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)l.pmaoc. CpnCKO-CJlOBCHCKanxexeaa, soja cy HaCC.JLaBaJla MaKc)l.oHHjy, ;jC)l.HO aa )l.pyrHM CJIHBaXYcc ca CPO)l.HOM 11M Cp6HjOltl, OCJI060~aBajyhH ee 0)1. I'psa H 6yrapcKora ara, 1281 r. KpaJt. MHJIyTHR 'oTeo jc 0)1. I'psa Y CCBCPHOjMaKC)l.OHHjH: Haaor, CKOn.JLe, TCl'OBO, IIpH3peH, Onne nO.JLe 3JICTOBO,IIHjaHaQ H )l.omao je )1.0 Beaeca j sa THM je npa cajC)l.HHHO CBOjHM 3C)f.JLaMa,n;u6ap, Tlopesje, KHqeBO j 1296 r.OTCO je ,1(paq (,11; ypano] H zeo A.JI6a.u.je. Y rserono )(06a rpaaaue Cp6uje OUJICcy panrapeae )1.0 Eparosa H pese Bperaz.ane, H:cTu6a; Beaeea, IIpHJIcna H Oxpaxa. Ha ItCTOKY Cp6Hja je nOOpaTHJIa 0)1. Byrapa CJIOOeHcKY oOJIac-r 6paHUQCOcKY (H3MC~y ,n;yuaoa H )l.eCRC06aJIe OCJlHK6Mopase), Koja je aacaaraa OCTaJla cpncxa ca CTOJIUQOM_J' y.rr..p.u.~~y. 1330 r. CPIlCKH Itpa.'L Cresaa YpoIiI ,n;cr".· qaHCKH paatiao je Byrape KO,lJ, BCJloym)l.a (RYCTCR)l.HJla) U '1. aa TUM ce KpCHyO npoTuoy fpKa~-o)i"-KOJHX jc 3aY3CO: Beaec, npOCCK H illTUII, a 0,2( Byrapa 'RYCTeH)l.HJI. ,1(YOHHUY, CaMOKOBO H .lIxTHMaR. HacJle,2(HUK Creeana ,n;eqaHCKOr, CUR aeron CTe4>aR ,n;ymaR CHJlHH, sOaQUBlIIU cnor ona C III CCTOJla,lJ;OOCO CPIICKO uaperno ,2(0 aajeehe CUJlC U je csaae. IIORODHBlllU, YCKOPOnocae crynarsa cnora ua napCTOO,'oOjHYc I'puaaa, ORie aa npexe ,2(BajccTOrO,2(RmlbC cooje BJla,lJ;e oreo 0)1. IbHX r. 1i333 OXPH)I., Ilpaaan, ltOCTYP, erpYMHHQY, cf>JlOPUH (XJIepBH) ~C~l(l3HHK (caaa ACMUP' "f.·f) ~Bcap) BO)l.CHY H qCMPCHj 1336 r. ,1I;paq, KOjHM je OUO aasxaaao HCanOJlHTaHCltH Kpa.o P06epTj 1i337 r. ,n;ymaH je npecajeaaaao It Cp6HjH AO.JIOHY H KaHHHY, y Enapy 1334 r. 3HXHY j Y jyroncrouaoj MaKC)l.OHujIl 1345 r. Kcaarajy H Poaon H na 1l0cJleTKY Cepea, ,lJ;altJICHe CMIO CIIA Ma.h.C,llOHSja.)l.OCepeaa, 3I1XHe, ,n;paqa. II KOB&lIa, oceM r COJlYHa, HO H CM 'Tpasaja )1.0 pese Mapane, A.JI6aHuja, rOTOOO neo EIIHP C AKapHaHHjoM H CBa Tecaraja I1pUna..l.aJle cy Cp6HMa. Ilonrro je nponrapao coojy .llpmaoy na paqyH I'psa, ,n;ymaH ce noueo HaaHoaTH napex Cp6a H I'paa. Byrapcse My jc naahaaa )J,aHaK. Ocsojea.a rpnsax

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15
aeMaJba CBpJUHJlay ce 1349 rO~HHe1354 r')I;ymaHje nomao c npOTHB Ma~apa; ueliH )J;eoBoese, CpeMa H Basse npanao je Cp6HjH, npexaa If 380RpaTItO speae. IIOCJIe ,l(ymaHoBe CMpTH cpncso u,apCTBO,Roje je OH jom 3!L csora mHBOTa paszenro na .mynaHHje HJlHHaMeCH"fJ,lTBa, pacnaao oe H8 HeROJlHItO nOJlYHe38BHCHHX He.meBHHa,xoje cy. ce )J;pm3.11e R ~OTJIe,~Olt HX HHCY TypU,H noaopam. Ooa nOJlycaMocT~lH8·),(ecnOCTB8C8MOcy npH3HaBa~a aa napa HaCJle~HHRa ,l(ymaHosa, HO rOTOBOHy ce HUGO HHje nosopaaao. Je~aH O~ cpncsaj; )'(ecpOT8, Baamah, ynpaBJbaO je KOCTYPOM BepaTO'4; MapKo KpaJbeBHIi H· ynpaasao je ~eJlOMMaRe~oHHje ),(0 ·1394' r. ca CTOJlHU,O)( y IIpHJIeny;' OCTaJIH cy BJl3).(aJlH~pyrHM 06J1l1.CTHM8 HCTOqHe MaRe~oHHje.. 1367 r, cpncsa ,a;ecnOT, KpaJb. BysamHH y680 jo u,apa Y pOIp'a H ceo noexe Ibera aa npecro Heaaaaha ; 1371 r. yMpO je 6paT napa )I;ymlLH8 CIIHHma HJlH CHHeYH IIaJlXOr Ypom,· rocnozap 'I'eearaje, Enapa ~) H Eroaaje. lIcie·~roi1lHe 26 CenTeH6pa y6HJlH' cy Bysamana MplbaqeBHlia Ha. peua Ma.PIHIR nocze H3ry6.JLeHe OHTlteC Typnaxa, H HeCTO·ae je 6HTlta 6na ROll lJepMeHa r TYPI(H cy nocxe 60ja np03BaJiH Cp6-CHH)J;H~,!: j._cpn~~a . V"-.) nponacr. IIoCJIe Bysamaaa, RHe3JIasap, je~aH 0),(,l(eenOTa Bysaumaoaa uapcrua, ea CTOJlHU,O)( KpymeBUY, saa...ao y je CPOHjOM,~OCTa neb y.mOM, y speaeaa remsa no cpnCItH aapoz, Bera, ca~alba :qpHa I'opa, HHje npaaaasaaa a.eroey BJlaCT 3eMJbe j Jlaaapese npOCTHPaJIe ce H8 jyry cy ,IlO BeJlHKOra,lI;pHoa, a H3 HCTORY - AO jy.2KHe Mopaae, IIpeCTOHHu,eopncae IIpH3peH H CROnJbejom 6exy y pysaaa Cp6a j Caxoxoao, lIxTHMaH II 'RycTeH)J;H.lI 1371 :1aY3eJlHcy TYPU,H HaBaJIHBmHHa' 6~JIKaHCItO nozyocrpno; 1373 r. OHHnouopume ~ne )falte)J,oHcRo-cpncKe RHemeBHHe saaarae, soje cy JIemaJIe H3)re~y rpaaa ItoB8J1e H )I;paMe C HCTOIJHecrpaae H pese llap)f.a.pa C8 eanazae: 1375 TypU,H aaysenre HHm, a sa TUMnocrynao rpazoae lICTH6, Ilpmcn, MOHaCTUpHJIH BUTOJb.H3ry6HBmH MHore 3eHJbe

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17 JIHJIHCTaHOBHHReHonora Bpxa (')JIHme I(apHrpa,lJ;Y. Haj,lJ;yme ee o.n;pma.:r0 9ROIL'be, Roje cy Typl(~ _3~y~CJlll_1:!63 'r. __ ~--C-iia~oM -Cpoii]e'MHoi;oO}lOjHC' nopoxsne cpncsora Ha-I poaa noxeme CC npeceaaaara Y aeaace.seae aeM.'b!?jymHe! Y rapcse, OC06H'fO y CpeM H BaqKY H y aanaana BaH aT.) TaMO cy OHH y npao apexe, no ,lJ;OnymTelbY yrapc~H~ Kpa.lbeBa, HMaJIH caoje ,lJ;CCIIOTe }lJIH, KHcmeBe. 1689 roa., Ka,lJ; je aycrpajcsa sojcaa ,lJ;OlIlJla ,lJ;0 pene KaqaHUKa; CpOH H3 CKOnJbaHCKOra rramaaysa C OCTaJlHMCpoHMa ycm-; raaome sa opymjc H noxarame aycrpajcsoj BOjCl(H. Ka~ ce aycrpajcaa aojcsa nosparara y AYCTPHjy. TYPl(H c)4. YCTaJiH nporas Cp6a H mCCTOKOHX rOHHJIH. 'I'aaa ce CpoHI upeaapeaa 06chalbHMa aycrpajcse 8JItl,lJ;e, peUlH11Ie, ,lJ;a c~

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1'O)l.IIRe, saza Malic)(OHCKU CJlOBCHII npoTepame

Byrape

ocaosame csoje l{apCTBO, soje je TpajaJIO)(o 1019 1'0;1;. Ih 'I'paenje nan Tpua ncrepaure Byrape 9G2 rO,2(IIHC.9G7 roanue PYCKH KHC3 Cnerocaau npehe ;~yRan, pa301l ·oy·. rapcsy nojClty, OCBOjH 80 rpa)J.oBa II OC.lIaUH Byrapcxy TOJlHKO. )l.R Y Iboj nocraae auapxnja. Mci)ycooHa 60pua II paaaopn HC )l;a)l.OlllC Byrapnxa xoryhnocr« )l.a paryjy C BU3aHTlljoM. ~H)9 rO)l.IIHe Cueroc.raa 00 )l.pyl'u OyT npehe ,n;YHaB, a !l70 rO,2(OHCH BaJIKa.H, ocnojn (1)11.1110000.1., ann ce YCKOPO BpaTIf y Pycnjy. IIOIlITO Pyclm nojcna OCTaUII Byrapcxy, aayaerue je 97 i rO)\IlHC I'pun, IWJII If npernoPHIllC

ByrapcKY

rpqKy

npoauauujy.

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21

Byrapa,
918 ).\0 963

RaO IIITO peKOCMO, BJIa).\axy Malie).\OBHjoM 0).\ rO).\IIHe. Te rO)l,HHeBJIaCTeJlHH CucYU..f.O H AJIOaHHjy npunaaome IIpuIlITHHa, 0).\ Byrapa. rpaaona:

Illuw.-

.~~!, ).\Hroe ce npoTHB oyrapcltora

Mahe;r.oHujy

napa IIeTpa--u-o-Ciio(0)l,H CJlOBeOOxahezonCO<l>I1ja, JIeCltOBaU, na ceBepy j II;ap CaMYHJlO ocuoja

csoae
Hanr,

uapcTBy

Ilpaapea,

MHTpoBHUa na jyro-sanaay.

OXPH)I" 'RynpH.'b,

Ilpncaa -

Hlaurxan
987 )l,OHlfjy

ca CBOjOM BOjCKOM yna)l,e roznne rpqltH I~ap

y TeCaJIHjy,

,n;palI y AJIoaHHjH, ORO je

y Je:ra)l,H H

Bacaraje

Ileaonoaeay, II n()~e Ha' Mahey

H )l;o~e )1,0 Caaosoea, lIxTHMaH3 nap

aan onae, no)l, Iflrnnoa,

TeCHaI\Y lI:me~y

H CaMOltOBa pa30H ra CaMYHJlo nOoe)l;e, Itojy je oapje O)l; HCTHX Mopa OTI'pua cy

Il.lauuraa,
mao Ha)l,

c.'10BeHO-Mahe)l;OHCltH,H je)l;Ba ce enace oeCaMYHJlo noeae non COJlYHOM, nperpneo ooaJIa jaapaacaora

malbeM j 99G roanae

I'puaxa

IIOp&:!: rraaonre

,n;pa'l

n CBa jymHa

O;i. Mahc)J,OHCltIlX CJlOBeHa; 1001 ronaue

BJIa,ll;3JIII seh COOM BepHy

Tecaanjox,

Bepajox,

CpORI\OM.H

Bo-

,lI;eHoM. :\Iahe,ll;OHCltO U.aPCTHOOrpaHHQHJlO ce 'baMo aa _CC-

Maheaoanj y, jYl'OHCTOIIHY AJloaBHjy B Coenjcaa oKpyr. 1002 roanne fPI{H ocsojame CKOnJbe. 1014 roz; HaMe~y I'psa II Mahe)l;OHCKJfX Csaaeua nOHH11erpeha aojaa, Itoja ce caputa B}.'10 p~'tIlOl n'); napcra i ('aMYBJla IIIHIIIsraaa. OH ie npel')lrreo acecroan nopas KO)l; op)l;a BjexaCHIle

29

JYHa 1014 BO)l;eHY, 1017

roa; UUTO.o,

name uap

O,ll; 15000

CJIOBeBa oeme

OCJIeII.DeHO. 10151'0)l; rpusn IIpJlJIen, llITnII; 1'0)1,.-

Bacaruje

II OCBOjROXPH,lJ;,
It

OCTPOBO, Pa)J,oMHp, MorJleH

Hocryp ; 1018 roz,

-- -CO<l>Hjy.
..i- --

Ca na)l,OM nocraze Itojy je

Coeuje H cMphy Mahe)l,OHCItOra uap~ ~JI~npoaununja.

)J,UCJI303ca CBUM nponane BHsaHTJljclt3

Mahexoncso uapcrnon 1019 ronIlpn TOM Bacnanje II

apxajenacsonaje (1020 rox.) ,

OqYBa HeaaBUCHOCT oxpacse OHa )l;OouJIa 535 I'paa, HlljOM 150 npoTHBy

1'0,lJ;.I'pun cy BJla)l;aJIH Maheaoroz, 1040 rO)l,lIHC l\Ialie)l;OHCltH CJIOBeHHYCTamc aau no)l, COJIYHOM; npeTpnHlIIe crpauraa QO-

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" // "f\'...... "'~.. '

22
\ pas:

"

,1'-,

TO ce 36HJIO H

1073 roz. Y npanox

CMHC.lIY MaheoCJl060~uUle 0,1(

Csoeenu,

\ AOHCKora

1186

napcraa Ta~a He 6eme same. r. Byrapa (1'. j. 3a~yHaBcKH) ce

oyzapCKO.M
rpU,UJK8

ca C6U.\" He y'tacT606aw.e rOT06U c~a a8oYHlWCK8 B!I~apCK8 Cit ususernos« Co¢uje aOCT80e C8U· jU'H8 Syzapa. Y Malie~oHHjH Byrapu aanraxame TepHTopHjOM ~O Hpaaena H II~~r.onHje (Baro.sa). 1204 1'0)1;. Byrapa
.H

rpuae BJIaCTH'j y KOju Taoa oexyaoo

YCT8Jmy

.'ttafi.eooHcKU

npacajeaaaame C;OjHM B.JIa~aBHHaMa opaHulleBcKY OOJlaCT pamapame cnoje BJIa~aBHHe ~o Bepaje a y Tpasaja - ~o Je~peHa H ,lI;HMOTHXYj npu TOM AHxHjaJI oeraae y pYKaMa I'paa j 1207 Byrapa ocsojanre Cepes, aJiH UX re rO~UHe acrepa 8S Ilpoeesa sa penn Bapaapy Bot,a Mahe,lJ.OHCltHX CJIOBeHa KHe.1,lI;06puMHp,noMoliy cpncsor DeJlHKOI'myrraHa CTeBaHa Hexaaaha H O,lJ.MaXsa 'fUM H3rYOHme neha )(eo
MalielloHBje, JIYHOM noru6e ltOjH 3ayae oyrapCltH

enupcsa

~ecnoT

Toxop. IIo)( Co-

KpaJD HBaHHI\a . )(YHaBcKa

. 0)( 1218-1241
BeliHM )(eJIOM Tpanaje,

roa.

Byrapcsa

nose ce

Hajseha 0)( 6yrapcsax BJIa)(apa BJIax JOBaH Acea II o~ 1230 r. aaBJIa,ll;a

CltYOJDaTH y O)(eJIHTnOJIUTUqltU 0pl'aHU3aM. Malie;IJ.oHHje C ATOHOM, COJIYHOM, )(0 ,lI;YHaBa u ceBepoHcToIIHOM

Tecaaajox,
OHjOM )(0 B~a)(axy Delta. He rora, t,eR napa

AJI6aHujoM

Cp-

Beorpaaa. Y
.JIaTHHH, aJIH

Ilaparpaaoa ra jauana Byrapcsa

TO )(06a

H OKOJIHHOM He oeme ~yra

(t 1241) a Byrapcsa nose ~a

nonrro .Ioaaaa

npohe HU ner rO~HHa nocae CMpTH Aeena II ryoH, mTO ie aayseaa, Ilocxe
EnHpcKo-COJlYHCKH Ha~ I~ap .Ionan C060M aaarse oeUie npHHy~ecnOTa, none BJJacT nmcejcsora

1242 1'0)(. ~a npaaaa

III Baraua,
uyrapcKo

H npuMH naperno.

1245 roa. nap Baran oayae o~ Byrapa Cepes, Me.1bHHK, Poxon, Crauna.an, cny .Malie,aoHHjy ca Cson.sea, TeToBoM, CTOOOM, Ho.recox, 00qUjUM IIo.'bCM, Ilpocesoa j ltpajeM 124G ro.t. Tpn.r OB.:Ja,aallle
ee pacnaaara COJIYHOM, OCTaBUBIIIII enupcxonc ,lI;eCnoTY )(C.'IOBe aarraxue ~Iahe,aoHHje C BO,ll;eHOM OCTPOBOMH AJIOaHlljoM j 12541'0/"(' U

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23 6yrapcKH uap MHXaHJI AceH noeyma )\a OBJIa,1(aMaKe,1(OHHjOM, aJIR nOCJIe rporoaaunse oopoe xopaae O,1(YCTaTR 0,1( onoje aaaepe. OBe rO,1(HHe I'pua rrpacajeaaaame CBOjHM BJI3,1(aBHHaMa BO,1(eHY, ROTop, EJlOaCaH, OXPH}.{ H Ilpaaen. 1263 roz, 6yrapcKR nap ROBcTaHTRH Acea aay3e CKOIIJbe, Ilopes, IToJIor, H 3eMJbe ,1(0 Tlparena, aJIH yCKOpO CBe OBe :JaY3eTe aeMJLe nonpara I'puaaa ; 1280 1'0)1,. Byrapa jour ryoHme CBe cnoje aeM.be y Tpaaeja ; Malie,1(OHHja H3paaaje (')ellle noze.seaa HaMe~y I'pxa H Cptia H l;yzapu HJOMe 8Utue HU1~ac) He 8Al1()axy. 1323 1'011. Byrapa orenre 0)1, I'psa npORHHl(Hjy <l>HJlRnOnOJbCKY Poaoncsy, aJlH ycH KOpO aa THM xopazome ce OOPHTH ca CpORMa H I'punaa,
J'cryaU8tuu A!I()HU~Y, ooou Cpouja. oeo repuropuje CaMOK08, Cpou HxrU.MaH, aax

Fpuuse«,

C;yzapu

uazYDUtue

Huui, Kojll H8 C8azoa sa1330 zoouHe OTetue oc) rpKa_ Besec, Ilpocex It Illrun. 1333 roz, Byrapa no )lpyrR nyT npHcajeanaame It CBOjRMBJIa)laBHHaMa zeo Tpasnje ,1(0<l>HJIHce pacnaaa na ,1(Be xp- \ aeaae : HCTOqHY R aanaaay. TIpBa HMahame all. rrpeCTOHHI{Y TpHOBO H azaaame RCTOqHOM Byrapcsoe, C ,1(eJIOMTpa- )' ItHje, a y aanaaao] npecronnua 6eme BR}.{HH H ynpaB-, .same 3ana,1(HOM Byrapcsox, He npohe HR G roaana, a na Byrapcsy Bana,1(OIlIC Typnu. Byrapa rOTOBO 6e3 60p6e YCTynHUIe ']'yp1lHMa ,1(eo CBOjRx aeMa~ba; y HCTO )looa6yrapcKH nap JOBaH illHUIMaH, ,1(a OR aaapaeao nO)l C060M OCTaJIY reparopajy, sojy TYPIlH He aayaenre, .ll..a,1(e BOjy ceerpy CYJITaHY MypaTy aa aceay. C AJiH OBO He aa,1(pma Typite; 1393 naae TPHOBO H C H.HMC .... npccTa oyrapcKo HCTOqBOnapc;so,'a 13961'0,1(., 1I0mTU TYPuH aayacUIe H BH,1(HH, na,1(He H sanaaao uyrapcKo napcrao.

rrorro.sa, 1365 rozmre

Byrapcaa

Us ucropuje HyzapcKe 8Uc)U ce HeMO:HCe Aeatue DUTil, 0& OU6w.e 00 !393-t396 zo~. oyzapcKo ~apcT8o ,WKaOa He apeA83atue 3eM..bUw.Te c)YH8IlCKe 6YZ8pCKe, Koja ce zpaHU~ILA:l
A!fHa8OM
zc)e

HaAK8HOM,

QPHUM

MOpe.M, 1:UMOKOM u aeM..bO.H

OC80j888HJa

UCTUtte jYJICHa Mopa8a.

C8R.

Byzapa,

K81<0

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24
y Tpalwju epeue,
CK8 UC

TaKO

Y M8Iie~OH!lju, cy Byzaplt

u.w.a~8xy KapaKTep 8Aa08.lU eps»

ya-

ZpeOHe Uoha'llCe,

KOjO.W.

KpaTKO

roes xe MOZY xa 'H»U upAazaTU C8t)ja UCTOpujupaea. 0 eTHOrpa<l>CKHMnaa npaaaaa Byrapa na Ma-

he,l{OHujy

Tpasajy, rosopaheao ,l{OI\HHje. Ilponacr 6yrapCltOra H cpncxor napcrsa

H
NO

Geme He GyrapcKo

y
aa

je,!{HO HCTO ,l{ooa. CpnCKO l\apCTBO npeaease

66 roaaaa, Ilpe
ueliu
uo

1.U.TOlie C8C8U.\t U3ZY()UTU C8(}jy UB.1a-

eUCNOCT, Cp()U ce ZOT08,) 80 C80jy oTaV.()uuy

C8()ja

e. ()OpUW,B c Typqu.w.a, ()pajYN8'lKU a81.U.-

00 Ut)CAeO'H»eKaUU Kp8U j
o~ TypCKoza JK8'la.

()paueliu

tipse«,
U

OHU cy XU.b80aMa y.\tUPaA1t 00 ZA80U JyHa'lK8

Tep~88aJlfll

uaOSAU

3e.w..be aayaeA8 je H8jceeTAuje AucTulie y UCTOp,!jU CpUCKoza uapooa U ·ue080e uu jeoaN Oeo 3eM.be
TUTa Cp()8 ceoje epucxe,

oa

za ca ceUM U01'Aa'le Typu,u. UJiH U;pHy

CpGH, KOjH cy na-

Ce.1lHJlII3eTy qaK H raaa, nox A.JIH je

I'opy, onysaure CBOjy HC3aBHCHOCT

Ka,/\a I\C.1IO 6aJIKaHCKO nOJIyocTPBO nornaae ea CBHM ,/\pyratluja 6pahe Cp6a C acropaja 6yrapcKora aa-

BJIaCT·TypCKy.

poaa, IIpe,JiBo,/\HTe.'bHH Bo~e Byrapa caCBHM He yqaCTBooame

y 60p6H cnoje

Typuaaa,

HCTpe6.'baBajyIiH

jezan ,/\pyrora, a neh nOCJIe rora, Ka,/\a IbHXOBY 3CM.'bY aayseme Typua, CTYIIHllIC C H.IIMa y OpH. jaTeJLCTBo. I\a,/\ 1396 1'0,/\. yrapcKH KpaJL .lliHI'MyH,I{ no~e L ua 'I'ypse, OH,/\a Byrapa C Typuaaa 6paHHJlIe BH,/\HH• .113 KpaTKora xpoaoxorajcsora nperaeaa ncropuje 6yy nOqeTRY GopGe rapcxora H cpncsor napoaa BH,I{H ce, ,l{a cy npasa na 1\Iaaapoaa, pa3YMe ce ceCJIeMeHaT. rpqKH IiC,/\OHHjy cpncsora BCpHy aJIH He jymHy, a He 6yrapcKora

y KOjOj npeBJIa~yje

Je3HK Malie,/\OHCKIIX H ,/\CJlHMIIQeTpaKHjcRHX C.1IOBeHa rOTOBO ca CBHM HC JlHqH na je3HK, H3 3a)J.YHaBCKe Byrapcse, qJIaH ,,:!,Q." PYMCJInjoM, 6yrapcltOra llJIII "Ta". ROjHM roaope

Byrapa
pesa

KOjH )J.oJl.ajy rOTOBO cnaso] mTO ce 3Ha, BJIa,/\ax y, RpaTKo speae.

CCBCPHOM TpaRujoM sao

H:III caAamlLoM y speae ITa H ra BJla}ta

Byrajnr,

I\apCTBa, apxo

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I... . ,

Roja rpajame caAalboj

70 - 80 rOAHHa

orpaaauaaame
BJlaAaxy y

ce

eaao

na

t:

enapxaja
H

C)BJlRnOnOJLCKoj a BI~apa 6yraP~~ora

OCTaJlHM 3eMJbdMa BpJIO MaJlO. IlqaK

Tpasaje

Ilpaaopja Byrapa

aa TO, ~tc~~_aBaIb~
aK~ H. He .aa.npeae
Hl ~.

cesepay

TpaKujy,

\,

l.\~pCTBa, TO iIO~~~ _~~()Be) BpeMe ~o~ rOBopoM ro-

!.

npexza ce y lbeMY HaJl~:i~ iocTa pesa H 06.llHM, ROjl1 ra qHHe CPO)(HHM C je3HKo~ MafieAOHCItO epncsna. Byrapa 3aAYRaucKH Ha3HBajy eerie .,p.u~pUlf,", ,l(OK HCTOqRO PYMP.JIHjCRH ,,1·~ezapuH.", a ..
TOBO CJiHqHHM Cp6H H MaheAoHcRR CJlOBeHH ropae A.lIoaHllje H AO AaHac

nponac!~L 6exy .,!,aKo BeJIH~a, Aa. I. ~AaUIlbe BeHCKH eJIeMeiiaT llcToqHe P'YMe~~je rOBopH

1,....~~ .'
'

C·.6Yr~pcKHM,

124

--------..

ollYBaJiH cy

cpnesa je3HK H aaroaop peua ca cpncaax aal.\eHTOM, mTO yqHTe.1LH 6yrapcKo MaReAOHCltHX maoza .meJle )(a HCTHCHY 83 ynorperie. CBaKH Cp6RH Moze ce CJl060AHO CnOpa3YMeTH c Mafie,l(OHCKRM C.lIOBeHHHOM, H TO xaoro
C.ll060,l(HHje, Hero .lIH TpaKHjcRH CJlOBeHHH C ByrapIIHO)I.

Ocea jesasa, Ilpae

Tope,

ROjH cje,l(HlbaBa Mahe,l(OHCKeCJlOBeHe ca

CpoHMa H3 illYMa.1\Hje, ,l{uMaUHje JLeBHHe HMajy

Orape Cp6Rje, Bocae, Xepueroaaae,

H Ma~a}lCRC Cp6Hje, Cp6H H3 RpaceBepHe

H ,l(pyra rrpaBa

npaaa aa reparcpnjy
OAY3eTH. ,l(pyro

Mah.e,l(OHHje, l~oja HM ce He Mory

noese
UCTO-

eraorpaecsora
PUjCKO.

na Mah.eAoHHjy,
Cp6H.

jecre npaao

OHO CBeAOqH, Aa cy

BJla)(aJIH ceBepHOl\f a

,l(eJlflMflqHO H Cpe,l(IbOM Mah.eAoHujoM a rOTOBO TOJIHROHCTO ynpaBJLaxy 805 rOAHHe, M,l(a cy

name O,l( 150 roaaaa,

Mah.eAoHHjoM BpeMe H lbeHH O,l( 58~')(o I.\pRBeHO-HCy ca,l(aIlllboj

BJiaCTHTH BJIa,l(apH, aKO He ypaqYHaMO CBOjOM BJlaIllhy TOPHjCKO. JeJla)(y.

Mah.e)(OHCKH CJIOBeHH )(PmaJlH, no,ll;

Tpehe npaso jeere

H 'errapxHje

Enapxaje

y Mah.eAoHHjH, CROII.LaHCKa H 6HBPla

IIlTHrrCK&: TeTOBCKa, a TaKo~ep

Byrapcsoj,

casroaoncaa II hycrCH,,(II:JCJta, npanaaaae ty )(0 1767 rO)(HHC nehcao epncaoj narpajapnraja j OCTue cy naK enapxuje y Mahc)(OH IIj II, y RojHMa cronene-cpncsa eaeaenar npeoarahyje BaA rpqKUM, OBe: neasroacsa (6H-

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26
TO~CKa) CTPYMHHqK3, OXpH~CKa, ~H6paHCKa 'MOr~eHC&a, caeaaajcsa H neaecaa. OBO Ce~aM enapxaja ~o 1767 ro~HHe npHna~Mo je cacraay oxpaacse aesaaacae apxajenncaonaje; y Iby yJlaJRaxy H nese no cTaHoBHHillTBYqHCTO rpuse H a~6aHcKc enapxaje. Me~y TUM, 3axB~yjyhH nonycT~HBOCTH uaparpaacse narpajapmaje, Koja y speae rpQKO-oyrapcKe npsseae 60p6e, nornaae nox yTHUaj KpaTKOBH~HXrpqRHX narpaora, KOjH Mllill~axy )!;a nYTeM HenpaBHqHHX YCTynalha cpnCRHX enapxaja (y TOM opejy II errapxaja y Cr. CPOHjU, BOCIIH H Xepueroemra) RyrapUMa, oapaee noa B~aillliy uaparpaacse narpnjapmaje nexe CJIOBeHCRe enapxaje, 6yrapcltH ersapxar ycneo je He caxo ~a orua~a IbUMa, 80 a ~a y HeltHMa ?)!;IbHX nOCTaBH cnoje apxajepeje, sao y namsoj, aauraacao-nuporcaoj, CItOn~aHCKOj,. OXPH~CItOj, ne~arOHCKo-6HTo~CKoj, caaoaoncaoj II liYCTeH)!;HJlcltoj:IIoc~c PYCKO-TypCKorapaTa 1877-187i r. npse .~Be enapxaje say3e Cp6Hja, 83 Cson.sa, OXPJl~a H ~HTo.'ba 6yrapclte apxnjepeje acrepanre, HO sa TO enapxHje caMOKOBCKa hYCTeH)!;UJICKa CBa) npaaoaarne ce JI (He 6yrapcKoj RHemeBHHH ocraaome noa nJlam li y eraapxara. H II raso CPPII, saxBa."byjyliH CaH-CTetl>aHCROM, sa THM a I 6ep~HHCKOMyroBOpy, H3rYOHme H l caaraa enapxaje, aoje \ je, no upRBeDO-HcTopujCKOM rrpasy, CBaKaRO TpeOaJIO Bpa, THTH CpoujH, a HIIRaKO Byrapcsoj. CJIOBeHCK~-Ma.he)!;OHCKO CTaROBHHillTBO HOCHHa}lO)!;Hy

o~eliy ~OJIaMy, sojy R OCTa~H CPOH, H QYBa "~O )(aH3C OHe RCTe aapoaae OOHQaje,sao H OCTMH Cp6H na Illyaaaaje, Crape Cp6Hje, H OCTaJJIIXcprrcsnx seMa."ba; oOHlJajH cy OBH: crasa H~H npaaaosan,e xpcaor HMeHa CBOjHXnpe~aKa; osa] OOHQaj Majy caxo CPOH, H sa aera H He aaajy HH Byrapa, HH I'pna, HH PYCII, DH )(pyrn naPO)!;H.Y Byrapcso] c~aBy ,llpme caxo notiyrapeaa Cp61l 'y enapxnjaxn : caaoeoacsoj, hycTeH~HJICRoj, COeJ'HjCROj H BU)(HHCIWj,HO TaMO ce oyrapcltH apxajepeja crapajy, )(a

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27
.T

CJlaBY YHHmTe. IIITO ce H3Bptly aosaaaru alto Bor

Byrapaa

,l(PHHOB,*) mUBe

'meJlehH

MaKap KaKO lie MapeliH

)l.a )l.OKame, ,l);a y Malie)l.OHHju II PYCH. Oaaasa je 6yrapcKa

Byrapa,

HCTOPHjCKa easra,

ronopu,

)l.a CJlaBY IIMajy Jam,

Jla.at-

JlOrHKa: aKO ce Beli He Mome

C pa3JlOrOM, TO aa mTO )l.a ce He ynoTpe6H )l.a HeKO he 1I0BepHTH, KaO nrro nosepoaame BeHeJlHHa, 6yrapcltHx .1JaiKlI. HMeHOM

HUM HCTOPHjCKHM pa)l.OHHMa 0 6yrapClwj ,l(pHHoBa, H )l.pyrHx CJIHTH oea csor )l.cJla noz HMeHOM

HapO)l.BOCTHr, r,

Ilae KaJlOaa, Illorroaa

Ilfonos, sparaayje

Oeejsosa
;6yrap-', csoja noa :
';:1.

mOBHHHcra, KOju ,!;Ie YMe)l.Ome 1011(cesperap

Oeejeoa -

ersapxara,

3HaMe~HT je THMe, nrro

o<I> cj soaa,

nrraxnajyb«
ax H xsaJiu

t.J... <t(;;
\.

Illonosa

H nonesaz

H3)1.aje neae KIDHre nOBO)l.OM: oaa CJlOBeHClta HHeRa,

)l.eJla O<l>ej t0Ba. 1 l\falie)l.OHCKU CJlOneHH HMajy uoja H Cp6H, KaO l\fHJlOIlI, ,1.(paryrHH,

Masocaa,
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,1.I;ymaH,

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H JYHaItC, aJlu sa ovrapcae cnora necae

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28
,1l;a CnOMeHeMO aese TOra Oreeana KpUa CB. je O~ ILUX: y y MaUaCTUp BalLCKU CDe y 'RycTeH~UJIy,

Byrapesoj,

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a.eroaoj npeCTOUUUH; CS. COcI>Hja, CTapOM CprrCKOMrpa){y Cpemy (cazama.o] COcI>uj y II),
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29
opSTa HCMa!bHh~ -TCqC -

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npanaranaa nesa. H cpncse

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32
POM, a C ILIIMa U BOCRa, nOJ{ yTRllajeM upHoropCKux no6eAa, yCTajaxy na Typse. PaTOBH, Koje je BOABJIa Aycrpnja nporas Typcse H KOjH ce cBpIIIHIIIe 1699 rOAHHe ItapJIOBaqKHM, 1718 rOA. nomapeBaqKUM, 1739 r. oeorpaACKUM, 1791 rOA. CBUIIITOBCKHM' MHPOM,saAaAome CpOBMa. MoryhHocTu, Aa jYHaqKU yqeCTByjy y 60pon npoTuB Typasa, YCTaHaK Cp6a 1715 rOA. 1 YPUH yrymulIJe, aaxsaJLyjyhll Crapo] CpoujH, Koja. OCTaAe nycra RaA ce H3 1M Burne OA 200.000 CpOa UCfJIU y jymHy Ma~apcKy. CPOB, KOjH ee npeceaanre HS Crape CpoJlje H Booae y jyatHY Ma~apcKy, OCHOBameBOjHUqKY rpaHHUY, Koja je noaohy CpHCRU~ paroriopaax rpaaasapa , cyaoHjaJla aanaze Typasa na Ma~apclty. 1804 YCTaAoIIIe aa 'I'ypse Cpou us illYMaAHje, AaoaIIIlLe Cp6Hje, no)l, ynpaBoM Eapa-Bopha; 1807 rO)l,-RHe OBB oCJ(ooo)(ume CBOj Itpaj 0)1, ,1I;puHe)l,O THMORa H SA ,n;YHaBa zo Hanra H Honora Ilasapa ; 1809 roaaue yeraaoure CpOH BOUllLaUH, KojHMa npnrpna cpncaa BOjCRa; CjeHHua, Bamerpax, Bjeaaaa, JalLRoa (y BOCHO), Cpe6pHH~a OCJIOOO)(;HUle0)1,I'ypasa ; 1809 1"0)l,HHe aao ce ' o lllYMa)(;RHJ.J,H acraxorue 100.000 BojHHlta nporany Typalta "sa KpCT qaCHU U cJ(OOO)lY 3JJaTHY".Oaasan opoj caezova, )1,30 can HapOA jYHaqltR Aurao na aore aa CJIooo)l,y; ce 1810 rO)(;UHe'I'ypna cy MOpaJiHOCTaBHTIlCpOHjy H )l,a1'H joj 181'2 ro'AuHe yHyTpamlLy caMoynpaoy. 1813 roaaae TYPUH ce KpeHyme nporaa Cpoa ca aanaaa (U3 Boese), jyra (0)(; Hama) H BCTOIta (0)(; BU)I,BHa),B C MHoroopojHoM BOjCROM 3ayselle Cpoujy; 1815 roaane CpUH ce orrer UPHXBaTHme opymja U ,1.(01817 roaune OqUCTUIIIeCBOj Itpaj OA Typaaa, KOjH caao ocranre 110Top,1.(RlbaMa. Je)l.peHCltllM MHpOM 1829 rO)(;OHePycaja npaaopa Typcsy aa IIpH3Ha HeaaBHCHOCT pooje, KOjy cy CpGu seh Sa)l,OOHJlH C 110J~eHy cnoje KpBH. Ilpaxepa caaonoacprnoaaa.a Cpoa, CBe)l,O oaUHIX AaHa, ycneme neh sayaera najceeraaje JIucTulie y HC'rOPUjll cpncsora oapo)(;a H yqHHUme Typae KpBHBM cpncRIIM HcnpujaTeJLUMa. Ma C RBMe 'I'ypua BojeBaJIU Y

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,
33
EnpOIIH, cy ca PYCHjOM, AYC1'PHjOM .HJIH ca TpqltOH,- TypnH

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H8 nOCJIeTKY MalieAoHcKe lIBMe ce He HOJ'Y Halie)(OH(~KH Cp61l

nosmpe C HMCHOMByrapa,
aa I1UTalLe: KO cy?

nOHOCH'fU, npexaa

~l

OArOBap.ajy YBClt: nMBjaUH. UR, BOK)(OBUH, npo()y)(uJlS OHU He I'pnu, caora HC, ee

IIo.'LaHH, KYMaHOBUU, ,n;u6pjaHu" para

Iljesaaa,
aaponaa MpTBRH mCHaMa H

Iloxoaeaaa,

-Bpcje H )(1'.
I.. AS Rojll)l,O

YCKOpO nOCJIe PYCKO-'fypCKora Ta)(a cnaBaxy

1828-1829
Byrapa,

caMOCBCCTRO)(

CHOM, OCTaB.:LajyliB TYPUBMa, RSO

caMUM

shepaxa ~HXOBBM pacnOJJamy,

.csereha UM ce sa cpaMory,
nOpO)(HlIHOr Ol'ILHmTa.

nrro cy
0)( 'I'ypasa

TO lIHHH.1IK cBeTKILY rOAR-

Cp()B U AJl6SHCSB, lIyBajyliu

pary

Pycuje pycse

nporan BOjCKC,

Typeae 1828-1829
HHmTa 0 BC xcraure

Byrapn

HHCY YlICCTBOBaJIH. Ha YCTaH&R Cp6a U T'paa, 11Mxacao caxa I'psa U

HII noticAc

Byrape
6yrapcKu

H YJlIlTIl nacua YCTsuaK no()c~eH",

noaeraha C.llOOO)(B. Y caaaae spexe

OUU HC xreaome jep cr Morome nOTmeJlCJIu,n.a OBH )(Ocra )(O()UTB, CP- )(pyre roaaae uojasaaa

npu3Hajy,)(S

noxoha
Gy)(y

S THMC

Opria, Byrapa

mTO ce )(OUHHje H nOTBp)(B.lIO. CaHO cy paTOBaILS, U TO

1829

r, na ()aJIKaHCKUM ropaaa

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35
X~i,ll;YIlH, aJJR cy Jt ORR BeliHROMOHJlHCpOH H3 COq,Hjcaora caauasa, K.oj.u jom He H3ryoume CBeCTH,lI;a cy CpOH. A Byrapa y HCTOqHOjByrapcsoj, Y K.ojoj ce Kpe,.~ T8JIa pycKa nojcsa, soja H~ame II,apHI'pa)(y, npe cy oTe-r' " maBaJIH, Hero Jln nOMaraJIH KpeTafby pYCKe sojese. OCTa- " jylill no aaaa, K.OpHC'l'nJIH cy ce nparennsenomhy TypaRa, KOjH cy ..mUBHJIO :3a.l1.YHaBclwjByrapcso], n ' sa-' " y naxaaa cy na IbHXOBa" ceaa, rpatieha 0 npaneha HaCH.ia: ' a nonexaz npesaaeaxy aa crpany T ypCKy H yaHeMHpa-] Baxy pyCf~y pe3epBY, xau vurro oeme noz llIy:~fJIoM. 110CJl(',lI;~Hcpncso-rypcsa, a sa IbHMe H PYCKO" TYPCRO par nOCBe.l1.01lHO .l1.a Byrapn, He l'Jle,ll;.Jjyhnna ocehaje aa- " " je, cy PO,ll;HOCTIf, Koju ce npotiyaaure KO.l1.!LUX II no,ll; y'l'lIl~aieM. \ caaax CBOjO~Bo~a, nehuaox lWPHCTOJbyoHBnxH HeOO"- ' ," Ul'reHHX1 OCTajaJIOPOBHO,ll;ymHHnpexa 00p60, KOjy je nonnraa Pycnja aa 1b0XOBYcJlooo,ll;y. BpJIO"je renneo 00JIO sa pyc~e sojcaonohe, ,lI;a oopa1yj y mec r O.l1.eJIefbay:' o rapcse BojcKe HC!(JbyqUBO O,ll;xaj.l1.YKa (Pyca 0 Cp6a),;. KOjO cy ce OOpH.lIUy .Cpooju H U;PHOj rOpII, a TaKoljep II O,ll;oecapancKHx Byrapa , KOjH cy ce, non YllpaBoM ; xpatipux pyCl~nx BHlUHX II Hn.mHX O<l>Hl~lfpa, OOpHJlHc/ Typnasra MymKII II jYHaIlItH. A caMII Byrap», )(OqeKyjyIiH C BeJlHKHl\foaannjaaa napa OC.lI000,ll;lfOlla, IICTOapexe y lta,ll; ce aanra Boj~Jta sperara, KPIlJlH cy cc B3a KOMope a 33 TIIM, OCTajyliH noaaxn, JIahaJIH cy ce npehaunsera aanara ,lI;0 xapajy 'I'ypae, ltOjH cy ocraxa y aeM.'bH. Y TO 006a A.(HOW OD }bUX 6u.f.1J. cy T~JpCl\e yxooe • Macro Byrapa sa OBaKBe nocrynxe nporany CBOjHX OCJlOOO,ll;uaaua, OCY,ll;HO je BOjHHlIKlI cy)( H nporepao l!~_ocrpno CaXaJIHH. Y epeue CPUCIW-TypClwza psr« 187{; zodii,ie

Cp6u;'

rpanUl\y KO,ll; IIHpoTa, paa,ll;aJIHcy opymje; Byrapaxa, no OBRHe npOMHIUJb.ajyfiH MlloronpC.l1.a,ll;omera : Typnaxa H oapeecme cecaasora CY,ll;CJIOBalha yCTaHKy. y 3a l)yHHcr~H nop~3 CpOO He Tpeoa ,lJ;aaaxsaxe HUKOM ~ ){pyroM, Hero oyrapcKHM YXO,ll;aMa,KOjH cy na.bCBHHoM
3*

npouramna

i ,

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DOAeHHlle HSAaJlH TYPllHMa aperaae cpnese nojcae. HeKOJIHKO6yl'apcKHX YXOAa CT}>eJLaJIH cy CpOH 1876 roa Caxo y speae cpncno-tiyrapcaora paTa, soja je ItSaSBaO RpaJL MHJlaH 1886 rOAHHe, Byrapa cy ce jYHaq&H noxaSUH.

Hsuxoe«

60jCK8,

'Kojy cy

pYCKe 6oicK08o~e

oot5po

.. , A8Ka. je MOMa oop3lCaTU W aocpacxo ..f 60jC1(O..t(, .1(oja je HepaOo l ' Ut.UA8 !I par apOTU6Y Byzapa, xao cfJoje t5palie, a c 0p!lze erpene, YCTyaajyltu C;yzapu.Mll ao t5pojUOCTU U uaopy;JlCll}tOCTU, CPOH, Roje npeasoaanre phaae nojcxouohe , xpeaWJY'lUAU tL OUC~UllAWto68

6edy

Hac) Heype~eHQ.lf.

Type MHJIaHOBe, sao ,lla cy eaaa ceoe OCY,llOJIHna KJIaH.e. OAp.maBOIH cjajHc nooeAe BaA cpnCKOM BOjCKOlrf, Byrapa nccraaome npaBH SBepODH. Tpaa JIilPOT H eeza, Koja Byrapa sayaenre, nOABprHYTa cy npasoxe paaopclLy H rpa6emYi MHoro HeMoliHIIX crapaua ca CBOjOH mCHalla nOOHme, meHe H HenYHOJLCTHY ,D.eny CHJJOnalIle. OHO mTO cy qHnHJIH oamHoosy~H)I qCPKCCII y AOJlHHaHa Tyune H MapHIlC 1877 rO,D.HnC,TO cy qHHHJlH Byrapa ca CBOjOH HeMohHOM 6pah.oM CpoBMa 1885 roa., a sa THM, nocae rOAH· Hy ,D.ana,crpasam cy csoje jynaKc H cnaCBTCJLC OTaJ,lOHne . .I'pnso-tiyrapcso npKBeHO naraae, Roje noanse yCROpo nocae HCTOllHOra pam 1853-1854 r. oMoryliH BO~HMa 6yrapcKora HapO,D.a,D.a ys BeJlBKY npanoaoh TypC&e ynpase B naura 3HaTHO noja.qajy oyrapCKY nponaraH,D.y y MaheAoHRjH H TpaKHjH H .n.a.n.y MoryliHoCTH 6yrapRSMY Aa o.Ilpmn TaMO sHa'fHY nooe.n.y. IIOOCAY 6yrapHsMa Ha,D.CPIICItHM CTaHOUHnmTnOH y MaKeJJ;OHHjuH y HeKO.lHKO Ha,D.rpqKHM y TpaRBju B y Malie,qOHHjH T~eoa ,D.OCTanpnnacara BPJIO HCIIpOMHmJLeHHH R JIaKOMHCJICHHM nOKpeTHMa BacCJICHCKenarpajapnraje, Roja je oojeliH ce 6yrapQcILa nOJIyrpqKHX H nOJIYBJIamKHx. cnap xHja y Malie.n.OHHjR H TpaKHjH, y paSMCHY 380 ILHX Y CTynHJIa Byrapaxa cpncse enapxaje, He caxo y Malie,D.OHHjH,seh H y Crapo] Cp6HjH, BOCHR H XepncrOBBHHByrapcsa eaarpaaaja, OJ{ TpB,D.CCeTe rO,D.HHe 080ra

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37
DeKa, YTBP,IJ,HBWH noaajsame y PyMyROjU B Y HeKOce JlHKO y Becapalioju, nYTeM nrraxne H npeso CBOjUXare-. nara B38.3BaJla cayxemhe jaaaora MHeiba y .Ienpoua H je

y PYCHjH. CJlOBeHC~B ~~li"p9!!l0yHH !tOHH~!l_~TI!~~.1! 1858

rOAHHe, y Mo'c'KBii~rOTOBO cas

coo} ila,i'-ynpaBBo

je na no-/I

)lB3albp. Byrapa. MHorH 6yrapC!tH npaaua, ROjB cy ee nonaaam sao RenpHjaTCJLBPycaje, BeliHHOMcy liUJlH CTU-\ neH,IJ,HCTe OCROBCKora M CJlOBeHCKor ROMBTeTa ) IIoWTO je 6yrapC1t3 nponaraaza y Malie,lJ,OHHju B TpaKujH Y recaoj sean ca rpqKO-oyrapcKHH upaneaaa naTaH.eM, TOApmBHOsa HymHo peha 0 lLeHY HeKOJlHKO peua, )1,0 1393 rO,lJ,UBe. . j. ,lJ,onpOnacTB 6yrapcKo~a napT crsa, aa OaJIRaHCKOMe nOJlyoCTpny 6HJle cy nesaaacae npxse , oyrapcKa BIB TPRODCKa narpajapmaja, cpncsa naTpHjapIIlHja HJlIl nehcaa U CJlOBCHO-rp1IKa apxnjenacsoneja OxpH,IJ,CRa. • TPHOBCRaoyrapcKa narpnjapmaja cspmaaa je CBoj mHBOT 1393 rOAHHe. Ka,lJ,a cy TYPUB 3aY3eJlH Byrapesy H OCBOjllJlHTPHOBO 1I0CJlC,!I;lbera Byrapcaor narpnjapxa JetllTuMHja II TYPUII nocaame U3. TpHOB~, ReRY)l.a y Mahe,lJ,OHHjy.OR je yMpO 1400 r. y <PHJlunOlIOJbY. YCROpO nOCJIeIbera, 6yrapclta ce upsaa 06paTH C MOJlOOM I~apHrpaacsoxe narpajapxy AHTOHUjy IV H rpsaoae uapy MaHyHJly IIIIaJleOJIOry)l.aje y3My no)l. CBOjy3amTBTy. Be~BRa II;apHrpa)l.CRa npsna nOXHTa)l.a aaspnra meJLY oyrapcKejepapxaje B 1393 rO,lJ,BHe PROBCRKpxajenacsoncsa npecro, T a nOCTaBmH HHTpOnOJlBja,3aY3He HKTpOnOJlBT HOJl)l.aBCItOBJlamKH, I'ps Jepeaaja. YBepeHoC1: 6yrapcKHx naeana, )l.a je TpHOBCKanarpajapmaja HaCBJIHO nporasy me.'Le 6yR rapesora HapO)l.a H rseroee jepapxaje nOT'IHILeHa naparpa)l.CROMenpecTo.!y, onpospraaa ce BetaTRMe, WTO narpajapx Ilaparpaxcna Y TO spexe Huje 3anHCHOOATypCKora CYJITaHa.na p8.3YMe ce ,lJ,a HHje xcrao HR YTUn;aTBaa pa)l. TYpCRe ynpaBe O)l.HOCHO oyrapclte npsse B nOKopBTB je BOA CBOjy BJIaCT.TaRO BCTO .lIaataB je H assenrraj 0 npo-

h
,t~(~~"

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Google

38
rHalhY , nucyjy oyrapCItOra narpajapxa JeBTBMuja nacua, y MaJIY

A3ujy,

,Ka.o IDTO BeJIe CaBp~MeHU 6yrapcRB II;apUrpa.1\CKOMe narpajapxy.

ROjH OBOnpD-

Cpncso-Ilehsa na-rpHjapmaja 3aBplUUJIa je CBOj .iKHBOT 1766' rO.1\HHe.,IJ;oBe.1\eHa, nOCJIe. npece.sersa Cpoa H3 Crape CpoJJje, .1\0 spajtser-a <l>IIHaHclijcKora pacrpojersa U onrepebeaa npHBaTHuM AYrosaxa, emrcsorm, ruaja otipara IIocJI(, rora xo]e . HU' narpajapx, He 'oexy HH cpncsa . MUTpOnOJIHTII
II

y CTaIhY HCOJIaTHTU, nehua narpajap

CaMYUJIO, nOlUTO My ce c nBCMeHOM MOJlOOM y KPBJIO BeJlUKe narpniapmajy

MOpaJia je na nOCJfeTKY B3ryuUTU CBOjy ucaaBHCROCT' BaCeJIeHCKU uarpajapx, narpajapmuj'y Beli H .1\eoCPDCKUX apxajepeja llJIaTH .1\yr

.1\a "PUMU iLUXOBY CTOBe npsae, cjezmseaa xona

XPR-

sa nebcay

cYJITa-

HOBOj RaCH U O.1\MaXnOCJIC rora KaTe.1\pll.

oU' cYJlTaHCKHM <J!HpMaHoM a narpajapH ~jC.1\UlbeHa ca

ca IJ;apHrpa.1\CROM narpnjapmnjoa

y Ileha oemc
MUTponoJlujoM.

sarsopeaa

II pnapeacaox ,lI;pyre 'I1IlIjC

rO.1\UHC noeae "pHcaje.1\UR,elha

nehae narpajapcsoj mBBOT B ox-

BaCeJlCHCKOMC ,npCCTOJlY, saspma

IHf.1\CKa apxujenucnonaja.

Heaanucnoer
f>35 roaaae,
unjaa nao II 01\ rsera

OXPU,1{CKCapxajenacnonsje po~clha aaanao ra

nOQUIhC 0)( nap JYCTR. O.1\eJlHTY soja je

Ka.1\aje aa MecTY csora H

OCHOBao rpaa,

no CBOMe HMeHY H OCROJYCTaHujaHe, ee

OJIIICKUX OKOJIHHX enapxuja IIpBe )~aKHju,

HC3aBJlcHY apxnjernrcuonajy.
OIlJIa

Y cpexoaeaaoj Belty

na MecTY .1\aHallIlbera 1\y-

CTeH)I;II.m, II neua.

nocaexa.n nyT
.JOCII<J! (HiO

cnosnuse

noueray

VII
apxll-

Y IX
;

Ha OXPH.1\CKOj narezpa 1'0)(.) H 'Bop~c

OJUU cy

jcnucnonn je .npaBa

(878 1'0)1;) 1020

rrOTBp.1\Ho ;

ron. 1'plll\.l1 Hap BaCIIJlHjc, ocnojaanm .1\UHC aa OXPU.1\CKY apxujenacxorrajy apxajennceorre aeoaor rpKe. nOROBOje nOTnp,llIfO npaBa

l\IaIiC)(OHujy, nouexa

HC:laBflCHC OXPJI)I;CKC apxajenacaonajc

1055 ro-

cy

nOCTaB.l>aTH

1272 1'O.1\IIHCl~ap ~fHxaH.1JO III. IIaRc3aBHCHOCTH. -971 ro-

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Google

apxajenacsoaa cy CraHOBa.JIH y Ilpecna, OA.aRJIcje xarezpa RpajeM X sesa npenemeaa y OXpH~. A pXBjenocRonHja OXpB){CKa 6nJIa je CJlOBeBCRO-rpllIt3, jep je 06yxBaTBJIa enapxaje He caao OBe, y RojuKa 6exy CJIOBeHH, aeh II OBe, Y RojHMa ZIlBJbaxy I'pua, 380 speae }LeHOra ZllBOTa 06.1aCT apmjerracaonaje npeaasaaa je 'lac
){,HRC nOJ{ BJiaCT rpIJRHX, lIac epncsax y lI>eHY Hca8BHCHOCT H HC n;apeoa, ROjR Be ABpaxy

nosopaaaxy ~eBC enapm]e BJiaCTII uaparpsacaora HJlB rpsscr rrarpajapxa. Y KHHyhcu 1767 rOJ{RHe oxpaacae, apxajenacsonaje HHje ce XTCJIOAn.
napoaaoj npRBO, RaO ~TO
GyrapcKH PH30B H J{p. caAa y CBojHM 6pOlllHpaMa IIIolIOB, ORCnH qy~aRoB,

HalfCCC YAapa 6yrapcRoj AORa3yjy ,Il;PHHOB, O<l>CjKOB -

lis HCTOPHjCKHX aRTa BHAH ce, A8 cy, C H3Y3CTKOH HCKHX apxajenacsona MahfAOHCRBX C.lODeHa, KOjlf cy 6HJlB AO 1078 rO,lf.BHC, H sa THM apxnjennexona JOBaHa, xaporoaaeaaora 1183
rO~HHe, JoaRBRuja H

Ceprnja,

ROjH cy 6BJIB y

apexe napa

Aeeaa II (OA 1230 AO 1245 r.) CBR OCTa.JIHOXPHACRR apxajenacsona 6HJlR cy I'pua ; a enapxajama apxajepeja BehllBOM cy aa aaxren ype~elby, 6UJlR I'pna UJIH Cp60, aJlH HRRaKO

Byrspa,
Huje 60.10

CaMO YRHHyhe aaccaeacsora

OXPIIACRCapxnjenaesonaje

BaCeJleHCKe narpnjapnraje, narpajapxa nOlIlTO cy ee rypcse name

seh

YCJleA

crapaaa

CaMYRJla 0 n;pRBeBOH J{06POM xemare Raze, aenpeeraao H apxajepeja ,lJ;aje 00-

y Hn.HMeHOBaH>aOXPHJ{CRRX apxajenaesona
OXpHACRora cJle~lLcra npeCTOJIa. ,Il;ocTa je Aa ce

crozeha, npe yKIfHyha

iJaXBaJbyjyhH

Re3aBUCROCTH O:XP0.J;CKC necroj enacsoncaoj

apxajenacsonaje

sa II>CHOjnpBOCBeIDTeBRtlItoj KaTC,IJ;pH 6HllO

24 apxsjenacsona,
CTall>a.

npo-

MeRH, CTBapH OXpRJJ;CKC npase ApxujcnHCltOnR, ce mTO CTapaJIU QY npe

AOlIlJlC cy AO spao 2Ka.1[OCHa CBOj HOBan; H je

JJ;06UBlIIU RaTe,lf.py RynoBuBoM, ,If.a rrospare OBOMe, apXUenRCItOnnja RClIJlaTRTH. lIM8j

,.;a CTeRRYi na, IIa.la y AyroBe, TOR')'My,

38XOaJLyjyliH

ROju ee He xorame

rrocaersn !beH 8PXHjClIRCltOll

yho Apeeaaje, oa C80jltltl

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Coogle

40
MHTpono.1JHTHMa,.u;ao je ._, rpajapxy nucaeay MO.'10yBaCe.'IeOCltOMe· an npeaa H .u;a no.u; npH apxRjcIIIfCltOllHje isea npasa CaHYHJIY, MOJIchH ra, .u;a6y.u;e nouycrauu He3aBHCHe oxpaacxe oapeaao ce

TeDlROH H· BpJlO maJIOCROM CTalLY npHHH ltJlHP H naCTBY TOM Ca.M apxaerracaon crojaao je 83 CBOjy 3aJlITHTY H .u;a TUMe nonpaBII CTaHOBHHDlTBO oxpaacse n03Apa.BHJlO

upsnenoaoaeaj;
itoje

aYTOlte<l>aJlHHX. ce eapa.u;OCHO narpajapH cxertse He

epxajenucxonaje,

I'pxa,' CJlOBeHO-Cpoa H "I\.YUOBJIaxa, npexaaan- nox BJlaCT Bacc:rCHCKC

Y IbOj BeJIHRY 3aIUTHTy. lfijTpnre
ROjU yRRHyheM Hsry6HDle BeJlHlte npuxoae

UIHje; Bu.u;ehH TypCRHX, nama,

aYTORe4>aJlRje Oxpnaese (6aKmHme)

a. :IHjcuHCltOnnje
ycoomey aoje

onoxe. IIpaBocJlaBHO Mahe.u;OHCRO CTaHOBHHI1lTBO, H CHOCJlOOo.u;HHje.Ilpa npaaaaa ,lJ.elUf YJIHBaxy y caMoj JI,lJ.~je sacraapn,

ce )(Oca~a MUPHJlO ca CBOjOM 6ecnpaBHomhy OTBapaTH III ROJIe, soje 'npullajy

CHJlO TYPCltO HI'O, Y3.u;aHyJto je , nosenre - PO,lJ.HOCfU II aJI" .)lpyKlJHje llapH

CJIooo)J,e. OBaKO jeOHJlO 0 TOMe 6yrapcKH Mahe)lOHClm

JlamHII ncropa-

H ~yrapoMaHH.

BHO.n;yllIHH y nopOH aa aeaanacuocr CRO nOJlYOCTPBO, Cozya, ItHja,

I'pmr He ooraaorue pa.Iexaae; neao Xa.lIltlJ)J,KUTpOC, KOJIaJJ.pyl'H I'pa)J,OBR Ma-

Cepes,

HeBpOKOII,

Bepnja, K03aH, Konaaa, ,2I;paMa II

cy

y rp'lKoj

MaJie)J,OHHjH jyna'llm 60p6c

YlleCl'IlOBaJlH y 60p6H

31\· C3I060,lJ.Y.Ienaae,

a:m C,10nCHCltO craHOBHUUlTBO y OCTa.:J.e paBHo.u;YUIHO.

1'••

t.C,lJ.OHlljU sa cue npexe YTHIJ.ajC"l uyrapoMaHHjc, oop6y

Ilox

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nOCJIC)(lhllX Tpll.u;CCCT rOJJ.HHa.,xao

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HCTOpHQapa aa )l.ooron, naaana 1'0)1. 6op60M ... CJJOBeHH" C1')).

'I:'Ta xn:j)(Y'I;I.(»)~;!.i(': •.

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0 nojaan

ItIIX Ha Ga:lI\aHy u 'f.'Ia je II (Jopclin

II

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F-

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je I'pu

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Coogle

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CYJJROT R3

nojaaa.naanre C nesaKBRM xaj)(yu.HMa na Poaony HJlB Baasauy. RpnncliH naTpHjapllIHjy aa npaeajema.erse OXPJf,llCKC
R Hltlta)(a ce He oyrapcltR mrcua y cBOMe U.RHH3MYR)(Y Byrapa y

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BepROBRba:

"Tonorpatl>HqeCKO-eTHOrpa4'll-

necsa oxepuo MaKe)(OHHR" BT)(. 1889. r. y Ilerporpaay. Ilpexeraasajybn y JlaatHoM 06J1RKy cje)l.HlLelLe He3aBIICHe OXpH)l,CKe apxajenaesorraje ca uaparpaxcsoa narpajapmnJOM BepKoBR'" BeJlH: Bojasaa )(aHe nO)(Ua)(HY noz BJlaCTI'psa ORJla je rauo CRJlHa, )(a cy ce MHorH pemam )(a' npaxe MyxaMe)(aHCTBO jom npe )(OJiaCKa TypCItHX 'qeTa, ')(pyrH He3KeJleh~ OCTaBRTR npa)(e)(OBclty' Bepy; paaaje cy OTBllIJIR Y naaaaae. MOrJIeHCItOra MHTpOnOJlRTa IbapR'oHa TOJIRKOje OmaJIOCTRO II 3aQY)(1I00e300mHR(?) noerynaa narpnjapxa CaMYH.1Ia, )(a je neepebnas pa)(Hje R3a6pao,lla

OCTaBH xpulIIhaHCTHO, ?ltUX

Hero JlU )(a

oae

no,ll BJlaCT

uapHrp:",.i~

eaaapaora. OBO mlfBOTHO pemea,e MRTpOnOJlHT je ocrsapao npaora )(aHa Y cspca, nonrro ce cspnmaa Jln-, rypruja BJla)(HRa je )(OlUaO y U.pltBy BpJlO y36y~eR, a TaKO nCTO pacrroxoaceae oelUe n RO)( cseurrenasa , KOjB cy
3HaJln aa HaMepy MHTponOJlHTOBY. Oxpeayeura JbapHOH ,lI;a OR ce lheM by peve: .,,n;a
Oil

ce aapozy semasa, eaaeryjex

II

ce RaOerJla MyqelLa enapxnje

II

enacao HapUJ( (y
O)l, Harne

MyxaMC)(aHCTBY?)

BaM )l,a. yltJloHItTe

KaTacTp0tl>y npaaa-

MyxaM(')~aHCKe

nepe. Helm

sa OBY BeJlRlty necpeU.pKBR, oaronapa ,n;altJl(>, 6paho,. ja npea caM

11 IlITCTY, Y11HILCHY XpHC ronoj lUI,rpHjn.il~: Cn.MYIUO ..•. ,lJ,a noiiomHII :WjHM cuo

Borosr Baexpc",

npuayhe»,

11 l'a)(OCHH

nosapaa:

"XPRCTOC

)l,0 )taHac n'):I)(paBJLaJIH j!")(aH )(pyrol', noaj paM ~allpOJIcyH!" Ha OBalW HCO-~t. . ". HapO)( O)l,rOROpR ymacHIB( n.1aQOM 11

!la.MeH""1 noaapasoa: Ilel~HnaHII

nompau
o)t uora

.-

1-\

jeuau.ea,

cy

ce

TpCCJIC 3R)(RHe xpaMa.

Ka)(a

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42
: cy .' jy, ce R3a6paHH eaKynRJlH y. MHTI10nO.lIHjR )J.a ce CaBeTypeWRIIIe, ));a cTerHYBWH cpne, HCTpeOJbelLa. ytlHHe no MHTpOnOJlHTOMHTponOlHT, rrOBepJLHBlfM YBepeR, ce .ll.3 4>aHapHOHe

By caBeTY H npHMe MyxaMe.llaHCTBO CBH,)J.a 6H ce H36erae MyRe H

Kao

WTO yqDHH PYCKHM

T8KO YQHHHWe rOTOBO CBa ceaa MOrJleHCKe enapxnje .... '

Caonmraaajyh«

CJlHqHY Jlam

,tfHTaOQHMa, r. BepRoBHIi, je )J.a lie PYCH nOmaJIIITH He 08 caao norrraaa Ta, peWUJlH .l\a npH¥e 4>aHapHOTH, 60peliH noseaaame CBaRe ocyze

6e3 cYMlLe nOTDYHo KOjH cy ~apHrpa)J.CRHX

necpehae Byrape,
UCJl8M. Me~y

'no)); aaacr

TUM TH ~apurpa)tCKR

ce aa He3aBlIcHoc:r )J.ymy sa naCTBY

I'psa

H Cp6a,

noaoaeam
nocTyrraK

CBOjy.

,1I,OCTOjHII

MOrJleHCROra MHTpOnOJlHTa H

ae-

rose naerne
japxara cpaMoTY

He rroTBp~yje

HII HCTOPHja, HH aRTa narpa-

H RaRO H3rJIe,1!a H3MHCJlHOra je r. 6yrapcKe Hapo,iHoCTH. TaKo~e r.

Bepsoaah

ce He Mome

TBP)J.IITH,HH caonnrrean je nOHUKaO oajarH CJlaBeHCRe ClymoeHe eeaa \ y enacaonaje, rpsae aa TPHOYT Beliy 6eme npoaaao npsaeao nnje, pH));CReapxajenacsonaje.

Bepxoaahea

xerese

Byrapa, KOjH

no-

aa

1767 rO));BHe O)J.Maxnoexe yKuHylia oxIIo penaaa r. Bepsosaba, "Olle

RIbHre 8y IlCHY.-" oexy oaneceae H3 3aCeOKa II .l106UBeHe ROJla pYRonuca HaRHa)J,y sa IbUX oexy

,,01t0 300

ra3));aMa TypCItHX RynaTRJI8 y BBTOJbY H Ox.l\a ce CJl8BeHCRe H ca));a. qyoajy RILHre H pyltonl{CH

pH.lly ••.·, Je)J.Ro je r. HCPROBHli aafiopanan, oorocJlymoeHe y CJlaOeHCltuM ~pRoaMa npe~aDllbe PYCKH KOHCYJlH: .Iacrperioe, TRY, RaRO cy ce

OXpHllCRe apxujerracso-

0 tfeMY caezoso pyCRH rrYTHH1lU, KaO r.

I'aaropoaab H rHJb4>ep));HHI' H )J.p. Ha nocrenpehannse OX-

Mor.ltH cJlymHTH rpQItHM ~pItBeHHM ItIbHraROjH He 3Ha~axy rpusa jeaaaa ? npehe, TaRO II Ca,IJ.8,C8Ma nacrsa H36e3 cyxae, CJl8neHCK8 rracraa He lie HJlB Byraaa je60roc.rymelbe

lila lIIaJlO-OOpa30B8HH CJlaBeHCItH CBemTeHHQH pH)J,CKeapxajenecsonnje,

Malie,IJ.oHujlf, KaO H

tiHpa CBeDITeHHRa H 6HpaTil

I'paa, ROj" He SHa jeaaaa, aeh Cp6HHa

pURa, H Helie My ));OnycTHTH )J.aBpIlla

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43
31llty sa Iby HepaaYM.'LJfBY. He

ozroeapajyhn
. je

HCTHRD 4»aK-

Ta, xojecaomuraea

r, Bepnoaah, BpJIOje OIJHrJle).l;HO, KOJlHKO

HM cc Mome nOKJ[OHHTRnoaepea,e.

3a. caoje urapea,e

neaauaaa nn ymacHe MYKe, HH HH ByrapR(?), srorome II crpaaarsa, Bajy nehunox IbR IJHHe

xpmuhancrso

06aBeaaHO CR. Myn~m.JIaJUIlTIl He

H HCnODe).l;HHl\HMa,xoje ae sa ceojeacnoneaaa.e

Morome

aaaae. Me~y TUM MOrJleHCRHnpaaocaaanpaBOCJIaBHe nepe, He Ca"O Ra3He, seh

OQCKHBaTlf O)J.rpIJRlfX jepapxa

caaarse speae Mar.JIeHCKYenapxajy 1I0Mal{R

nace.sa-

Mahc).I;OHCRII CJlaBeHR H KYI\OBJIaCRj nOCJIc)J.OItOJlO300/0' HMit ).1;0145.000 )J.YlHa ooa

10% cTaHoBHHllITBaj

Iloaasa
uosnn THMolta rapcxoa

y Malic)J.oHHjll jeaaora

Caera noaa.
na "\

O)J. rpuaeeere

rO)J.RHeonora nesa 6yrapcltH

aapoz,

O)J.CBOjHX narpaora,

'Bop~a BeHeJiRHa, Itao

).I;a ce npooY)J.RO IfB JleTaprUIJHOI'a CHao CBa' )J.ooHjaTH 6yrapcKc jeauay. BRJla HCJlHKa He caeraxy IJIIt0JIC, y KojuMa IlpanOCJlaBHH

Byrapcsa, 0).1; ).1;0U:pHOI'a Mopa II O)J. 1I;YHaBa ).1;0 , Bamaaa, nOIJe

ce npexasaac enapxaja, aa oyHe caao 6yrapcRe r.]. ).1;0 aaapxnjepeja, JUItOJla, Koje je nOCTa-

Hpsna, aa tleJIY oyl'apcltHx

OTBapalbY oyrapcltux MHTpOllo.mjH

aeh )J.OCTa sara

nrrnhaaaxy,
l\pltBC cepmersa xaje H

OCOORTOce OBO')J.ora~aJlo y nearpy PYCRO'TypcRora para, eraaparse AltO

TPBOBCIWj. ,11;01256 roanae,

oyrapclte

PO).l;HOCTH 1I1H.'10 je H Ryrapa

UlIJIH.

MHPHO, a cyzapa

H3MC~y rpuse jepap-

rOTOBO He 6cJUe.

cy

y . Byrapcsoj H,lIalt aa

1I0Cl'an.'baHH BeliHHoM rptlRII, a

apxnjepeja,

TO URJlU,cy OOaBe3Hlf nplHUTR oorocJlymCILe je:UfRYj

sa CJlOneHCROMe ce ).I;a By-

HrIIPC"UJJ.HY JJ.O)J.IIP¥ca CBOjOM lIaCTBOM, 0ua.p )lna nym rO)J.RJI[lbe, CTapaJIlI cr HecaMO y npaaoj jeamc, It!ljllM cy MHorH rOBOpHJlU

OH.1Ja3Chuje Bp.lO ,'1.0 po.G

JUTO npe 1I,IytlC 0rrapCRII

Ca~1O

()ol'OCJIymclbc

rapcxoj, Bch II y cpeaa.oj H ceecpnoj Malic)J.oRuju, Crapoj CPOlljH, BOCHR R Xepueromrau yucit je UUJlO na CJlOBCHCItOMC jeaaay; caao Y HeltUM rpa)J.cRuM npKnaMa OOl'oc.JIYmelbe je OUJIO na rptlltOM, alto je

rpa)J.y

UHJlO BeliHH3

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44
I'psa, RJlR nas na rpqKOM H CJIOBeHCKOM yje,J{oo. H Byrapa HRje ee ,J{onao Hen03BaHHM MHpHH oo~aMa ,J{aBRO ~pKoeOH JKHOOl' I'psa ~pKBeHoH jepapxHjoM 6yrapcKora no,J{je,J{ooM npaBOCJI8000M

HapO)l;a, ROjH A06Hme

otipaaosaae

aa crpaaaa

YHuBepcHTeTHMa, a TaKo~e H PRMCKOj KypnjH Beli nOMRmJLaJla ,J{a 06paTH oyrapcKH

Roja je

Hapo)J, -y R8TOJIRUHnarpajapmaja,

,- -~."

SaM.- ITOqeTaK nenopeaaaa

y uapnrpaacso] npoTHoy a,e

ROjH je je

,ltOBe)J,ome )J,O,J{anamlbera JKaJlOCHaHaTepHjaJIHora.

nOJIo:acaja R KOjH n06yHHDIe B3,IJ.ailH .llalRHH u AOCTa noasaaaaan reaea,

Byrape,

yqHOHO

1856 rO";HHe cYJlTaHcKH ryTRryM8jyo: nOoaj aeaeurro CaCTaBJbeR aKT, - BeJiH -y je,ltOeJIUK~ HCTOKa PYCKU nOCJIaBHKy ~apurpa)J,y BRUle H3 MplRlLe npeaa nOJIUTHqKOr H npsaeaor opHre 0 xpamhaacaoa Pycujli

ROM COOM pe4>epaTY MHHRCTPY cnOJLBRX nocrosa

A.

IT. ByR onacHCTOKY Besan-

KOjH cy USMHCJIHJIeII aaroaapaae

Typuaaa
ynJlHBaRa

sa spar

3ana)J,He ApataBe, OOCTH O,lt nesor , Hero YCJIe,lt npaoe

cTaHoBRHDITBY

OTOMaRCKe RMnepuje, JlHKHX HenOpe,IJ.aR8 y

Tpe6a ,i{a nOCJIy3tH Kao noseras

naparpaaeao]
peeepara

narpejapnmj«.

CTa YCKOPO nOCJIe osora ueMajy rrpasa

Byrap«, non yTD~ajeM

CBOjHX uellOBepJLUBRX oo~a norpaaeasa YSRH8TU 0)J, !LUX

cy,
KaRoy

)J,a apxRjep~jH ~apuRy HJlR O,lt-

xa

HaMeT, ROju 6ajaru pesxa

xopaaoure y oy)J,ylie 3aMeHHTH IIJlaTOM,

narpajapmaja

O,ltpe~eHOH CYJlTaHCKoM BJla,ltOM. RaJ{ je

Byrapaxa ooaj nporas ltaHOHa 3aXTeB, TO cy ORR, HJlH 60JLe peha ILIIHH BO~H oojaOHJlU, )J,a aehe anure 0I

CTaTU y POIICTBY 1t0)J,I'paa, TypCRHH aroa R -y caMoj aaxres 6yrapcKa jep jo nozjexaaso

sao

)J,a cy Tpna, KOju cy no,lt ca

)J,eJlH.'1H cy,ltouuy

Byrapaaa
OBaj

CTBapH HOrJIH 08TH oyrapcltH O,lt IIpa08X Byrapa

yrlLeTaqH. oo~a ,Ita ce

aaje)l;HO ca 38XTeoOM 6yrapcKHX narpajapnraja,

Byra-

pHMa ,lta,lty apxajepeja

H )J,ace 060000 narpaiapmaja HRltaltOe naacae

600 je npeacraasea He 06paT8 oyrapcKo~1

1857 r. Ilarpejapursja raaa

DOJ{eJIa, KO ynpaOJb8 cy r. I'pna

npnartaaa,
3aX'fCOe

ca CBHM 4>0PMYJIHcaJlU cnojc

1861 8 Ta-

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-45
qaRa

3aXTeBajyliH H3Me~y OCTaJlOraJl.OnymTelLe, Jl.a'CaMH oapajy apxajepeje OJI.Byrapa, Jl.anpH H360py narpajapxe, H ORH HMajy nO,ztieJl.HalWr qerulia ca I'pnaaa, ).I;aee CBeTH y uaparpaacaa CHHOJI. cacroja noxa OJI. oyrapcKHX apxajepeja, KaRO 6H Byrapa MOrJlH 06paaOBaTH y Ilaparpeay 3ace6HH oyrapcKH HapOJl.HH caner, Jl.a ce ILUXOBHMapxajepejuMa O)lpeJl.H mara, llaTpHjapruHja je pa3r.IeJl.aJlay CHHO)J,CKOj CeJl.HOUH y HapOJl.CROM U CaB6Ty saxrese Byrapa, Burne nyTa je npasaaaaa ILHXOBeBo~e y TaKO3BaHe MemOBHTeKOMHcHje, y KojHMa cy Byrapa CBaRH nyT -reZRJlH )J,a yBeliajy csoje saxreae, qHM cy caao BUJl.HJIH nonYJIITalbe OJI.crpaae I'psa. Ha nOCJIeTKY re KOMHcHje cy pasaaasnae H CBej e oc ra.j'bo, sao m ro je II 611J10 TaKOce " np0Jl.ymaBaJlo Jl.OKHHje 1867 r. CTYUHOna BaCeJbeHCKH npeero jeaan 011 najsehax jepapxa nocaeaaera )J.06a, KOjH je mOBHO O)J.1840' r- ycaMJLeHOy MHPY, sao erporo aCKeTHqKHrrO,llBHmHHK,uajCB6TRjH narpajapx Taaropaje IV. AJiH npe Hero UlTOce Jl.OTaKHeMO paaa narpajapxa - ~ MHPOTBOPI\3,MopaMOce BpaTHTH Ha craae 6yrapcKe I\pRBe nOCJIe 1860 r. IToA yTHuajeM caojax HH y IIITa HeBepyjyliux Bo~a y Byrapcsoj je rOCnOJl.3pH.Da npsaeaa aaap- xuja. MHorH OJI.apxajepeja, Koje je ni>CTaBHJIa I\pKOeHa BJI3CT,oexy HCTepaHHU3 Byrapcse, HCMejaHHH yspehean 'OJI.crpaae 6YHToBHHQKeHace; ea HeKHX y apexe 60rocayaeersa, 6exy HaCHAHOCKRHYTH-caKocl1 H naaaraje H CaM" CBC'fHTe.'bH oexy HsrypaHH U3 upKBej y I\pKBaMa Maca je 3aOpaHHJIa Jl.a ee CnOM,H1beHMe narpajapxa H apxajepeja, xojeje OHnocraeao; apxujepeju KOjHcy OCTa.IH y Byrapceoj, 6exy JlHmeHH CBaKUX MaTepHjaJIHHXcpecrasa H MOpaJl.Ome noaohy TypCKe rrOJIHURje Aa CKyJIJbajy 0).1; HapOJl.auapHHy. Y OBO no npaBOCJIaBBYUpKBy TymHo apexe, MAa je Bo~e oyrapcKe PYKOBOJl.HJIa pHMCKa KypHja, KaJl.a HX je aanrrahaaaaa no pra, soja je . nOJl.pmaBaJI,a ca CBOjHX: anrepeca pacnpy ABa jeaaosepaa aapoaa, CBa pyCKa ne-

.J

..

.~'. ' ", ! ~ f:

...

~--

-_

46
PBO~HqHa mraana HOBH CB. C"HO~a 3a jeaao " oeme sa CTpaHH oyrapcltHX

aaxrena,
qJla-

sa Koje cy paTOBaJlH: aa npeaenney

OH eaxo

maJIOCT, H HeltH

pYCKa ~UIIJloMaI~Hja. MOrJIU npaB~aTH

Byrape

U 1'0

aa

saxrea ~a ce y IhHXOBHM, rrpssaaa

He CJIaBeHCItOM TyljeM 'BO:I'II

BpmH'

oorOCJlymelbe

jesmcy. Ilpnrennsaaara y OBOY CJIyqajy jeaHIt craHOBHHlUTBa u npaxopasara ra ~a ee MOJIU na

H aa Ihera Hepa3YMJ"bHBOM je3HKY, ~y~ytt~ jecre HajBeJiH

rpex; aaa y OBO~terpexy TeUiItO ~a he OHTH npaBHlJHO ItpnBaCCJLeHClty narpajapurajy. HaCJbe~HlIKOM anOCTOJICKCsareape ~.~~~~PH rrpaeocaauaa

CBOj~~ ,naJl~nOM OOHmao cne rpnjapmnja, nrapnaa

Ilpaoanaaora AH~PHj~l ItOjH je ca spajene H aeM.:be,·y ~KojHMa ro .

nepa, Bac!IIOHCKa uapnrpaacaa na-

, ~. . , , '\
'\",' ,.

sao

WTO CBe)l.Ol1HCBa IncHa

acropaja,
IIJlaToH

HHKa~a H OMHP,

i.e npurennsaname
I

je3HIt CTaHO'BHHID'fBa.MCTHHa, )l.a je OHa EnaMHHOH)I. H AP"CTJ[)I., n npeMy)l.pn

~.
t•

',\"

" ',' \ .J. . , ',~ ..

','

,~

. .,::

rpuaa

je3HK, aa ROft-lerOBopaxy

, ,lI;cMocTeH n ApHcToTeJlo; cTHHujaH, ~apoB~Tor( YlJuJIa

IlepnJy-

KJIO H TyRH.z(U~, KOHCTaHTUH. BeJlHKU BeJlHKOra, OOrOrJIal'OJlHBOl'a I'anropaja JOBaHa 3JlaToycTa, u )l.pyrHx OHa nnje Mil

lJHTalbY ~eJla oOrO)lyxHoBeHora

Bacnmja

Boroeaoua, xaoroI'paropaja Haejeorat JoII CBeTHJla norpHH je,J,aH napon y THM

sana ,l(aMacKHHa

BeJIHKUX cryrioaa

BaC8.'beHCKe ~pItBe,aJilf HapOAHMa. Je y RojuMa. cy

QHJIa, RaO WTO CMO pa~uJlu

C MHO rUM nJleMelHlMa II

JIB MHorQ OCTaJIO I'psa OHH mUBHJlII aa npcxe

spajeaaaa,

KOHCTa:HTHHa Bexn-

sora ?
jeaaa

CBy OHO

MaJlY

Aaajy

Hace.'baBaxy aa ROMecy nnCaJIII

I(

fl ua, a caxa ' OHII

rze je I'pqKIl H 3JlaTOYCT, II' Jecaoja ouynao )l.CJla, ca~ ce ce jour

mUBe:caMO

na lheHHM OOaJIaMaj y CHPHjU,

rocnoaapehne,

BpeH CHPHH H

,II;aMaCItHH,

jeaaa qyje nopea CHPC":HX ouaJla,

Y CD.

I'paxy,
I'pnuxa,
xpaxa

RO~ CB. mHBOHOCHora rporia, HO " TaMO HeRH Danll~

3alliTHTH"~H

Apana, no)l. yTHl\ajeM aenpajare.r.crna npeMa aaxresajy npexo urraane ora ce OH IICTIfCHC "3
U aaMeHII apanCKHM H CJlOBCR-

aa CBe'rOMe rpooy

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47

CItHM. 3aHCTa, TpeUa npH3HaTH, xa R:l.KO 6HJlO .mUOCHO

sa Tpse, ~a IbUXOoa Ha~Rja, He 063HpyliR ce aa CBeycayre soje yqHHH npocsera H l\IfBRJlU3a~RjlI, Koje· je OHa
yqUHHJla He caao CJIOneHHMa,seh H CBOj .Iespona, Haje YBeliaJIa CBOjy HapO~HOCT, O je 3HaTHO H CMalbHJla. Y apeMe, 'Ka~ cy Byrapu H CJIOBeHH TpaRHjH H Malie~OHa~ y j R 3tHBeJiH MOPHO noz TypCRHM rocnoxcraox, 1'Pl\H Y a e n p e a a a a o j 60p6H sa HesaBHCHOCT Hsry6ume Burne MUJIIlOHaCBOjuX CHHOBa.1'OTOBO 700.000 T'pua 001'80e y 60pou sa He3aBIlCHoeTo~ 1821-1829 ro~· Csa Mopeja, .JIHBa~uja, EUHP, Tecamja, CBa oerpsa Apxnnesara C jYHatlKHM Eparoa, HHaTHHzeo Malie~oHHjc 'I'ypua 00YC1'oUIHUle H paaopaure; BaCeJleHCRH narpajapx caemreaoayvennu ~'JluropBje Y. (aeroae cy CB. MOWTHY caoop:··UpRBlI MlI'rpouoJrlije ATHHcKe) H aaure o~ 80 MU- \ I/~ ,11, .. I ~jj-M'LTP0I!?J1HTaH enacsona Typua y TO.speae nosearanre H. \ Ka:mRme. Hesra aapoxa y CDeTY, ROjH je TOJlHRO crpaza-. \ noaseo, sao I'puu, Ocsoja« Haparpaaa MyxaMe,lJ; II.

iha.

OpHMBOje OCTllDOEy6ejy C 450.000 cTaHoBHHRa,a cYJl· Ta~ MyxaMe.lJ; npeaao ra j~ l'pqItoj 1828 rO~HHe c 36.000; y npexe Bajaaaroso y Ileaonoaeay oeme 1,400.000 CTaHOBHuKa,a 1828 r. Ka)J.acy ce I'Pl\H OCJl060~HJlH Tyo~ pasa, HalUJlO ce y lbeMY csera 380.000; CYJl'l'aH COJlaMaH OCBOjUO Poaoe o~ 280.000 ~yma, a caa je TaMO je caera 50.000; y KRopy, Ita~ ra OCBOjHlIIC TYPl\H, 6eme 540000, a caa je y lbeMY 170.000 ,lJ;yma; Ha OCTpBy KpuTy 6eme Burne o~ 680.000, a. ca~ je 285.000 CTaHOB. Y CIIPHjH H IIaJIecTHHH Typna, sa CBe apeae csora 1'0CDO~CTBa, CTpeOHJlH H cy 1,700.000 npaaocsaanax, II npo•1 •• THB OBe JrlyqeHHqIte rpnse aauaje, ROJaJe ~aJ[a npaaoCJlaBHOMe CBeTY ~eo COItM. CB.MyqeHHIta, CBeTHTeJLa, npoDOBe~HHIta H yqHTeJLa, BeJlHKHXIIo60pHHIta OOOO.mHOCTH H MOHaWItOra acxeraaxa, H ~pyre BeJiHItaHe, RaKO aa upKBeHOM,TaKO H Ha rpaljaHCKOM IIO.1LY, CTaOje 6yrapY CKH XyHO - TaTapCKH uapoa, sora oo~6a)J.ajy aeva-

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CTHBn· H, aapoa 3Hajy 'npelje,

aerrpajarexa

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If IIopeTKa.

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pYKonO~HOI~H Byrapa caarpa sa

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nao UIToce je 'CTBOPHO

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K. H. ~eOH1:jeB. jeJI;HO10 HeTO. ,.CTalhe craaTlerap I. JIHWHJIO jc jepapxujy Tor

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KOJlHROjc CHJlHHjU yTHl~aj jepapxnje ce CTJlomBje OHa O,1J;HOCB npeaa :lHItO je y apexe Ka,1J;acy cHJlHHja H .mHBJLa Bepa pe«lOpMCHH paBHOJl.YllIHOCTH aapoaa Bepy, upaaene noperxe, pOBCKe npsaeae lO na H pacsoxa

na HapOA, y KO.1HIlW y TOspeae, Ma-

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y HapOJJ;Y. IlJIo,aODe neTnpeaa Bepl{ II jom

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QYH3.l1H aa CTBap caae lKaJIO eaao

ce CDe ono aazp-

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49
rnro ee tiopUJIa ca cyjeBjepujeM U jepec jy, seh je U C OCOtiUTOH BellTHHOII ullua HorylioocTu ~a 06paTU xa XpUCTy qUTaBe HOJlOOHeoe30a60.ma~a U MyxaMe~aHa~a·
r; .,

y 06J18.CTulla,Koje je Pycoja nOKOpDJla.Y Teu~~. B~~~e- 'J<J.~ e-C __ . r aa aasaae rarapcse .U nO~~Ke I~pKB~,le TaKolje..PYKOBO-I J~-:-·F.~(ij (-.,. ~Ha.po'~iiuH nOKpeTOII. CJly.moa sehane lbeHUX apxu.-riacTifpa K nacrapa 6eme Ta~a OCKpCHacJly.m6a no npll'3BaIbY, npaso ocnOBe)l,HUIUTBO, soje je no HeKa~ ~OJla3HJlO )(0 npaaora eaxonoaepraoaaaa H MyqeHHllTBa. 380 raRBO CJlymelbe CB. ~PKBU us 3eMJLHHe OqeKyjy HH aarpa~a HO nOqaCTO,HO noxsaaa, HK cnonojersa, HK MaTepajaaaora 06e36eljelba. IIoRoJle6aTH peJloritjy _y HapO)l,y( _-,.. .' I crsap je ,lJ;OCTa .lIaRa. Y qeMY ce 3altJb yqaBa, na npoMep: 3aXTeB 6yrapcKux HU y mTa.. He ~~_~yjy~~~. ~olja ~~HO~ CHO csoje npsae? M6me OHTHy O)l,peljelb naare cseurre-' y HU~KM:a., OK eaxo 0,11; 1I>OXHa1JHHHJlO qHHOB¥UKe,nOT'qOlbeHe rpaljaocKoj BJIaCTH,K TUHe HapYlllHJJO )l,06pe,0)1,noce H311eljy nacrue 0 nacrapa. Ilpa TOMByrapcaa HHje Pycoja, y 'KOjoj cy jom jaKe oCROBe pemraje •.. Y Byrapesoj ee nacraa He lie npeBpaTOTOy YMopeHO eraao, soje je 06Be3a,HO)(a ce 6pHHe caao 0 MaTeplfjaJlBOMOO~36elje1l>y csora .nacrapa. Taao ce Hapo~ H TaKO noaama . . caspmeao paBHo~yllUo npeaa pemrsjn, a. aKO My Ramy, )l.a sepa H ~pKBeHU noperna UHCY a.erosa CTBap, )1.80 OK aeaa npaaa caM H36upaTO csoje nacrnpe, jep OH,H noCTOjH pa)l.H ~yxoBHHmTBa, a He ~yXOBHKDITBO pa~~ Ibera, TO lie HaJIO Byrapa OCTaTHy ~pKBK. A propos 0 narpajapmaja: je)l.aH o~ PyCRlIX. ny6JIH~H9T~, aa qJlaOKe ~ojera y "H080.U Bpe~~HY" He je~HoM 6eme cspeayra 036~JLHa naJK~a pYCRe nyo~illte, y KIbK3H, ,KOjy je U3,11;aO889 rO~HHe nOJJ;·_uaCJlOBOM 1 "CoBpeMeHaja Pocaje o3J1aseliu KaO npoTKBIUIKnarpajapmaje, U3· Heljy OCTaJIOra BeJlH: "0)1., Ilerpa I. KOjO je namao, JJ;a "CHJla no orrpe)(jeJleHojy ~jeJla 60JLllIOe 3)1.jejeer, , nOHelRC BjaWqaja no yBjepeHojy K noaaaoaeaajy npeKJIolbajeT

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npeodpaaeaja ...... Alto je uarpajapxar npH30aT RaO Henoaecaa H onaeaa y XVll. Belty, TO y ROJlHItO cy OBe
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CBeTCKe BJla,'TH' II C BeliHM AOBJlacTII, y KOAPcaM qy.n.YCJle,l( c H KOMe je

0.n.p.maB8TH ayroparer nOCJleAlLa aa erpaay

HUpU caA C BPXOBHHM npanaaa

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HOBaTO H3rJIe.n.ajy VOTHBH naeua, HSMe!,e aaruax japrnuje TUM OOuqaja", noaaaaao aecaspeaeao remso upxseae je

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MUTpOnOJlHT8, CHOO.mHBOTa KOPHCT,

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Tpe(')a npHMeTHTH, ,!(a ,l(YXOBHO-ROJIerHja.naa npaBa 06y JI3CHOM~PRBOMMoze paaaarpar« caao TeRylia )J.eJla O)J. MaILe BaxtHOCTH, )lOR CBaOCTaJIa, RaO na np. 0 TOMe, ,lI;3 ce CKHRe KJIeTBa HJIH )J.a ce npaae y saje)J.RH~y nIHSMaTH~H, 0 cy~elLy apxajepeja, 0 nperzeay npaneno 6;0cJlyz6eHHx RlLHra .HT)J., opa pacaarpara ca60p, ~TO MH x ,1(0 ,l(aHaC BH)J.HMO ~apHrpa,l(CRoJ~PRBH, npexza ce TaMO y nox iIpeACe)lHHnITBOM narpajapxa R HaJIa3H CHHO,l( OA ABaHaeCTOpH~e HHTpOnOJlHTa. KO)l Hac, y PYCHjH, CB. CHHOA HMa eaxo BJlaCTjeAHOJlHqaOra naTpHjapxa.· .

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KO.1HRO je n03HaTO, pYCRa AHDJIOMa~Hja.H ~BeTH C RHO ,!(, . He r JI e A e Ii R H a 6yrapcRH MpaltRoj H je noapanao ,Maore pycRe YHOBe H npHM.OpaOHX, Aa nosepyjy ,6yrapcRHM 6ajRaMa, HHCY ce HaJIa3HJIH 6anI y MpaRy Heaaarsa, CYH~e same npaae, MHTpOnOJIHT <DHaaper, npe 0)( ApyrHx ynoSH&O ce ca 6yrapcRHM JIa~aMa. Orapenraaa name upane npa nOCJIaHCTBY D;apuf.paAY, Y apXHMaH)(pHT IIeT~l!.rpOR~RH, R.OjH nocaaa :raMo 1858 .. je_ rOA. H KOju je -iiMao IIBHCOqajury" 3anOBeCTAa no)(pma· V ,'_ .. . . I ,,~~ • I J\a je~HHC~~? RCT?_q~e npanocxaaae upsee, xoja 6eme aa11.· .•• x_Baheaa paaaopaaa H3Me~y I'psa H Byrapa II. Koja ce I .i, ' ~o~~praBawe Ha~~)(HHa._O~ ~TpaHe PH, Clte H npOTeCTaH- \ M TCRe nponaranae , yoPS\) Je noaaao oyrapCKY aruTa~IIiy' ) H- za..n6e Byrapa y npaaou ILHXOBOM 06JIHRy. 06paTUBnIH ce naTpBjaplIlIIjll B npe;l.CTa8H~HJfa 6yrapcKora aapoaa, KOjH cy ZHOeJIH y D;apHrpa)ly,R paarosapajyhuce opaTCRR c ILHMa, apXHMaHApHT Ilerap ,ll;03RaO je, Aa .,CBa Byrapcsa cJlyma cJl.ym6y 60zojy, R ae KlJRnIOM, aa CJIOBeHCKQM, CP0jll;ROM jesHRy" joj 1) IIOA HMCHOM Byrapcse, apXHMaHApHT Ilerap pasyaeo je ae caxo caAaH,y.. Byrapcsy, O)l ,1I;YHaBa,l(O Ba,JI.MRa, neh H MaheAO-. RUjy H neha zeo 'I'pasaje, jep je 6poj 6yrapcKRX jenapxRja OApe~BBao )(0 50, HSy3HKajyhH 5-7 jenapxaja y .
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52
Malie,ll;OHHju, y ltOj8Ma mUBe I'pnn, Mucao: ,!{a I'pua CMerajy apurea.y cJlym6e aa CJIOBeHCKOMe je3HKY, nopoaaaa ce YCJLeA'"JIa.7KHUX AOCT3Ba npHBaTRHX JIHna, KOj8 3,110ynoTpeOJLaOaxy nosepea.e, " CaMO y HeKHM rpaAOBHHa, sao mTOBeli peROCMO, OorOCJIymelLe BpmUJIO ce Ha rpqKOM jean)ty, HO TaMO cy cna Byrapu - aapomaaa 3HaJlR, KaO mTO caMu Byrapa rooopaxy apxuMasApRTY TIeTVY , "rpIJKR jP.3RK." JeJInHO(lOO BepKOBHIi, ROjH je r. nraroaao Heljy Mat.eAOHC1tIfM CJIOBeHBMaI nORpcTRO8X je I y CBOjHM,!{eJlHMay Byrape, na npaxertiy, YIJHlbeHY M3Ke,ll;()HCRUM CJlOBeHHMa "samTo ce y lbllXOBHM npsaaaa 60roc.lIymelbe BpIUH ua rpuaox, a He aa CTapOCJlOBCHCKOM jC3HKy/' '!{06HO o,!{ IbRX osauaa oarosop : ,,3amTO H& je crapOCJIaneHCKOMje3HKY, Hnje .liD je,!{KO aero HJIH na rpIJKOM, UJJHaa CJlaBeHCKOM." Pasyae ce, ~a,ll; CT3HOB· nana jymHc Mahe).{OHHje He 08 3HaJlII rpqK~ jesuit, cyMlba ce Aa 6H OHH BPWH.lIH na lLeMY 60rOCJlymelbe. Y rpaaoaaaa, YCJle,ll; eurarsa, KOMe x Byrapn BOJleJIll 8 ,ll;aH ).{albH BOJlenparierasarn y naraa.aaa pelHnlje, 1101'Ta je BanOBeA8JJa, jom meeere roanae "y napoxnjaaa, r).{c O,ll;40 ,lI,OHOBa HMa 25 6yrapcKHx, npnnrnr (iorocJlymelbe na C.lIaBeHCKOM jcsuKy" .,,11;a 60roc.lIymeibe Ha CJlaBeHce CKOM je3nKY Byrapaxa nnje HHKa,!{a KpaTHJlO,,!{Oltas je lUTO cy AO caaora paaaeaeaa 6yrapcRe npane o).{ npa· BOCJlaBHe nepsrpaacse U otipaaoaaa,a oyrapcKora essapxara 1872 r. "no CBOj Byrapcso] II Malie).{oHHjH CBemTeHHKe H30HPaJIH83 cpeaaae caMOl'a aapoaa 8 caMUM sapO).{OM y IJeMY cy apxajepeja caao nOTBpljaB8..IU ..•" H360p jeaaora o).{ ).(Bojnl~e KaH).{U,l(aTa, oje aapoa npe}.(.lOmH, a ae Melllajyfi8 ce U He npareunsaaajyha u360p aapoaua. Apxnjepej If Byrapa TaKolje cy OHJlUY uaparpaacsoj narpujapunriu AO 1872 rO).{HHe,8 He caxo OKO mecere ro).{HHCoaora sesa, Hero H xuoro paaaje, He caao ).{a cy Y 6YI'apcKuM uJin CJlOBeHO-cpncKuM enapxajaxa nOCTaB.'LaHn no HeKa,ll;apx.ujepeju Byrapu, aeh 8 y enapxsja-

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53
M3 qHCTO rpqKHM.

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Byrapn, Koje cy CJlaJlH y enapxaje Crape Cp6Hje, Bocae H Xepueroaaae, 6".IH 61111 no cpncso CTaHOOHIfIUTBOH pa)J;UJlH 3aje)J;Ho c Typunae
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54 caaaaze ,1J;a cy ra OHH npozaaa". HH je,llaH 0)1; Byrapa He caao mTO Huje aoaaeao, HO Buje HH nosasao SPXHMaH)I;pUTY Ilerpy "UMa JIU r,1J;ero,1J;nera CJIuquor;" OBH cy 'C~MO nORa3aJlR Ba BOBUHe, &JIU ce TSMO aamra Hexoranre aaha, OCRMpaaaax ltJIeBeTa R aarpara," O)l;HOCHO lIPB~ TaqKe, orau Ilerap .u;o6uo je nUCMeHO YBepeJl.e 0)( ApXUMaH)I;pHTS AS'fUMa ()l.Ou;uuje cYJITaHcRor esaapxa y Byrapexo] sera je' O,1J;HerOBaJIa o6acyJIa HHJIOCTUMaBeH JIHKa naparpaacaa :u;pKBa U ROjU je .HCTY CJIaBHOHs.u;ao), ,ll;a ;,aKO no HeRa,!!; rpnae BJIa,1J;UKe He )l;OSBOJLaBajyByH rapaxa spnreae 60rocJIymea.a aa CJlaBeHCKOMjesuKy, TO OBO 6UBa y rpa,1J;OBBMa, r,1J;eje name UJIU 6ap He Ma,lLe y napoxaja Tpsa. IIpu TOM OBO 6uBa. BeliHHOM 'He 0)1; CTpa~e BJla,1J;Ulta,aeh aapoaa." Ko,ll .u;pyre Taq&e BH,!!;eJlO ce ,1J;arpqKU nacrapa He eaao He sa6paa.UBaxy Byrapaaa noaaaaae UJIU O,1J;pZaBalbe msora 6yrapcKux, Deli H caMU nomoaaraxy orsapaae UCTUX; ,,&lHOrH MUTponoJIUTU caxa no6y~uBaxy Byrape)(a nO,ll.umy msoae H OqHHCKU ce remame, Ra)); cy ux Byrapu no,!!;u3aJ1UU Ita,ll; cy ce CTapaJIU 0 lbUXOBOM60JLUTKy" .... "yquTeJLU 6yrapcRu ,ll.OOUBmH 'oopaaOBalbe na sana,1J;Y,,ll06UJlH cy no pequva caMUX Byrapa "onpas,1J;HOBaHUe" T. j. usry6uJlB cy CBa. OQUHCKa ,D06pa y6e~elba" ••. Ilfro ce TUqe rpehe TaqKe 'f. j. YHH.atelba 6yrapcKe HaU;UOHaJlHOCTH,narpajapx je H3jaBHo apXHMaH,1J;pHTYIlerpy: "ByrapH nocrynajy npeMa aaaa aao qHBYTH. qHBYTUH paaeha rpyaa ));pyrora tlBM OHJIO, YBeK BHtie aa rsera, 3amTO He oHjem? KaRO TH exem ? HT,1J; Ka,1J;ce narpajapmaje ... He 6H CTap8.1a to oyrapcKoj HaU;RjH, TO TemKO ,1J;a6H Byrapa Jrfa Ra,lla ao tICJtaJiU poheae esoje HaI~HOHaJIHOCTU, xoja ce ocaaaaa aa pa.tlyH I'psa U Cptia, nofiyrapasnra UX, B YBeliaBWR ILHMa. CHOjy HaU;HOHaJIHOCT.

Y paaaeaersy oyrapcKe U;pKBe 0)1, naparpaxeae, apXllMUH-,PllT Ilerap BH)I,UOje )l,OCTa BeJIURY mTery, jep oyrapCKa U;PKB& HOWTa THMe He )1;0 a, ry6elia 3aje)J;BO 611j
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55
C TBMe H CBe OHOmTO H npsea I'pnsa: ry6B YSBHWHOCT Y KOJlHJtO, HOBa, HeMa y6e~elbe H jaQHHt'j ry6H Macy KaO y KOJlHKOocraje ca CBOjO)(caapmeao BeOTeCaBOM "lIpa..." B3 n.apHrpa}J.CKe narpujapnraje He M01'y 6HTH yesojeaa, HB 0)( crpaae cynaHa aa ymTp6 npaaa BaCHOHCKornaTpnjapxa, BH O}J. crpaae KaBOHa. He MHCJlHJIB: OHa Aa ce OCBJlHyje}J.HlbelLeM ca PYCKOMnpKBOM? Onaeao H no je.-HY H no APY1'Y.Ilfro ee Mome OnpOCTHTH PYClwj npltBH, 6yrapcKoj ce Helie onpOCTIITH"... "a KO lie YCTaTH n_poTHBy nponaraaae pIlMOKaTo.lIHq~e~ __iipoTe¢_Ta~cie:'- aK~pH: ita-HCKef AKO· cy H ca}J.a nocejaaa ymacHa eeseaa aecarJiacH~~H ·nepR orana, nrra he 6HTH .nocae KaA naCTIIiH---KJlOHy?... O}J.roBopHTHaa OBeMBCJlH nBTalLa apxaH.

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M8.HAPHTaileTpa. Koje je OR aeaaaao npe 30 rOAHHa ca)( aaje TemKO. Byrapcsa npsna AO YSBBmeaocTH jom Baje MOrJla )(a zopecre, npexaa cy lbeRH rzaaapa H MHCJlHJlR Aa jc yqRHe BaCHOHCKOM, mTOje PHKCKO'KaTOJlHqKa, sao nOKopHBmH CBe Byrape, Maorae OHH mHBHJlH, noraaaap-

3uru.~

cTBy"eraapxa Byrapcse. IJ.paB~, Koia. j_~._ 6yrapcKoj npKBH CTaBH.Q_ pacnoJlomelbe aexpanrhaacaa BJla.llaon,HHCYnpBna npaaocxanne HesaBBCHe npsse, H caMa 6yrapcKa IipKBa nanraa ce y paCKOJlYca CBOM OCTaJlOM npaeocaaaHOM npKBoM II rroz ynpaDoM cYJITaHCKOraersap.xa. Y CBJJ.aBalbeMHamBX 6yrapoMaHa }J.a npHHy,ll;e CD. CUHaA .B;a O.llrOBOpH DaCeJLeRCKOMeaTplljapxy n no nODoJJ.Y lberOBe ataJI(')e npOTHD aHTHKaHORHQKOra cJlymelLa PYCKHX nYKODCKHX caeurreaaaa y Byrapcaoj 1877-1879, y .B;yxy 6yrapesax HaJJ.a,He YBeRqame ee ycnexoll. OArOBOp narpBjapxy, Kojn My TaAa cnpexa otiepnpoaypopcea KaHnezapaja, y ROMece rosopa , }J.Boy Byrapa OKpHBJLec HH HeKaHORllqKHH Aa pYCKa npsaa aexa HHKaKBOraOCnoaa npeaparara C IbHMa 0}J.80ce, He Ha~e0JJ.3RBaK 8H y q M3JlO(')POjHOH JJ.YXOBHOM KOJlerlr.jYMY, y KOMe HalLHHa 00jaaa, }J.a nperaaa Ha CTpaRY narpajapxa, jep ce 60jH, .B;a he Ta~BoRO)\rQBOp npaxopara MaTep·npKBY, TC he ODa

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56
npeKHHyTH CBaKe Q,lJ;HOCe PYCKOM npKBOM H »;a ce aa C CB. OHHO)J;a, ,lJ;OB~CeHO 6e3. npHHe Home CHaTPaTH .RaO 83y lLoj caao pacH eaaonOC~eTK'y, TaKBO peurea,e paa CBe pYCKe KO~. OT~3aBm". OCTaHe jy je

CTaHKa CBe pYCKe jepapxnje,

upese 8 Home'H3a3BaTH

ce O)J;'np83HalLaRaHOHHqHOCTB

CTaJIHOCTH oyrapcKe

npsae pYClta npltBa aanrza je sa 60JLe ,lJ.a.

JbyoaBH

BeJlRlt<>H npKBOM napUrpaJJ;CKOM, mTO ,lJ;a CTOjH y ,lJ;OOpHHO)J;BOCHMa aa mH3MaTHqq. JIBBe~HKe; xpBcioB~ 01'Kp-H.l!a je npaaaaroa

.1IHIJIHJIO HoryliHocTH npKBOM, OCJIOHna H sanrrare oyrapcKa npKBa.

C oyrapcKoM nreaa npane, JLa~~

naparpaacse

~.l!pORO nOJLe npo-

recraacso]' B .PHMOKaTOJlHqROj nponaraaaa, ,IJ;eceTHHe XHByrapa nocrame npOTeCTaHTB, yHBjaTH H PHHOKa.

TOJIOnH, ,lI;OCTaBeJIHRH opoj H' y ca~alLe ce . spexe Byrapa nORoJle6ao ce i--Benoaama ce npeaa 1L0j u"OTHyBO HBItaKBY Bepy. H ,1{a:acue Be ap-

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cnoje npexa rpsxax. npnanH

.pohene Byrape.
apxajepej« ceOH, ROjH cy y

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neh je YPO,ll;HJIO nJlO,ll;OH

Home nponacra BepOHaYRe y maoH aTeH33.)1.

a y oY,ll;ylie OHOyrpo.mana BOCJlaB.'LCy 3eMJbR, jep je JlaMa Eno

npezaaaae

nOCTaJIO aeotianeaao. J1ITa ce

HanHOHaJlHHM 6yrapcRHJI nesepoaaae, nrraana y o«l>HnHjuHHM HHXHJIIICTHqRe noHH BRCC aaaaae

IJIItOJIaMa nporroneaa noanaaaa 6yrapcltRM

ce jaaao

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(1890.): "Je,ll;HO Bamno

IIIIT3H>e 0 :maqajy me, "If MaIbe, llPOTIIHOpeQHja, 1'I0lHa:lHje

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uuae )l,OJIaae ,lI;0 3aKJbYQRa ,lI;a je cTapR saaer )1,0 "RCTOqHa qeMY ce CItaCRa" y sojo] Mome yBepHTH

CllaKR yqeHHR

"llOMOhy

yI;IoeHHRa «I>HSRKeH xeHBje" ...

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)(Ba

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npanOCJI3BHUX CTaHOBHHK3 nocroja

je,n:H3 ,n:YXQB-

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57
cesranapaja (.~pyra y CaMOltOBY SaTBOpeHa),y sojo] je aehana yqeHUIta S~P~!'.'~_ ~~?!e~!~H!~~?H._
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HUROMe Huje 6HJla TOJlUltOO~ ROPHCTU pacnpa Byrapa H I'psa, sao PHMCltOj RypUjH U earzecao-axepaaaaCKOj . nponaraaaa. IIpBa, Mome ce peha, pyKoBO~HJIaje . caMY CTBaP, jep 6yrapcRn npe~CTaBHBI\U, ltOjH mUBe y n:apH~pa~y U cnpexajy nenarse oyrapcKe IlpRBe o.z. naparpazcse, HenpeCTaHO cy ~p.maJIB canere RO.z. aoa~a Rope H y nOCJIaHCTBUMaHMORaTOJlHqRBX P ~pmaBa, ca qUjOM ~OSBOJIOMHn H paaame. O . PUMClta nponaraH.z.a,·Koja je neh ozaeno nouera ~a ce mHpH Ha 6UltaHCKOMe nOJlyocTPBY, OCBJlHJla Me~y Byee rapaxa H Malie~oHcKuMCJIoBeHBMa jom o~ qeTp~eCeTero ~UHe OBora aesa, Ra~ je noxeo YMHU B HalluOHUHU nosper RO~ Byrapa, 6.uaro.z.apeliu OHBMM.ua~uM Byrapaaa, Kojn ce. aparanre us Hexauee H AYCTpo-YrapcRe U ROjU ce TaMO o6pasoBaxy. OBU MJla.z.u6yrapcRu yquTe.JLH npBB nyT crame y.uUBaTu Byrapaaa MHcao 0 IlAnalLY o.z. naparpazcse npsae, qHMe cy ce YCROPO ROPUCTB!I!.je3¥JU.B, ROjH y nOqeTRY mecere roaaae OCHoB~Dley IJ;apBrpa.z.y Jo_f..!!£n_O~~P.Q~Y ~T.a!,H~r., Ha qeJIY soje oeme aQ~T. U3 KOHrperalloje JIasapHcTa; sa qJIaHOBeJrlHcBje6exy y npao apexe 1.IS!'~P!1:P~ qq.JLa~B. Y npe.z.rpa~Y' IJ;apHrpa.z.a- Ba-. GeRY,JIa3ap~~TH OCHOB,~me BOjy,.KOJlerHjy, Y ROjOj ee y C C~~I!~~~ BpeMe noyqaBa .z.o 250 ~yrapcKux MYlllltapalla H AeBojqBIl~. '-, ,1I;a'6B onopuje usjaBBJlu nporecr nporas BJlaCTBna-

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rpajapxose, H C Apyre crpaae, ~a 6H noruannua PYCHjy H npHHy.z.HJIH ~a CTaHe aa crpaay Byrapa, nOC.1Ie.z.lbH je (Byrap«) nonperanre yHujOM C PUMOJrl. TOj lleiLu y IJ;aY \ :', pHrpa.-y noneme aaaaaarajeayarcse HOBDHe "ByrapcRa" y r :-._ ..' npao apexe aa 4>paHnYCKOJrl je3UItY. Jeaaa OA r.uaBHUX I ._\ . " capa.z.HuKa 6BOje npemaama y PUMORaTOJlHUBSaM, n03HaTH \ I'· 6yrapcRu npaas ,1I;p.IJ;aHKiB, ROjU ce je aacnarao y mROJlII je3yuTcKoj. IIpBH nORymajH D;aHKOB.jbeBH aaneae By .. .z.a
I

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58
rape y yHujy ~aTllpajy ce OJJ; 860 rOA., KaA je OR aa1 rosopao "HapO,l{RO c06palbe" Aa ce 06paTu saWTUTUnane JIuja IX U Ra~ My je UOCJIaoaRT 0 upelaCRY Byrapa y yHHjy. MOJl6a 6eme npeaaaa nancsoae BUKaPUjy y IJ;apHrpaJ(Y, BpYHOHR 0 ,meJLRuaparpazcae 6yrapclte onmraae (ltoja ce caerojara BeliuHOK U3 ROlLywapa U 6aDITOB&HJ,luja a as 6yrnpClte HB y mra He Bepyjylie UHTe~RreBuaje), J{a ce noaope nanesoj BJiaCTRH Aa npUBOJIeaa TO U OCTaJleByrape. Henaa,e caoje Byrapa norspename AP.atalbelrf "MoJIe6Ha" y KaTOJlRtIltoj ~PItBR, ItOjB je oTcJlymHo jepxeacao - ItaTOJIII'IItRenacsou XacYH. Oaora nyTa yHuja He UMa~ame OCOORTacnexa, npexxa je IJ;auKOBYU HCIIUO y sa PYKOH ));a npeKJIOHRy yHRjy apXRMaH~JlHTaCORO.lUUcsora MaHaCTBpa, J OCB4>a,IOBeRa BpJIO neotipaaoaaaa, ' aeorecaaa, Roja He 3Ha~ame HB nacara, H osora "npoCTaKa" nOCTaBH nana Ibje IX sa apxajenaeaona 6yrapcso- YRHjaTcKc npsse, nOJlOmRBmBOCBOBY YRHjaTcltoj jepapxHja y Byrapcsoj. Oraparse IJ;aRRoBa ));a OCRJlR 6yrapcso - YHRjaTcKY jcpapxRjy npeJIaCKOMy yRBjy Mal£apRynOJLCKOraenacsona HJlaplfOHa, nora je narpajapx DOcxao y SaTOIJClbe MaJIY Asajy, HC YBcH'Ia ceo y CKJIOHHBWa1860 ro));. .Iocaea CORO.lLCKOra npe~e ));a y YHHjy, 0 ROjOj ouaj RCHa~ame HURaItBa 1I0jH&, IJ;aUItOB, C npacraasoa 4>paH~yCKora nOCJIanCTBa BCJlnROM noB Mohy jC3YIITa, O));BC));e Jocu4>a y PHM, rae OH JlaCRaILCM llaja U jeayara 6ewe CBe'laHO noenehea 8 ArrpHJla 1861 roa. sa apxajenacaona 6yrapcKor. 3ajC));HOca COItOJlCRHM npaaaure yHujy HCItOJlRKO JIR~a 83 6yrapcKora ~yXOBHHIUTBa, sao apxaaaaapar Maltap8jc, ));Ba caemreaasa, ~aItOR Pa4>aRJlO H same 0)); 200 6yrapcltux TprOB&I\&. Ita)); ce J OCH4> COKOJICItHnOBpaTR y Ilaparpaz, BJlaCTH Typclte npaaaame ra sao rJIaBY 6yrapcKo-YRRjaTclte onmTHHe 8 OH 9 jYHa RCTe rO));HRC)(.ooa 6epaT. Caaaaama aa npeaapy, COROJICRU, 06aanpylia ce aa cTpamy )(0· Be Many, Kojy noeraaame je3YHTC, 113aeRa~aHCIJe3He18 JyDigitized by

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59
aa, DmB T. j. noeae ce y 9 )J.3Ba nomro naae cysaMa je )J.OOHO eepaan; npea Bore H II jaaa ce y narpajapmajy, narpajapxy.

T'ynreha

OH SaMOJIU y !Lera naaarajy

-onpomraja,

CItH.n,e ca eerie apxnjepejcay .n,06uo o)J. flBja npeaara KaJly~epcKe

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soje

je ,

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o)J.aKJIe o)J.eayB ce y

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a sa THM no )J.03BOJIH aacoxajuroj JlaBpy, aaure OJ{

rsers

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y KHjeBcKO-neqepcKY

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100

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ao sa THM My HCTO 3aopaHH MOCKOBCKora MHTpOnOJlRTa cI>R-'

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rOA. J OCH4>COKOJICKB aa nOSHB BJla,I(e OTR.lI.ey XOJllf paAB pYRonoralLa TyprHje oxpeseo. cnoaeay YHHaTcKRx CBeUlTeHRKa H paacaora je nany, O)J. ora ce aesaaa s

Caparsea

aa J1aBpCKOM rpOO.1by H oneaaa YHHjaTa, nyT KOjH

sao

n10CT HOHax. BerCTBOM COKOJICKOr y PYCBjy HaHeT 3HaT3JI

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60
UHjy Je)l;peHe, O)l;aRJleH none 06HJlaaHTB OKOJlHaceaa H npesaarsara 6yrapcKe CeJLaKe, )l;a npaae YHHjy. 1873 roz. enacson CMOJleHCKH HRJI: sora je nOCJIao 6yrapcKIt: esaapx y COJlyH, npHMH yHRjy H YBe)l;e y ILy )l;OCTaHalie)l;OIlCKUX CJlOBeH8, nehnaox nOJL8HCKe HJlB RyRyDlRe enapxnje, ROjH lorn 1859 roa, npHMume YHBjy H nOTnHcame aRT 0 TO)le,HO Ta)l;a HX YCKOPOnoupaTU y npaBOCJIaBJbeyrapcRH nOJLaHCRH 6 enacxon Ilapreaaje Mepe Roje je npe)l;y3eo ersapx AHTHM, H osora nyTa nospaTHme 3HaTaH 6poj RyRymaHa y npaeocaaase &.lID enacaon HHJI C )l;eJlOM caoje nacrse (aame 0)1; 100 Ryha.) oeraae YHHjaT_ O)l;eJIeILeM6yrapcKe npese O.ll.naparpaacee pUHCRa, npOTeCTaHTCRa, C06HTO O earaeexo-axepasaacsa nponaraa)l;a 3a)l;06ume cetia onmHpo nOJLe paaa.

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ROJlHKHje 6poj pHMOKa'rOJlHRa HHjaTa H nporecraY aara y Byrapcsoj H Malie)l;oHHjH, TeDIRO je O)lpe)l;HTHj Hyl'apR ce crapajy )l;a CMaILe oaaj 6poj H oApe~yjy 6pOjHOCTByrapa. plIMOKaTOJlHItaH YHHjaTa y Byrapcsoj H HCTOqHOj PYHeJlHjH 2540 nopomna HJlH 18905. Ayma a nporeeraaara csera 470 nopoaaua "JiH 1958 )l;yma, HO osaj je 6poj MHoro MalLU 0)1; onora no pallYHalLY pHMCRe If npOTeCTaHTCKe npanaranae. Ca)l;a Byrapa HMaj y TpH YHHjaTcRa enacsona, y I~apHrpa)l;y -apxajemrcsona HUJla H3BopoBa, y Jeapeay enacsnua MHxaaaa IIeTRoBa U y COJlyHy JIaaapa MJIaAeHOBa,enacsona CTa.'LCRora. OCJlO(0)l;RBIIIH peJIHrH03He ocehaje Byrapa, oyrapcKu npaana H caMII noseme CRJlalLaTU Byrape y )l;pyry Bepy, aehaaou y npoTecTaHcTBo, Roje je y nOCJIe)l;ILe npeae ycneao oKymHTH 3HaTHU )l;eo CTaHOBHHIIITBa jyro-acrouae Byrapcae. IIo3HaTH 6yrapcRR neCHUR CJJaBejKoB,no HapYI,IOHHHeHrJleCltO-aMepHKaHCRHX MHCHOHapa,nncao je AYXOBHe 6pomype na 6yrapcKoM jeaasy. Ilporecraareea nparraraaaa, Roja je H3AaBaJIa1860 roxaae BpJlO pacnpoCTpalbclly ~OA Byrapa ,,30PUHUy",

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61
pa.1tH HHOrO ycnemHHje
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je,

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Y <PUJlHnOnO.lLYByrapa HMapHMOltaTO.lUUU HMa-

pHHORaTOJIHqltOra enacsona

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62
I

paaosaaa

ByrapH,

HH)I;H~epeHTHH npexa npaBOCJIaBJbY, RaO npsaua npanaraaae

npRBH,

jaBJLajy

ce, H3 Mpm.lI>e npeaa HHnH H opymje

BeJIHKH

nouoh-

JIaTHHCRe H aMepHKaHCRC. RaO )l;a cy y6e~eILa -

i,

OnWTe ca)l;aWILH 6yrapcRH aa neJL )l;a nORoJle6ajy

H3a6paJIR

peJIHrH03Ha

H BepOB8.ILa. y)l;eo' He-

Byrapa
mypa;

He caao

WItOJIaMa,

no IbBXOBHM

seh mapeaex peqHHa pemraja je

ROjH cy y apexe

paaJIHqHHX 6po-

BaCnHTaILa.

Bohe
Bysypeurry,

B yrapa,

Ra)l; ce paaaaaa

rpqlto·6yrapcRa .1Ia3H 6yraicRo apxajep. HO cy --.. MaR)I;pHTa

npaseaa

pacnpa,

mHBeJIH y

Ilaparpaay,
6yrapcRHM ,lJ;aB(H OBO Aa 6H BeJlH

H RO)l; Hac y O)l;eCH (r)l;e ce H )1;0 )l;aH8.CaaHacTojaTeJLCTBO), ynpaBJLaJIH cy nosper. (T. j. "RacTojaTeJLH H3 CBOjHX "HHKa)l;a

H PYROBO,)(HJIH 6yrapcRH

ITo ,)(oCTaBHapxaB0ge Byrapa)

Ilerpa,

seh HaBHKJlH ,)(a ynpaBJLajy

)l;yXOM aapoza H ,)(& ra My3y sa60paBHTH, na cRyny: iKlfBeTH H

He he HcnycTHTH 6.11arOCTaibe.• .': OH ,)(aJLe,.HX (T. j.

pyay)
He hy

ce OHH 3aCHTH.1IH,axa,

RaItO BeJIe, sa OHH Ra3aJlH

lLerOBO s)I;paB..'be H "MB lieMO ymHBaTH,

\: ,,
......
"

,-.

WTa cy

csoje apxajepeje) ceria, caao

OCY,)(HTH Ha RaltO lie

XJIe6 H BO)l;y, na

)l;a ORH He MHCJle 0 Bet. )l.a paze nOBMe." Ibe apexe rJle)l;eliH aa

OHO Wl'O je nOTpe6HO, T.j. WTa OHH38.nacaao 6yrapcRe

'''''..:,
~

CBe ocraje

IIITO je

1859-1860 r. ~ y C8.)I;anpsae 0)( speae naparpazcse 6yrapCBOIf

y TOM IICTOM HeH3MeibeHOM 00;1IHRY, He

paazeseae

H na nOJlH1'HqRY HesaBHCHOC1' ROM RPBJLy. Ko jepapxajoa ynpaBJba

Byrapcse,

')(OOHBeHY PYC-

y ,)(aHaWlLe

? Te HCTe. B(}~e Byrapa:

csapasrepacao WTO ,)(aje

O1'aM6Y.1l0BH, pesaaa

My-f-

. KypOBH, O~ejKoBH, xajamapa" . . • "OBe,

qYMaROBH, ,)(p. II;aHROBH H ,)(p. Roje ~,ym.aCHH R.'baMqH,

je apxHMaH.zipH1' Ilerap

Pycaja,

BeJIH nHcan

Byrapcsa

O,)(Max nporyTa,

H.'ba)l;y ny1'a name

xaoro

ce JLyTH .res raso,

aa CHaRH .CJIyqaj), BPJIO qeCTO 3aBH,)(JLHBOra H ce He 'npe)l

H p~aBO paqYHa, aJiH YCJIe,)( 6ecK pajuora

H3')(ajHHQltOra BepOJIOMCTBa, nyaH H YHHmana

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Google

63
Be.KaQRROH PYCRjC, !LeHe 3aJJ;lLe KKelH"

aeh

CaKO yCJle~ crpaxa,

JJ;a He J(03RaJ(Y PYCBja je BapOJ(a, &JIB CBe

)l;apyjyhH

MBoro GyrapHlrIa,

ra.jH .. a HaJJ;y 6ap Ha 6J1arOAapBOCT6yrapcRora

Byrapcsa,
C jom

no peqHJda acrora 6yrapcKy

oua apXHKaB,lJ.pRTa, RUjR je "npKJdaiyhH

AO()pO paayaeo M3ua

HRTelRreHnHjy:

OOCROHaqHUJd yCJdt'BHIrI R nRCJdCHHJd JlaCK&ILCM, BHjC B Bsje aanneaaa caJdO OBO: ",lJ,06po qOBHTC, cJl060J(Y; Beh nyBH HC 3HaTC Ry,lJ,aCBOjC 6J1aro heHo y TOM CJlyqajy

AO()pOTBOpH, Gpaho po~cHa! MH heMo ce Mope H YTehH liello ce H y TYPKe

AeB&TC, caKO HC MHCJlHTC RynHTB TOMe RR.my SaKJIeTH,,II;a OJ( oac Be caKO q>paKnYSHHa,BC

caMO nanH,

nperonara,

,lJ;patBMO, J(a PYCM

6J1HK& [om

HHje 3&(')opaRRJla Ha 1I0MOh, ROjy

cy J>yrapa

1867

Aa je PYCKH KapoA, Ha 1I03HR CBOI'a npoenerareaa

CKOBCRora f)opaBHJla c'rpa'HBx n03RaTil c.:Iyqajy Roja KHTpOnO.lHTa. cl>uapcTa, KpHTa, HII CJI&O sao CBOjy OJJ;BaatHBH MyqCHHUHJda ocrpsa WTO Bajc

rO,lJ.HBCIIpC,lJ.Jlal'8JIH Typuaaa IIpOTllB KpHliaHa,

KA: I
MoJ1enry

-~

sa-

~6e:, ~:IZ8pCXf)-:rypc..cu, ROjH ce je cnpexao ...·i 1885 rOARHc, EaAa je 20 jaHyapa GyrapcKR MHHBcTap HHO-' ~
JJ;c.la OOTIiRcao ca BCJlHKHHBC3HpeH y l(apBrpaAY npacrana«, no ROMe ee

Byrapcsa

06aBcsua 6yrapcKe

JJ;a Y BojcRe .

Hana,lta C nOJLa Ha .a:pyre BRJlajcTe PYJdeJlHjc (T. j. 'fYPCRC) ,ltaje, ROJlHRoje norpetiae BOjeROBO~C J(ejcTBoBaTH \ caMO npoK&6BHCTa TypClw.(jyrapcRH . peeepara apXRMaHaa A8.JLH .&3HC rpq· Horylle YBepHcTalL), II

Eaponcse

Lc, nOJJ;ynpaBOJd uapcsera HHIIepaTopCRor

3aje.a:Ho C OTOHaHCROK BOjCROM." B.larOAapehH TecTY pycaore cnopa.sYK OCTao je 6cs nOCleABua. )lH BaOe.JR H3 RaO npearosop

Pesa, Roje eso Jl.pRTa Herpa, C.lyze

Ko-6yrapcKora Aa oe je jow Aa.a:c cBcHoryha aaure, ocBHoajyltB npn

UpRRCHor nHTan.a.. OBC OTBopeHO CBCAOqc Kpajy

1850 rOA. 6uo

npR BC

TH, J(a naparpaacaa npasa

naTpBjapmHja

CBOj lKCoLH ,lJ,a CBe name

Byrapaxa,

he GHTH y

AI' HX 3a.a:oBO..'LH,ep cy [

Byrapa

3axresa.1H

OBe cooje

aaXTeBC Ba BeRaRBO.. KCTODigitized by

Google

64
PHCKOMnpaDy Byrapa na MalieAoBajy a Tpaaajy, ORKpyliR ce aa BP~O c.laoe eraorpaecse nOAaTKe, mapeha CBaKBM)!;aROMa YABojaBajyliH csoje 3aXTeBe, KOjH yrpoataBaxy Aa ce oa CBBM pacaaaae DaCHOHCM narpsjapmHja H npersopa y Byrapcxy, . Ilarpajapx T'paropaje :LV. ROjH je cTynHo aa BaCDORCRHnpecro 1867 fO,l(. ROPRCTHO KO,JJ; ce Tpsa np.lo Be.IHKHMyoamelbeMj aYTopHTeT ILefOB 6ao je TaRO Be~aKH, )!;a je OR, Be 60jeliH ce, xorao ByrapHMa.lia npe.uO:lKH TaKBC 3HaTHe YCTynKe, Iwje ReoB HMao RyPaJRH aapeha HII je)l;aH lberoB npe1Xo,1{HHK.Y npojesry cnopasyea, AaTOM ITOpTR 1867 rOARHe,narpajapx TPHl'OpHje VI. YCTYnao je Byrapaaa 13. enapxaja, H 0,8;THX 6 cpncsax: IIpH3peHcKY, Bocaucao-capajescsy Xepueroeaney, 3BOPBHqRY, HalUKY H 7oyrapcRHx: TPBOBCRY,)l;apOCTO~'LCKy, BHABHCRY, .I0BqaaCKY, BpaqaRcKY, H qepBeBcRY. CB~ OBe enapxaje 'fpeoa.n:e cy )1;80 00pa3yjy 6yrapcKB ~pKBeHR ORpyr, y ROMe oa npBH jepapx HMao 3BaIM eK3apxa nexe Byrapcse; aa aeroao BpeMe· otipaaoeao OH ce 06~acBH CHBO)!;,KOMe OH, a3Me~y OCTa.BOfa, 6HJlO OC'faB.lLeHO npaso JI~oopa apxajepeja ua ynpamiLeHe sarezpe. Byrapa He npaaanre oBaj npojesr, ROjBM ce nponrapara lLHXOB:\~pRBeRa OO.laCTH )!;a.n:a lLaxoBoj ~pKBa )l;OCTa~BeJlHKa npaBa. ARO xohexo )l;a CMOHa upxeeao-acropacaoa H KaBORBqROM npaay, TO YCTynalba, xoja je qBHHO narpnjapx I'PHropaje VI.· Byrapaea, rpeda erporo OCYAHTH. CTaBmH je,lJ.aHnyT aa He aaRORHTY,oCH08Y, narpajapx I'paropaje VI. H aeroaa npejeaaaua He xoronre je aeh name OAPmaTH noz COOOM. yrapa, B H.la OO.Jbepehn B,HXOBH naPO)!;BB ,Tpy,l(6eHH~B 3&XTeBa.BB cy caMOCTaJIHO ,ypegeffie lLHXOBe npxae, xora cy ce )J.06pOBOJLHO JIHlUHJIa 1393 r. Ra)!; je naJIO IbHX080 napernn H Ka)!; je lbaXOBa aesaaaCRa narpajapnraja yje)!;HlLeaa C ~apHrpa)!;CKoM. AltO ce je TypCKa BJla)!;aHaRJIOaOnonamaaa npeaa 3aXTeBHM&Byrapa H BHje ce IIpO'fHBHJIaOOHO~'Lelb MaKap a UOJIyHeY

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65
.'1,11 IlMCl.lHtnOBO)J.ao.apehu y je He caxo IDUt
II

osox

·HapO)J.y,ROjH je .me.lIUO

)J.a ce IwpnCTn

I\PKBCHOM aYTOHoMHjOM,

neh

)J.a

cnoje aanuuaaxae jepapxe, A.lIlf mra je en. CBOjltM ClIlIOil.OM YllIHIIIO narpajapx I'paropaje V I. Ilospahajyha oyrnpclwj nplmll, If.lIH npchannso] TPHOBCKOj narpujapnmju, HU:1aIlJlCHOCT,OR aaapaeananre nox CBOjy aracr enapxlljy CO(I'HjCI\.Y. IWjit oeIlle y I1pe~e.lIlIMa npehannsera TPROIlCIW1' narpujapxara, H Y nCTO ,1(06a ue3 cnaaora noBO;I.:l. YCTynao je II npnripajao oyrapclwM esaapxary cprrcxe \cnapxnje . npm.lpCHClty, oocaHCKY, HIIDlKy. ep3el~HjcKy ·11 :mopHHIIKy. Ha Taj na-nnr OU je )J.ao Byrapaaa OHO IIITO ml HIIKa~a nuje npnnaaaao: Byrapa, paayxe ce, yxnarnnre ce an. OBO H O)lPCKCl.BIIIHce )J.a npHMe npojesr narpujnpxa I'pnropnja VI. uoneme aeh noexe rora lI3I'.H.'-1.31'1I ena p xuje, rcoje cy,1(O 1767 rO,1(IIAe npunazaae cpucso-anbeaoncuoa uarpnjapxary J{ OXPU,1(CIWMe apxajenucuonary. Heall)l(Ino:LlIIllllli ce, )l.aItJIe, npojeerox narpnjapxa I'paropnja \T Hyrapu IloTpaiKlIllle )J.a ce 0,1( uaceaeacsora lI}lp(,To:la O,1(C.lIC enapxuje y Mahc)l.OHlljll, soje c'y ,1(017.67 1'0;1,. npllllu)J,tUC OXPU)J,CIWMH nebcxoa npecTo.llY a TaKOh(~ II neue enapxuje y Tpasnju, soje cy npunaaaae naeC.I,enCJWl\W T}HlHy. Ilocranr.ea Y reacas noxoaeaj aHTHl\aIHHleIWM :laXTCHIIMa Byrapa, narpnjapx Tpnropsje IV. ,-(11<1 fiym ce otipahao CBlIMa. RC:.IaOKCHHMnpsaaaa ,1(a paau ca.nma uaoo.r.encuora cafiopa nOUI.lLY csoje npeacran-: "1I1~('. )la 011 ce npCI'.1C;la.1Hsaxreuu Byrapa, HO yc."be)J.Tora III 1'0 jc pyclm CB. C'1II0_:( crsasao )J.aCY)J.C.lIyjc,OH CC pennr :l<l .!I,a oc ralll~y. H nO_PTa 0)1. CBOjC CTpaHe, He .iKe.lI 1111 e ,"(;1. cc caoop caaonc, IH' npecraae nOTnOMarCl.TH eaxrene llyrupa, ()OChaHajyhn !meHOM cY.lITaHa,1(a H:l,1(a cJ>cpMaH () ypel)clLY oyl'apclwra csaapxara, IIIIM ce cauo 6yrap('1;.11 cuucsonu cal~ync y Hapnrpaa. IIpc)lcTaSHHnH cTpanux. :q)l(,aBa, aa n:JY:lcTIWlfl l'P'IKC, rasohe otiehatue Byra1'IImt CBOjy uoxoh, iep cy cc cTapa.m ,1(ano Ma RaKny neuy

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f\

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/

~ .... ,\ :

'l

66
ocaatie ycncxe BCJlHKY ~apHrpa.l.Clty ~pKBy 8 THMe UOTUOMorHY pHMOICaTOJIHqKC npOTeCTaHCKe nponaraaze. H HHTpOnOJIHTH, KOjl1 ce HCKynHwe

Byrapcsa

y IJ;a.

pHrpa)J,y, OBHcy: AHTBH BH)UIHCKH,',llopoTej PHOH JIOBllaHCKH, HJJapHOH

C04>HjCKH,Iba-

6. <l>HJJHnonO.lbCKH Ry~OBJJaX Hanaper H 4>8J1HnOIIO.'bCRH. If OBH OyHTOBHB~H apxajepejn, ROjH ,lJ.O~OlllCY Haparpaa 6e.1 )J,03BOJlecnora BpXOBHor apxanacrapa, npeaaaonre narpnjapxy axr, y KOMe 1t3Me~y OCTaJlOra 06jaBHme, )J,a ce OHU yltJlalbajy O)J,cJly.m6e napurpaacsora npecroza H )J,a ce apahsjy y crapy 6yrai ,CKY ~PKBY, KOjy npaaaaje cas 6yrapcKIf Hapo)J, B R.mp. Ilarpnjapx nosparu HO.l6y enuMaKapHynOJbCRJI, IIajcHje

csona
nperehn

C YKOPOH H nOTpa..mH )J,a

ee

y)J.a.Jle H3

Ilaparpaaa

aa nOCJleTKY )J,a lie npH6eliu npnsenaa Ra3HaHa. Y npexe, Ita)J, cy Byrapa Tpa..mUJlH eaoja npaaa aa cpneae enapxuje y Malic)J,oHHjH, soje ey .1.0 1767. roa. npnnazaxe nebceox H OXPH)J,CKOMnpeCTOJlY, cpncsa aaa)J,a y Ilapnrpaay otijanu aa IbHX H csoja npasa, rpaaeeha )l.a 0", aKO (iH ce OHe O)l,eJlHJIe0)1,BaCeJbCHCROraTpOHa, uaBMCHOBalhC enncaona y cpnCKHM enapxajaaa Crape Cp6nje
H Mahc)I,OHRje IIpHna)l,aJIO

cpncsoae

MHTpOnO.1lH1"y, BJIB

(jap y npOTHBHOM cJlyqajy,

)J,a ce OOHOBH nelieKH

narpaHo
CBR

japxar na

Hattap

TO 6HJlO H Y BH)J,y

esaapxara,

Tpy)l.H r. PHcTHha ItOjH jc

nponaaome, jep je

npOTIIBOJl~jCl'BOBaO

PYCKH nOCJIflHHK y II;apBrp:1)J,y,

rpo4> H.

H. Hrlba.THjeB,

nocaaerosao HopTH )J,a OTKJIOHHaaXTCBe epncae ',BJIa)J.c H y HCTO apeue npllHy)J,RO fa )J,a rprae eaoje aax\TCnC aarpar.
HCMajyhH
~)cUlH

Hn MaJlOjltCJbC CarJlaCHTH ce )J.n.ce H8pHO ItpKBeHO

rp'lItO-6yrapcKo

nuraae,

nopra

CC

na noy

CJlc'my

penman

)J,a 113)J,a4>CpMaH 0 ypc~eff,y CaCTaBHO

(iyrapCltora

esaapxara.
I~apnrpa)J.y, jear,

CaM eepvan

je naucuu Ifyll~"je

atiar

Ilope, soju ra je CJIao 83 I.J;apHrpaAa

Huje npuHH~a
8R

y PitH na oxoripeu,e nann Ilnjy IX. Pasyxe ce. .Il.a npoROjR je O)l.o6pHJla PHMCKa Kyvuja,

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Google

~: 2

-'s _.

67

jeaaa,

8ft ~pyra

crpana; I'pna

II Byrapn

OCTaJJ.ome

ae-

3a~OOOJLHHcyuaHcKIIM

cl>lIpMaHOM, R pacnpa 1{)la~a7rre

II:1Mrl,y ~Ra

je.aaoaepna

HapOJJ.ayaeha ce; 3iL TO PHMClt3 I(YPlfjiL I1ojatI.a

.. ~~oj_p~A..H
Mem31bC

~ocm'ycnixa.~··!tao UITO ·
He caao WTO je

hOMO ORJJ.CTH JJ.a.1Le.

IIopTC

y npuseno na II

naraa,e

6HJIO noru YHO HC3al('OHIiTOc nrKDCHO ItaHOHClte erpane, HO je 611.110 Tal('o~c npecroaa, soja joj je II noaymajea npaoa rapaaronao HeaaDHCHOCT 03CCJLCHCKor YHlfmeIbcH <PeGjiyaj)a 6yrapcltOI'a a) enapxujc

upaaeaernja
I1;apHrpa)(iL,

narpujapuraje,

oceojan roa,

MyxaMe~ II.
rp'lltHH Aa

28.
30DafbY y~y: 4> IIjClta,

'1870

Ilopra

jc

npeaaaa

II 6yrapcKHM

npCCTaOHRIUIHa cYJITaHcKH 4>epMaH 0 06paessapxara npC~allllbCl' y 'IHjH cacras rperianre TPHOBCKOI' HJlH 6Yl'apcltol" JJ.OPOCTOJLCKa, COJIOOqaHClta H rrpe~. 00caMoJtOoc~a, BaCeJLeHCKOM. . enapxaje HlIllJaOCKa, : tycTeH~luc&a, Y8CI(' npnnaaaae

narpaja PX3Ta:

TpHoBcKa,

npccraacaa, TYJLQUHCKa; 0)

UIIJJ.I~lIcKa, nepneacsa, narpujapxara uoje cy

Bpa11aHC1t3, enncaouaja

nehcso-cpncsor
JIeCltlt, 1'rOHY:

HHIIIKa. ; c) enapxsje

npeh. OpII~CltOr apajenacsouara,

II)

enapxaje, enapxnja nant

......,
<C

cJ>HJIRnonO.'bCK3 cacranseaa H

o~ rse H cyce~HHx,

~~

npaxopcsux

CJlIIBeHCRa H zeo C030nOJLCK{'.

Ilocaauns

y D;apH rpa)J.y, rpoe lfrfbaTRjeB,

cJlymHo ou~a nornoaorao

!taKO

8C.1II r. 1'enJlOB (KOjH je nOCJlancTBY), KOjlI je

y uapHI'paJJ.CKOM: Jl.a ce mTO npe

<::._ ....!_-:

~-..

<'
./

H3~3Balby 4'HpHaHa "no1'- ; je mro 6HO HaltJlOlbeH·

-,

uoxarao je TypCKy
06HapOJl.yje pHMaj caCDHM Jto6po,

lIJ1a~y, u3cTojaBajyhH BH~HO saserau

4>HpMaH, II yorrwTc mTO ce, sao cy

Byra-

y <l.npHaHY OU je IIC y KOPHCT

6YJJ.yhe He3aBHCce yoa'rHwe aa,

BOCTH Byrapa",

3HaHO, H3BpmHJlO, aJlH

Pycaje. Byrapa

cyJlTaHCIUI
Mome

cl>JlpHaH, npenaa

ILHXOBH enHCItOnH 3H3J1B DJla)l.aO~eM, Be aHaqaja B HHKaKBor

JJ.a cl>lIp~aH,- H3)l3H HexpHDlhaHcKHM y-itaHoHcKOH O)l.HOCY HHaTH

onTH

rrpUHJLeH npaBOCJIaBHOH ~pKBOM. He ~o()HBmH ()J1aro8.

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.68
CJlOBa OA ~aTepe-upKBe ByraVII,
•• ._.___...__

sa oOpa30B.afhe
.... __ ._ ". _.. I

aaceriae jepapxnjooGpa-

ce nahonre. H3saH UpK~~ -.

.,n;eceTJ:I naparpa<l> CYJITaHCKQ-ra'cf>npMaHa .3QBalbY oyp~,pcKora je

Byrapnaa npaao rapCKHM easapxaroa

cBit: je)(HOl'JIaCHO

narpajapxara, HaMe~y OCTaJIol'a, )la.Hal' Aa aaxresajy npacajeauu.ea,e C uy~ ApyrHX. enapxnja H MCCTa, y KOBCPY, n.tn
){a
('I'

jHMa

".mHTeJbIl, KOjH HCnOBC)(ajy,npaBOc.lIaBH"Y

noaceae,

'HJIH (lap, ABe TPChHHC,

W H~:~Yr.~P~, .~Y.:TYPUH mTO

,--' r ,

eK3apX~TY, It' alto nOCJIC H.CTp.are 0Y.:tl' npaso, ,!rloJl6a ~opa 6u;1'u yaaaeeaa> ... . Osaj" naparpae jomsame qCHa.mH 'paa)(9pe H3I1Ie~y Tpna 6yrapcKo~e AOKaaaHO,. .lI.a je 'To .~. H~faJiH

noxope

Y,' Blt)(y..

':AanalbeM cpnCKUX

spcxe CpOH 611JII1 YBpei)eHII enapxaja 6yrapcKoMC e~JapxaTy H. cnpeMa.B:H ce )J.an.foTccTyjy npOTHB T,ora) T~ IIopTay aeeaehu CnpeQHTH yTHUaj cpncse KHe~eBHHe na cpncso CTaHOHy T.O HCTO H MalieAoHHjH, CTaHe na CTpaHY

Iloinro cy

HHIJITBO y CTaPOj'Cp6HjH Byrapa.

Opraaasarop nO.ll.YHaBCKora BIIJlajeTa MHJJ.xaTnama, a nocae I?era II A6)(y'paXMaH-n~llla peunnne ce "a nOMorHY 6yrapcKoMe eK3apxy, KOjH naje noaeamo "oaKmanra- H oora'fo' narpahuuao name H TYPCI).C· HHOBH~I~C. Q KOCOBCKH renepaa-rytiepaarop aajcrpoacaje je aaopaHIlO npH3peHCKHM CpOHMa )(a ce 30BY CpOH; osaj npliMCp HII.it'
OHO je)J.HHCTBeH: CBe CJlaBeHCKe CTaHOBHHKe l\ia:heJJ.OHlljt'

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6yrapcRH Hlije

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mODJIHHCTH II!-J)tajy

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y KojuMa

je

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'IOHO )ta cno 6a.J1KallCKO nOJlYO(,T)lUO Jm(,(,;baDnj~ HUlIITa 'JY)J.HOBll.TO, &.'1.( UJTO·ce ouasne 113.llajy BP~O rpyoe

Byrapn,

Geaoupa:JHC,

ernorpae-eue Til.

CJlOBCHCKIlM,lI;PYillTBOM, Moryhe O'ICIt It HaTJI.

xapre

C.

IICTporpa)J.CIWl\1 :rcnm0.lla je ItOjH TalOll.n CDC)tO )J,a ua

KOMe "Ma HC MaJlO HaY'IClhnl.a r. CTC<I>aH Bepnouah,

KOju CC nOTpY)J.J1IllC Hn CJIaBCHCltoMC no.ay aap . caCHHM HC 6(':) 1\.OpnCTn c.lIymH TPY)J.UCHIIltCC. .. aYl'OpHTC'f, . catf,~. nosnare

lle";.,·IIMa.

Byrapa;
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"JIIHII all.

Ilerporpazcnor'

CJlOBCHCltOr.llpylllTJI:\ a TaKobc

)J.a OHII .llpmll

all. MOl'yhc

'CT'Ho-ri1a";CKC xapre, II cTaTiIC/HtIKa,' mltBC

Ii nerpaacuBCPKOBHb Y

; Bao,a. ncropujcaa HCTO speae

rOTOnO O)tIHl'Iyi.n

6a..lltaHCKO)fC nuayocrpouy

I'pua,

r.

nOJlOBHHY cpnesora .llllje

Itpcl...'b(,BC·foau nQJlOllltHY jep, no IbCl'OBHM peqHMa M

Orape
caao "

Cp6Hje

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CC Byrapu

HUJla.3Cy OKpY3HMa: HHI1IIWM, nHpOTCKOM aJICltCHHa'lKOM, upaopens l1a H

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y IIpH!JpeHY' -_ H TaMO jc (iajal'll "CTaHOBHIIIII'!'BO HO cpncsora, seh UYl'apCKOl'a nopeura.r

~I~~a xoaee Y'lIIHH'fn 6yrapClto :uaTO: npc'foUIHl'fll

Byrapaaa ; UH 0110 'fCmKO .lla he 6U1'II Y eraa.y npllHy)J.H1'U npocneheae .'L YAC )(,\ nepy] Y CTHOl'PM'CKHM
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Hero JIM I'psa UJTaHnaJlH y

rouopehu

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Y BpeKe KPHTCKOl'a YCTaHKa 18G7

CYJlTaHY rOBOpBJlH 0 HeonXO)J.HOCTII~a HOMHa 06J1aCT, HHWTBOM y

I'O){.

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6yraJlClm

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neaa C OCTUHK TypCltHM oGJlaCl'lfMa, aa HapO){HHM npecrasOCraB.JbaHO npaao YCTaHaK Ocy~yjyhH

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je

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95
Kpuhana, nearpaaua 6yrapCltH ltOMnTeT HCKa3HBaO je. ro.-) TOBHOCT06pa3o.OaTH uarane aeraoae .llo.6po.BOJbanasa 6o.P6y f) npoTHoy KpnhaHa. Y OBOj azpeca 6poj Byrapa, ROjR HI\ ceaaeajy TYPCKy, o){pe~eu je y 7,500.000. 1881 roa.,: no DonHcy yqHlbeHOMC y Byrapcxoj, 6HJlO je' CTaHOOHHKa'2007910, 0,lJ;OBUX Byrapaje 6HJlO 1.345507, Cp6a. 2000, Pyayaa 49070, Typass 527.284, Tarapa 12366, Tpaa 11552, OCTaJlHX 60122. rIo sepn : npaooCJlaOHHX ORO 1,400.000 j MyxaMe,ll;aHana 569.000, o.CT8J1HX ,11;0. 39.000. Y I1CTo.qHOj PYHeJlHju 6HJlo. je no nonaey yqUIbCHOMe 1880 rO}(HHe: Byrapa 573.231, Typasa 174.579, Tpsa 42516, IJ;Hraua 19.524, -Iespeja 4177 H JepM8Ha 1306, a cnera 815.513 o.6a noxa, Meljy THM', aa 8 roxana noese ~qHIheHo.ra nonaca, 6po.j naceseaa cesepae u jyatHe Byrapcee, CY.2l;ehu no. .2I;aTHMa,Ro.je ja oriaapoaosao y 1888 ro..2I;HHU CTaTHCTHQKH 6HpO y Co.4>UjH, nopacrao je .21;0 3,145.375 )lyma o.6a noaa; 0..21; IbHX: Byrapa 3,121.284, Typasa 11.165, I'psa , I 5.813. Pyxyaa 1322, Cp6a 781, AycTpHja.uana (?) 4045 I , o.CTaJlHX 5965, aaa npn TOM rpetia npHMeTHTH, ,lJ.a ce no. H30emhHMa .BHCTa ('''(8ejaUUH., aa nOCJLe.2l;lbHX meer rO,ll;HHa (T. j.) O,lJ.1881 ,11;0. 1890 r.) HaCCJLeu.e Byrapeae CHalbHJlo. i i same. no aa 200.000, o.,ll Ro.jHX je,lJ.aH aeo .2I;OJlaaH acena I .'beHRKC Typse , a jenaa aa upapo.ano CMaIhHDllIC ce yoehalbe ruro ce o.6jamlbaoa p~aBHM eKo.Ho.MCKHM CTa- ( lbeM aapoza. ITo. sepoacnoeecnr nMa: npaDOCJIaOHHX 2,424.371, MyxaMe,llaHana 676.215, PHM'ORaTOJl"Ka 18505. nporecraaara 1358, .Iespeja 24352,. OCTaJlUX.oePOHCIIO' DeCTH 7300, aenosaare aeponcnouecra 2274. AKo. cspenexo 030UJLHY naatu.y aa nonace JLY.2l;CTOay 1880 H 1888 rO,llJlHII, TO. II HCOTJlIIHOrra)(a y OqH aesaaraa 6poj TYPCIWI'3 " rpqKOr cTaHoBHHllITBa. CMaJLHBmer ce 0)( 1884 rO)(HHe, H y OCTO npexe HaTDp"pO,lJ;Ho. ynehaannr CC 6poj Byrapa, Bpoj o.HUX, KOjH rOBo.pe TypCKU, Byrapa o,ll;pe~yjy

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607 331 06a noaa, ,l(al~JlC OHC. Koju He ronope 6yrapHHKaJUJora ocsona y npnfipajaTlf ByrapJl nyr~pHMa o)tf.e~yjy Beh caapatlyuaTll (He

eKIf HeMa Tpc6a neHeKItM

Typne

j 6poj

OHIIX, KojH ronopc

6yl'apc't'm)

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j n031fa1'0 je, ,l(a nnarau

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PYMYHa y ooe~f3 Malbe 0)1, HO.OOO, jeuapxnju), uoju

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afHOI'O je nume: npnux (lwjJf mllRe

a ('3 I~l.;~I~.~a

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CKOM II CIIJIUCT})njclwM oltpyry. c:aTpajy:u Ta6.Hlllc . H3CC.,'('C1f>auoje c UO.1J3mCnpnua , CTal'HCTlltIKlfM :lC~f.:be na l£Ojy HllltO

TO JIlTa ,l(a CC ){lICJlII 0

no.aanuna, IWjll ce THtl)' CTaHOBJIIllIITBa l\faJle,l(OHlljc H Tpaxaje. l\fo".e J1H ce UepOBaTlI Byra JIll am, ,l(a ce CTaHOBHItIUHI() Byrapcue II l1CTOtllle PYMC.llHjC yBchaJIO 0)( 18tH ,1(0 1888 1'0,1(.T. j. ail 8 1'0,1(.,1(0 310.000
nOCJIe rope cnuxenyrora ){CC.l,ltIlUJhU Typalm CTllIlORIIHllITna
If:l

ncuasa oyrapclwl'a ae)f.'bC, uoie

.mCTa II nome O.ll.II0CHO

HC npecraje,

Y MaJ.C)(OHlljH, Mil ItM8llO Y p)'l~aMa CTa'J'JIC ruuue Ta6J1Hlle r.r. Temosa. Be puos If ha, PH30Ba, Oeejsuna H aenojnx JJ.pyrHx 6yrapoMIlHa, I{.aKo TaKolye 0p611H8 MII.1l0jt'BHha II H3BcUlTaj c narpujapxnje, Jl.IHKHMO JJ.a HJljP- HymHo. y CD}(){a saaaaa, H KO,l( )J,pY1'Hx, CTaHOllHHUlTBO C rora je

II pnRO){JfTR llX
'I'emosn,

cne, TIlKO CyMy

)'0,1( rocn.

M; heaoanje

HHje noaaaano

ncaoryhe caecra onurry

Ilo 6pojaH.y
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j~,I(HOl' CHrJlCCKOI' HaytH.'Ihtllta, y 1,780.000 mHTe.'ba, 0,1(IWjHX je Belin ,l(CO MyxaMe){aHlle

j JeBl,eja

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100 xa.r.aaa,

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.JIYHCKOllfC BH.1JajeTY

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;l,a 011 'llOKa:la.111f, RalW CC je TeIlIIW pasaripar« Y cramcruuanu TaO.1IHl(aMa CTaHOBHlIlIl'l'Ba Mahr .lI.OH IIjC, IWjl~ IlHIUY Ilyrapa, MH pa.ll.lI rrpaxepa yauMaMo Aue sane.
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77550 12 21000. " "PHilona!) 6210(l' 10 17722. " "Hepl\olUlha 75887 24861. " "MIIJlojesnha2) 49182 13026 16152. " "JaKyoollcIWra:l) 80000 17800. II0 naneurraj lJP,ta narpnjapmnje, .,.. OHTO.1hCltoj Jta:JD upanocaananx HMa 115,000, IIlH:JMaTlilta 20 OQO.

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153.848 MYIllKor IIOJIaj a 110 CTCl.TJfCTHD;H f. PmWB1l 226.222 Byrapnna, Y .\I0(;J(f)8CI>Il.If, lleeeiutiu.u« (1882 1'0,1(. op. 127) HeItO je H3CpGa
I) I', 1'113011 j. 1101(113:10 ('lUI!) CTIlIIOHIIIIWT80 !IYIIJKora 110.111, 1,;(,Me IlJlO ~III 1I1111)\O)la.111 pamlll r;p"j )J(eIWKIIX, 2) TaRol, .. II 1:0" I', MIIJlojeHIIt.a, KO)I, sora je CHPX TOI a IIOICII:JaHO 218
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pa'lynao, CItOM H )l.a y CaHJ,laIUIMa: COJlYHCltOM,CepCCIWM, OUl'O.lL-

eaon.saacao» Cpoa n Byrapa ,HMa 918.883 ofia noaa, a ItO)I. r. Tenaona y TP" caauaaa.: COJlYHCItOM',0"l'OJbCItOM II clton.'hanCIWM 940.000 Byrapa ·ooa nOJIa H na nOCJIeTlty KO)l. r. Bepnonnha 848 220 Byrapa 'falto~e 06a noxa, Paaaje CMO KaSaJlH, sa 1I1T0 C.1JaBeHCItO CTaHOBHHlII'fBO Mahe)l.OHHje rperia palJYHaTH !:JJ. cpncao, a He 6yrapclto, Jf3YSHMajyhn onaj H,CH aeo, ROjH ce HaJla31{ sa p. Mecroa I\apa-cy .J[ IWjH ce I'paHnQH MCTOqHOM PPfeHHjOM. Tasso, na cenepo-acrouaaa )l.eJIOBHMa aasa: paasomse H nenpoKonCKC, Byrapa liMa 40.000, Typasa H 1I0MaKa, 10.300, Baaxa H I'pna )1.0 1900 H Ilnraaa )1.0 2000, a cnera 54.200 ofia noxa. Bpoj Byrapa na 6a.maHCltoM nOJIyocTpBy )l.OCTaBepHO O)l.peryeHje y PYCROM KaJIeH)l.apy CynopHHoBOM sa 18HO 1'0)1..(CT. 2711)n TO y 2,865.000, Me~y TUM, no CBe}lOJ,lOaMa CTaTHCTHlJlWr oupoa y 00<l>1IjH, caxo y Byrapcso] UMa Byrapa 3,121.284, HO 0)1. OSHX caxo 2,326.2[)O rOBoIHl oyrapCKI{ He sepyjyh« uyrapclulM CTaTHC,),UlJHHM cneaou6aMa renmo je O)l.PC)l.lfTlf opnj ];yrapa H y 'rp.umjH, ROjl1 y CBaROM cayuajy, HHjC 1'O.1HI\.O BeJlHItH, KaKO ra oapetJyjy Byrapn, sa )~OKa:Juera CJlyJKIf neaaaran opoj raxom"'(IX 6yrapcltliX III1WJla. O}lPC)l.IITH B(,PHO rpaaune 6yrapcsora JlJlCMCHa,soje ra )l.C.1C rpuuor, rorono je HCMoryhc OJ~ nOlUTO cy Y cen. )l.c.1J"YTpasnje, HMeHO Y jexpencso] jenapxaja, Hyrapu npJIo rroxeuranu C Tpunaa; rpHII npe· BJlaryyjy npexo PCIW Apxe, no cnoj jYiltHOj Tpauujn U
no CReMY npllMopjy. I~p1'y, MahC')l.OHltjlf, I\oja )(c.'III rplmy Ha.PO)l.HOCT 0)1. CJlaBCHCKC'y rano, }la ocram.njy ceou can

I'puu nponoxe

OIlTO.'bCIOf, CCpCCKIf " 1I.paMCItIl cannas, HC rOTlO pehll o COJlYHCIWM.

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I'psa

"Ma

HC Malhe

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