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Evidence Against the Supernatural
There are millions of people in the world who have claimed to experience a paranormal, or supernatural
event. These range from out of body experiences, claims of psychic powers, near death experiences, ghost
sightings, answered prayers, miraculous healings, etc.
I've stated many times throughout my writings that from my research, there is no evidence at all of anything
supernatural in this world, and I decided to write this piece to answer the most common objections about the
possibility of some supernatural realm. Many religious people claim that there is a supernatural realm, and
point to some of the above examples as "proof", yet as I will show, these "proofs" are fraudulent because of
these peoples' lack of knowledge about such events.
From my research over the years, from reading articles online, and reading scientific research about these
things, I have come to the conclusion that there is no such thing as a supernatural event. I will now present
this evidence, though I'd also like to restate something I've said before. No religious person can make a claim
that their god exists without invoking the supernatural. It's just not possible, and so I present this evidence not
only to debunk these individual claims of miraculous events, but also to debunk the idea of a god, because if it
can be shown that there is nothing supernatural in this world; nothing immaterial, then the evidence in favor
of a simply material world sky rockets, and their god has no where to hide. People must prove that this is an "It is the responsibility of intellectuals to
speak the truth and expose lies." Noam
immaterial world before their claims of god, and miracles can hold up. They have been unable to do this...at
Chomsky
least not yet.
► May 2008 (24)
First, I'll cover Sonya Fitzpatrick, who is the "psychic" for the show Pet Psychic and I found a good article
► April 2008 (13 )
called Stupid "Pet Psychic" Tricks, by Bryan Farha . Here is the article:
► March 2008 (20 )
► January 2008 (49)
If David Letterman wants to expand his "Stupid Pet Tricks" segment on the Late Show to include stupid pet
A COLLECTION OF SOME OF MY
psychic tricks, I believe we have a winner. Move over James Van Praagh and John Edward, there's a new FAVORITE POSTS
television show in town. The Animal Planet cable network has launched, "Pet Psychic," which is hosted by
The Tyranny of the State, Part 1 Taxes
England?born Sonya Fitzpatrick. During Sonya's introductory bio on each telecast, she claims to be able
The Tyranny of the State, Part 2 Prison
to "hear the thoughts" of all animals in her vicinity. On the show, Sonya "reads" the thoughts of a variety of
The Tyranny of the State, Part 3 War On
animals?asking questions to the pets, and claiming to get answers from the critters. She then communicates
Drugs
the answer to the pet owner, who feels comforted after the alleged telepathic communication. Sometimes
The Tyranny of the State, Part 4 Speed
questions are requested by animal owners, who are often interested in finding out reasons for peculiar pet
Limits
behaviors. And she's multi?talented, also crossing over to communicate with pets that have died.
The Abolishment of the State, Part 1
Further, Sonya also professes ability to function as a pet psychic detective. For example, there is a $4,000 The Abolishment of the State, Part 2
reward for information leading to the conviction of the person or persons who abused a cat named “TLC.” The Say NO to RedLight Cameras
abused cat “told ” Sonya that the guilty person was a thin male with dark hair who didn't like cats. One member The Genius of Charles Darwin, presented
of the veterinary staff who treated TLC said of Sonya's psychic detective work that the staff was “shocked ” at by Richard Dawkins
her accuracy and that “any kind of skepticism fades away. ” Excuse me, but this is where skepticism enters. Evidence Against the Supernatural
Let’s look at some “Stupid Pet Psychic Tricks ” used by Sonya Fitzpatrick to make her appear psychic. All are Evidence Against the Supernatural, Part
taken from a single program, which aired on July 1, 2002. 2
The Bible and Its False Prophesies
Prediction Based on Prior Knowledge Evolution Schmevolution: A Daily Show
Special Report
“Tony ” the Llama Way of the Master Reviews and Reviews
Sonya made a house call to a ranch outside her current residence of Houston for this alleged telepathic of Ray Comfort's Books
experience. She accurately pointed out that Tony had some behavioral issues. He ’s been a problem llama. A Review of the Book The Truth Behind
the New Atheism , by David Marshall
Confirmation from the owner made this seem very impressive.
The Delusion of David Aikman: A Review
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: Immediately before her psychic vision of behavioral problems, Tony jerked and
of The Delusion of Disbelief
flailed noticeably while being observed by Sonya and the owner. After watching this unruly behavior, just how
How Does One Define and Find Truth?
psychic is it to predict disciplinary problems in the llama? Before being told of their problem anyone could
Christian Anti Intellectualism???
have the same psychic vision of a child who misbehaved like this. Yet the owner seemed convinced. Much of
What is the Meaning of Life?
the television audience likely was as well.
Design in the Universe...There's No god
Behind It!
Percy & Bogie
It was never established which one was which, but referring to one of the dogs, this dialog took place between
Sonya and the pet ’s owner: PLAY THE GAME JESUS DRESS UP!
Sonya: When did he have some medication?
Click Here!
Owner: He’s had an ear infection.
Sonya: Yah?he [dog] says that was bad. He says he ’s had that on and off.
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: Notice Sonya only makes this last comment after already hearing the owner say the THE BASICS ABOUT ARIZONA
ATHEIST
dog had an ear infection. If Sonya can communicate with animals, why didn’t she just ask the dog initially what
the medication was for and report the answer to us before the owner did? But she asked a general question ARIZONA, UNITED STATES
“Bonnie” the Dom
This dog kept growling and snarling before Sonya said anything. Therefore, Sonya’s first comment on the dog ’s
behavior was, “she’s a talker.”
Welcome to Arizona Atheist
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: How hard is it to convince an owner of this given the free prior knowledge of snarling
and growling? Please, Sonya. A Little More About 'Arizona Atheist'
Making the Obvious Seem Telepathic
Get the Democracy Now! widget and
Two Cats many other great free widgets at
Sonya asked the owner if one of the cats crawls under things. The owner confirmed with amazement by saying Widgetbox !
they both go under the covers with her.
“Bonnie” Again
Sonya states, “she’s [Bonnie] asking me why is it that you [owner] don ’t want her on you sometimes? ”
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: The owner’s answer is the same that most of us would give ?because sometimes we’ve
got other things we need to do like cook, work on the computer, etc. Maybe this category should have been
labeled, “Duh.” Please, Sonya.
Crossing Over Willie
Willie was a Golden Retriever whom the owner arranged to have put to sleep by a veterinarian. Sonya had a NUMBER OF INNOCENT CIVILIANS
MURDERED IN IRAQ
vision?with owner confirmation??that Willie used to scratch behind his ears. Really? A dog scratch behind his
ears? Need I even comment on this one? Please, Sonya.
Miatok
Miatok (unsure of the spelling) was a living dog whose companion, Wendy, had died. Sonya said Miatok told
her that he really missed Wendy. Amazing? Who wouldn ’t miss their companion? Please, Sonya.
Making it Fit & Gullibility
“Joy ” Who Crossed Over
Joy is a cat who ran away without apparent cause and supposedly died. In an effort to find out why Joy ran COST OF THE IRAQ WAR
away, this dialog ensued:
NOTE TO VISITORS:
Sonya goes on to say that Joy ran away because they cleaned the carpet. But if Sonya can communicate with
dead animals, why didn ’t she just ask the departed cat the question and provide the answer before asking the I'd like to remind everyone that I
owner about changing the floor? More importantly, wasn ’t Sonya ’s question really implying that a different try to make this a visitor friendly
floor was installed? When people are asked if they’ve changed a floor, aren ’t they assuming a new floor was blog because in the past I've gone
installed? Yet the owner had no problem believing in Sonya ’s accuracy. People who already strongly believe to websites and a video the poster
are going to make it fit. had put up was no longer available
from the source website, or a
“Tony ” the Llama website that was referenced was no
Sonya reports that Tony wanted to know why he didn’t have a scarf around his neck like the one she [Sonya] longer there. I found that
frustrating because if I was
had on, and why he didn ’t have a hat. Why would a llama want a scarf or a hat? According to Sonya, Tony said
interested in what the author had
he wants to be an actor. Please, Sonya.
to say I wouldn't be able to fully
The following dialog (excerpt) took place at the ranch with Tony ’s owner, Bob:
understand what was being talked
about. So, with my blog I try my
Sonya: Have you been planning to go somewhere?in your thoughts?
best to save all referenced websites
Bob: Yes [horse show trip].
with a screenshot, or at least copy
Sonya: He [llama] says you ’re thinking of going somewhere [and doesn ’t want him to].
the information directly into my
post. I also try to keep backups of
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: A “nolose ” situation for Sonya if Bob answers the question “no,” Sonya doesn ’t get all videos I post. So, if anyone ever
counted for a miss because she can claim it was only a question rather than a prediction or a comment from finds that a video isn't working, or
the llama. If Bob answers “yes, ” only then does Sonya say it was a concern of the llama. It ’s also “no lose ” a website I linked to is no longer
because what constitutes “going somewhere? ” Rather, what doesn ’t constitute going somewhere? If Bob didn’t there, please contact me and I'll
have a horse show trip planned, wouldn't a grocery store trip constitute “going somewhere? ” The use of see if I saved it, and I can send you
sufficiently open ended criteria means that Sonya cannot be incorrect in that exchange? She couldn ’t. During the information.
the owner ’s reflection on her reading, Bob said, “I was truly surprised to find out he [llama] really wanted to be
a movie star. ” So the owner feels confirmation even though there ’s no way to verify that Tony expressed desire I'd also appreciate it if anyone who
to be an actor. Gullibility. is browsing the site finds a link, or
video, that isn't working to please
Willie the Dog tell me about it even if you're not
This is the same Golden Retriever from before that crossed over. Felicia, the owner, emotionally told Sonya interested in getting the
information. That's just so I can go
she’s been considering adopting another dog. Sonya immediately said, “he wants you to. He says `do it'. ”
fix it, and repost the information
for future visitors.
Stupid Pet Psychic Trick: Not even a second elapsed between the owner communicating her consideration of
buying another dog and Sonya ’s reply. Sonya didn ’t even pause (as she had on every other occasion)
Thanks.
to “telepathically ” communicate the question or thought to the pet, then allow time to get the animal ’s
response. Busted, Sonya.
Comforting Themes
Recall the old rule of fortune telling: “tell `em what they want to hear. ” Pet owners want to hear things that will
make them feel good about their animals. It ’s especially important for grieving owners to feel comfort when
the pet has “crossed over. ” Sonya made the following comments during this single July 1, 2002 show about
various pets that had died and were “telepathically ” communicating their thoughts to her:
Concluding Remarks
Sonya has not provided substantial evidence that she has psychic ability. But I would like to challenge Sonya
to air an episode of Pet Psychic live, rather than taped for the purpose of viewers seeing a more realistic
proportion of perceived “hits and misses.” I’d also like to invite her to take the Million Dollar Psychic
Challenge from the James Randi Educational Foundation. If she's not the type to seek money, she can donate
the earnings to her favorite animal charity. Television is about money, too and surely this type of
programming sells. It just doesn ’t seem like it belongs on the Animal Planet?an otherwise damn good network.
If Sonya won ’t contact James Randi, maybe she ’ll contact David Letterman.
Get this widget!
Fitzpatrick, Sonya. 2002. The Pet Psychic. Animal Planet, July 1.
I also saw a Pen & Teller's Bullshit show on Showtime about these psychics, specifically John Edward and
James Van Praagh, among a few other lesser known frauds (I mean psychics), and they exposed a few tricks of
these so called psychics, so I will rely on the show to give you the tricks of the trade.
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used in waiting rooms where guests are located, if they happen to be talking with people while waiting. World Future Society
In fact, on Bullshit they showed one of John Edward's information packets which has information for audience
MOJOEY'S ATHEIST BLOGROLL
members. It says that you should "bring a copy of your family tree to the show, just in case" because John
Edwards "does not know your friends and relatives".
I find it odd that, the paper also says that an audience member can be helpful by giving
"feedback" by giving a "nod of the head" or a "yes or no answer".
Now, if John Edward was really psychic, why in the world would he need you to confirm what he is saying???
Wouldn't he already know??? Some might claim that these "psychics" simply want a confirmation that they're
correct for the people around them. Alright, then why so many "misses" when they're "fishing" for information?
Again, wouldn't they just know the correct answer without having to throw out so many guesses? Also, why
would these "psychics" even need to ask what each person is here for? Wouldn't they just know?!
The thing is, many people who go to these shows subconsciously want to be fooled. They want to be able to
contact their loved ones, and so when the "psychic" is throwing out all these incorrect guesses (as in a cold
reading), the person will usually only remember the correct guesses, and not the wrong ones. This same
phenomenon is also seen with supposed answered prayer. They only remember when their prayers were
supposedly answered, and not when they weren't. I will cover this topic later.
They claim that Van Praagh came out to greet the audience before the taping of the show started, and talked
with the audience, gathering information beforehand. Then, according to the Center for Inquiry Van Praagh
used some of the information he got from the audience for the taping of his show.
One of the members for "the Center" says that Van Praagh was "very poor at doing his readings" and that when
the edited footage of the show aired on TV they only showed all of his hits, and none of the large amounts of
misses by Van Praagh.
One might wonder why you don't hear about any of these misses. The reason is because of the contracts which
audience members have to sign. Van Praagh's contract states that, "Neither anyone acting on my behalf, nor
I...shall speak to any...media representative or source about any aspect of my participation in the series..."
Why are they being so secretive? Do they have something to hide? I'd say yes, they do.
Bullshit went to see one of John Edward's shows and was unable to enter because of the cameras, so they asked
audience members afterwards what they thought of the show.
The few people they depicted said how Edward's statements could apply to a large number of people, and
that "anybody could do it" when it comes to this scam. Of course, I don't doubt that Bullshit interviewed some
diehard believers as well, though they didn't put that in their final cut.
On the show, they even had a former "psychic" who used to con people with this skill, but started feeling guilty
about manipulating people, and quit. He helped Bullshit uncover the tricks of these so called psychics.
That's enough with the idea of psychic phenomenon; I think I gave enough evidence to handily debunk
those "supernatural" claims.
Next, I will address the supposed "power of prayer".
Religious types love to boast about the power of prayer. They claim that their god heals them, and heals
others, and that there is evidence in their own lives for such evidence that prayer actually works. Well, sorry
to say that with probably every claim of "answered prayer" there were ten times more unanswered prayers, it's
just that the religious types don't count those, and dismiss them. There are even some who say that god always
answers prayer, it's just that sometimes he says no, and other times, he says 'wait a minute'.
This is simply a psychological ploy because, in reality, you can pray to anything and get the same results! Let's
say, for example, that you pray to your dog and your dog gives you either a yes, no or wait, answer. Now, does
anyone really think that a dog has any special powers? Of course not! You can pray to anything and get the
same results if you say the answers can be yes, no, or wait because either something you wish will happen, or it
won't, or it might later down the road.
Also, I don't see how a "no" answer from god could possibly count as "answered prayer". This is simply a
rationalization for the fact that their prayers were not being answered. Nothing even happened. It's not like
god yelled "No!" to you. Nothing happened! Therefore, your prayer didn't work. Period.
There have also been several studies on the effects of prayer and there are mixed results, however these can be
explained simply by the placebo effect. Many of the studies I read about where prayer seemed to do something
didn't mention if the patients knew about them being prayed for, which would change the results. The placebo
effect could be the cause, if the person was aware that they were being prayed for.
But, I will cite three different studies, where they did a proper control group in each study.
Some might claim that prayer did indeed help when the person praying was in the same room as the patient.
Well, this is simply a case of the placebo effect. This effect can sometimes be very powerful. Studies have
shown that placebos ("sugar pills" for example), in about 35 percent of cases, can provide benefits to people
who are in pain (Source: Don't Believe Everything You Think: The 6 Basic Mistakes We Make in Thinking, by
Thomas Kida, page 59).
Another reason I think it's the placebo effect at work here is because according to theology god is Omnipresent
(always present everywhere). If god is supposedly everywhere at all times and god is supposed to be the
reason for answered prayer, then prayer should work no matter where an individual is located but from these
studies this is not the case at all. Because prayer doesn't ever work when the person doing the praying is in a
different location than the person being prayed for, I would logically conclude that prayer does not work, and
it is only in the person's head thus the placebo effect.
The experiment, took a total of 1,802 patients from six different hospitals. Prayers were delivered from three
churches, one located in Minnesota, one in Massachusetts, and the other in Missouri. All the patients had
received coronary bypass surgery, and were divided into three groups: Group 1 received prayers and didn't
know it. Group 2 (the control group) received no prayers and didn't know it. Group 3 received prayers and did
know it. The comparison between groups 1 and 2 tests for the efficacy of intercessory prayer, while group 3
tests for possible psychosomatic effects of knowing that one is being prayed for.
The praying individuals were only given the first name and the first letter of the last name of each patient for
whom they were to pray for. They were all just told to say during their prayers to pray for a 'successful surgery
with a quick, healthy recovery and no complications.'
The results were clear cut. There was no difference between those patients who were prayed for and those who
were not. There was a difference, however, in the third group, who knew they were being prayed for. They
suffered significantly more complications then the other groups. The experimenters explained it as being a
result from the stress, or 'performance anxiety,' from having the knowledge that they were being prayed for
(Source: The god Delusion, by Richard Dawkins, page 63).
Next I will tackle the claims of out of body experiences, near death experiences.
These two claims are related, as they happen most often when someone is badly injured and the surgeons work
to bring the subject back to life. When they awake they claim to have seen their bodies from above, as their
soul, or spirit, rose above themselves and looked down at their body and all that was going on.
I don't doubt that these people are telling the truth about their experiences, but what they experienced, I
argue, was not anything supernatural at all. In fact, it's been shown that stimulation of the brain by electric
current and electromagnetic fields, effect the brain and the person's perception of reality.
Here is a magazine article from Nature:
Electrodes trigger out ofbody experience: Stimulating brain region elicits illusion often
attributed to the paranormal.
19, September 2002 By, HELEN PEARSON
Activity in one region of the brain could explain out ofbody experiences. Researchers in Switzerland have
triggered the phenomenon using electrodes.
People describe out ofbody experiences as feeling that their consciousness becomes detached from their
body, often floating above it. Because these lucid states are popularly linked to the paranormal, "a lot of people
are reluctant to talk about them", says neurologist Olaf Blanke of Geneva University Hospital in Switzerland.
The right angular gyrus integrates visual information — the sight of your body — and information that creates
the mind's representation of your body. This is based on balance and feedback from your limbs about their
position in space.
"It makes perfect sense," agrees Peter Brugger of University Hospital, Zurich, in Switzerland, who studies the
phenomenon. "We have representations of our entire body that can be dissociated from our real body," he
says. But this is an isolated case, he points out.
With gentle stimulation, the woman, who could speak during the operation, felt she was falling or growing
lighter. As the intensity increased she told them: "I see myself lying in bed, from above."
When asked to look at her raised arm, she thought it was coming to punch her. This observation suggests
that 'alien hand syndrome' — when people feel that a limb is foreign — or 'phantom' limbs that people can feel
after amputations could be related to out ofbody experiences, says Blanke.
Weird science
Outofbody experiences are incredibly common, says clinical neurologist John Marshall of the Radcliffe
Infirmary in Oxford, UK. Some are part of near death experiences.
Some believe that the events have religious or spiritual causes, or that a person really leaves their physical
body behind. They may, for example, interpret them as evidence that the physical and spiritual body can
separate again after death.
The new experiments cannot disprove such ideas, says Marshall: "It doesn't show that people with paranormal
beliefs are wrong" it simply demonstrates one way that the experience can be stimulated. Nevertheless, "I
think it would give great comfort to patients" who, he says, frequently question their own sanity.
Thrillseekers will be hard pushed to artificially create their own outofbody experiences, adds Brugger. "You
can't stimulate that precisely without opening up the skull," he says.
References:
The Bullshit team went to a place where they do centrifuge testing, and about 18% of those who were whipped
around by the big machine at nine G's experienced what many people call a near death experience, but they
were not anywhere close to death. As they were being flung around, they just passed out because blood
drained from their heads. One man interviewed claims to have had twenty to thirty near death experiences
while being put in the centrifuge test. The things these people experienced were the same things that people
who were near death report. Watching yourself from high above, seeing people you know, seeing a bright light,
etc.
It's not really clear why these things happen, but many people say it's because when your body and brain
become traumatized because of serious injury and impending death, or some other traumatic experience (like
being flung around at nine G's) your brain takes you on a bit of a mind trip. Instead of putting you through the
agony of whatever you're experiencing, your brain puts on a little show for you, to make things easier, much
like a dream.
Sources: http://home.comcast.net/~neardeath/nde/001_pages/31.html, and an episode of Pen and Teller's
BULLSHIT. Season One, titled Ouija Boards / Near Death Experiences, and aired on April 11, 2003
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bullshit%21_episodes
What these experiences show is that there is nothing supernatural going on. You'd think that if something truly
supernatural was going on, we would not be able to recreate these experiences by simply stimulating the
brain. If near death experiences are real, why is it that people who were completely healthy, and who were
nowhere near death, experienced such things?
It's clear that these experiences are happening at the level of the brain; the material brain, and thus no
evidence for the supernatural in regards to out of body experiences or near death experiences.
Through the study of the body, science has discovered that there is no soul, just a pure biological machine
(though one that often goes very wrong!) and no magic, mystical "stuff" makes up any part of it. It's been shown
that the brain is simply a biological computer, and that all senses and emotions happen at the level of the
brain. There is nothing magical about how our brain works and is fairly well understood.
I will tackle one more common experience. One which I used to believe in very much, when I was younger.
Though, anymore, I don't believe in ghosts. In fact, I've discovered some research that points to
electromagnetic fields as being a very possible cause of ghost sightings.
A PDF document I have called "An investigation into alleged 'hauntings'", by Richard Wiseman, Caroline Watt,
Paul Stevens, Emma Greening, and Ciaran O'Keeffe, and was published in the British Journal of Psychology,
detail the findings.
Within the document they report on a experiment which took place at two supposedly haunted locations. One
was at Hampton Court Palace in Britain and the other was done in part of the South Bridge Vaults in Edinburgh,
Scotland.
According to the document (page 2) it says how media reports about hauntings can influence peoples' beliefs
in the paranormal. I think this is correct because if a large amount of people claim to be experiencing
something, it's like a form of suggestion, and someone will more likely think they are experiencing some odd
phenomenon.
On page four of the document, it states that, "a relatively large amount of research has suggested a strong
relationship between alleged hauntings and magnetic fields...", within the range of 0 to 3 kHz.
Finally, on page nine of the PDF, it says, "[T]he variance of the local magnetic field was significantly greater
in 'haunted' than 'control' areas, and there was a significant relationship between the magnetic variance and the
mean number of unusual experiences reported by groups of participants. These results seem consistent with
previous research suggesting a relationship between local magnetic field activity and haunt reports."
While I'm at this debunking of supernatural events, I think I'll briefly talk about one more set of phenomenon:
Electronic Voice Phenomenon.
After watching a movie which featured this kind of supernatural claim, I did some research online and found
several clips of these so called voices from the grave through some electronic devices, like a radio or TV.
After listening to these recordings I laughed this phenomenon off as nothing more than peoples' imaginations.
After all, you have to first prove the existence of life after death, and second, these examples were mumbled
and garbled sounds, which sometimes did sound like a voice, but I'm not sure where the recordings were
taken, so they were probably from some TV or radio which picked up a very weak radio signal and it came
through on whatever device the examples were taken from.
On many of the recordings I couldn't make out anything that was claimed to be said, and I think it was just
peoples' overactive imagination which made them hear a human voice.
So, in a nut shell, I think this is yet another example of human personification of natural objects. Human beings
naturally seek out other human like shapes in dark rooms, which so many kids mistake for a ghost or
monster, when it's really nothing more then a coat hanger with a coat on it. The same for the human voice. This
is what I suspect is happening. These people trick themselves into hearing a human voice amongst all the static
on a TV set and other devices.
Either that, or people really do hear a voice, but I think it's due to the fact that we have so many cell phones,
CB radios, radios, TV signals, etc. floating through the air and I think these electronic devices pick up many of
these signals which are constantly flying around us, and people mistake them for some ghostly presence.
I won't list any examples of EVP (Electronic Voice Phenomenon) because you can easily find samples of it on
the internet. I suggest you go do some research on your own and see what you think.
I think that's all for my debunking of many supernatural claims. I hope I presented enough evidence for you to
see that there really is no such thing as a paranormal event, and I think more scientific research will do well to
uncover some of the mysteries of the brain, and how the rest of this materialistic world works.
I know that so many people will still claim that there is in fact some supernatural realm, but once again, the
burden of proof is on the ones who make the claim that there is a supernatural realm, because to date, there
hasn't been any solid evidence of such a thing.
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