MARUTI

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON
“The study of consumer buying behavior towards small &

medium car segment with special reference to Maruti
Suzuki India Ltd.”
Submitted in partial fulfillment for the

Award of degree of
Master of Business Administration
Submitted By:- Submitte

HARSH JAIN d To:
MBA SEM IV
Mr.Abhayjeet Singh
2007-09
Poornima School of Management
ISI-2 RIICO Institutional Area, Sitapura, Jaipur
1
DECLARATION
I hereby, declare that the project entitled “Study of

consumer buying behavior towards small & medium
car segmen with special reference to Maruti Suzuki
India ltd.” is my work carried out under the guidance
of my faculty guide Mr. Abhayjeet Singh (Asst. Dean, DMS-
PGC) & Miss Karishma (Faculty,DMS-PGC).
I Harsh jain further declare that all facts and figures

furnished in this project report are the outcome of my
own intensive research and findings.
HARSH JAIN
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As Per the curriculum of 4th semester of MBA, we have

to undergone through a detailed project study. I wish
to express my gratitude to Rajasthan Technical
University for giving me an opportunity to be a part
of such kind of learning experience, which will surely
enhance my knowledge and skills.
I am grateful to Mr. Abhayjeet Singh (Asst. Dean, DMS-

PGC) & Miss Karishma (Faculty,DMS-PGC) for their
invaluable guidance and cooperation during the
course of the project. They provided me with their
assistance and support whenever needed that has
been instrumental in completion of this project.
The project has been a great experience, the learning

and the exposure I got through this project was
immense and will surely help me in my future
pursuits.
The project wouldn’t have been a success without the

support of Shri R.K. Agarwal (Advisor-PGC) who was
always there to help with their advices and constant
backing.
3
I would like to show my gratitude towards the
management and staff for taking time to help me and
for their suggestion and comment, which helped me a
lot throughout the project.
HARSH JAIN
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.Introduction to the industry

2.Introduction to the organization
3.Research Methodology
3.1 Title of the study
3.2 Duration of the study
3.3 Objective of the study
3.4 Type of research
3.5 Sample size &method of
selecting sample
3.6 Scope of study
3.7 Limitation of study
4
4.Theoretical framework
5.Interpretation & analysis
6.Facts & findings
7.SWOT
8.Conclusion
9.Recommendation
10 Appendix
11 Bibliography
The study of consumer buying behavior

towards small & medium car segment with
special reference to Maruti Suzuki India ltd
5
Executive summery
Title
The Study of Consumer buying behavior towards small & medium car
segment with special reference to Maruti Suzuki India ltd.
Issue
Consumer behaviour is ‘the mental and emotional processes and the
observable behaviour of consumers during searching purchasing and
post consumption of a product and service. People buy different
products from different brands to satisfy their needs. Consumer
6
purchases are influenced strongly by cultural, social, personal and
psychological characteristic. Although marketers cannot control such
factors, they must give attention to them. Boston Analytics, a
customized knowledge services company, has announced the
release of its “Automotive Industry in India” report as a part of the
series of monthly reports that analyze consumer observations and
sentiments regarding a automotive sector. According to this report
consumer think about the following aspect while making decision of
purchase a car:
CAR PURCHASING PREFERENCES
Primary factors of preference

• Price and fuel efficiency are the primary features that
consumers expect today.
• There will be an increase in the importance of fuel efficiency in
approximately three to five years from now for consumers.
• Sales service, brand image/prestige, and resale value are
secondary factors of choice today and will remain so for the
coming three to five years.
• Environmental issues have yet to take root in India and do not
show signs of becoming a major factor for coming three to five
years.
Car size
• Affluence and aspiration are growing in parallel—The Indian
consumer prefers a mid-size car.
• Our survey reveals that approximately one in two Indian
consumers prefer a roomy mid-size family car.
7
Indian versus foreign brand
• There is evidence of “buy-Indian” mindset across the metros
• Approximately three in four respondents prefer an Indian
brand over a foreign one recently launched versus established
model
• Indian consumers are divided in their preference for recently
launched versus established models of cars.
• According to the results of the survey, 58% of respondents
nationwide prefer a recently launched model by a slight
plurality.
Color preference
• The color pie in the Indian car market shows that White is the
most preferred color, closely followed by Black and Silver
• Approximately 29% of respondents preferred White, followed
by 27% and 21% of respondents opting for Black and
Silver/Grey respectively
Thus the main issue in this project is to analyzing consumer buying

pattern while they make decision regarding purchase of car
especially in small car segment.
PROBLEM
Thus problem of this project report is studying the consumer buying

pattern regarding small & medium car segment with special reference
to Maruti Suzuki India ltd and study about the consumer perception
and attitude toward the same.
8
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The basic objective of the project during the research and study will
be focused on the following parameters:
• To know consume preference regarding small cars
• To know what features and services attract the customers
• Effect of brand image in buying behavior
• Impact of advertisement in buying behavior
• Impact of celebrity endorsement in buying behavior
• Effect of family &friends in buying behavior (Focus group)
RESEARCH is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent

information on a specific topic. It is also said to be the pursuit of truth
with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY is a way to systematically solve the

research problem.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research Design is the overall description of all the steps though
which the projects have preceded from the setting of objectives to the
writing of the project report. The success of the project depends on
the soundness of the research design, which includes problem
definition, specific method of data collection and analysis and time
required for the project.
The research that is undertaken is “Descriptive & exploratory” in
nature. The research is to find out the customers’ preference and
attitude towards decision making of selecting appropriate small &
medium car which suits to their need.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD
9
Two methods of collecting data used for this research are as follows:
-
PRIMARY DATA –
• Data is collected primarily through personal contact, meeting,
interview and questionnaire with the concerned authority of the
organization and investors’.
SECONDARY DATA –
• Data are collected through secondary modes such as various
published data, reports, related books and websites.
SAMPLE SIZE
The procedure adopted to select the sample was simple random
sampling. The sample consists of 50 respondents’ and was restricted
to people residing in Jaipur.
10
1.
Introduction
to the
Industry
11
(Automobile
Industry)
Indian Automobile Industry-An Overview
The automobile industry is one of the core industries in India

economy, whose prospect is reflective of the economic resilience of
the economy. Indian automobile industry has come a long way to
from the era of the Ambassador car to Maruti 800 to latest M&M Xylo.
An industry is highly competitive with a number of global and Indian
companies present today. It is growing at a pace of around 18% per
annum for the last five years and is projected to be the third largest
auto industry by 2030 and just behind to US & China, according to a
report. The industry is estimated to be a US$ 34 billion industry. With
the liberalization of the economy, India has become the playground of
major global automobile majors.
Indian Automobile industry can be divided into three segments i.e.

two wheeler, three wheeler & four wheeler segment. Two wheeler
segments enjoys 75% market share of automobile industry, followed
by passenger vehicles with the 16% share of market. Three wheeler
segments have merely 4% share in domestic market. The domestic
two-wheeler market is dominated by Indian as well as foreign players
12
such as Hero Honda, Bajaj Auto, Honda Motors, TVS Motors, and
Suzuki etc. Maruti Udyog and Tata Motors are the leading passenger
car manufacturers in the country. And India is considered as strategic
market by Suzuki, Yamaha, etc.
The major players have not left any stone unturned to be global.
Major of the players have got into the merger activities with their
foreign counterparts. Like Maruti with Suzuki, Hero with Honda, Tata
with Fiat and latest Mahindra with Renault.
In two-wheeler segment, motorcycles have the major share, Hero

Honda, the leading bike manufacturer has more than 50% share in
two-wheeler segment, followed by Bajaj Auto. In passenger car
segment, Maruti Suzuki contributes the 52% market share, with
complete monopoly over the small car segments. M&M enjoy the
42% market share in Multi Utility Vehicle in domestic market.
Current Scenario
• The Indian automobile industry crossed a landmark with total

vehicle production of 10 million units.
• The two-wheeler market grew by 13.6 per cent with 70, 56,317
units against 62, 09,765 units in 2004-05.
• Commercial vehicles segment grew at 10.1 per cent with 3,
50,683 units against 3, 18,430 units in 2004-05.
India, in auto sector, is turning to be a sourcing base for the global

auto majors. The passenger car and the motorcycle segment is set to
grow by 8-9 per cent in coming couple of years, says the ICRA
report. The industry is likely to maintain the growth momentum picked
up in 2002-03.
13
The ICRA's analysis points on the auto sector that the passenger car
market in the country was inching towards cars with higher
displacements. The sports-utility-vehicle (SUV) that was getting
crowded every day, would witness intense competition as many
SUVs had been competitively priced, the report said.
Honda, Suzuki, General Motors and Hyundai, the global automakers

had already launched their premium SUVs in the market to broaden
their portfolio and create product excitement in the segment
estimated at about 10,000 units annually.
The commercial vehicles are likely to grow at a CAGR of 5.2 per

cent. Heavy commercial vehicles market would rise at 5.5 per cent
and sales of light buses and trucks would achieve 4.7 per cent
growth. For the tractors, the report predicts a growth at 4.6 per cent.
Indian Auto Market Growth for the year 2005-06
• The domestic automobile industry sales grew 12.8 per cent at

89, 10,224 units as against 78, 97,629 units in 2004-05.
• The automotive industry crossed a landmark with total vehicle
production of 10 million units.
• According to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers
(SIAM), car sales was 8, 82,094 units against 8, 20,179 units
in 2004-05.
• The growth of domestic passenger car market was 7.5 per
cent
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• Car exports stood at 1, 70,193 units against 1, 60,670 units in
2004-05.
• The two-wheeler segment, the market grew by 13.6 per cent
with 70, 56,317 units against 62, 09,765 units in 2004-05.
• Motorcycles had the upward march, 17.1 per cent in domestic
market touching 58, 15,417 units against 49, 64,753 units in
2004-05.
• Scooter segment grew by 1.5 per cent, fall at 9, 08,159 units
against 9, 22,428 units in 2004-05.
• Commercial vehicles segment grew at 10.1 per cent with 3,
• Medium and heavy commercial vehicles managed a growth of
4.5 per cent against 23 per cent growth in the year ended
March 31, 2005.
• Light commercial vehicles sales growth was 19.4 per cent at 1,
• Three-wheelers sales rose by 17 per cent at 3, 60,187 units
against 3, 07,862 units in 2004-05.
In this competitive scenario consumer has number of choices for

selecting motorbikes as well as cars thus there are number of
choices and brands available to the customer. The basic issue with
this project is to study about the consumer preference toward
selecting/purchasing small & middle segment or economic car among
the available alternatives.
Auto industry in 2008
All the major auto companies enjoyed the high growth ride till the mid
2008. But at the end of the year, industry had to face the hard truth
and witnessed the fall in sales compared to last year. In December
15
2008, overall production fell by 22 % over the same month last year.
Global recession has hit the Indian auto industry, India is strong and
growing industry but the impact of recession is evident now on
industry as sales & growth of automobile companies have declined.
Passenger Vehicles segment registered negative growth. One of its
supporting facts is that the sales in December 2008 for passenger
vehicles fell by 13.86% over December 2007. Maruti- the leading car
manufacturer, registered 10% fall in sells (56293 units), as compared
to December’07 (62,515 units). But interestingly, Hyundai motors, the
second largest car maker of country, registered a growth in sells, with
the help of export; Hyundai Motors reported 19% growth.
Two Wheelers registered minor growth of 1.85 % during April –
December 2008. However, Two Wheelers sales recorded 15.43
percent fall in December 2008 over the same month last year. In two
wheeler segment, Hero Honda has witnessed 10% fall (215,931 units
in Dec 2008) in sales as compared to December 2007 (240,532
units). Bajaj Automobile has registered 33% fall in its over all two
wheeler sells, compared to last year. The company has reported 37%
negative growth in bike sells.
Although the year 2008 saw a record launches of new products of
various categories. Maruti launched A Star, its new small segment
car. Honda Motors launched the new version of Honda city, its best
selling sedan, also Civic Hybrid. Hyundai motor was not also far
behind, in the end of the year, Hyundai launched its much awaited
sedan i20.
In Bikes segments, this year was full of happening. Yamaha
introduced its two new hi-end models YZF & R15. Suzuki Motorcycle
India also launched its legendary bike Hayausa & Intruder in Indian
market.
16
Road ahead- 2009
The Indian automobile market is expected to grow by 9%. Although

the industry has faced the brunt of recession, the sales figures of
December’08 are the true indicator of bang of global slow down. India
with growing middle class, strong economy (although recession has
hit the economy, but to be on positive side, will come over soon) and
with trained workforce has a strong future of automobile industry. All
the big foreign players are eyeing on Indian market.
• ·Japanese company Nissan Motors has identified India as its
global manufacturing hub
• Hyundai has invested huge money in India and has positioned
it as small car manufacturing
hub in the word
• ·General Motors, Mercedes –Benz, Skoda Auto, all have big
plans for India and will invest huge funds
It is sacrilege to say that the world economy has been undergoing

with the huge crisis. And automobile industry is not far behind in
league. Undoubtedly, the coming time would be a challenge for the
automobile industry. Bike manufacturers have already started facing
the problems, loan & finance for new bike is not available easily in
semi urban & rural market. Banks and other financial institutions have
baked out from finance.
In spite of all these, this year will see a positive growth with some
new launches of cars & bikes. We should not forget the launch of
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much awaited Tata Nano which will soon be seen on Indian roads.
Bajaj Auto is planning to roll out 6 new bikes in the year 2009. Hero
Honda, Suzuki Motorcycle, Yamaha India, all is set to knock the
Indian market with their new products.
I believe that Indian automobile industry is bit immune in comparison
to its competitors. Global big three, GM, Ford & Chrysler are not in
good state of health, US Govt. has released a bailout, Considering all
these facts & current situations, we can conclude the following :-
• Indian automobile industry may face the liquidity crunch in the
upcoming months. Few projects have already been on halt.
For example, Honda Motors has stopped work on its upcoming
project in Rajasthan
• Sells may drop in the upcoming months as the finance for the
new products are easily not available. Motorcycle
manufactures will face the brunt of financial institutions
unwillingness of providing loans to the smaller cities.
• The Government of India should make the norms and policies
bit lenient like making the loan process easier & affordable,
asking the public sector banks to cut the interest rates, etc.
Global Recession Hits Indian Auto Industry

Global recession has devastated the global auto industry with
pinching effects on the Indian auto industry. India is a strong and
growing economy but the hit of recession has put red marks on the
entire balance sheet of the Indian economy.
Among the leading car manufacturers, General Motors and Ford
were the first one to file for bankruptcy. GM is struggling to stay alive
and claims that the company has just enough cash to continue its
operations. Even the merger talks of GM and Chrysler have been
officially brought to a halt because of the liquidity crunch.
18
U.S sales have fallen down by 32% which has directly affected the
Indian car industry where GM has recorded a fall of 45%, Ford of
30% and Chrysler down by 35%. All the three major car
manufacturers have reported declined growth after the hit of
recession.
After the industry experienced a heavy fall in the month of August
due to inflation, September proved to be a promising month with
things setting out at the right place. Then again the market went in
the negative terrain swayed by the wind of recession.
October usually is considered to be the best month for car sales
because of the festive season. Unfortunately, this year it proved to be
a curse for the Indian auto industry. At one end of the spectrum, car
manufacturers like Tata Motors, GM, Hyundai, Ford, Renault,
Mahindra, and Maruti Suzuki are investing huge amounts to establish
new production plants and line up launch of car models. At the other
end of the spectrum, SIAM has cut down the growth forecast of
automotive sales from 12.5% to 9.5%.
This initiative taken by SIAM further forced few car manufacturers like
Tata Motors and Maruti Suzuki to cut down their production which
further took away the job of almost 300 workers. Even Mahindra-
Renault reduced the number of production units of their Logan.
In addition, the severe liquidity crunch in the U.S market has also
forced many of the car buyers to cut upgrades to bigger cars and
many are pushed back from buying new cars. With deteriorating car
sales, even production has gone down to a great extent, which has
eventually put a negative impact on the auto component industry.
In October, overall car sales declined to about 9.05% over October
2007 and the car production fell down to about 12.32%. Further to
that even the month of November was not successful in bringing
some charm to the industry. Infact, November recorded the steepest
fall in car sales in the past five years.
19
Maruti Suzuki recorded a fall of 27%, Mahindra & Mahindra recorded
a fall of about 40%, and Tata Motors showed 12% decline in the car
sales.
It is also said that the recent Mumbai terror attack and the cyclonic
rain in South India have added
to the woes of Indian car
manufacturers.
India is one of the most
promising car industries across
the globe. It has gradually
strengthened its foothold in the
international arena as well. The
country is dealing with many car
manufacturers, dealers, and
associations in various different countries including U.S. From some
countries, India imports cars and car components and to some India
exports. With this, the global recession is obvious to have its impact
on the Indian car industry.
20
2.
Introduction
to the
Organization
21
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Established in December 1983, Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. has ushered

a revolution in the Indian car industry. This car is meant for an
average Indian individual which is affordable as well as has elegant
appeal. Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. is the result of collaboration of Maruti
with Suzuki of Japan. At this time, the Indian car market had
stagnated at a volume of 30,000 to 40,000 cars for the decade
ending 1983. This was from where Maruti took over.
22
The company has crossed the milestone of becoming the first Indian
company in March 1994, by manufacturing in totalit y one million
vehicles. It is known for its mass-production and selling of more than
a million cars. Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. is the India's largest
automobile company which entered in the market with affirmed aim to
render high quality fuel – efficient and low - cost vehicles.
Sales figure in the year 1993 has reached up to 1,96,820. Maruti

comes in a variety of models in the 800 segment. Its cars operate on
Japanese technology, pliable to Indian conditions and Indian car
users. By the year 1998-99, the company has modernize the existing
facilities and expand its
capacity by
1,00,000 units.
Recently to ward off the

growing competition, Maruti
has completed Rs. 4 billion
expansion project at the
current site, which has raised
the total production capacity to
over 3,20,000 vehicles per
annum. With the coming of each and every year, the total production
of the company exceed by 4,00,000 vehicles.
In the small car segment it produces the Maruti 800 and the Zen. The
big car segment includes the Maruti Esteem and the Maruti 1000.
Along with them, the company also manufactures Maruti Omni. Other
models includes Wagon R and the Baleno.
Headquarter in Gurgaon, on 17 September 2007, Maruti Udyog was
renamed to Maruti Suzuki India Limited. Both in terms of volume of
vehicles sold and revenue earned, the company is India's leading
23
automobile manufacturers and the market leader in the car segment.
Sales recorded in June 2008, is Rs. 4,753.58 crores
Now lets havea look on Maruti’s products like Maruti 800,Maruti

Omni,Maruti Wegan R,
Maruti Swift and Maruti Alto.
SMALL & MEDIUM CAR SEGMENT IN INDIA

Small cars are classified according to the price range which
varies from 1 to 3 lakhs. It has the capacity to carry 4
passengers- 2 adults, 2 children. These are basically entry
level cars which are preferred by service group and middle
income group.
These cars are basically manufactured by - Maruti Udyog

and Reva. While companies like Volkswagon and Reva are
yet to launch their models in the market.
Maruti 800
Driving with the high quality of fuel efficiency and economical
purchasing price have enhanced the
popularity of the Maruti 800. Its lowest
fuel consumption cost has made this
car forever better choice for the buyer.
Its easy accommodating small structure

of 4.4 meters of radius has made it an
user friendly car. For its easy to park
structure , it is very comfortable to
24
parking anywhere, even if the space is too little. It can be smoothly
driven in an overcrowded street or in a narrow lane.
Various safety features of Maruti 800 give assurance of secured

driving to the buyer. Here is an overview on few salient features of
Maruti 800 :
• Side impact beams

• Laminated windshield
• Additional body reinforcement
Other extra new features:
• Collapsible steering columns

• High mount stop lamp
• Clear lens Headlamps
• Front Grille
• Dual Tone interior upholstery
• Bharat stage III : Hi-tech 32 ECM and ultra-refined engine
• Suzuki budging
• Clear multi reflector headlights
• Attractive tail lamp
• Specifically placed crumple zone
Maruti 800 is found in different colors:
• Superior white
• Bright red
These are the metallic colors :
• Icy Blue (new)

• Caribbean Blue (new)
25
• Silky silver
• Crystal gold(new)
There are two variants found in Maruti 800:
• Maruti 800 STD BS III

• Maruti 800 AC BS III
• Maruti 800 Duo
Maruti 800 Std BS III
Its weight is 650kg. It is without Air-conditioner
Maruti 800 AC BS III
To give the comfort of an Air conditioner, especially during sultry

summer days, Maruti 800 is running its name as the low cost air-
conditioned car. Its weight is 655kg.
Maruti 800 Std. & AC variants are available in Bharat Stage III
version.
Maruti 800 Duo
Maruti 800 Duo runs both on petrol and LPG. With the soaring
petrol prices, the 800 Duo is a great relief for the car users from
the economic point of view. In addition to this, being factory fitted
it is completely safe to drive. As far as power and performance is
concerned, it delivers a power of 35ps@5000 rpm and torque of
56Nm@2500 rpm.
26
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI 800
Dimensions
Overall length 3335 mm
Overall width 1440 mm
Overall height 1405 mm
Wheelbase 2175 mm
Minimum turning radius 4.4 m
Ground clearance 170 mm
Seating Capacity 4 persons
Weight
Unladen weight 665 kg (AC BS III), 650 kg (Std. BS III)
Laden weight 1000 kg
Engine
Type 4 stroke cycle, water cooled SOHC (1C2V)
No. of cylinders 3
Piston displacement 796 cc
Maximum output (Std.,AC) 37 bhp at 5000 rpm
Maximum torque (Std.,AC) 59 Nm at 2500 rpm
Power Transmission
Std., AC 4-forward, all synchromesh,
1 reverse
Steering
Steering Rack & pinion
Suspension
Front McPherson strut & coil spring
Rear Coil spring with gas filled shock absorbers
Brakes
Front Disc
Rear Drum
Tyre size (Radial) 145/70 R-12
Capacity
Fuel tank capacity 28 liters (BS III)
27
Maruti Alto
Maruti Alto is one of the best selling car in India. It has included
different new features in it like clear lens headlamps, sparkling tail
lamps, dynamic front grill and bumper,
stylish fabric, rotary control for AC etc.
Other features that are really important for
the comfort and safety of the passenger
are electronic power steering, excellent
services back up, convenient cup holders,
high rigid monocoque frame made of high
tensile steel, front and rear seat belts,
booster assisted brakes etc. Its better mileage and low engine friction
make this car most fuel efficient car in A2 segment (petrol).
It has three variants :
• Maruti Alto
• Maruti Alto Lx
• Maruti Alto Lxi
Maruti Alto
It has new features like front bumper,dynamic front grill, S mark, clear
lens headlamps, clear lens tail lamps etc.
Maruti Alto Lx
Along with the features that are present in Alto, there are many
additional new features like rotary control for AC, integrated rear seat
head restraints etc.
28
Maruti Alto Lxi
Along with all the features that are present in Alto LX and Alto,
another distinctive extra feature included in this model is electronic
power steering.
Various colors found in this car are :
• Midnight Black
• Superior White
• Pearl Silver
• Silky Silver
• Bright Red
• Brilliant Yellow
• Wine Red (new)
• Carribean Blue(new)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI ALTO

WEIGHT
Kerb weight Alto 725 kg
Alto Lx / Alto Lxi 740 kg
Gross vehicle weight 1165 kg

ENGINE
Swept volume 796cc
No. of cylinders 3
Engine control 32 bit computer
Maximum power 47 bhp @ 6200 rpm
Maximum torque 62 Nm @ 3000 rpm
Transmission 5 speed, all synchromesh, manual
SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Front McPherson Strut with torsion type anti-roll bar
Rear Coil spring with double action telescopic shock absorbers
SEATING
Capacity 4 Persons
29
TYRES
Tyre size 145 / 80 R12
DIMENSIONS
Overall length 3495 mm
Overall width 1495 mm
Overall height 1460 mm
Wheelbase 2360 mm
Tread - Front / Rear 1290 mm / 1290 mm
Minimum turning radius 4.6 m
Maruti Omni
Maruti Omni can accompany anybody during the lazy holidays. Its
seating capacity can accommodate a group of people going for picnic
or outing. Stylish, smart and sporty looks of newly launched Maruti
Omni is very comfortable. Its reclining and sliding front seat , enough
leg space and ample headroom
make it more spacious.
Its sleek sliding door and new side body

graphics are giving new taste to the car lovers.
Apart from this, smart new steering wheel,
clear lens headlamps and head lamp leveling
device are lining up to market this car properly.
With 37 bhp @ 500rpm and torque of 6.32 kgm @ 3000rpm , this car
is running strong over the years.
MPFI engine fulfills all the Bharat III emission norms.
30
The features that make this car safe and secure are like side impact
door beams, thermoplastic bumpers, booster assisted disc brakes,
secured seat belts, laminated glass winshield etc.
Turning radius of 4.1 m, Omni solves the purpose of narrow lane

driving, keen turning and small space parking.
• 5 seater Maruti Omni

• 8 seater Maruti Omni
• LPG Maruti Omni
5 seater Maruti Omni

5 seater Maruti Omni has capacity to arrange seating for five. In 5
seater Maruti Omni behind the front seats there is an arrangement for
3 seats in a row one after another.
8 seater Maruti Omni

8 seater Maruti Omni is with the accommodation facility for eight. In 8
seater Maruti Omni behind the fronts seats there is a seating
arrangement for two long seats to accommodate six more occupants.
Those both rear seats are arranged face to face which give scope to
gossip with each other while going for family picnic or friendly freak
out.
LPG Maruti Omni

LPG Maruti Omni is the most cost saving new car of the Maruti Omni.
Its 5 seater accommodation arrangement with LPG kit ( Vialle,

Netherlands) fitted by the factory keeps it noticeable to the buyers.
It has capacity of 62.1 ltr LPG cylinder / reserve fuel tank (petrol, 5
ltr).
31
It runs with the power of 27bhp@ 4500rpm.
Striking colors are keeping this car out of the crowd:-
• Bright Red
• Silky Silver
• Superior White
The Metallic colors are:
• Carribean Blue
• Icy Blue
• Crystal Gold
• Silky Silver
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI OMNI
Dimensions
Length 3370 mm
Width 1410 mm
Height 1640 mm
Wheel base 1840 mm
Turning radius 4.1 m
Weight
Omni 785 kg, Omni E - 800 kg
Engine
Type 4-stroke cycle, water cooled
Number of cylinders 3
Number of engine valves 6
Piston displacement 796 cc
Power Transmission
Type Manual, 4 forward, all synchromesh, 1 reverse
32
Brakes
Front Booster assisted Disc
Rear Drum
Capacity
Fuel Tank (Petrol) 36 litres
Performance
Maximum Power 35.0 bhp @ 5000 rpm
Maximum Torque 6.1 kgm @ 3000 rpm
Maruti Zen Estilo

Zen Estilo is Maruti's latest launch pad in the automobile sector.
Estilo, Spanish word for "style", radiates both
Japanese simplicity and European
sophistication & is made perfectly suitable for
Indian roads. The car is much more roomier
than Zen & its plush & sleek interiors impart a
more royal touch to its persona. Sporting a
much larger engine of 1061 cc., the car's
elevated size offers extra boot space. Best
feature boasts of its superior air conditioning
which eases the task of beating the sultry summers.
With a capacity of 64 bhp. & a low-end torque of 84 nm (i.e. 3500

rpm), the new model ensures the Indian market with a smooth &
comfortable drive.
The car exhibiting fine upholstery matched up with its' color theme
has an immense stamina to sweep away the customer with its' elan
appearance. Other salient characteristics include:
33
Modern design Two tone color design
Redesign seats
Other Features
Maruti Zen Estilo has a series of other plus points which makes is an
instant hit among Indian buyers. They are:
* spacious
* Handy driver's side airbag
* Rear defogger, tachometer & ABS
* Electronic power steering
* Black bumpers
* Hatchbacks
* Dual tone theme
* Accelerated & top speed
* Has four-cylinder engine
* Combo of five-speed gearbox
* Electrically adjustable side view mirrors
* Built in 6 audio speaker provision
* Mobile and fax connectivity at the back door
There are three variants found in this car:-
• Maruti Zen Estilo Lx

• Maruti Zen Estilo Lxi
• Maruti Zen Estilo Vxi
Maruti Zen Estilo Lx

This model has certain specific points such as no body colored side
or back door handles, outside door mirrors, accessory socket.
Though, it has rear door child lock & steering lock.
34
Maruti Zen Estilo Lxi
This variant of Estilo is almost the same like its other model LX. It has
body colored bumpers & back door handles. Though, it is fully air
conditioned like others & has numerous other qualities.
Maruti Zen Estilo Vxi
Estilo Vxi bosts of almost all the benefits, thus, fitting easily in the
ultra modern automobile category. The model has an electrical
adjustable ORVM, side door handles, outside door mirrors & a host of
other plus points. Though, certain features are optional in it which are
:
* SRS airbag (driver side)
* ABS
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI ZEN ESTILO
Length 3495
Width 1475 (Lx, Lxi), 1495 (Vxi)
Height 1595
Wheel Base 2360
Tread, Front 1295
Tread, Rear 1290
Turning Radius (m) 4.6
Groung Clearance 165
Max Power (bhp/rpm) 64/6,200
Max Torque (Nm/rpm) 84/3,500
Engine F10D
Engine Capacity (cc) 1061
Engine Type 4 cyl
Transmission 5MT
Drive 2WD
Clutch Type Cable
Kerb Weight(kg) 855 (Lx, Lxi), 875 (Vxi)
35
GVW (kg) 1275
Tyre Size 145 / 70 R13(Lx, Lxi) 155 / 65 R13 (Vxi)
Fuel Tank Capacity (lt) 35
Front Break
Ventilated Disc
Rear Brake Drum

Transmission Type Manual -5 Speed, all synchromesh with teo overdrive gears
Suspension System Front: McPherson Strut with Torsion type roll control device
Rear: Coil Spring, Gas field shock absorbers with three link ride
and isolated trailing arm
Power Steering Type: Electronic Power Steering (EPS) (Lxi, Vxi)
Maruti Swift
Competing with the other cars of Maruti, Maruti Swift is gradually
making its position in the world of mid-sized family car. Maruti Swift
has come up with the special technical specifications of 16 valve 4-
cylinder, 1300 cc engine generating power of solid 87bhp @ 6000
rpm
Maruti swift is equipped with various safety features and well
advanced equipments.
36
There are four variants in this car :
• Swift LXi
• Swift VXi
• Swift ZXi
• Swift Diesel'Ldi'
• Swift Diesel 'Vdi'
Swift LXi
3 assist grips, 3 spoke urethane steering wheel, antenna, cabin light

(3 position), console box (lower), cup holders (front 2, rear1), front
door trim pockets, green tinted glass window, halogen headlamps,
headlamp leveling device, heater and manual Air conditioning, OVRM
(internally adjusted), rear fog lamps, wind screen wiper 2 speed plus
1 speed intermittent, tailgate opener key type, trip meter (digital
display), sun visors (both sides), brake assist , child lock (rear door),
high mounted stop lamp, power steering, rear seat belts etc. are the
features available in this model.
Swift VXi
Apart from the features found in other model, striking features of this
model are black colored A & B pillars, 12v accessory socket in center
console, day and night rear view mirror, door ajar warming lamp,
driver's seatbelt warning lamp, tachometer, driver's seat belt warning
lamp, vanity mirrors (sun visor co-driver side), rear seat head
restraints, fabric accented door trims, central door locking (4 door),
front and rear electronic windows, front fog lamps, light off/ key
reminder, manual air-conditioning, key not removed warning buzzer,
etc.
37
Swift ZXi
Special features that have made this model more market friendly are
rear window demister, rear parcel shelf, rear window wiper, room
lamp and luggage room, keyless entry,dual front airbags, colored
outside door mirror cowls, colored outside door handles, 12v
accessory socket in luggage room, driver seat height adjuster, central
door locking (5 doors), seat belts 3-point ELR with shoulder
adjusters, seat belts front 3-point ELR with pretensioning,tailgate
opener electromagnetic type etc.
Maruti Swift Diesel
Before making a buying decision for a car, comfort is always the first
priority that we usually look for. Make no compromises with your
comforts, as 'Maruti Swift Diesel' incorporates the best comfort
features which any swanky car does have these days.
There are two variants this car :
• Maruti Swift Diesel'Ldi'

• Maruti Swift Diesel 'Vdi'
Maruti Swift Diesel'Ldi'

Right from power steering to antenna and manual air conditioning to
heater, you would get maximum comfort level with this 'Ldi' model. As
far as safety and security is concerned, it comes with child lock (rear
door), side impact beams and the icats. In addition to this, it has
cabin light in three positions, sports-type spherical shift knob, sun
visors on both sides, 3 assist grips and lots more inside the car. In
the exteriors, you will find headlamp leveling device, windscreen
38
wiper 2-speed+1-speed intermittent, green tinted glass window, rear
fog lamps and much more...
Maruti Swift Diesel 'Vdi'

Apart from all those features mentioned with the Ldi, you can get
front and rear electric windows and central door locking in the comfort
segment. On the other hand, the Vanity mirrors, day/night rearview
mirror, head restraints (rear seat) and 12V accessory socket in
central console are also some of the extra features which are found
inside the car. The additional external features include colored door
mirror cowls and handles, front fog lamps and 165/80 R14 steel
wheels with cap (tubeless)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI SWIFT
Body Type
Body Type : Hatchback

Number of doors : 5
Seating capacity : 5
Engine
Capacity : 1298cc
Number of cylinders : 4
Number of valves : 16
Bore x Stroke : 74.0 x 75.5 mm
Compression ratio : 9.0:1
Maximum power : 87bhp @ 6000rpm
Maximum torque : 113Nm @ 4500rpm
Fuel distribution : Multipoint injection
Transmission
Type : Five-speed manual, with synchromesh in all gears,
one reverse
Gear ratios : 1st 3.545 4th 0.966
2nd 1.904 5th 0.757
3rd 1.280 reverse 3.272
39
Dimensions
Overall length : 3695mm
Overall width : 1690mm
Overall height : 1530mm
Wheelbase : 2390mm
Track Front : 1470mm
Rear : 1480mm
Ground clearance : 170mm
Minimum turning radius : 4.7 metres
Luggage capacity : 232 litres (with seatback raised)
368 litres (with seatback folded)
Chassis
Steering : Rack & pinion, power assisted
Brakes Front : Ventilated Discs
Rear : Drums
Suspension Front : MacPherson strut and coil spring
Rear : Torsion beam and coil spring
Tyros : 165/80 R14 / 185/70 R14 (tubeless)
Maruti WagonR
WagonR with its 1061cc low friction engine does not only run , but
always fly high with its super power of 64bhp@6200rpm and faster
acceleration. Its smooth pick up has made this car more popular than
other cars in this category.
Its on board computer of 16 bit capacity always keeps an eyes on the
performance of the engine.
40
Its engine configuration of 4 valves per cylinder capacity keeps its
fuel consumption lower than other cars.
Its Dual Distributionless Digital Ignition (DDLI) gives better start and
ideal power distribution. At the same time its mileage of 14.15 kmpl
and other features make it more reliable car to the buyer.
There are four variants in this car:-
• WagonR Lx
• WagonR Lxi
• WagonR Vxi
• WagonR Ax
• WagonR Duo
WagonR Lx
It is well equipped with chrome plated grille, clear headlamps and tail
lamps, right outside rear view mirror, front wiper (2 speed +
intermittent), new plush upholstery, air conditioner with heater, full flat
front seat, remote fuel lid opener, new headlamp leveling device etc.
WagonR Lxi
Along with the features that are present in WagonR LXi, few
exclusive features present in this model are central door locking (all 5
doors), electronic power steering, roof rails, newly added body
colored bumpers, right outside rear view mirrors etc.
WagonR Vxi
Apart from the features that are present in WagonR LXi ,few
exclusive special features are only available in this model like side
molding,front power window, rear defogger, full wheel covers, boot
41
lamp, day/ night rear view mirror, electronic tachometer, “Key Not
Removed” warning buzzer, “Lights On” warning buzzer, vanity mirror,
newly added accessory socket, two tone leather steering wheel
cover; newly added anti lock braking system (ABS), dual SRS
airbags, key less entry etc.
WagonR AX
Along with the common features that are present in other models, this
model contains special features like right and left outside rear view
mirror, new added roof rails etc.
WagonR Duo
This extremely dynamic and vibrant variant of WagonR is flooded

with all the latest technologies and features not only externally but
internally too. As the name itself suggests, it has been designed to
run on both petrol as well as the CNG mode whichever ways you
want it to be. The car has got some latest modifications such as 3
spoke steering, matching door trim fabric and much more. It has been
stuffed with some highly safety features such as intelligent
computerized anti theft system (iCATS), dual SRS air bags that
minimizes the force of impact on passengers during jerks, and
crumple zone.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI WAGONR
42
Dimensions in mm.
Length 3495
Width 1495
Height 1660
Wheelbase 2360
Front Track 1295
Rear Track 1290
Min. Ground Clearance 165
Weight in Kg.
825 (LX, LXi)

Kerb Weight 830 (VXi
840 (AX)
1225 (LX, LXi)
Gross Vehicle Weight 1230 (VXi)
1240 (AX)
Capacity
Fuel Tank Capacity 35 litres
Engine
Swept Volume 1061 cc

Engine Type 4 cylinder in line, FC Engine,
4 Valvs per cylinder, MPFI
16 - Bit Electronic Control Module (ECM) in bharat
Stage || variant
Engine Control
32 - Bit Electronic Control Module (ECM) in bharat
Stage ||| variant
Max. Power, bhp 64@6200 rpm
Max. Torque, Nm 84@3500 rpm
Power Steering
Type Electronic Power Steering (EPS) (LXi, VXi & AX)
Transmission
Manual (LX, LXi, VXi) 5 speed,

Type All-synchromesh with two overdrive gears
Automatic (AX), 3 speed
Suspension System
McPherson Strut with torsion type roll control

Front
device
43
Coil spring, gas-filled shock absorbers with
Rear
three-link rigid axle and isolated trailing arms
Apart from Maruti Suzuki, for my research I have to study some other
company through secondary resource .these are as follow
HYUNDAI INDIA LTD
44
Hyundai Motor India Ltd
Hyundai Motor India Limited (HMIL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of

Hyundai Motor Company, South Korea and is the second largest car
manufacturer and the largest passenger car exporter from India.
HMIL presently markets 33 variants of passenger cars across
segments. The Santro in the B segment, the Getz Prime, i10 and the
Premium hatchback i20 in the B+ segment, the Accent and the Verna
45
in the C segment, the Sonata Embera in the E segment and the
Tucson in the SUV segment.
Hyundai Motor India Ltd, continuing with its tradition of being the
fastest growing passenger car manufacturer, registered total sales of
489,328 vehicles in the calendar year (CY) 2008, an increase of 49.6
percent over CY 2007. In the domestic market it clocked a growth of
22.4 percent with 245387 units in 2008, while overseas sales grew by
92.5 percent, with exports accounting for 243,931 units in 2008.
HMIL's fully integrated state-of-the-art manufacturing plant near

Chennai boasts of the most advanced production, quality and te sting
capabilities in the country. In continuation of its commitment to
provide the Indian customer with global technology, HMIL
commissioned its second plant in February 2008 which produces an
additional 300,000 units per annum, raising HMIL's total production
capacity to 600,000 units per annum.
HMIL has invested to expand capacity in line with its positioning as

HMC's global export hub for compact cars. Apart from the expansion
of production capacity, HMIL currently has 251 strong dealer network
across India, which will be further bolstered in 2009.
In 2008, HMIL also successfully completed 10 glorious years of

operations in India and to commemorate its achievements, initiated a
unique trans-continental drive from Delhi to Paris in two of its hugely
popular i10 Kappa cars. The drive created automobile history by
completing a distance of 10,000km in just 17 days after which the
i10s were showcased at the Paris Motor Show in October. In fact it
was at the Paris Motor Show that HMIL first unveiled the Hyundai i20
and the car received a phenomenal response from the auto
enthusiasts across the world. Hyundai Motor India also accomplished
46
the landmark of producing the fastest 20th lakh cars in India in 2008.
Like 2008, the year 2007 had also been a significant year for Hyundai
Motor India. It achieved a significant milestone by rolling out the
fastest 400,000th export car. Hyundai exported to over 95 countries
globally; even as it plans to continue its thrust in existing export
markets, it is gearing up to step up its foray into new markets. 2007
also saw the launch of the i10 and yet another path-breaking record
in its young journey by rolling out the fastest 1,500,000th car.
Hyundai's new model i10 made a clean sweep of all the 'Car of the
Year 2008' awards from the leading automotive magazines and TV
channels like BS Motoring, CNBC-TV18 AutoCar, NDTV Profit Car &
Bike India and Overdrive magazine. The i10 was also the choice of
the discerning automotive media of the country as they conferred the
prestigious 'Indian Car of the Year' (ICOTY) award to the i10 as well.
The Santro and the Accent also received the 'TNS Voice of the
Customer - 2008' award for the Premium Compact Car (Santro) and
the Entry Mid size Car (Accent). In March 2008 it achieved yet
another milestone by rolling out the fastest 500,000th export car.
In 2007, the Hyundai Verna had also bagged some of the most
prestigious awards starting with the Overdrive magazine’s ‘Car of the
Year 2007’, the ‘Best Mid-size Car of the Year’ award from NDTV
Profit Car & Bike India, the ‘Best Value for Money Car’ from CNBC
Autocar and 'Performance Car of the Year' from Business Standard
Motoring.
Hyundai cars have been a favorite at all awards ceremonies and has
won many awards. The Sonata Embera won the 'Executive Car of
The Year 2006' award from Business Standard Motoring magazine
47
and NDTV Profit Car & Bike India had declared the Tucson as the
'SUV of The Year 2006'.
Not only this, HMIL has also been awarded the benchmark ISO 14001
certification for its sustainable environment management practices.
About HMC
Established in 1967, Hyundai Motor Co. has grown into the Hyundai-Kia
Automotive Group which was ranked as the world’s fifth-largest automaker
in 2007 and includes over two dozen auto-related subsidiaries and affiliates.
Employing over 75,000 people worldwide, Hyundai Motor posted sales of
US$74.9 billion in 2007 on a consolidated-basis and US$32.8 billion on a
non-consolidated basis (using the average currency exchange of 929 won
per US dollar). Hyundai vehicles are sold in 193 countries through some
6,000 dealerships and showrooms.
Corporate website: www.hyundai.co.in
Hyundai i10
The Hyundai Motor group takes a new
plunge in the market by launching the
most dynamic and vibrant car called
Hyundai i10. Designed with all the
latest technologies and luxurious
features inside, it can become the
fantasy of any car lover. It has been
designed in the most extraordinary
and inventive way that can cater to the needs of a modern day
customer in a efficient way. It consists of streamline body-line and
waistline molding that lends it a sporty look.
It has also been stylized with a Sun Roof that can offer its users with
48
a feel of fresh air while driving. It do consists of Tailgate and Rear
Washer Wiper that solves the problem of visibility during rainy days
and makes it crystal clear. The same type of luxurious design has
been carried forward in the interior as well. It has a Rotary type AC
Vents that can give you a cooling comfort in summers and i-shift that
makes the changing of gears an easy task. Keeping safety as the
major concern, it has been couched with all the safety features like
Dual Air bags with seatbelt Pretentioners that can give instant
protection at times of accident and Multi Reflector Fog Lamp that
ensures maximum visibility during adverse weather conditions.
Available Colors :
It is also available in various enticing colors like:
• Crystal White
• Stone Black
• Oyster Gray
• Virtual Yellow
• Electric Red
• Deep Ocean Blue
• Champagne Gold
• Blushing Red
• Sleek White
• Alpine Blue
Variants
Hyundai i10 is available in two variants:
• Hyundai 1.1 iRDE

• Hyundai i10 Kappa
49
Hyundai 1.1 iRDE
The new generation muscle power of Hyundai 1.1 iRDE is equipped
with latest technology and evident in the high performance car
beating the best. i10 takes this image of Hyundai miles ahead with its
immense efficiency and intelligent responsive drive engine. This
variant is a 1.1 L powerhouse with optimally designed ECU that
yields an output level perfect for the car. 1.1iRDE has some special
standard features Outside Rear View Mirror, Tinted Glass, Clear
Headlamps & Rear Combination Lamp.
Hyundai iRDE is available in three models :
• D-lite
• Era
• Magna
Hyundai i10 Kappa
Hyundai has launched its popular small car, the Hyundai i10, with a
new 1.2 liter engine which it calls the Kappa. It is a new fuel V saving
power unit. This ergonomically designed car uses new technologies
that cut weight to boost fuel economy. The Kappa engine is an
aluminum block, four-cylinder engine that features double overhead
cam shaft and breathes through 16 valves. This car features all top
end features sunroof, 2-Din audio system, a unique red pack for the
Sportz interiors and some class leading safety features like anti-lock
braking system (ABS) and dual airbags.
This car is made available in three models:-
1. Magna 2 Sportz 3
Asta
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI i10
50
Hyundai 1.1 iRDE Hyundai i10 Kappa
DIMENSION & WEIGHT
Overall Length (mm) 3565
Overall Width (mm) 1595
Wheelbase (mm) 2380
Front Track (mm) 1400
Fuel Tank capacity (l) 35
ENGINE
No.of cylinders 4
No. of valves 12 16
Displacement (cc) 1086 1197
Maximum Power (ps/rpm) 66.6/5500 80/5200
Maximum Torque (Kgm/rpm) 10.1/2800 11.4/4000
SUSPENSIONS
Front Suspension Mc Pherson Strut with Stabilizer bar
Rear Suspension Coupled Torsion Beam Axle with Coil Spring
BRAKES
Front Ventilated Disc
Rear Drum
TYRE
Size 155/80 R13
TRANSMISSION
Type (Manual) S S
Hyundai i20
Price range – Rs 4.5 to 6 lakhs
Hyundai i20 is the new epitome of

the modern premium compact,
the perfect combination of fresh
ideas, novel solutions and top technology. The alluring Hyundai i20 is
economical, comprised with sharp and stylish features and is very
spacious. This car is like a complete package available with optimum
51
comfort, safety and reliability. Along with eye catching exterior
characteristics, the interior is also outstandingly designed with the
usage of superior quality material. Hyundai i 20 is incorporated with
high levels of comfort and diversified convenience features like aux-in
and USB port, cool glove box, adjustable and power driven steering
wheel, kappa engine and manual transmission. In its segment, i20 is
one of the safest model in the market integrated with ABS with EBD
and dual front, side and curtain airbags. Some essential
characteristics of Hyundai i20 are :
• Fuel Tank capacity (litres) – 45

• No. of cylinders - 4
• Maximum Power (ps / rpm) - 80 / 5200
• Maximum Torque (kgm / rpm) - 11.4 / 4000
• Type - 5-Speed Manual
Colors:- Dfferent colors available in new i20 are
• Crystal White
• Black diamond
• Sleek silver
• Silky beige
• Sparkle blue
• Berry red
• Dark Gray metallic
Variants:-
Hyundai i20 is available in two variants:
• Hyundai i20 MAGNA

• Hyundai i20 ASTA
• Hyundai i20 ASTA (O)
52
Hyundai i20 MAGNA
This model is equipped with many striking features like Child-Safety

Rear Door Locks, Central Locking (5 DR), RHD Controls,
Immobiliser, Rear Parcel Tray, Body Coloured Side Door Handles
and bumpers, Ash Tray, Glove Box Cooling, Coat Hook, Tachometer,
Low Fuel Warning, Door & Tailgate Ajar Warning, Battery saver,
60:40 Rear Seat Folding, Clutch Foot Rest, Cigar Lighter, Luggage
Lamp, Audio Input - Auxillary & USB and Roof Antenna.
Hyundai i20 ASTA
Along with few prominent features included in the magna model, this
variant comprises Front Seat belt Pretensioner, Rear door locks,
Central Locking (5 DR), Keyless Entry with Folding Key, Front - Fog
Lamps, ABS with EBD, Front Dual Airbags, Alloy Wheels, 4 Speakers
with 2 Front Tweeters, Passanger Side Seat Back Pocket, Centre
Console Tray, Leather Wrapped & Chrome finish TGS Knob, Leather
Wrapped Steering Wheel, Seat Belt Warning (All 5 seats), Height
Adjustable Driver Seat, FATC Air Conditioner with Heater, Electrically
Adjustable ORVM and folding ORVM and Steering Audio Remote.
Hyundai i20 ASTA (O)

Including all features of ASTA model, this variant also consists Side &
Curtain Airbags.
53
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI i20
MAGNA ASTA & ASTA(O)

DIMENSION & WEIGHT
Overall Height (mm) 1505
Wheelbase (mm) 2525
Front Track (mm) 1505
Rear Track (mm) 1503
Fuel Tank capacity (l) 45
ENGINE
Material All Aluminium Cylinder Engine
No.of cylinders 4
No. of valves 16
Valvetrain (type) (SOHC / DOHC) DOHC
Displacement (cc) 1197
Maximum Power (ps/rpm) 80 / 5200
Maximum Torque (Kgm/rpm) 11.4 / 4000
SUSPENSIONS
Front Suspension Mc Pherson Strut with Coil Spring
Rear Suspension Coupled Torsion Beam Axle with Coil Spring
Shock Absorbers Gas Type (Front & Rear)
BRAKES
Front Disc
Rear Drum
TYRE
175/70 R14, Tubeless 185/65 R14, Tubeless
Size & Type
Steel wheel Alloy wheel
TRANSMISSION
Type 5-Speed Manual
Hyundai Accent
54
Hyundai Accent was ceremonially launched at Frankfurt International
Motors Show on 15
September, 1999. It
came in two versions, i.e.
Petrol and Diesel
Versions in India initially,
while in Europe it was
introduced only with the
Petrol version. Initially
Accent came up with the
manual transmission
which in turn started
getting available in automatic transmission. The car was powered by
1.5 litre, 94 bhp engine.
To know about the models of this car, please see this following text :
• Hyundai Accent GLE

• Hyundai Accent GLS
• Hyundai Accent Viva
• Hyundai Accent Viva CRDi
• Hyundai Accent CRDi
Hyundai Accent GLE
This model has many distinctive features like 60:40 split folding rear
seats, automatic trunk lamps, body colored door handles, bumper
with or without molding, door trims and consoles, high mounted stop
lamps (HMSL), Mist (one stoke wiper blades), semi cloth upholstery,
trip odometer, rear license garnish, waistline molding, wiper (3 no. of
speed), cross bar under dash board, crumple zone, dual horn, engine
sub frame etc.
Hyundai Accent GLS
Features that are striking in this models are tinted glass, remote boot
release, split rear seats, tachometer, remote fuel cap release, sun
visors with vanity mirror, power telescopic antenna, luxury full cloth
upholstery, energy absorbing collapsible steering column, full size
55
wheel cover etc.
Hyundai Accent Viva
Accent Viva has some special features which are making this model
more and more popular to the buyers. Its popular features are like full
fabric door trims, front fog lamps, dual member side impact,
protection beams etc.
Hyundai Accent Viva CRDi
This model with its advanced comfort and safety equipments are
running strong in the market. The highlighting features that are not
very common in other models are map reading lamps (front/ rear),
trunk lamps (automatic), glove box (with lock), foot rest, coat hook,
audio 4 speaker CD changer, leather wrapped gear shaft knob, cross
bar under dashboard, dual horn etc.
Hyundai Accent CRDi
This model is well equipped with various safety and comfort features
like body colored bumpers, full door arm rest, heater and air-
conditioner, tinted glass, vanity mirror LH, tachometer, power steering
and power windows, front and rear speakers, dual-member side
impact beams, rear seat belts, rear defogger, day and night mirror,
fog lamps, full size wheel covers etc.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI ACCENT

DIMENSION &
WEIGHT
56
Wheelbase (mm) 2440
Ground Clearance (mm) 172
Fuel Tank Capacity (L) 45
Kerb Weight (Kg) 1039
Model Designation Hyundai Alpha
Configuration and No. of
4-Cylinder, in-line, 12-V, DOHC, Petrol
Cylinders
ENGINE
Fuel system MPFI
Ignition System Electronic Ignition
Max. Horsepower
94/5500
PERFORMANCE (ps/rpm)
Max. Torque (kg m/rpm) 12.5/3500
McPherson Strut with coil spring,gas filled Shock
Front Suspension
Absorber & Stabilizer Bar
SUSPENSIONS
Dual Link with Coil Spring gas filled Shock Absorber &
Rear Suspension
Anti-roll Bar
Steering System Rack & Pinion
STEERING Power Assisted Standard
Min. Turning Radius (m) 5.0
Type Diagonal,dual circuit,hydraulic,power assisted
BRAKES Front Brakes Ventilated Disc
Rear Brakes Drum
Type Pressed Steel Disc
TYRES & WHEELS
Size 5J X 13
Hyundai Getz Prime
Getz Prime is one of the

most esteemed brands of
Hyundai Motors, India,
with which they are again
trying to monopolize their
hold on the automotive
sector. The newest
version of the Getz has
captured the hearts of all
car connoisseurs
yearning for style with grace. Giving tough competition to all leading
auto brands, Getz Prime is available with two petrol engine options,
1100 cc and 1300 cc. With a competitive price, the lucrative brand
57
has many highlighted features such as an all new hep look projected
in a bit more rounded shape & modern in nature. Adorned gracefully
with a larger & sleekly designed glasshouse, Hyundai's latest venture
is surely going to give others a run for their money.
Colors
Hyundai Getz Prime is available in a range of vibrant colors which are
primarily :
• Noble white
• Passion red
• Blue onyx
• Bright silver
• Deep pearl blue
• Dynasty red
• Ebony black
• Midnight grey
• Real earth
• Sky blue
• Space silver
Variant
Getz Prime from Hyundai is available in four variants, almost alike but
differing in some or the other points. These are popularly :
• Getz Prime 1.1 GLE

• Getz Prime 1.1 GVS
• Getz Prime 1.3 GLS
• Getz Prime 1.3 GLX
Hyundai Getz Prime 1.1 GLE & 1.1 GVS
Hyundai Getz Prime 1.1 GLE & Hyundai Getz Prime 1.1 GVS are
almost same models. Though they differ from the other two variants
in following manner :
• 995 is their kerb weight (Kg)

• 1086 as displacement (cc)
• 66.6/5500 is the maximum engine power (ps/rpm)
• 10.4/3200, the max. torque (kgm/rpm)
• 155/80 R13 as tyre size
Hyundai Getz Prime 1.3 GLS & 1.3 GLX
Hyundai Getz Prime 1.3 GLS & Hyundai Getz Prime 1.3 GLX, on the
other hand are almost similar in their features.
58
• 1012-1033 is the kerb weight (Kg)
• 1341 as displacement (cc)
• 82.9/5,500 is the maximum engine power (ps/rpm)
• 11.8/3200 as max. torque (kgm/rpm)
Though the tyre size differ in both. While 1.3 GLS has 175/70 R13
(GLS) as size type, 1.3 GLX is marked with 175/65 R14 (GLX) size
type.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI GETZ PRIME

DIMENSIONS Wheelbase (mm) 2455
Kerb Weight (Kg) 1012-1033

Configuration and No. of Cylinders Type 4 Cylinder SOHC Petrol
Fuel system MPFI
ENGINE & Displacement (cc) 1341

TRANSMISSION Transmission 5 Speed Manual
Max. Horsepower (ps/rpm) 82.9/5500
Max. Torque (kgm/rpm) 11.8/3200
Independent Macpherson Strut with
Front Suspension
Torsion Bar
SUSPENSION
Dependent Torsion Beam Axle and
Rear Suspension
Coil Spring
Front Brakes Ventilated Discs
BRAKES
Rear Brakes Drums
Type Radial
TYRES (155/80 R13) (175/70 R13)
Size
(175/65 R14 )
Hyundai Santro
In the field of mid size car, Santro

Xing is capturing the market very
rapidly. Its design, style, space
and other special features has
59
made it one of the highest purchasable car among any economy
class.
It has five variants :
• Santro XK
• Santro XK (Non AC)
• Santro XL
• Santro XO
• Santro AT
• Santro CNG
Santro XK
Along with the other features that are present in Santro XK (Non AC),
other features present in this model are air conditioner, day and night
inside rear view mirror, chrome1 radiator grille etc.
Santro XK (Non AC)
This model of Santro is without Air-conditioner. It has features like

dual side impact beams, standard inside rear view mirror, clear head
and rear lamps, half wheel cover, S vinyl molded roof lining, 2 cup
holders, seating capacity of 5, semi cloth upholstery, chrome1
radiator grille, B and C pillar trims, low fuel warning etc.
Santro XL
Along with the features available in Santro XK, added features in this
model are 4 doors CLS, passenger side OVRM, tinted glass, map
pocket front door driver side, front door full size arm rest, door trim
with fabric insert, hydraulic power steering, power windows (front)
etc.
60
Santro XO
Along with the features present in other models, there are some
special features present exclusively in this model like B/C bumper,
waistline molding, chrome2 radiator grille, rear parcel tray, deluxe
floor console, exclusive molded door trim, driver side seat under tray,
internally adjustable OVRMs, rear wiper and washer, rear defogger,
passenger side vanity mirror etc.
Santro AT
Excluding the special features in other models , Santro AT has

almost all the common features of other models.
Santro CNG
Hyundai Motor India adds to its glitter by launching Santro CNG thus
making it even more economical and eco-friendly car. This new
variant of sSantro offers its buyers with one more option to muse over
because of its estimated low running cost of only Rs.1/km thus
increasing the savings of the consumer up to 60- 70% . To ensure
the better safety, CNG kits contains advanced Lambda control
system to provide Euro III emission norms. The car also has an
optional manual selector switch which makes the user to make a
choice between gasoline or CNG. The CNG on-board cylinder has an
approximate capacity of 12 kg with a 2 year warranty on CNG kit and
its fitments.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI SANTRO
Santro Xing eRLX

DIMENSIONS Overall Length (mm) 3565
61
Wheelbase (mm) 2380
Min Turning Radius (m) 4.4
854(M/T)
Kerb Weight (Kg)
868(A/T)
No. of Cylinders 4
No. of valves 12
Valvetrain (type ) SOHC
ENGINE
Maximum Power (ps/rpm) 63@5500
Max. Torque (kgm/rpm) 9.8 @ 3000
McPherson Strut with
Front Suspension
Stabilizer Bar
Torsional Beam Axle , 3 Link
Rear Suspension Offset Coil Spring & Hydraulic
SUSPENSION Damper
Front Ventilated Discs
Rear Drums
Size 155/70R13
Front Ventilated Discs

BRAKES
Rear Drums
TYRE Size 155/70R13
Hyundai Verna
The clean, modern and

trendy texture of the Verna
portrays itself as an object of
panache. Rich in style and
swift in movement, makes
Verna the ultimate symbol of
elegance. Verna is although
a medium segment luxury
sedan, however it has well
been crafted in a way that it
projects a very sporty look on itself. The below mentioned traits of
62
Verna in the domain of luxury, comfort and design is such that it
could impeccably create a sensation amongst every generation.
Salient features
• Integrated wrap around headlights

• Micro antenna
• Led high mounted stop lamp
• 5.5J x 14" Alloy wheel
• Gauge cluster and trip computer
• Portable ash tray
• Ample storage space
• Rear center and seat armrests
• Adjustable power steering wheel
• Fully automatic temperature control
• Bigger disc brakes
Models
• Verna i (Petrol)
• Verna Xi (Petrol)
• Verna XXi (Petrol)
• Verna CRDi VGT
Available Colours
• Noble white
• Ebony black
• Bright silver
• Passion red
• Dynasty red
• Real earth
• Husky blue
• Deep pearl blue
Verna i (Petrol)
It comes with 2 tone interiors, power window/steering, central locking

system and an ample internal storage space.
Verna Xi (Petrol)
This version has an exclusive front seat center armrest along with
63
seat back pockets and seat back hook. It also has an additional
feature of a dual height adjustable driver seat.
Verna XXi (Petrol)
This version comes with the alloy wheels along with the leather
wrapped steering wheel. It also has a luggage net and a trip
computer dedicated to this version only. It also comes with the option
of ABS (anti-lock braking system).
64
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF HYUNDAI VERNA
Body Three Box 4 door Saloon

Brakes
Front Ventilated Disc Brakes
Rear Drum / Disc (ABS)
Dimension & Weight
Front Track -
Fuel Tank capacity 45 Litres
Gross Vehicle Weight 170 mm
Ground Clearance -
Kerb weight -
Overall Height 1490 mm
Overall Length 4310 mm
Overall Width 1695 mm
Rear track -
Wheelbase 2500 mm
Engine
Bore x Stroke -
Compression ratio -
Displacement 1599 cc
Fuel System -
No. cylinders / arrangement / Valves VTVT - Variable Timing Valve Train,16V – DOHC
Performance
Max. Power 103.2 ps @ 5500 RPM
Max. Torque 14.9 kgm @ 3000 RPM
Steering
Min. Turning Radius 4.92(5.05)
Type Rack and Pinion Power steering
Suspension
Front MacPherson Strut with coil springs and anti roll bar
Rear Coupled torsion beam axle
Transmission
Transmission Type 5 Speed Manual
Tyres & Wheels
Tyres P235 / 70 R 16 Radial
Wheel size
65
TATA MOTORS LTD
TATA MOTORS LTD
66
Tata Motors Limited is India’s largest automobile company, with
revenues of Rs. 35651.48 crores (USD 8.8 billion) in 2007-08. It is
the leader in commercial vehicles in each segment, and among the
top three in passenger vehicles with winning products in the
compact, midsize car and utility vehicle segments. The company is
the world’s fourth largest truck manufacturer, and the world’s
second largest bus manufacturer.
The company’s 23,000 employees are guided by the vision to be

“best in the manner in which we operate, best in the products we
deliver, and best in our value system and ethics.”
Established in 1945, Tata Motors’ presence indeed cuts across the

length and breadth of India. Over 4 million Tata vehicles ply on
Indian roads, since the first rolled out in 1954. The company’s
manufacturing base in India is spread across Jamshedpur
(Jharkhand), Pune (Maharashtra), Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh),
Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) and Dharwad (Karnataka). Following a
strategic alliance with Fiat in 2005, it has set up an industrial joint
venture with Fiat Group Automobiles at Ranjangaon (Maharashtra)
to produce both Fiat and Tata cars and Fiat powertrains. The
company is establishing a new plant at Sanand (Gujarat). The
company’s dealership, sales, services and spare parts network
comprises over 3500 touch points; Tata Motors also distributes and
markets Fiat branded cars in India.
Tata Motors, the first company from India’s engineering sector to be

listed in the New York Stock Exchange (September 2004), has also
emerged as an international automobile company. Through
subsidiaries and associate companies, Tata Motors has operations
in the UK, South Korea, Thailand and Spain. Among them is Jaguar
Land Rover, a business comprising the two iconic British brands
67
that was acquired in 2008. In 2004, it acquired the Daewoo
Commercial Vehicles Company, South Korea’s second largest truck
maker. The rechristened Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicles
Company has launched several new products in the Korean market,
while also exporting these products to several international markets.
Today two-thirds of heavy commercial vehicle exports out of South
Korea are from Tata Daewoo. In 2005, Tata Motors acquired a 21%
stake in Hispano Carrocera, a reputed Spanish bus and coach
manufacturer, with an option to acquire the remaining stake as well.
Hispano’s presence is being expanded in other markets. In 2006, it
formed a joint venture with the Brazil-based Marcopolo, a global
leader in body-building for buses and coaches to manufacture fully-
built buses and coaches for India and select international markets.
In 2006, Tata Motors entered into joint venture with Thonburi
Automotive Assembly Plant Company of Thailand to manufacture
and market the company’s pickup vehicles in Thailand. The new
plant of Tata Motors (Thailand) has begun production of the Xenon
pickup truck, with the Xenon having been launched in Thailand at
the Bangkok Motor Show 2008.
Tata Motors is also expanding its international footprint, established

through exports since 1961. The company’s commercial and
passenger vehicles are already being marketed in several countries
in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, South East Asia, South Asia and
South America. It has franchisee/joint venture assembly operations
in Kenya, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Russia and Senegal.
The foundation of the company’s growth over the last 50 years is a

deep understanding of economic stimuli and customer needs, and
the ability to translate them into customer-desired offerings through
leading edge R&D. With over 2,500 engineers and scientists, the
company’s Engineering Research Centre, established in 1966, has
68
enabled pioneering technologies and products. The company today
has R&D centres in Pune, Jamshedpur, Lucknow, in India, and in
South Korea, Spain, and the UK. It was Tata Motors, which
developed the first indigenously developed Light Commercial
Vehicle, India’s first Sports Utility Vehicle and, in 1998, the Tata
Indica, India’s first fully indigenous passenger car. Within two years
of launch, Tata Indica became India’s largest selling car in its
segment. In 2005, Tata Motors created a new segment by launching
the Tata Ace, India’s first indigenously developed mini-truck
In January 2008, Tata Motors unveiled its People’s Car, the Tata
Nano, which India and the world have been looking forward to. The
Tata Nano has been subsequently launched, as planned, in India in
March 2009. A development, which signifies a first for the global
automobile industry, the Nano brings the comfort and safety of a car
within the reach of thousands of families. The standard version has
been priced at Rs.100,000 (excluding VAT and transportation cost).
Designed with a family in mind, it has a roomy passenger

compartment with generous leg space and head room. It can
comfortably seat four persons. Its mono-volume design will set a
new benchmark among small cars. Its safety performance exceeds
regulatory requirements in India. Its tailpipe emission performance
too exceeds regulatory requirements. In terms of overall pollutants,
it has a lower pollution level than two-wheelers being manufactured
in India today. The lean design strategy has helped minimise
weight, which helps maximise performance per unit of energy
consumed and delivers high fuel efficiency. The high fuel efficiency
also ensures that the car has low carbon dioxide emissions, thereby
providing the twin benefits of an affordable transportation solution
with a low carbon footprint.
69
The years to come will see the introduction of several other
innovative vehicles, all rooted in emerging customer needs. Besides
product development, R&D is also focussing on environment-
friendly technologies in emissions and alternative fuels.
Through its subsidiaries, the company is engaged in engineering

and automotive solutions, construction equipment manufacturing,
automotive vehicle components manufacturing and supply chain
activities, machine tools and factory automation solutions, high-
precision tooling and plastic and electronic components for
automotive and computer applications, and automotive retailing and
service operations.
True to the tradition of the Tata Group, Tata Motors is committed in

letter and spirit to Corporate Social Responsibility. It is a signatory
to the United Nations Global Compact, and is engaged in
community and social initiatives on labour and environment
standards in compliance with the principles of the Global Compact.
In accordance with this, it plays an active role in community
development, serving rural communities adjacent to its
manufacturing locations.
With the foundation of its rich heritage, Tata Motors today is etching
a refulgent future.
Tata Indigo
Indigo with its market catching features like leather upholstery, beige
interiors, LCD screen etc has made its position in the automobile
industry.
Indigo is available in Petrol and Diesel models.
• Petrol Variants
70
o Indigo GLS
o Indigo GLX
• Diesel Variants
o Indigo LX
o Indigo LS
• Dicor Variants
o Indigo LS Dicor
o Indigo LX Dicor
Petrol Variants
Petrol engine gives maximum of 85PS @ 5500rpm with 32 bit micro

processor . It gives maximum torque of 11 kgm @ 3000rpm
Indigo GLE
It is equipped with various features like manual power steering,

manual front and rear windows, grey bumpers, half wheel covers,
partial fabric lining on seat, molded roof lining, high mounted stop
lamp etc.
Indigo GLS
This model also has various features like digital clock, anti-glare rear
view mirror, cabin lamp with spot reading lamp (front and rear) etc.
Indigo GLX
To mention few of the features present in this model along with the
features of rest of the two models, there are available power steering
and power windows, rear fog lamps, rub rails on door, full wheel
covers, both sides outer rear view mirrors, rear defogger, central
71
locking, audio warning signal for driver seat belt and many more.
Diesel Variants
It has maximum power output of 70PS @ 4500rpm and maximum

torque of 13.52 kgm @2500 rpm. It has turbo-charged Indirect
Ignition Diesel engine with inter cooler facility.
Indigo LX
It has various features like power steering and power windows (front
and rear), full wheel covers, body colored bumpers, rub rails on door,
full fabric lining on seats, molded roof lining, central locking, rear
defogger, high mounted stop lamp, audio warning signal for driver
seat belt etc.
Indigo LS
It has various features like manual front and rear windows, partial
fabric lining, fabric insert door pads, anti-submarine front seats etc.
Dicor Variants
The DICOR (common rail diesel) version of Tata Indigo is available in

two variants which has already hit th bull's eyes. The beefy & bony
structured sedan has the capacity to deliver maximum torque of
140Nm @ 1800 - 3000 rpm. The Indigo Dicor from Tata Motors has
been made apt for Indian roads especially with its driver & co
passengers oriented positive attributes such as :
• Anti-submarine front seats

• New electronic instrument cluster with engine RPM meter
72
• Rear Seat with double folding backrest
• Video player with MP3: with headrest mounted LCD screens
• 1.4-litre as rail diesel engine
Indigo LS Dicor
Tata Indigo LS Dicor features manually operated outer rear view

mirror, black dials, & Benz silver as the new pattern for console &
AC fascia. It has no mounted LCD screens.
Indigo LX Dicor
Tata Indigo LX Dicor on the other hand features manually operated

with chrome strip outer rear view window, black dials with chrome
rings & star check as the new pattern for its console & AC fascia
73
TECHNICAL SPECCATIONS OF TATA INDIGO
ENGINES
Petrol 1396 cc MPFI Petrol Engine with 32-Bit Microprocessor Max. power - 85 PS @ 5500 rpm
Max. torque - 12 Kgm @ 3500 rpm
Diesel Turbo-charged 1405 cc Indirect Injection Engine with Intercooler Max. Power - 70 PS @
4500 rpm Max. Torque - 13.5 kgm @ 2500 rpm
Dicor 32-bit microprocessor based 1396 cc DICOR(Direct Injection Common Rail) 16-valve
engine with Dual Over Head Camshafts and a Variable Geometry Turbocharger(VGT)
Max.power-70 PS@4000 rpm Max.torque - 140Nm@1800-3000 rpm
SUSPENSIONS
Front Independent McPherson strut with anti-roll bar
Rear Independent 3-link McPherson strut with anti-roll bar
STEERING
Type Rack and pinion type with collapsible steering column
Turning 5.0 m
Radius
BRAKES
Type Vacuum assisted dual circuit, diagonal split hydraulic brakes through tandem master
cylinder
Front Disc brake
Rear Drum brake
TYERS & WHEELS
Tyre size Radial Tube
Size 175/65 R14
SEATING
Front 2 persons
Rear 3 persons
CAPACITY
Fuel Tank 42 litres
Trunk 450 litres
Capacity
WEIGHT
Kerb 1155
Weight
(kg)
74
Tata Indica
Incorporating the attributes of three best selling cars, Tata Indica has
made its own mark in the fierce market of motor segment. Making of
Tata Indica Car with the concept of main distinguishing features of
three popular cars i.e., with the overall structure of Maruti Zen,
interior space like Ambassador and cost nearly to Maruti 800 was a
challenging venture for Tata Motors.
Its fully foldable rear seat has made this car more accommodating for
extra luggage.
Conception from Italian design house, I.D.E.A and TUD 5 Peugeot

power plant, Tata Indica is known for its striking features like tea drop
highlights and bisson tail lamps.
For safe and secure driving and to give proper comfort , side-impact
beams, rigid monochrome frame and child safety locks are attached
to this car.
Different Tata Indica models are:
• Tata Indica Vista (Rs. 3.5 to 4.5 lacs)*

• Tata Indica V2 (Rs. 3 to 4 lacs)*
o DLS
o DLE
• Tata Indica V2 Xeta (Rs. 2.5 to 4 lacs)*
o GL
o GLX
o GLG
o GLS
o GLE
75
• Tata Indica V2 Turbo (Rs. 3.5 to 5 lacs)*
o DLS
o DLG
o DLX
• Tata Indica V2 Dicor (Rs. 4 to 4.5 lacs)*

o DLS
o DLG
Colors available in Indica Vista are :
• Gala red
• Marine silver
• Solar orange
• Artic silver
Tata Indica Vista
New looks of Tata Indica Vista makes turn heads as well as driving
this car is a fresh new experience. It is equipped with power steering,
front power windows and is also available in three new engines with
new gear boxes. Three elements are there in new Indica Vista known
as Terra, Aqua and Aura. This car changes the way you look at style,
comfort, performance and Tata Indica V2
Tata Indica V2 with its special features and appealing looks is

capturing market rapidly.
There are two models for Tata Indica V2 :-
DLS
76
With power steering and other features like internally adjustable
OVRM, sill valence, body colored bumpers, and the wheel arch flair
have made this car comfortable and secured for driving.
DLE
Adjustable internally OVRM on the driver's side, sill valence, grey

wheel arch flairs add a new touch in terms of security as well as
elegance.
Various colors are found for this model:
• Mint White
• Flora Green
• Smoked Metal
• Arctic Silver
• Carbon Black
Tata Indica V2 Xeta

In the collection of cars of Tata motors Indica V2 Xeta has added a
new era in the world of cars. Its extra efficient Torque Advantage
petrol engine delivering 12.4 kgm torque , instant pick-up and fewer
gear changes has made its driving smoother and faster.
Its highly advanced MPFI engine has 32 bit microprocessor . It also

includes sports 12 sensor,along with a knock control sensor and this
is for controlling damage from adulterated fuel.
Its spacious cabin with ample elbow room and leg space have made
this car luxurious.
77
Indica V2 Xeta has come up with four specific models with few
differences in each:
GL
In the V2 Xeta GL variant comfort and safety aspects has been
prioritized. It incorporates some of the best features which a car
should have these days, like Anti Submarine Seats, Child safety
locks on Rear Doors, Low Fuel & High Engine Temperature warning
lamps, Remote Release of Fuel Lid Latch, Tailgate Latch and lots .
GLX
Its secured central locking system, power steering , four power
windows give the comfort as well as safety statement of this car. The
H-VAC system give nice cold feelings during the hot days. Its body
colored bumpers, OVRMs, door handles and the wheel arch flairs are
the striking features of this car.
GLG
With the different looks and almost with the alike features of the
GLX , GLG has also captured the market. It has front power window
facility.
GLS
With facilities like power steering, body colored bumpers, internally
adjustable OVRM, sill valence, wheel arch flairs, this particular model
is hitting the market.
GLE
To mention the special features of this model, it has sill valence, grey
wheel arch flairs and internally adjustable OVRM on the side of the
driver.
78
Colors are found in this model :
• Salsa Red
• Odyssey Blue
• Pastel Green
• Carbon Black
• Satin Glow
• Mint White
• Cavern Grey
• Arctic Silver
Tata Indica V2 Turbo

Featuring turbo engine to offer turbo charger, Tata motors has come
up with Indica V2 turbo.
Attributes that make turbo diesel engine more advanced are 68PS@
4500 rpm and torque of 68PS @ 4500rpm.
Indica V2 Turbo is available in three models :
DLS
This variant comes with some of the outstanding features like air
conditioning system, New Internally adjustable Outer Rear View
Mirror (ORVM) in the driver's side, Utility Tray with Coin Holder and
lots more.
DLG
DLG with its power steering and front power windows, is a very
comfortable car with its HVAC system of cooling and, is reliable car
with its central locking system.
DLX
79
DLX is the most advanced version of Indica V2 Turbo for its added
few features along with the features of DLG. Its leathered wrapped
steering, luxurious seats and adjustable headrest provide total
comfort of long-driving.
Colors that are vibrant and eye catching, are available in the
following shades:
• Salsa Red
• Amazon Blue
• Mint White
• Cavern Grey
• Arctic Silver
• Carbon Black
Tata Indica V2 Dicor

Tata V2 Indica with its exceptional features and eye-catching visual
aspects is ruling i the market. Its two variants are DLG and DLS. It is
equipped with various exceptional features viz. New clear lens head
& tail lamps, internal antenna,New Clear Lens Head Lamps, Side
Intrusion beam on all 4 Doors, Anti - submarine seats, etc.
Indica V2 Dicor is available in two models :
DLS
In this era of advanced and innovative four-vheelers, DLS is running
on the top with its exceeding characteristics. In addition to above
mentioned features, it incorporates special Air Conditioning System
to provide you with more easiness and comfort.
DLG
It has earned a popularity among the buyers with its market
captivating appearance and few spectacular characteristics. It is fitted
80
with Ventilation and Air Conditioning system, Rear demister, New
Front fog Lamps and Audio Warnings - Key-in belt not fastened /key-
out head lamps on & door open / key-in door open. To enhance the
comfort level, it is outfitted with -
• Door trims with fabric inserts

• Map pocket with card holder
• Heating
• Rear seat backrest folding and refolding facility with 60:40 split
seat
• Adjustable head rests on rear seat Safety
• Delayed turn - off roof lamp
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF TATA INDICA
Tata Indica Indica V2 Indica V2

Indica V2 Indica V2 Xeta
Vista Turbo Dicor
Engine
475 IDI with 475 SI Multi Point Tata 1.4
Microprocessor Fuel Injection Direct
475 IDI Turbo 475 Turbo
Type based Engine System with 32- Injection
Intercooled Diesel Diesel
Management bit Common Rail
System (ECU) microprocessor Diesel Engine
No. of Cylinders 4 cyclinder - - 4 inline -
Piston
1405 cc 1405 cc. 1396 cc. 1405 cc -
Displacement
DLS:62 PS @
4500 rpm
Maximum 71 PS @ 4500 53.5 PS @ 5500 70 PS @ 4800 DLG:68 PS 70 PS @
Output : rpm rpm rpm @ 4500 rpm 4000 rpm
DLX:68 PS @
4500 rpm
DLX:13 kgm
@ 2500 rpm
DLG:13 kgm 14.3 Kgm @
Maximum 135 Nm @ 2500 85 Nm @ 2500 12.4 kgm@ 2600
@ 2500 rpm 1800 - 3000
Torque : rpm rpm rpm
DLS:12.5 rpm
kgm @ 2500
rpm
Compression
- - 21:1 -
Ratio
KerbWeight
Kerb Weight TDI 1135 995 kg 995 kg 1050 kg DLS DiCOR -
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1100 kg &
DLG DiCOR -
1105 kg
Steering
Power Assisted
Rack and
Type Rack & Pinion - - - Rack & Pinion
pinion
Hydraullic
Turning Radius - - - 4.9 m 4.9 m
Transmission
Synchromesh 5 forward, 1 5 forward, 1
Type - -
with over drive reverse reverse
Suspension
Independent, Independent,
Wish Bone Wish Bone
type with type with
Front Suspension - -
McPherson McPherson
strut, Antiroll Strut, Anti-
Bar roll bar
Independent, Independent,
Semi trailing Semi-trailing
Independent; arm with coil arm with coil
Lower Wishbone; spring spring
Rear Suspension - -
McPherson Strut mounted on mounted on
withCoil Spring hydraulic hydraulic
shock shock
absorbers absorbers
Brakes
Dual Circuit,
Dual Circuit, diagonal split
Vacuum Assisted
diagonally hydraulic
Independent Dual
split, brakes
Type Curcuit, Diagonal - -
vacuum through
Split, Hydraulic
assisted with tandem
Brake
PCR valves master
cylinder
Ventilated Ventilated
Front Brakes - -
Disc disc
Rear Brakes - - Drum Drum
Tyres
Type Radial Tubeless - - Radial Radial
165 X 65 R
Tyre Size : TDI-175/65 R14 - - 165/65 R 14
14
165 X 65 R
Tyre Size : - - -
13
FuelTank
Capacity 37 liters - - 37 litres 37 litres
Seating
Capacity Five - - Five Five
82
Dimensions
Width 1695 mm - - 1665 mm 1485mm
Height 1550 mm - - 1485 mm 1500mm
Wheelbase 2470 mm - - 2400 mm 2400mm
Ground Clearance 165 mm - - -
Length 3795 mm - - 3675 mm 3690mm
Tata Indigo XL
Price range : 5.2 to 7.7 lakhs
Tata Indigo XL is the latest model to have hit the booming auto
sector. Well equipped with cutting edge technological inputs, the car
has created a stir with its sleek design & special features. Tata
motors have definitely come up with one of their best models ever in
according with the international standards. This car is luxurious,
classy, attractive and quiet spacious in nature. Also, this car creates
an instant impact on any true car lover with its refined interiors,
upholstery and equipment levels.
Features :
Tata Indigo XL is equipped with excellent high end characteristics like
:
• 32 bit microprocessor
• 1396 cc , 16 valve engine
• Power of 100 PS
• 200 mm wheel base
• Fuel tank capacity : 42 ltrs
83
Colors :
Different colors available in Tata Indigo XL are :
• Royal burgundy
• Carbon black
• Ivory white
• Arctic silver
Variants :
Tata Indigo Classic : Tata Indigo Grand :
Tata Indigo Classic

This variant is available in both petrol and Dicor engines, equipped
with certain characteristics such as :
• Rear AC console
• Power windows
• Multi focal reflector
• Chrome inserted doors
• 6 way manual adjustable seats
• Steel wheel rim with wheel cap
Tata Indigo Grand

Besides features available in classic variant this car is available with
assorted and some distinguished characteristics such as :
• Integrated seat mounted LCD screens and DVD player

• Advanced car kit
• Voice tag activation
• Audio line out
• Ignition sense detection
• 6 way powered adjustable seats
• 9 spoke alloy wheels
84
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF TATA INDIGO XL
Grand Petrol Grand Classic Classic

Diesel Petrol Diesel
ENGINE
1396 cc MPFI 1396 cc 1396 cc MPFI 1396 cc
16 Valve Twin DICOR 16 Valve Twin DICOR
Cam with 32 (Direct Cam with 32 (Direct
-bit Injection -bit Injection
Microprocessor Common Microprocessor Common
Rail) Rail)
Max. 101PS @ 70PS @ 101PS @ 70PS @
power 6100rpm 4000rpm 6100rpm 4000rpm
Max.torque 124Nm @ 140Nm 124Nm @ 140Nm
3500rpm @ 1800- 3500rpm @ 1800-
3000rpm 3000rpm
Steering
Type Rack and Pinion Type Rack and Pinion Type
with Collapsible Steering with Collapsible Steering
Column Column
Turning 5.5 m 5.5 m
Radius
Suspension
Front Independent Mcpherson Independent Mcpherson
Strut with Coil Spring Strut with Coil Spring
and Anti-roll Bar and Anti-roll Bar
Rear Independent 3-link Independent 3-link
Mcpherson strut with Mcpherson strut with
Anti-roll Bar Anti-roll Bar
Dimensions
Length 4377 mm 4377 mm
Width 1620 mm 1620 mm
Height 1540 mm 1540 mm
Wheelbase 2650 mm 2650 mm
Ground 165 mm 165 mm
Clearance
Trunk 450 lts 450 lts
Capacity
Fuel Tank 42 lts 42 lts
Capacity
Brakes
Type Vacuum Assisted Dual Vacuum Assisted Dual
Circuit, Diagonal Split Circuit, Diagonal Split
Hydraulic Brakes Hydraulic Brakes
through Tandem Master through Tandem Master
Cylinder acting on all Cylinder acting on all
Four Wheels Four Wheels
Front Disc Brake Disc Brake
85
Rear Drum Brake Drum Brake
Tyres & Wheels

Type Tubeless Tubeless
Size 175/65 R14 175/65 R14
Wheel Type 9 Spoke Alloy Wheels Steel Wheel Rims with
(All 4 Wheels plus Wheelcap (All 4 Wheels
Spare wheel) plus Spare wheel)
Seating
Front 2 Persons 2 Persons
Rear 3 Persons 3 Persons
Adjustable 6 way Powered 6 way Manual
Seats
Weight
Kerb Weight 1150 kg 1185kg 1130 kg 1165 kg
Gross 1550 kg 1585 kg 1530 kg 1565 kg
Vehicle
Weight
Tata Indigo Marina

Indigo Marina being one of the market catching car in the category of
utility vehicles is the perfect blend of luxury and space.
It is categorized according to the fuel used in this car :
• Indigo Marina LS-Diesel

• Indigo Marina -Petrol
o Indigo Marina GLS
o Indigo Marina GLX
• Indigo Marina LX DICOR
Indigo Marina -Diesel
This category car is with turbocharged 1405cc indirect ignition diesel

engine having capacity of maximum output of 70PS @ 4500 rpm and
maximum torque of 13.5 kgm@ 2500 rpm.
86
Indigo Marina LS
It has various advanced features like front and rear cabin lamp with
spot reading lamp, aluminum gear shift knob, HVAC system, 4 spoke
wheel, manual rear and front windows, body colored bumpers, black
door handles, roof rails, rub rails on door, full wheel covers, digital
clock, partial fabric seats, retractable luggage cover, side impact
beams, collapsible steering column etc.
Indigo Marina -Petrol
Fully equipped with 32 bit micro processor and 1405 cc MPFI Petrol
engine, this variant delivers maximum power of 85 PS @ 5500 rpm
and maximum torque of 11kgm @ 3000 rpm.
Indigo Marina GLS
This model along with the features of Indigo Marina GLE comes with
various other features like HVAC system, aluminum gear shift knob, 4
spoke wheel, power steering, body colored bumpers, rub rails on
door, full wheel covers, stylish grip and cover for hand brake lever
etc.
Indigo Marina GLX
Indigo Marina GLX is equipped with several added features apart

from the features of Indigo Marina GLS like front and rear central
locking, leather wrapped gear shift knob, rear ash tray, 4 spoke beige
leather wrapped wheel, power windows, body colored door handles,
AC fascia with cubic print, engine compartment lamp, overhead utility
box, beige full fabric seats, front and rear fog lamps, rear defogger,
rear washer and wiper etc.
87
Indigo Marina LX Dicor
The new Dicor version of Tata Indigo Marina is in many ways similar
to the Tata Indigo's Dicor version. Exhibiting a new head with an
intake system, the classy sedan can yield maximum power of 70 PS /
4000 rpm with its 32-bit microprocessor based comprising of 1366 cc
DICOR (Direct Injection Common Rail), 16-valve engine featuring the
Dual Over Head Camshafts and a Variable Geometry Turbocharger
(VGT).
Other Features
• Maximum torque of 140 NM @ 1800-3000 rpm

• Scuff plates for front, rear & for tail gate sill
• Low level fuel and high coolant temperature indicator
• Anti-submarine type front seats
• Audio warnings-'key in-door open' & 'key out-door open-head
lamps on'
• Audio-visual warning for driver's seat belt
88
HONDA MOTORS LTD
89
Honda In India
Honda.co.in
Honda Siel Cars India Ltd.,

(HSCI) was incorporated in
December 1995 as a joint
venture between Honda
Motor Co. Ltd., Japan and
Siel Limited, a Siddharth
Shriram Group company, with a commitment to providing Honda’s
latest passenger car models and technologies, to the Indian
customers. The Honda City, its first offering introduced in 1997,
revolutionized the Indian passenger car market and has ever since
been recognized as an engineering marvel in the Indian automobile
industry. The success of City as well as all its other models has led
HSCI to become the leading premium car manufacturer in India. The
total investment made by the company in India till date is Rs. 1620
crores, further investment of RS. 1000 crore is planned and being
currently invested for the coming second plant in Rajasthan. The
company has a capacity of manufacturing 100,000 cars.
90
Showcase Manufacturing Facility
HSCI’s state-of-the-art manufacturing unit was set up in 1997 at

Greater Noida, U.P with an investment of Rs. 450 crore. The green-
field project is spread across 150 acres of land (over 6,00,000 sq.
m.).
The initial installed capacity of the plant was 30,000 cars per annum,
which was thereafter increased to 50,000 cars on a two-shift basis.
The capacity has further been enhanced to 1,00,000 units annually in
February 2008 . The capacity expansion was necessitated by the
excellent performance of all the Honda models, particularly the
growing demand for City in India. Several modifications were done
by the company with the objective of offering higher quality products
to its customers, faster and quicker. The expansion process also
included expansion of the covered area in the plant, from 1,07,000
sq. m. to 1,31,794 sq. m.
HSCI currently produces the All New City, Civic and Accord models
in India and the premium SUV, CR-V is sold as a fully imported unit
from Japan.
The company operates under the stringent standards of ISO 9001 for
quality management and ISO 14001 for environment management.
Sales and Distribution Network
91
Honda Siel Cars India has a strong sales and distribution network
spread across the country. The network includes 103 facilities in 60
cities. HSCI dealerships are based on the “3S Facility” (Sales,
Service, Spares) format, offering complete range of services to
its customers.
The City is manufactured with 74% indigenisation level
Product Range
Honda Siel Cars’ product range in India includes the All new City in
the mid-size segment, Civic in the Lower D segment and Accord in
the luxury segment and third generation all-new CR-V (both 2.0L 2
WD and 2.4L 4WD) in the SUV segment. While the All New City ,
Civic and Accord are manufactured at the company’s plant, the CR-V
is imported from Japan as a Completely Built Unit.
Honda City ZX
Outperform
92
Honda City ZX is one of the stylish sedan with
sophisticated and trendy exterior. It boasts marvelous
interiors - luxurious and relaxing. It gives superior
performance with VTEC (Variable Valve Timing and Lift
Electronic Control) engine at all speeds and varying
conditions.
The vehicle has good maneuverability which suits the

Indian roads. It has a very good front suspension with
unique lateral force canceling spring and H-torsion beam at the rear
enhances stability and comfort. The AC system is also at the top of
its class.
All New Honda City: Making awe-

inspiring changes in the design and
technology, Honda has introduced its
classy model of City in a whole new
avatar. More eye-catching front face adds an element of dynamism in
the over all outlook of Honda City. It has been refined to become
more aerodynamic, inspired by the arrow-shot form, for better
performance on the road. Tilt steering wheel with integrated controls,
digital console, sporty dash board panel not only looks attractive but
also makes the interiors of all new City more pleasurable. The all
new Honda city car comes packed with 16 valve I-VTEC engine that
pumps out a fuel efficient power output of 118 ps@6600 rpms with
torque of 146Nm@4800 rpms. The price range of all new Honda City
starts from Rs. 8.15 Lacs upto Rs. 9.50 Lacs.
Company Name Segment USP

Honda Siel Cars India Ltd. (HSCI) Sedan Fuel Economy
93
Model Variants
• City ZX EXi
• City ZX GXi
• City ZX CVT
• City ZX VTEC
• City IVTEC
Color Variants
• Alabaster Silver
• Galaxy Grey
• Nighthawk Black
• New Warm Silver
• Royal Ruby Red
• Tafeta White
• Bluish Silver (VTEC)
Price Tag
Model Variants New Delhi Kolkata Chennai Mumbai

City ZX EXi Rs. 669757.675 Rs.681539.499 Rs.687662.977 Rs.706163.175
City ZX GXi Rs. 716722.848 Rs.728302.722 Rs.734569.661 Rs.754857.722
City ZX CVT Rs. 776750.045 Rs.788071.802 Rs.794522.102 Rs.817095.270
City ZX VTEC Rs. 789520.041 Rs.800786.887 Rs.807276.195 Rs.830335.488
94
(Please Note: The price range is ex-showroom and based on the
close approximation. Please check the latest prices and variant
specifications with your dealer)
Alternative Drives:-
• Mitsubishi Lancer
• Hyundai Accent
Safety:-
• The fuel tank is located in the middle of the vehicle to give

enough distance from both the front and rear impact in case of
a collision.
• It is fully equipped with pedestrian safety systems.
• Have neck shock mitigation seats.
• It has been designed to soften the impact of collision from any
direction.
95
GENERAL MOTORS INDIA LTD
96
General Motors
Incepted in 1908, General Motors has captured the forefront of

technological innovations in the automotive sector. The company has
always stood a shade above the rest. In 1911, it introduced the
electric self-starter, in 1933, developed the front wheel suspension,
called the Knee – Action. With around 17% share in the world of auto
market, General Motors is a global leader among car manufacturer.
Their products are being exported in over 170 countries and its
manufacturing base is spread across 43 countries. The company has
an annual production of about 85 lacs.
The many variants of the company are Cadillac, Oldsmobile,

Chevrolet, Pontaic, Holden, Vauxhall, Geo, Opel, Saturn and many
more. In 1975, it initiated the installation of the industry's first catalytic
converters in all cars in U.S. The company delivered “The GM EV1”-
the first electric vehicle to the world. EVJ (an electric passenger
vehicle) is the most latest invention of General Motors.
In 1994, General Motors India was formed as a result of

collaboration between General Motors Corporation and C.K. Birla
Group of Companies. Its manufacturing plant was located at Halol, 40
km north of Vadodara in Gujarat. GM India has introduced the latest
manufacturing methods and human factor practices to its this plant
and therefore is the benchmark for advanced technologies in the
Indian automotive industry. The company was formed with a total
investment of 100 million dollars.
General Motors has perfectly combined Indian creativity, American

management and German engineering and produced premium
automobiles in a world class manufacturing atmosphere. Its Opel
97
Astra is the best selling model worldwide and the third best selling car
ever produced.
The company possess a widely distributed dealer network and fully

functional after sales support system. They provide solid backing for
their customers after they purchase the product and help assure total
customer satisfaction and enthusiasm.
Chevrolet Aveo
With the assurance of safety and technologically advanced equipments, Chevrolet Aveo
provides complete statement of reliability and efficiency. Safety features like tailor
welded blanks, high- strength steel structure, B-pillar, height adjustable safety belt
anchors, rear child safety door locks, front safety belt pretensioners etc really confirm
the security of the passenger.
It has four variants:-
• Aveo 1.4 E*
• Aveo 1.4
• Aveo 1.4 LS
• Avon 1.6 LT
Aveo 1.4 E*
It is well equipped with 1.4L DOHC 94 PS, 5 Speed MT, chrome

radiator grille, wide 185/60 R14 tyres, pullout type door handle, two
tone beige interiors, power steering and power window, central
locking, rear defogger with timer, remote trunk lid opener, engine
service soon indicator etc.
Aveo 1.4
98
Its added, more modified features than the lesser upgraded model
are like HVAC, tilt steering column etc.
Aveo 1.4 LS
It has striking features like fog lamps; body color door handles and
outside rear view mirrors; electric trunk release; silver finish on IP,
door trim and floor console; sun glass holder; height adjustable
driver's seat; headlamp/ seatbelt/ key inside reminder, single DIN
Radio MP3 player etc.
Aveo 1.6 LT
Its main mentionable features along with the other features which are
associated with the rest of the models, are 1.6L DOHC 102 PS, 5
speed MT; double DIN MP3 system with 6 speakers; rear spoiler with
CHMSL; chrome coated exterior handles and trunk lid garnish ; 14"
alloy wheels; electrically adjustable OVRM; wood finish on IP and
door trim; car alarm and key less entry system etc.
99
3 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
100
3.1 Title of the study:- “The study of consumer buying behavior
towards small & medium car segment” The study showing the
consumer buying behavior in small & medium car segment. with
special reference to Maruti Suzuki India ltd It describe the attitude
behind the purchasing of car by any middle income level segment.
This research is done at jaipur
3.2 Duration of the study:- In March 2009, I have been

assigned a project on the consumer buying behavior towards small &
medium car segment as a part of our course curriculum.the duratiion
of the research is apprkox 45 days
3.3 Objective of the study:- The basic objective of the project

during the research and study will be focused on the following
parameters:
• To know consume preference regarding small & medium cars

• Effect of brand image (Maruti Suzuki)in buying behavior
101
3.4 Type of research: - It refers to the search for knowledge. It

can be defined as scientific and systematic search for pertinent
information on a specific topic. It is careful investigation or inquiry
through search for new facts of any branch of knowledge.
Research plays an important role in the project work.
The results of the project are completely based upon the research of
the facts and figures collected through the different ways of research.
That is why it is also called a movement from known to
unknown. Research is the original contribution to the existing stock of
knowledge. This section includes the overall research design, the
sampling procedure, the data collection method, the field method,
and analysis and procedure.
RESEARCH is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent

information on a specific topic. It is also said to be the pursuit of truth
with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment.
research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research
problem.
Research design;- A research design is a framework or blueprint for

conducting the marketing research project. It details the procedures
necessary for obtaining the required information, and its purpose is to
design a study that will test the hypotheses of interest, determine
possible answers to the research questions, and provide the
information needed for decision making. Conducting exploratory
research, precisely defining the variables, and designing appropriate
scales to measure them are also a part of the research design. The
issue of how the data should be obtained from the respondents (for
102
example, by conducting a survey or an experiment) must be
addressed. It is also necessary to design a questionnaire and a
sampling plan to select respondents for the study.
Research can classified in one of three categories:

 Exploratory research
 Descriptive research
 Causal research
These classifications are made according to the objective of the
research. In some cases the research will fall into one of these
categories, but in other cases different phases of the same research
project will fall into different categories.
 Exploratory research has the goal of formulating problems
more precisely, clarifying concepts, gathering explanations,
gaining insight, eliminating impractical ideas, and forming
hypotheses. Exploratory research can be performed using a
literature search, surveying certain people about their
experiences, focus groups, and case studies. When surveying
people, exploratory research studies would not try to acquire a
representative sample, but rather, seek to interview those who
are knowledgeable and who might be able to provide insight
concerning the relationship among variables. Case studies can
include contrasting situations or benchmarking against an
organization known for its excellence. Exploratory research
may develop hypotheses, but it does not seek to test them.
Exploratory research is characterized by its flexibility.
 Descriptive research is more rigid than exploratory research
and seeks to describe users of a product, determine the
proportion of the population that uses a product, or predict
future demand for a product. As opposed to exploratory
research, descriptive research should define questions, people
103
surveyed, and the method of analysis prior to beginning data
collection. In other words, the who, what, where, when, why,
and how aspects of the research should be defined. Such
preparation allows one the opportunity to make any required
changes before the costly process of data collection has
begun.
There are two basic types of descriptive research: longitudinal
studies and cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies are time
series analyses that make repeated measurements of the same
individuals, thus allowing one to monitor behavior such as brand-
switching. However, longitudinal studies are not necessarily
representative since many people may refuse to participate because
of the commitment required. Cross-sectional studies sample the
population to make measurements at a specific point in time. A
special type of cross-sectional analysis is a cohort analysis, which
tracks an aggregate of individuals who experience the same event
within the same time interval over time. Cohort analyses are useful
for long-term forecasting of product demand.
 Causal research seeks to find cause and effect relationships
between variables. It accomplishes this goal through
laboratory and field experiments.
Here I use descriptive type of research design
3.5 Sample size and method of selecting sample

Sample size:- Sampling is simply the process of learning
about population on the basis of learning about population on the
basis of a sample drawn from it. The primary objective of the
sampling survey is to obtain accurate and reliable information about
universe with minimum cost, time and energy and to set out the limits
of accuracy of such estimates.
104
For sampling I have chosen non-probability sampling technique.
Non probability sampling is based on the personal judgment. Under
this method a desired number of sample units are selected
deliberately depending upon the object of the enquiry so that only the
important items representing the true characteristics of the population
are included in the sample.
Non-probability sampling is of two types:-
• purposive sampling quota
• convenience sampling
I have chosen convenience sampling under non-probability sampling
technique keeping all constrains in mind a sample size of 50 people
is selected from Jaipur. This sample contains a mix type of
customer (Servicemen, student and businessmen) so as to remove
any type be biased results. Research for the Importance of the Brand
image of the company’s which is kept in mind by customers while
buying any product. As two-wheeler is a durable thing, the customer
interacts with the company only for little time. Therefore it becomes
very difficult to get the actual feedback from the customer. That’s why
I have designed a Questionnaire for the customers. As customer is
king of the market. Today every product is made according to desire
or need of the company. And customers have varied taste. Only
consumers’ satisfaction can predict the actual scenario of the market.
Method of selecting sample :- Two methods of collecting data used

for this research are as follows: -
• PRIMARY DATA – Data is collected primarily through
personal contact, meeting, interview and questionnaire with
the concerned authority of the organization and
respondents’.
105
• SECONDARY DATA – Data are collected through
secondary modes such as various published data, reports,
related books and websites.
3.6 Scope of study:- The scope of the project during the

research and study will be focused on the following parameters:
• To know consume preference regarding small & medium cars

• Effect of brand image (Maruti Suzuki)in buying behavior
3.6 Limitation of study:-Every research study has its limitations

likewise this research has some limitation .These are
• The sample consists of 50 customers and was restricted to
people residing in Jaipur.as study is restricted to the Jaipur
• Sample of the population (universe)might be nkot the
representative of whole
• This study is conducted before the launching of TATA Nano
• Customer perception is not always static.They frequently

change their attitude
• Selection of car is also depends on income level of
respondents
• This research is based on current economic condition which is
not seem to be good
106
4.
Theoretical
framework
107
Consumer behavior:- It is the study of when, why, how, where
and what people do or do not buy products. It blends elements from
psychology, sociology, social, anthropology and economics. It
attempts to understand the buyer decision making process, both
individually and in groups. It studies characteristics of individual
consumers such as demographics and behavioral variables in an
attempt to understand people's wants. It also tries to assess
influences on the consumer from groups such as family, friends,
reference groups, and society in general. Customer behavior study is
based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing the
three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer. Relationship marketing
is an influential asset for customer behavior analysis as it has a keen
interest in the re-discovery of the true meaning of marketing through
the re-affirmation of the importance of the customer or buyer. A
greater importance is also placed on consumer retention, customer
relationship management, personalization, customization and one-to-
one marketing. Social functions can be categorized into social choice
108
and welfare functions. Each method for vote counting is assumed as
a social function but if Arrow’s possibility theorem is used for a social
function, social welfare function is achieved. Some specifications of
the social functions are decisiveness, neutrality, anonymity,
monotonocity, unanimity, homogeneity and weak and strong
Paretooptimality. No social choice function meets these requirements
in an ordinal scale simultaneously. The most important characteristic
of a social function is identification of the interactive effect of
alternatives and creating a logical relation with the ranks. Marketing
provides services in order to satisfy customers. With that in mind, the
productive system is considered from its beginning at the production
level, to the end of the cycle, the consumer (Kioumarsi et al., 2009).
Belch and Belch define consumer behavior as 'the process and

activities people engage in when searching for, selecting, purchasing,
using, evaluating, and disposing of products and services so as to
satisfy their needs and desires'
The study of consumers helps firms and organizations improve their

marketing strategies by understanding issues such as how
• The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and
select between different alternatives (e.g., brands, products);
• The psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or
her environment (e.g., culture, family, signs, media);
• The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other
marketing decisions;
• Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing
abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome;
• How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ
between products that differ in their level of importance or
interest that they entail for the consumer; and
109
• How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing
campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach
the consumer.
One "official" definition of consumer behavior is "The study of
individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to
select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences,
or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have
on the consumer and society."
Information Search and Decision Making
Problem Recognition. One model of consumer decision making

involves several steps. The first one is problem recognition—you
realize that something is not as it should be. Perhaps, for example,
your car is getting more difficult to start and is not accelerating well.
The second step is information search—what are some alternative
ways of solving the problem? You might buy a new car, buy a used
car, take your car in for repair, ride the bus, ride a taxi, or ride a
skateboard to work. The third step involves evaluation of
alternatives. A skateboard is inexpensive, but may be ill-suited for
long distances and for rainy days. Finally, we have the purchase
stage, and sometimes a post-purchase stage (e.g., you return a
product to the store because you did not find it satisfactory). In
reality, people may go back and forth between the stages. For
example, a person may resume alternative identification during while
evaluating already known alternatives.
110
Consumer involvement will tend to vary dramatically depending on
the type of product. In general, consumer involvement will be higher
for products that are very expensive (e.g., a home, a car) or are
highly significant in the consumer’s life in some other way (e.g., a
word processing program or acne medication).
It is important to consider the consumer’s motivation for buying

products. To achieve this goal, we can use the Means-End chain,
wherein we consider a logical progression of consequences of
product use that eventually lead to desired end benefit. Thus, for
example, a consumer may see that a car has a large engine, leading
to fast acceleration, leading to a feeling of performance, leading to a
feeling of power, which ultimately improves the consumer’s self-
esteem. A handgun may aim bullets with precision, which enables
the user to kill an intruder, which means that the intruder will not be
able to harm the consumer’s family, which achieves the desired end-
state of security. In advertising, it is important to portray the desired
end-states. Focusing on the large motor will do less good than
portraying a successful person driving the car.
111
Information search and decision making. Consumers engage in
both internal and external information search.
Internal search involves the consumer identifying alternatives from

his or her memory. For certain low involvement products, it is very
important that marketing programs achieve “top of mind” awareness.
For example, few people will search the Yellow Pages for fast food
restaurants; thus, the consumer must be able to retrieve one’s
restaurant from memory before it will be considered. For high
involvement products, consumers are more likely to use an external
search. Before buying a car, for example, the consumer may ask
friends’ opinions, read reviews in Consumer Reports, consult several
web sites, and visit several dealerships. Thus, firms that make
products that are selected predominantly through external search
must invest in having information available to the consumer in need—
e.g., through brochures, web sites, or news coverage.
A compensatory decision involves the consumer “trading off” good

and bad attributes of a product. For example, a car may have a low
price and good gas mileage but slow acceleration. If the price is
112
sufficiently inexpensive and gas efficient, the consumer may then
select it over a car with better acceleration that costs more and uses
more gas. Occasionally, a decision will involve a non-compensatory
strategy. For example, a parent may reject all soft drinks that contain
artificial sweeteners. Here, other good features such as taste and
low calories cannot overcome this one “non-negotiable” attribute.
The amount of effort a consumer puts into searching depends on a

number of factors such as the market (how many competitors are
there, and how great are differences between brands expected to
be?), product characteristics (how important is this product? How
complex is the product? How obvious are indications of quality?),
consumer characteristics (how interested is a consumer, generally, in
analyzing product characteristics and making the best possible
deal?), and situational characteristics (as previously discussed).
Two interesting issues in decisions are:
• Variety seeking (where consumers seek to try new brands not

because these brands are expected to be “better” in any way,
but rather because the consumer wants a “change of pace,”
and
• “Impulse” purchases—unplanned buys. This represents a
somewhat “fuzzy” group. For example, a shopper may plan to
buy vegetables but only decide in the store to actually buy
broccoli and corn. Alternatively, a person may buy an item
which is currently on sale, or one that he or she remembers
that is needed only once inside the store.
A number of factors involve consumer choices. In some cases,

consumers will be more motivated. For example, one may be more
careful choosing a gift for an in-law than when buying the same thing
for one self. Some consumers are also more motivated to
113
comparison shop for the best prices, while others are more
convenience oriented. Personality impacts decisions. Some like
variety more than others, and some are more receptive to stimulation
and excitement in trying new stores. Perception influences
decisions. Some people, for example, can taste the difference
between generic and name brand foods while many cannot.
Selective perception occurs when a person is paying attention only to
information of interest. For example, when looking for a new car, the
consumer may pay more attention to car ads than when this is not in
the horizon. Some consumers are put off by perceived risk. Thus,
many marketers offer a money back guarantee. Consumers will tend
to change their behavior through learning—e.g., they will avoid
restaurants they have found to be crowded and will settle on brands
that best meet their tastes. Consumers differ in the values they hold
(e.g., some people are more committed to recycling than others who
will not want to go through the hassle). We will consider the issue of
lifestyle under segmentation.
Apart from all this car buying behavior is largely influence by friends
and family
So family decision making is also important.So lets have a look on it
The Family Life Cycle. Individuals and families tend to go through a

"life cycle:" The simple life cycle goes from
114
For purposes of this discussion, a "couple" may either be married or
merely involve living together. The breakup of a non-marital
relationship involving cohabitation is similarly considered equivalent
to a divorce.
In real life, this situation is, of course, a bit more complicated. For
example, many couples undergo divorce. Then we have one of the
scenarios:
Single parenthood can result either from divorce or from the death of
one parent. Divorce usually entails a significant change in the relative
wealth of spouses. In some cases,
the non-custodial parent (usually
the father) will not pay the required
child support, and even if he or
she does, that still may not leave
the custodial parent and children
as well off as they were during the marriage. On the other hand, in
some cases, some non-custodial parents will be called on to pay a
large part of their income in child support. This is particularly a
problem when the non-custodial parent remarries and has additional
115
children in the second (or subsequent marriages). In any event,
divorce often results in a large demand for:
• Low cost furniture and household items

• Time-saving goods and services
Divorced parents frequently remarry, or become involved in other

non-marital relationships; thus, we may see
Another variation involves
Here, the single parent who assumes responsibility for one or more
children may not form a relationship with the other parent of the child.
Integrating all the possibilities discussed, we get the following

depiction of the Family Life Cycle:
116
Generally, there are two main themes in the Family Life Cycle,
subject to significant exceptions:
• As a person gets older, he or she tends to advance in his or

her career and tends to get greater income (exceptions:
maternity leave, divorce, retirement).
• Unfortunately, obligations also tend to increase with time (at
least until one’s mortgage has been paid off). Children and
paying for one’s house are two of the greatest expenses.
Note that although a single person may have a lower income than a
married couple, the single may be able to buy more discretionary
items.
Family Decision Making. Individual members of families often serve

different roles in decisions that ultimately draw on shared family
resources. Some individuals are information gatherers/holders, who
seek out information about products of relevance. These individuals
often have a great deal of power because they may selectively pass
on information that favors their chosen alternatives. Influencers do
not ultimately have the power decide between alternatives, but they
may make their wishes known by asking for specific products or
causing embarrassing situations if their demands are not met. The
decision maker(s) have the power to determine issues such as:
117
• Whether to buy;
• Which product to buy (pick-up or passenger car?);
• Which brand to buy;
• Where to buy it; and
• When to buy.
Note, however, that the role of the decision maker is separate from
that of the purchaser. From the point of view of the marketer, this
introduces some problems since the purchaser can be targeted by
point-of-purchase (POP) marketing efforts that cannot be aimed at
the decision maker. Also note that the distinction between the
purchaser and decision maker may be somewhat blurred:
• The decision maker may specify what kind of product to buy,

but not which brand;
• The purchaser may have to make a substitution if the desired
brand is not in stock;
• The purchaser may disregard instructions (by error or
deliberately).
It should be noted that family decisions are often subject to a great

deal of conflict. The reality is that few families are wealthy enough to
avoid a strong tension between demands on the family’s resources.
Conflicting pressures are especially likely in families with children
and/or when only one spouse works outside the home. Note that
many decisions inherently come down to values, and that there is
frequently no "objective" way to arbitrate differences. One spouse
may believe that it is important to save for the children’s future; the
other may value spending now (on private schools and computer
equipment) to help prepare the children for the future. Who is right?
There is no clear answer here. The situation becomes even more
118
complex when more parties—such as children or other relatives—are
involved.
Some family members may resort to various strategies to get their

way. One is bargaining—one member will give up something in return
for someone else. For example, the wife says that her husband can
take an expensive course in gourmet cooking if she can buy a new
pickup truck. Alternatively, a child may promise to walk it every day if
he or she can have a hippopotamus. Another strategy is reasoning—
trying to get the other person(s) to accept one’s view through logical
argumentation. Note that even when this is done with a sincere
intent, its potential is limited by legitimate differences in values
illustrated above. Also note that individuals may simply try to "wear
down" the other party by endless talking in the guise of reasoning
(this is a case of negative reinforcement as we will see
subsequently). Various manipulative strategies may also be used.
One is impression management, where one tries to make one’s side
look good (e.g., argue that a new TV will help the children see
educational TV when it is really mostly wanted to see sports
programming, or argue that all "decent families make a contribution
to the church"). Authority involves asserting one’s "right" to make a
decision (as the "man of the house," the mother of the children, or the
one who makes the most money). Emotion involves making an
emotional display to get one’s way (e.g., a man cries if his wife will
not let him buy a new rap album).
119
5.ANALYSIS
&
INTERPRETATION
120
Interpretation
Objective of the study : Consumer buying behavior towards

small & medium car segment
For this research project ,I choose the questionnaire as

research tool and take 50 participants who either willing to buy a
car or having a car in small and middle segment. So the findings
are as follows
Q. 1 Do you use cars?
121
Interpretation;-Among 50 participants,84% respondents are
currently having car .Through we can find out the potential
market for car manufacturing companies
Q.2 Which car do you use?
Interpretation:-Among 84% respondents who having his own

car
• 43% participants are having Maruti,
• 29% are owning Hyundai,
• 19% are having Tata,
• 7% are owing Gm and rest are the customer of Honda

Motors
Q.3 Is the present car up to your expectations?
122
Interpretation:-
• Approx 79% participants are satisfied with their current
car i.e. their expectation are fulfilled by the car and rest
are unsatisfied with their car performance
• Some factor like mileage ,performance and easy

servicing fulfill their expectation
123
Q. 4 Are you planning to buy a new car in the near future?
Interpretation:-
Every person wants to buy a car for himself or for his family. My
research is focus on middle income prospects and thus
• 74% respondents are planning to buy a new car
• 26% respondents are not willing to buy new car in near

future
124
Q. 5 Which brand would you prefer?
Interpretation:- Among 50 participants

• 54%of respondents prefer to buy a car of Maruti
• 30% participants like to purchase a car of Hyundai
• 20% respondants prefer TATA brand (Research is

conducted before the launching of nano )
• 12% and 4 % are preferring ratio for respectively GM cars

and Honda cars
125
Q. 6 Why would you prefer the above mentioned car?
Reason for preferance
26% 24%
Mileage
Looks and style
Comfort
Service and spares
10% Other
2%
38%
Interpretation:-The reason for the preference, among 50

respondents
• 38% preferred mileage follow by looks and style as 26%
• Comfort is taking third place by 24% followed by service

and spares
Q.8. How frequently do you change your car? Why?
126
Reason for changing the car
Fedup & Reseal
54% 36%Advance
technology
Fashion & trends
other
2% 8%
Interpretation:-Generally middle class respondents never

echange their car so frequently so far. They will change their car
after more then two year or above but the reason behind the
changing the car are as follows
• Almost 54% participants said tat they fed up with their car
• Near 36% respondents wants to change their car due to

advance technology
• Approx 8% change their car due to fashion & trend
Q.9 What does affects your buying behavior generally while

selecting any car in small & medium segment?
127
Facter influencing consumer behavior
Familly &friends
58% Brand
Style & features
26%
Advertisment
2%
10% Technical
4% advancement
Interpretation:-Middle class segment generally influenced by

family &friends followed by brand as
• 58% respondents influenced by family and friends
• 26 % participants chane their decision due to brand

because they are brand conscious
• Style & features are influenced only 6%
128
6. Facts &
finding
129
Findings :-
• In present Maruti is leading in small & medium car

segment followed by Hyundai
• Existing customer are satisfied with their present car

performance like mileage ,servicing etc
• In current scenario Maruti will be market leader

followed by Hyundai(This research is conducted
before launching TATA Nano)
• Middle class segment like to buy any brand due to

mileage followed by looks & style
• They change their cars after two years or more, due

to fed up with car and for new advance technology
• They highly influenced by family and friends while

making purchase
130
7.CONCLUSION
131
• From the analysis of the responses received from the
customers in Jaipur, overall findings show that Maruti
Suzukij is the most prefered brand among the
participants.
• Maruti Suzuki and Hyundai,Tata Motors are the biggest

competitor in the small & madium car market..
• Among the five attributes ( which we considered

important for customers’ purchasing decision )
customers gave highest consideration to mileage
followed by the looks and style. Other attributes like
comfort, service and spares were considered later.
• Most middle class person prefer Maruti Suzuki in this

segment and usually they use car for their transport.
• Servicemen still would like to go for small & medium car

but with mileage with the first considerable thing followed
by looks and style and power.
• Study shows that middle class segment highly

influenced by family & friends while purchasing the car.
So companies should advertise their product targeted to
families
• Graduly Hyundai & TATA captured the market of Maruti

due to their new launching in small cars like TATA
nanoetc.
132
133
8.RECOMMENDATI
ON
134
9. APPENDIX
135
Questionnaire
Objective: Consumer buying behavior towards

small & medium car segment
Q. 1 Do you use cars?
o Yes
o No
Q.2 Which car do you use?

………………………………………………
Compan Marut Honda GM TATA Hyundai

y i
Model
Q.3 Is the present car up to your expectations?

o Yes
o No
Elaborate (Why Yes / Why No)

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
________________
Q. 4 Are you planning to buy a new car in the near
future?
o Yes
o No
Q. 5 Which brand would you prefer?
o Maruti
o Honda
o GM
136
o TATA
o Hyundai
 If other, then please

specify…………………………..
Q. 6 Why would you prefer the above mentioned car?
o Mileage
o Looks and style
o Comfort
o Service and spares
o Other
 If other, then please specify…………………………..
Q.8. How frequently do you change your car? Why?

o 6-12 Months
o Up to 2 years
o More than 2 year
o Till the life of the bike
 Reasons
Status Fashion & Advance Fed up & Other

Trend Technology Reseal

specify…………………………..
o Family or Friends
o Advertisement
o Brand
o Style & Features
137
o Technical Advancement
o Other Issue

specify…………………………..
Personal Information:
Name :
Occupation :
Age : 1. 26-35 2. 36-45 3. Above 45
Date :
Signature
Place :
138
11.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliography
BOOKS
 C.R Kothari: Research Methodology
NEWSPAPERS
 Economic Times.
 Business Times.
 Business Standard
WEBSTIES
o http://www.tatamoters.co.in
o http://www.maruti.co.in.
o http://www.google.com/
139
o http://www.valueresearch.com/
o http://www.autojunction.com/
o http://www.moneycontrol.com/
MAGAZINES
 Business world
 Auto Expo
140

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“The study of consumer buying behavior towards small &

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the

Master of Business Administration

Submitted By:- Submitte

I hereby, declare that the project entitled “Study of

I Harsh jain further declare that all facts and figures

As Per the curriculum of 4th semester of MBA, we have

I am grateful to Mr. Abhayjeet Singh (Asst. Dean, DMS-

The project has been a great experience, the learning

The project wouldn’t have been a success without the

1.Introduction to the industry

The study of consumer buying behavior

CAR PURCHASING PREFERENCES

Primary factors of preference

Thus the main issue in this project is to analyzing consumer buying

Thus problem of this project report is studying the consumer buying

RESEARCH is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY is a way to systematically solve the

DATA COLLECTION METHOD

Indian Automobile Industry-An Overview

The automobile industry is one of the core industries in India

Indian Automobile industry can be divided into three segments i.e.

In two-wheeler segment, motorcycles have the major share, Hero

• The Indian automobile industry crossed a landmark with total

India, in auto sector, is turning to be a sourcing base for the global

Honda, Suzuki, General Motors and Hyundai, the global automakers

The commercial vehicles are likely to grow at a CAGR of 5.2 per

Indian Auto Market Growth for the year 2005-06

• The domestic automobile industry sales grew 12.8 per cent at

In this competitive scenario consumer has number of choices for

Auto industry in 2008

The Indian automobile market is expected to grow by 9%. Although

It is sacrilege to say that the world economy has been undergoing

Global Recession Hits Indian Auto Industry

Established in December 1983, Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. has ushered

Sales figure in the year 1993 has reached up to 1,96,820. Maruti

Recently to ward off the

Now lets havea look on Maruti’s products like Maruti 800,Maruti

SMALL & MEDIUM CAR SEGMENT IN INDIA

These cars are basically manufactured by - Maruti Udyog

Its easy accommodating small structure

Various safety features of Maruti 800 give assurance of secured

• Side impact beams

• Collapsible steering columns

Maruti 800 is found in different colors:

These are the metallic colors :

• Icy Blue (new)

There are two variants found in Maruti 800:

• Maruti 800 STD BS III

Maruti 800 Std BS III

Its weight is 650kg. It is without Air-conditioner

Maruti 800 AC BS III

To give the comfort of an Air conditioner, especially during sultry

Maruti 800 Duo

It has three variants :

Various colors found in this car are :

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MARUTI ALTO

Alto Lx / Alto Lxi 740 kg

Gross vehicle weight 1165 kg

make it more spacious.

Its sleek sliding door and new side body

Turning radius of 4.1 m, Omni solves the purpose of narrow lane