQffil1ll-ch while ibreatn!ng. It may' be

fa 8te-ned l~,ose[y only to hold 'thiS j~ck~t in pl~ce,. Hewevez , 'iby elec'M.Ifj~ to fa stifirti th'B jiill-'c:ket S!!;!(;:,'I.]':ri!!:ly~

a ehoote:r :r.crl ght i,e e li t:ha. t he 'ha s a moO r Gil s;p lLid i po d Ho'fJ" .In th e fo r wa ,:td po si Ha.n the bottom button ~;!:'!!d! th e be 11: o.f the p";3. fi:!: a m,B. y havl1I to 'b e 100 0 s ene d in 0 II de r to k,' P fr om pu tUn.g t·e D, ':rn1;!,ch. ~tra.:i:tl on U~ e

lilt ema ehmu 9 C Ie 8 •

J. POSITION o.F THE RIGHT A,1i!;. M '" The :t'''[ ghl: arm ha.n,g I:i fia, tu t'a n'f ,,", t '~-hif: 8 ide iln rno ~t C;:,;I,. o!il'i!!: ~ '.

00<: ('; a a:io~aUy on e wi 11 ~ e e the r i gUll!: if: Ibo-w hiS i:ng he ld up ju st a 1i ght 1),' • Thi B wiU tnsur-e that 'the 'W,ei ght .of t.hG a,1."ln is T;i,g;il: '!P''U.Uing .a,Oown en thG rtflB~ Th,e sc le job ·of the righc arm 'is ·to ~·et tht::: -higg.e'i" Hngsl" to. ,the h'iLggsl·.. The· ri.g'ht hand :is 'pL:u::ed on the pistol gdp wi'tb tbe t'l:1illmb ei:ilie];" aJons s:Me the sto.c'k Dr ,th,r. ough th;a tlnJ,:nJ,b hole O!i"ii.l~Jl r e 7 iJ) • ".['h~ t d g g"e];" fh!,gell' iSll 0 uld teuc h the :rifle' onl ¥ ~.t 'the t pi ~ re i" :iit:EliI3l!:f. I he dJe g 1" e e ()of firm:tli ~ a B Hila iI:: tn B ,g:r. ip i g ~ pplte el with t'[b. I"il ght 'hand v,a riG is! wi th ip,'cH vhhUij"l PI;' .af e' - e'n .. ;:: e •

The im,po r-tafi't point to :r,ern,e m,be"· when t.hin.kin g 0 f tll'" 0 ppo sin g fo. 1" c • is! Pl"B 8 8 i Ilg iil!.gain!ilt th'e l'ifle wi't1~, th,e right ha,niil.J, th!a face. a:rHI ~t. th€: butt~ i,8 not how rrruch Pl·,·S8l11·'E!i is 8!-pplLhd but 'tha't the p:re,SS1J.l"iI;;.'8 be i::Cin 8 i ate nt fQ:t" ea ch s:hQ'~ f.i.red.

-..:II CO

_"

.Figull"C 71.,

'.

Flgur'if: 74. (Shoot!!!! '!I" A l.

11. Th.e t" U1e, :ii e, p,iLa.,e e d in the heel Iill 'the lilll ft h,a;nd. with the I!j;tock 'be lng aea r e'r the thumb t'ha.:n the mor-e next bl.e a 1" €;,a, to'W:a. i"d! iii the £li!:l,s:,e:t:' e, ,( Figur.el '7 S.} ~ A a'ho-oting 11.0 'VE!J i 8, WOl"n on t'b e left. hand.. The finQ'~ l[" a. 0..£ the. left hand do, not gra ~'p the' rHle, in an ~'iht~lm,pt to guid,~ i t~

2. 'The left w:r'i!fib e,bou]!,.d, be B,traighf:,~ The ,I eft ~l1bovt l,B pla.,G,!!jd on the t,o,p' of the: le:ft kn;e:;e ~:r BHghHy to tni:l l<!!lft 0,1 t.M s po s. Ltion (FLgu'1~ ~ 1\"7')" The e l'lbO'w wUl be dJi~e ctly und~ t' tho :sto ck or i9Hghtly lef.t of it ~Fi8l!Ji,;I;:'e 75 ,a;iEI!d, 16). '1',0 pm>eE! '~bil;1l iIl!I:li'!:Hii,W cam:plell::e:l'y 'l:IJi'rlde:r- and tiIJ t'M dg,ht ,of th~ i51tiO'c,k rei!;lulta in c.Q1l:st.de:r'abl,e. s.tlt:ain, In the a.rm and back rn\\~c,lil)s.., A I!j: a. ,tdd.'e fo,1' the a."Iferage s.hiQ,g.'te~'t it'he left fare!i.~m an.d ih .. 6. lefrl! ,t:hi~h sb.ou.lLdl form a st.'f'3,'tgbt Unei whe'~ E!,Uworti:n',1 th,~ rifle fFig-ul'e 7~}.. The, £',e,real"m lInay :a..:ngle ~'p ,c'r dQ''WTl il'o,m 'thi.s 1in,'e~ ,dep~ndl:Dg On the ind:1.vtduali 6 body cQmor'ma.::u'ottli.

"_

'\

(Sho'o'i:-e 1': C )I~ 89

3,. The left. han.d will be tight ,again,s,!;; the h.an<l, s'.QP a'ndi thiS pl~Cen;l4;!flit of the sling !.'}l'll the uppe:f, f.I.:f'm :I:'i"tay be hi.gh OF 10\'\1. The sllngj not the lef'lI:: a r m, should do tll!e wo:d ... of !:>U'ppo'r'ting th'e :rifJe. The 'place at which th.e ;sli:!:lig is atta.ch'eo 'to the stock depe nd a up.on the pe sition used and the length of: the ~hoote'1" i s a l":n1,i!;i: ~ In the f o.:It''\!';''3:reI pe si tiom" th.e. slling i a a Ua died muc h e 10 :S'D r to t'h e t:ri g 8'e:r- ,gua 1" d a. fI' c Qmpa. r tl d to t'~l,e e rect pe ai tion"

.... "- .... "_"

..

~ShDCite F D).,

CHAPTER vm

A. P'RQN'E POSITIO)J.

I~, A. ,Ii'hootili,;t ilbou'ld w\oz:.'k· cm:u:tiLntl.y ,to I'\d'tne h~,. po.U:kon , .. ud imp:rQve 'hi' hold. Ve'ry .Ught

c:unrO';j!j s or ad;c',~ iIItrn""'"""""';! .f... ...1ii. ... P' '" ,,;,loU:.... '"'"a"'"' ;. - ;. ,. _ - '"'b- 1 - - ff ;II, A - - - d - - ;Ij,''Ii,. _.::I, 01' _,_ ' .... t-

- -, :;._":_' '_ ':':JI ..... -,----~,gl!o- ~.~ :.,.49 -"'l§tl:'Ii;i,~Y.' ~ __ .~, ~'V~' ~H"'''l.' ,e , e e- - ec~,~ , ,!J0C- m'iI!h.H~ - ~.e~~I-

mo,V't.me'nt .in ~b,e, ,q.~lU~ (uiul.Uy i'rom. pul.,cj, bd'lt~ t. t~ ~.,. -. ~.l.:.1.';:opl,c .lIM~. SQrn-e ,e;'boot-iI!Il"-!II- <::.-n ktl-i!lp the -C:c~oBe-~i~':"·On .; bull.~hol~ at . .l'DO. ,.'rd'ri' Le.,m· to ftl'ie .Itd relo.d- -wUhout dtiit,Ui"btD1- the -p,o'ltiOfi~ <~'tin t~iojd{nl~. the .,lto;Qt:-e r' ,lhC:U-W" il\1 en the rOW'ial_ mt,~ the r.hiLmb!&F with hill: l~le l' II! b etng

ca:re:iul-not tc: ·.-itl":l'p' a:n;.l.' • .-a- :£l"'o~ th .• b~tl.tt _. .

. .. .", _: . .. - .-=-'-. .. • .: •

2:,. Th. -lIItcc;;k of the. :f·iflJfi: .h:o~14 b,!!!I: .0, -c(!;2t.truct.d t:u~ wh.n tm. .-hQoteJ~ til, ~ po~t-tl¢g And -pla c ~ $

hi Ii hli!l&..:i on th... oiIJ,.Q"''ii:. t..,..,~.;o; 'i ""' .... ii: ... ,.o, .. i. i.. - -. 'Ih-' LI.. - .,:t 1:1'11. .... - S·_, - ',~'tl.~.....i;. : -- -ofi;"I!i!i!III - -' - - ~ -:- ,. - 1 - -- - - --

._ .' _. -'4_____ _._--'''' "'t ,,: ';'-"'-iIi ~~!I? ~(I;I!: iIi,- v,p,;U;I(. w~ jo. QUi :" "'f,IIe :.iL .. ~~, .•. - ~un,~e .~LV:~li'ilU!',. 'Rr.'r- Y morC! l.iI;:Cl.a pr, ••• ure

a ga:!n..-t t1'he IitO~lk. th:arD_ ot'bPl;"ii-",. ~.a.'!n,ll- lb.' Impo I'tallt. p.1Int i-.' t~':t, the fact. i .p:r., .'\1l"$ be. CONS.IST ENT I l'he bfUt,d should, b. &., !!!I-r-.,ct •• ~'p;Q •• '-lblili ari,p:rope:r-' -el,.e ~;-e;l!tef·n[u~,iut1.tDled'~ ;. .>,

_. i " ••

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3. The p:ron-I!! 'p-Q;ilUon 'hi i Q- .It-ea!!':' ;~t .:l~ ~y bill" .•• ti: t,o Aay.e, : •. ~.tn'le· ~o~'~_.o:f- .-tn'\t Th. po,.t:tl.o.l'!i $houldl be o'deated Ii 0 the natu-1",a1! -p:D~n't M. :idrn b ~4J".,c:t.1iy hi· the ~llh. ri-QI., a~.lt' .e~ittlf!!!Ii in the pG-i-nt of

alrn ,oan !be: afi,ecite-d In .ev-enl WBlV·... Small'· iiort:liontlll c:-ha~..". ,"",\",10,·'_: b·.'';''.~.A-06;''~lift,,; ..... ,..,I",,,, ... -ii,.--t...- - .. :I~h--;t;; .~-~

_ _., • __ _ __ _ _ __ " _ r _ __ .... ..,- ;W!~y _ 'IJOI ~;!!-~""l' ,~i:r?"'I;;I;~'" 'FiLD w:,IIe ,",,'l.;I!I! __ !oi li-O ......

to ,t'h. _'rii'M or h;ft. VJ~'ty ~i~!!j- ~'1-ev&~~ ... -.¢~n~:,ecl ,~.n be- :~~~ ~~, ,~~a~-th(:c:~~i.- -M.J~~ cha-DI-e.· ii!lhould be m"ule !by r e;Ocrtentln,g: -~h~~ cm:t1!-re.- P,C:f\i:Uil!,n 0'-1' 1"HcgtUi!i!l!lilt1 I' e~~ .It'nl~· :f.~" .~.nd IItop ,_ and butt:

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p~-""e:. -', )', " . _

.I' • • ' • , • ~. -:- .: •• ?, I .

4;. It t:~, i~~Q ~tant ~eril'~'~~1!iq· the 'po.i~Q' ·,t~~ '~.u:r,e' th-e' &m~)mltt on -wl rtn.··~. 'Il"oupitil

-b,.U,,,:r- tl~.a.n ·~e'i~.¢-1d '~Q ~-C¢\u""~le;ly, W1t!.-I-\1't~al·-~- ·-r-o:,,\ttl.'·-~.tbe PQ.,!t1.~, '. 1

B.

,

KN-Eii::Llrn:t PQSITION Ii

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1 t Th!!!l, .ho-Me-r -M_.· ilom.-e l.aUtud-f,l: 11). bntldtnl a, ~'~.bti-~··~~'~. ""l~~~~n P~.t-uonli Tbet'-e. Bite :many

&-r .. a I. in wnt c:1\ a- shact. r- .flo" Ii v-en ,. dl-Me-e~ i)£ -to-eglque tt. ,T'ht:I-11 fi·ot· meant -~o 'be- -eVJp.J.-v~·!! It i 8 to ;ei~·rel~,e iha.t the'l-e' 1:8 no '!,rotli- .. clald m.ethoo. Wkat-·WO'd:. well for on. :p •. r.on may D_m- .pp:1y at .ii to anotbe:r!, SQID. ·USAM1(,"f-U .beet .. r'. naV1ll ve r'f' lcu~.f)- 'P0il!! itt~.,'., 7:iury d-e, ctibl~: ,the :rUle ... _ 1 ~-£lo.'tl.iii" n tha t- l~" bit. r-e:ly t'oU9b)1 the l"t,iht .ho:uJ,d.e-r and, 'e.emil'L1 tl> klauei, on .e left. hI..m3!~ . Otib-iII~t iih,~e I' ii h,.a.-ve- l"e1a.Uvelv- tlibt pO:l,:lti em I. They b :dna: MI,e rm..· b&c.k· tnt~ tb4. .-hOli.td.l!' flrmly 'u4' ,r-!p t'h.· .t o~k to til orne ,deg Z' e-e!- with the .. t.lU handi!; 'The:y- ,(3;. '(:!-I''fb. th6 be "'Un.i p~.ltioa· t:MI.ltOfL on-the ill itnl' ... - 'beth_I

lit mila r iI:~ tb-.'t wM-ch '@ti~r'l in ·th. 'p:tCDI:! pOIi,idon; •. mtti ... ~y_~- ~- 'Jift--\~'Unl PC:lit'Uouwt-U. be ~Q.n •. tel.dy.- _ The unltieac!l:l.ne. ii may- b. e .. ~ii eli bY-oR n,unbe::t:' c' .t.cto,t,~ '~\' •. ,. p.c.llt":r- to ~tbae tndlvtdual ~ II!Ii :PDII:{ t-ta-n. C 0'1' ~cctlinl th~ u1u;il:eadbU!Ii"'·. :r-equt1"e.. & ;-1" oc'e,.. ,ot- ·eliltrn.tu~on~ . t1"i&1 ,.n.cJ of.' r-ol"~,

. I

~. A 1:0 --tiD-I, h..rl-ld t ii not ·WI\l;.uall bi_ tb. _ .• en~l: 'Old-Uon. Whg- fb. ,~,~a6nb.1I .- 1 O-.-~h~. bol.a" hlil!l il' ... tt!NI~ pr-oblfiM 'b-e.c,Ome.,·. trliaer -com'ro)_~ Dry f(rinl i.:;,.n g~:htl:rii~,- . way 10- 'dil!lt'Hilit 'aDd

cOir "-cot. ,~ie i':kj 01" body m.ov.m.nt,. 'eUit -a-c:! eOrnp.:n:" the ·tf1-lle ,. puli~ I . •

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,~. Tbe ~,ti l'e 'p r-oc.:I-1 of a,eveltJpbi:, -:t1:i. ,.lI:Ddlnj P1o.,ttt.Qn bl ,I; ·p-zo-oe •• -j of Hit'n,~-nt. .It, -.hould

be ecmduc:tedi, vrltb, the e't,lI!!: rX '. .-clntlti,(! .~.-riJn.l\t~ .nd by- ttl "lir:r b.t,u~.- 11t mult- 'be ."~l~4 OV(iJi"

an ~en.d-eld! period .of t!im-iII',' . , ' " '. , ' '.~ -

- .

'2:'4 .A 'ldOO .~.nldml pe'lttlon irlJ berhtritnll tD take .• hI.',.' wk_ the rifle :l- po!l.nt!i>d! 'n.tQ.r--a·u, at the

t.o1"_ret -.~d t'be body meet. the rCC]jui:1' emenfi,a of: - . .

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'c:. su.,'bt bilIt equa'1 ten I!I ion tn aU boOdy mll:i8 ehil!l'i! '\v"l'th 'fi'lll' t!lXCl:@j,1!!I,8iV'1i!! iU: l':aln on a. ny on,1i!! m.u.:iii c'IJ.,la:.'i" 'm..I.:!I,i!I'i

31,. The be'girlinin,1!!: sheotii!l:t' a-no~ld not: he'Bit:l;it1~ to 'm,a,ke :major cha'r:Ii,B'~u 'in a,'dju.lt:mg the, l;!!oi!JiHeol1 of t'iu ,:t"~floi!i but :ma.'k,'i!!I i!I,maU. ehan,s ~:i!I In tliil!l' 'inItial 'b,od.y PO,i!I iti o:n !n ordf):i r ,ill eft n.n.d! :B; ,Ill ... th {,a.''C!i;Q';ry ba:(ill e ;:,bndtng

/

pol;{tlon ...

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4,~ M'I!!!:t the i'nitia 1 l~ itI'l'lod! in whi eh hi!!! i:i!i a cb.te.vifi\i a 'ba;lil i Co :mtal't::!!d:btl!l: 'po'IlI,i.M ORI the aho ~te:t' !5hQuld j;n" Qc,e e d ca:uti Q'!lJiJ;lly in :m.aldng cha.nge a, Thl s 1 S p.8.:rUy d'll;e iI,;'o the fact the.t In the ea I'll !III't.a,g~ 111" hi. 8 p,o,idti on ~ V & octudl.., be ee r:r e et '- but he ha Ii n crt, de:v't:lop e,d !ll!uf'fi clent, lit r'li!Inlth of boOdy It: ontl"oOl t e !i!lna 'Ole' hlm toO '!hi old, 'WeIll.. N lI!!'ed!'le I!I, 8 te ~,a. y 1- to cfi&n,g!!!i what would la.t$ r p:r o'Ve t,;o. 'bIll;!! a, co:i;:' r e ct po EI Ul on W'l:;I<ul\(1. 'be h~rm!u.l.

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5 ~ A g l"~a.t r:na.n:y a.djustm,ent.1III a roe :po 18:1 i.ble' in the litand!tn.,e; p 0111 timi. It! IS dlff'fcult to Q!I!f!,iI!I,rmine wldeh 'p,o§l§d,ble ad,]U!;I,tmen't wo~ld beElt; c'D't~e'cl ~, ~:r.M,e'l,.ll~'r 'P'I"Qblem. The ;!iI'hooter shoIJJ:ld! :n.o,t ma'ke a chan.@:;!l' u.nttl be h.a.:8 ea l"efuily anal y'!!! eH~. the' C.:a.U,8e r;:d hi 8 'p,r'oblem, &.nd the :t.' iii!! ;i!lu!'tli i"e .. Uzoed f ro,m, th.e

va ~tti'u.~ cha.nge ~ he :na is! "in, eU tut'ed.. 'I' h'en h~ :ihould, n~e' h!,s pre Ii ent PQ,!!I it'! on,~ mak,e '~'he -cur:r e1:IiU Y' n.'e!i!:d~d c:ha..nge .. and notfl; t'be 'l"~I8Ull.t8 o!'!te,:r ,ji. p,~:t"lod o£ t:t"alnini' :lliil!!!o,i!l81on:i!l.. If, th,g. change £;i!I not b!l!tn,~tlctl!!lt b:.; ili,hQiuld I'iI!!l'eutn tel! the po~it,ion nE!1 used ,o,:r1stnaUy.. ,F"~,om. fu,:r.'bJie':r'. analyi5i",~ he sh;ould det,I!;!l'mine ,a, ;n,e;w ~'Pp:rQii,eh tQ th.e' p:r Qb 1 ern: .' m tht IS Wii.Ii. 11' he .a'voidi iii, iit:ra ying a WfA,y ,from hi!ll bl!;. iii e .. tan,d!n:g po sittoOn j, If the ehans e e'Verd:u_a.1.ly p:r ove,S! 1,:,00 b e h~n ~fi.cia 1, hit shou.1d adopt it ,1I.'nd tne Ol'p,o,l'a t iI!I' it ,a"i!I pa:rt of:' hi i! ba si It iH:t.i!:tUO.n. •

t i,..,

6.. The !ilta:ndln,g p~,dUo,n. iii nlDt built: \l,p,em :me:a.iII,uredi me'QM:nlca.l di,lI!!ti;nC:l!:iIIi fo.l" thil!: plLac:em;!!iilil: of

feet j 'pa.lm r !!!i:lI'it" hoo1it", II!!t,c.. Tbll!!l 'l!~;Oi!l ~:U on is '!:n;:d,lt og:p'D,:h th~1 pa.,i!j,i.<:: ,f~dam~ta.b ,a ~ Qj,e:!;li c,rlbec:l hI! the, "tanditnJ,g 'Chapt e r'~ The pic:t:u:re ~ o;f th.e ~ho-ote'r!1l- "ho'UJld 'be us e di a a a g'll'lde to' u.nde':t" ~ta.n,d the !ill e :rundamenta],1i and nGt ':n,.e c:e,!iIIi1:a rH y eop,i ed hl hope iii ot· i.n. o.:r. ea:51 fn.,g on,Ii!:!III !!II eo 1:' e by the l"ea. II, on~ng tha.'t wha t wot"ks £00t" Ofi itI "lirl!df vhlll!lal WQ:rl"l, for ev e :r.v(}n,~;

7'~ A gl"'ea t ilOOO1i.mt. Q.f ,c onc:en,tt~a.1;i,tQn Iljl. 1" eq'uir.ed, in o'btlal:n;hli,g 8 Qod Ii!,ta.:r.!dln,g S ee r e s ~ ,$h.o,crHn,g g,o'od

~ C Qre!;l i IJ n,Qt a Ii me chan'lc.a li a. s In t'~,e 'otne'I" :e'b o,otin,g p 0l1li t,tlon:l,~ Ma,!t'IIy '!Hmii!iI!II &, !I!IhQ ot Ii!: t' may imp:lt"ov"!t!i hi i!I standing 8 c: Ol"e by e.xC,i!!!'ed:[n if hi i!: 'p :r-e;vio'U,I!i, 'p'e:d O'tm~;n,c iel ;!;! ev:'e ra.l u'm.e rJ. and upg ra.ding hLe 51 e U c,ODfi d;e:J',i,e e .. OJi~~ ,t.ht.:I!il ment~ ~ ba r ::J;"~e r 'Of a, ce t~a."h~ i!} C Q':re ha ~ be:e:n b:r oken j he then 'b f:;oC'Qm,e s mQl",e d emand!~n.g of

'him Ii! e 1£ and! inc rea 8 e s hi S ov e ra.Il Ieve I of <;,OnCe:t'il;t r& tien. .

D~ a EN EB.AL ,REMARK.S F OR. ALL POSJ:TION'S ~

_'

,i,... N',eve'I" m.ake: :mQ:t' e than one c,ha.n.g e a.'t a tim.e ~ . TM.:I allows the: sho ot'L'!!:t" to d,i!!t I!! rminc thlt' of: ota.l. ,en'e:~it of a specUlc cha:ngoi!!i ~

b4 N,eve 1" evaluate Ii. change ,on the 'lba!lllt iii oJ a single abo otb:1ig' iii e!ill ,III !ten., The1" e sult II; OlE a ,i!I inglt: t~ s t ar'e; not e:on,clu:!Iive., Thel:fe are to,o :tJ:ii.aHY' fact(rr!3i~ including the effe'ctiii of c:'ib&nge iti!;lielf', t'hM -ca.n a:f;(,e,e::t pe,:r,fQr~nee!, ,An y teil't shoUJld! be r''I.:m 'UI'.i:'U II t'h:t: :t" e!lll ult!lll a, r,e p r'6Vf::n '0. onclu,1i! t vIe ~

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I

"li A.,.... ""h .... ..." ... 'e:r p ... ·o i!JI ..... iii '" e" 'C; ':".JI .... · .. f,;i:, ... , ... "" h,t" p .... !111 U'i......... h· .... 'Wi 1-1- ....... "'k'" iimal· 1- e'" ...... ·d· 8' ..... '" 11" '.. ...'jI. ... -- go. •

~'.' .' Iii!' M- 11IiiII' ~¥'" ., _ . iii;" . ~~.!pU! . 1iiI!' - ........ iIo~ _." ~ ,Jl.~l~~. . . D ~ .I~ .. 1. !i. .. V'Ji~, . '!I:r ',_·IL" . l"~IIII@jo..'!I:r 'I',· ., .. , .0111- _;iiI.:.' 'l;iI;J.IIiiI..,' ti ,iii;" !l.i'iIl:&.Il'III'~ ,.,.

in hill po iII,iU,on... &,'fiid, hI i!I, ho.ld wUl b i!i 0 OI"i"le bf!lttet" a.n,d bil!l:t'l: !!I'r,. No, l!I;:hooto!it't h,ow!!lvet", ;!!I'Ve r a;Ei I!i urne:i!ii tlm:1;;

'he b:a~' finalized bfa, p,o'i51it.tCt'1!i,~ P'l"OOK're:s iii, ,g':row~ QUt. of .eorJ.a·'t.a.'Dib (tlhough ~~;ref'Ul,~ re'itneme':nil:. ,Ii!;.nd, ~hh

r.\en:n'eme:r.i.~ t.i ra. eo:nHil:l:l!ltng 'P'l' Qee Ii II.. T 0,0, m.a.n.y Cl,ban,8'e,1II j to,o; ()f;te'rii j' can bf:: ve ry odd r lme.fit:a.l~

I

f I

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:3 ,j U811!!1 of ,th"l!!!i Sh.oot e:t' l!i :eii!!. :ty: Cbang e:1!! l'n PQ;i!j {Uon a;,nd te(::'bnlq \lie 8 snould be c'Olld'UctE!,Q! w~,th g;r ea t

ea 1"$ and ,ell: Qull.-d 'be :Ii." e cel"d,e d in the 5lheet,e:r 'I Ii di:a. ry a:nd anaJ:yzed.. Wh en the she()iI;e r nnd ii a. s..t ead y PQ!lJi,t{'ODj' which OCii::U:ti'!!II oft:e,n and, i!I,Ctmli!:tim,lts unexpectil!l:dly, hi!! shou.ld f'j,MIi!: a'll the c:h;a.'l"&ele:lt"i.:i!l'tiC;i!j of tb,!i!I PO!!ll lti on ~n ord,j! 1" t c' ! ~ntQd!' it tne .next time he' ;Eibi:D'g,t i!!iI ~

~ I

95

. .

., 'l"k,e d.ial'Y IIIbou14 be ule.dj .••• ·oel t·o help 'the .. hoote:r .. eateve h11Jh.1" ,and more !I:;lDn.t.tem, .cor •• ,iI'

l't .hCH.1~d c:.cmtaw 'J!4:ii,"tUve~nformatl_, .ueh lU, .iibt .,,«ml,I' fQ~I" ~,rlo\W :dn., ~d l'i.:nl~" t hook" palm 'rfllit~ b~~,1t.te .ettl'ng. and .t~.· SCQre,. ,.kou:ld, .1'0 be po~t.a m the diar.y:. A:l,tanl with ,luck tail\ll)'M,e' faeto:!t",i[j. Ii\ num:b.e:r of Intan,rlble ,f.·Cleor •• bwkt .1"0 ''be Dated .uch •• how the iI~GI". W.II o.'Ma.tJfd, CrlUeall.nal'Yllll.l!l ol the lihootel'.~ II po.,'ltt~1 h,d, hgi1cl :Qla,Y' .merit f.;~atttcm.l, tKairY e'_'dell,. ·Tnt., may !.nc.luidl. (laf..UOD,. IClxp.zoieneed, wan." Iho.oitnl;;" w.llbt. balance .h!!tl"l'buttLaa,~, d;.,Pee. of mulct. 1:g'IOD,,~ :me~!ltl,! attitude &~d ,taet.c.'l'iII a;ffe Gtiq :~on9ID{tn.tI;.~ -.aa .oy,.:r.U ·pe~,f'~'I'~n,,=.,t other iTd"QI'~tl:OIi mi..tit eO"l'.l.ta.ln ra.mmunL,ttt.f.B 'I"CI'c'Qid. of "mn'l~ltt.on lCl:.tq'ji, ,aut'er_* .raqe. and. domt~t ,ccmd!UmuiL "'O,u P ve;

_. - I .~'

expc:t"iefi(:li!Id at ~'helle 1!.~'C&ttOf;b.l.. The dtaI"Y"iI, to 1!!!I.~Y'1i!I lh,e Ib.o:o;C:f!I'1"'. If' uaed prape;rly it CaD b. I. time

... ,vlne a.fill), 8 e.lf imp'!, ov.~t, ,ald... .

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PHYSICAL AND MENT,A L TRAINl,NQ,

.'

C ompet:tt.,(U' '.' in a'lll rlpoo.·:r-t., .et!:vltl~ul· 'P'!'"'. dice to bet,te1' th~~'i.;e elv .. ".. ,R li,fJIi!!i iSIIhQote r!il must, e :!Ita. bli sb. £'01" th.emlllelvi!!I. a, Pr'QS'l.'li.m of t:ra.!lnl!:lll &11 'Well.. The. dev61opm,ent ef a.n inte:r.nati,Q'EIi&l rifle o.fiampl,Q·n rnl1,1.'8't; lr.u:ludll!:! phy .:lean, II,nd 'm..entaJ t,ra.:Lntnl.·

A ~ PH'Y SICA ,L TRA INlNG. ,PhY'.ie&llY;li the !IIhocte r M'I4,I,t be .. l~lfj; ·to ~ Iii :i.i1J..ffii!i ,iIr (: Q'm!Qirtlli- ble JKlI EI i t:i~n II' 'hold 'the rifle mottO-,1l1o II!J III.. .:rut I!!Ihcot tOI' a iilI'U: .. tai:Ded pe r'iod "'Without fa tl,g\!l<e.. PhY':!Il.c: atl e ondJ1Uo:nJ:!!:!;g eXi!ircl:IlIi!i,I nil" an. appa4r'enU,' llmU,ed value 'itow.l"d :lmppo'lrin:g the sho,o,t'er! e pe1"fcn:'IDa!acel once he ha.s, ~'c;:hl~V1.,d II'Qodlbod,y t."OHiI!j"

1 '. C o:r.n,fQJ:"t .... A, comlo rta.,ble 'pOliUog ill! 'ib!l. I,e d upo'n 'tl\.e iMe,:a;o.ent in,a t.'l.1 l",1!! 1 ,i!ltrueru'!"!i!I ,Ill ,of tEte hu:n.".La'r.L be dy. Th.:re IIIhou.l,fl be no. y;t:iJ.!~~i"a.Jl. 'litre II,:IH!!I. !between boodY' a:rui rUle ijo C,omfo:r't 'bi a. gtvlI!I:n po i!!li Ho:n ~l S o 'tt!H"g;uLr e!ll that the body 'be~ aeeu .tamed, to the po":~Uon.. Tf!b.t!i b!i!l gmitliD.K' .hoote r i,5I likely to t1'iDd e e r.tain uncomlo rta hie t,ea,lur e: ~ ~ all po 8!ltion II. FoOl' ·e;xa.D:~,'ple:= il:h,e b& ck b~nd in thol; iI!i~~:fia:b:i.g· PQ ,,1 ti O~ I th~~ weigbt pla'C!i!it\ upon. the a.nkle 'in tble ,knceU,DI poi!l"::Ho.,n. a-nd. tM 8Utl.,l1Il·pr·e,!98Ul'e i.n the p'rone po!Ii:lt1on, .. DliJCO-nUoltt ar:i,Ii'" Iii beea,uille po:rUonl, 0,£ thel bo.d" fU!'\!I!!I' beiag put 110 new Ulle08,. If'the' baste pClIs!:.Uon IItrue.tul' e III eo'l' r eee, the dli i!l;co.mlo rt will Q~YAUy ali ... ppea T a. I! ·t'he. IIIhoote r 1. b.o dy become I!i aC;t:i1;lst;o'rne d ~ t"b,fI] .8tra.'in I! of. ille ]?Q"I!I,!itiilO'n.. The be,.t wa,y to condition the 'bod:v to I. "hooting po $.I Ltto.;n, ~,~ to 'fr e'~ 'Ij ent1 "f.' p:r,aet:i e e .or -dry it:re t'ha,t poii!l ~"C.fi.

, ~ L

a ~ An inco'r:t' !Bet head po, dtLon :in the bi,gher p:ii'!II:lUonil # {'Q1" ex.am'p'l!i!il, 'Will c:,a,U15·!I!i th·!! 'bdid'y to IiIwa y invol~tadly.. Tht:.. mOIYem,ent t. 1'"ef1e¥lvfI and! the ~hootei" i,1! 'pOwer!e'lI to-.c:ontro.l it.

e, By 'Ullb\,g bL')!Q,iI!Ii "-'M Ugam1e.nt lIuppo,rt fo r the' body' a:t'l:d rifle, th.!I!I ,Ill hoot .• r. d-C!i!l IS Qot 'IJ.,,,e m,UI5I e Ie ,iii a 10lne' to 8up'~rit the bod." ~

d, ToO hold th,;e l"iU. iLu me IO.ring .. tn'lI!! .boo-ter 'mulllt be abJJ..e to ,eontr'ol body movement by hold!i'ng hi ,I!j mu:i!I e.le, ltill and motlo'Dle _ !II.

Thl!l be'~t way of 'iIll'aiDi:ns' the m"",lhclelll! ~'O':I!.' ,t'h. ,.tic 'wor'k tb,ey mu.lt pe:do1"m ill! S1hol;}.tinS h: through ~~t~dve {i;riD.g p:r,.c:tice or. dry fl:lI::"tnlt ,!'l:rb:~.g pr,actlc:'e .$ilUII"liOnf. ~ib.c'uld 'be cQnducte.,d ':re.:gulal"b,. Sho,rt liiielllililonlll co:n.d.uc,ted, on' a'l".pla:r 'eeh,edule a:r.e much mc.-re valuable il:han lena: p'l'"a~Uce :I!II,e i!l1!!I,i.O!l:lJS ,':ond:ut:::t!l!!ldi '~b!i!l ~eln.tly~ Fr.equel!Dit Ii :dft, pl",a.c:tic:~ en:i;\hle I!!I! tbill II!IihQQ"t!i!!l::r' 'e'Q a¢qui I' ii!i .. ij i fee.ling I'~ ~'Q!'t m,I!.1,., c Ie C Qfllt'ir!iJl.

He learnlll '.bo\:a.t l'nvobl,ntat'y mu.I'itile eontr .. etl(li:nI'Ii,~ which 'dihitu'1'!!h a ] O.·rtnl" 'h.,old and ar'e l"~,l!ipon,:l!iibbi £o'r Ilome of the e-r:r'atie 8h-O~ili!., RelilulIr1" P·Z':I.,c'ttce ecnable!ll the, ,i!lbocter to, inlCl'elg.;iJi'!i!I hl:l!i abUity ':to hold hila

m.u,ih~;:t ... Ii[!! ftil1 tI.:nd mQtioitlle II !II" - 'lb... IIIhooter!' should t,olIo¥' ,a re (: Qnull'e:nde d ~ch.;-dul!i!l o:f 'p:r'a'cti,t:e in wh:i ch

he: d~voti!l!lil a. 'ma.j,or portion off PQlJitia1l i"lr,8l.i.f!iUlI to the I,ta'Dding -po8iti,o,n (Figu,re 81).

:3.. :F!aI:~lgu.e - If ~u licl.e II be:c.cn:'ul fa UlU!I!IdJ tb$'Y develop 'tremo r II- IJ.nd, the Abc-ote r' lao se ~ e ontr. 0,1 {),t

hia Dody,.· -

~. Th.e:mU iSle!;!:-g 'IDY rH, be ea pa. Me of c:cntl'"OlHRI the' bod" ... rUle :I!IY I!i,tl!l'm fo'[" ,1;1. au $Itaim! d 1PiI!! :diQd! 'withQu.t 'lI!!I~pelr"heniCi:n,! :fa.tigue ~ Many ,of c,ur be :lit; ilh'QQ~e1i':I often ke e1p '~'be rifle. 'in 8. lita d,c '[po. Bit,i,o n. f,o:r long,

pe r{Qd i!I',~ w:a.iUnr for tn. rot.R'h.t' eondltLon iii of ll,ght; wind." 01" bQ.dy Ii:: olltrol.

_"