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Air Conditioning
Air conditioning may be precisely defined
as the science dealing with the simultaneous
control of temperature, humidity, cleanliness
and the distribution of air in enclosed space.
The optimum atmospheric conditions for the
best results of textile processing greatly vary
in air conditioning requirements from one
shed to another depending on the nature of
process..
High humidity levels in weaving are well-known,
whereas for spinning rooms the requisite humidity
is comparatively low
Air Conditioning
The constancy of enclosed space
atmosphere greatly helps the physical
properties of materials such as strength,
flexibility, elasticity, dimensional stability,
cohesiveness. The basic idea of
recommending a range of relative humidity
and temperature is mainly to achieve the
best possible results in regard to properties
and process of fibers and blends.
Air Conditioning
The controlled temperature and humidity in
the shed minimizes the creeping loss of
adjustment of hygroscopic parts e.g. shuttle
boxes, leather strap, belts etc.
The speed and precision of metallic part,
too, is effected by temperature variation.
Load Estimation
The proper estimation of load and hence the
selection of the plant to deal with the load is
a specialized job of the air conditioning
engineer and the method of calculations
used is the same as for any other industry.
Depending upon the season requirement we
need to add or subtract heat from the interior
of the factory.
Factors for Load Estimation
The type of construction does effect the
design calculations.
Generally solidly brick buildings store the
humidity and heat in the walls to balance out
any fluctuations compared with the outside
atmosphere.
The heat generated by running of machinery,
lighting, processes and also the workmen
should also be taken into consideration.
Factors for Load Estimation
Well and badly fitted doors and the area
occupied by windows is also kept in view.
With the modern mills the windows are not
present in the manufacturing area and so this
loss is not accounted for. All these factors
must be considered while estimating.
Air Cleaning
A proper filtering medium forms an important
part of the air conditioning systems. Open
atmospheric air contains a surprising amount of
dust and grit. In the industrial areas the amount
of dust is increased with appreciable amounts of
smoke, fog and other materials. In case of textile
industry the trouble is further aggravated by lint
and fly. The action of air washer alone cannot be
relied upon for air purity and it must be assisted
by some suitable air filters.
Types Of Conditioner Filters
The different types of filters include
1. Standard ( 10 % Efficiency)
2. Pleated ( 30-40 % Efficiency)
3. Electrostatic. ( 90 % Efficiency)
4. HEPA ( 99.97 % Efficiency)
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Air conditioning is the process whereby the
condition of air, as defined by its
temperature and moisture content, is
changed. Note that in practice other factors
must also be taken into account especially
cleanliness; odour; velocity & distribution
pattern.
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Human Comfort:
Inevitably 'comfort' is a very subjective
matter. The Engineer aims to ensure 'comfort'
for most people found. Most people (90%)
are comfortable when the air temperature is
between 18-22°C and the %sat is between
40-65%. This zone can be shown on the
psychrometric chart., and is known as the
comfort zone.
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Outside air is quite likely to be at a different
condition from the required comfort zone
condition. In order to bring its condition to within
the comfort zone we may need to do one or more
of the following :-
1. heat it
2. cool it
3. dehumidify it
4. humidify it
5. mix it.
Principle Of Air Conditioning
In order to use the psychrometric chart for
air-conditioning work we need to find & use
dry air mass flows. However, in practice air-
flows are frequently measured in terms of
volume flow. In order to find dry air mass
flow we need to use the specific volume of
the air.
Principle Of Air Conditioning
Heating
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