c



 
 :

Human intervention in the nature for use of human being -themselves have been proved to be the
selfish acts. On the name of development, progress we have slowly deteriorated the environment.
This change in environment has resulted into the various negative impacts on environment. The
Change in Climate is also one example which is caused due to seasonal variation, global warming etc.

The change in climate has worsened conditions in regions, biospheres on the earth. Arctic region is
one of those regions which are experiencing the extreme change in atmosphere and climatic
conditions. Arctic region was known for its extreme temperature during winters, having long chilled
winters and short summers. This region has been experiencing this type of weather since long and
thus has the distinct communities, populations of the species growing in that particular area by
getting adopted to its climate. But it is observed that from certain years, Arctic region is suffering
with temperature and climatic change. Not only the Arctic region but the total average temperature
of the earth has increased, but the conditions are worse in Arctic region. And the impact of the
increase in temperatures of the Earth is more noticeable in Arctic. There have been various reasons
which have contributed to this increase in average temperature on earth.

As the human population is increasing, their needs are also increasing. Thus human being is
exploiting the nature for his own use, releasing harmful substances in the atmosphere, like carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, which have not only destroyed the balance in the nature but
also have led to pollution, ozone depletion, green house effect and related problems. The collective
effect of all this is Global Warming, which is nothing but what we explained earlier, that is, the
increase in average temperature of the Earth. Global warming occurs when large amount of heat
coming from solar radiation is retained in the atmosphere due to the green house gases cover the
atmosphere. The increase in 1 degree Celsius is the average temperature of the earth is very hue
and drastic one. This increase in temperatures is causing seasonal variations, untimely precipitation,
melting of glaciers etc. It's also observed that the condition is even worse in Arctic, as its
temperature has increased as much as twice the Earth͛s average temperature. This is really soaring
Arctic͛s atmosphere.

The change in Arctic͛s climate has affected the duration or pattern of winters and summers. Te
impact of the global warming in this region had been both geological as well as biological. Small
increase in temperature in Arctic may cause the major impact as there would be loss of light-
reflecting sea ice and the plants that have spread across the land that increase the absorption of
solar energy . According to NSIDC this ice which keeps the pole cool by reflecting a Sun light is
having less ice formed every year after global warming. There is a decline in Arctic Sea Ice, and this
decline is observed to b emote in the summer season due to increase in temperature. It has also
affected the thickness of the ice. Mountains are also not covered with thick ice any more.This
increase in temperature has not only affected the geology Of Arctic region but also the geology of
other regions. This is because the increase in temperature causes more ice to melt in the summer
season, which causes the sea level to rise. Increasing Sea water level has posed new threats, like
islands getting vanished. There are some positive impacts of these increasing temperatures too;
increase in temperature in Arctic region might cause the Arctic region to become more Hurricane
friendly.
Biological impact of global warming in Arctic region is prominent. The organisms growing in this
region were growing in well balanced, dependable fashion until now. The change in climate might
have hampered their resources, growth patterns, sometimes even making the things complicated for
the survival for the species living in this particular region. The adaptation may take time and till then
any of the species might get endangered or even extinct, which is again a loss to a nature and the
biodiversity. There is change in photoperiod due to increase in summer duration, this change in
photoperiod has affected the marine ecosystem. The type of organisms found in the Arctic Sea
water , their population might get affected due to climatic change and seasonal variation. Due to
loss of polar ice, there is a loss of habitat in a way, which is affecting the specific species growing in
that region, like Pacific walrus, ringed seal, ivory gull, hooded seal, and polar bear etc. The loss of ice
habitat has caused the effect on the production and growth of new generations of polar beers and
ringed seals. The productivity of the plants is also reduced extensively in past twenty years. These
are just some example which have been included here, but the impact is profound can lead to more
severe conditions. The traditional populations of animals and plants are replaced by the other newer
animals and plants, which is stealing the identity of that particular region. Well there is difference in
responses received by each species, because of that there is existence of new species as well.

This impact of the Global warming in Arctic region could only be lessened by people͛s awareness of
these global issues and their participation in the same. There are various human activities
responsible for increase in global temperature. We need to apply 3 R͛s principle- Recycle, Reduce,
Reuse in our life, which may lead to decrease in pollution and thus global warming. Steps should not
only be taken on the community level but also on individual level. There should be less combustion
of fuels and should turn towards the use of some non-conventional resources, like wind energy,
solar energy, which results in less heat radiated into the atmosphere. Sustainable management of
resources, sustainable vegetation, use of the bare lands for vegetation, less usage of AC, fridges, or
use of any alternative source of cooling gases instead of CFCs, less use of automobiles. There should
be application of scientific knowledge and socio-scientific construction against this Global warming.
The Climate scientists should some propose some ways; the policy actions should be taken. There
should be application of Biotechnology to have earth growing green again. Organic vegetation,
reforestations could be the measures which could be applied too. Green measurements should be
adopted in business as a new venture. We should strive for conservation of wild life, conservation of
forests. This would conserve the ecological balance. Some plans should be undertaken like, forest
management plans. There should be collective national and international effort to reduce the Green
house gasses emission. Natural resources should be managed properly and some alternative
solutions should be found to reduce the burden on the earth͛s ecology. Well this couldn͛t be
achieved at once. The gradual awareness, small small steps if taken to handle this issue on the
village, city level, that would definitely cause a big effect on national, international level, that is
worldwide.

There is still a debate on the role of human being s in the global warming and its impact. But from
the studies, investigations and observations it is evident that human being has been the major cause
of destroying the ecological balance. Arctic being the region known for its extreme weather
conditions and diversity has shown to be affected Bio- geographically. This is quite alarming, and this
situation may get worsened in coming future, so climate scientists, conservationalists, every
individual community people should collectively put their efforts to bring the harmony of the nature
back. Arctic is just one example of this issue, many such regions , areas are suffering too, they should
take this example as a lesson , and should strive for managing the global warming and lessening its
impact.

References:

http://plankt.oxfordjournals.org/content/30/11/1203.short

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090910142348.htm http://www.ijar.lit.az/p
df/7/2010%285-35%29.pdf

http://www.ouramazingplanet.com/climate-change-reducing-arctic-hurricanes-0538/

http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/38/7/603http://www.newscientis
t.com/article/dn19155-soaring-arctic-temperatures--a-warning-from-history.html