Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with White-rot Fungi for Biofuel Production Isroi?, Mohammad J. Taherzadeh” and Claes Niklasson* ®! Departement of Chomical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers Univesity of Technology, Gothonburg, Sweden. ) School of Enginoering, University of Boris, Bords, Sweden ‘e-mail: isri@chalmers.se Conversion of lignocelulose is limited by physical and chemical structure of lignoceluiase, Since lignin hinders the access of celualytic enzymes to calidlose, itis necessary to decompose the lignin barrier prior tothe enzymatic hydrolysis. “Thus, effective patrealmants are neaded fr enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelulase. Biological pretreatment employs microorganisms and their ‘enzymes to breakdown the ignin barier and ater structures of lignocellulose, “The most promising microorganisms for biological pretreatment are white-ot {fungi which produce lgninalytc enzymes and mineralze ignn into CO and 20. Biological pretreatment strats interest because ofits potential advantages ‘over physicalichemical, Biological pretreatment of qnoceliuosic biomass by \white-ot fungi changes the biochemical and physical characteristics of the biomass. Fungal enzyme production and activites are influenced by several, factors, Le sirin, nitrogen content, additon of trace elements, moisture, aeration, pH, temperature, and time incubation. Manipulation of these factors ‘could enhance enzyme production and actviies, Biological pretreatment can be Diotecnnologicaly expotes for other applications, Le. biopuping, bicbeachng, ‘animal feed, enzyme production, and others. “Toole, Asvatages and rowbacks of lola proton! compare haricalysea paveatmer ‘More emironmentalfriendlythan + Longoroccess chemicaliphysical methods Requires no or small amounts of aed chemicals + Need lage reactors or places Less energy used Does not require special equipment thigh temperature pressure, & corosveresctant) Simple process + Potential sue lss Whit uralpreuc note enzymes farcase, grin porosiaso,& Manganeso peroxdase tun candeyrace ghia llr ignozeiulese suture, Herat fang oer {dooce lgnin and homieluoses at nits aagradeeallose. Addon tM one belogc greeted! ol pain amply Fulturcnes (OPES) cul terove gn Serer apm amnaean or 2 ns . i 3, i: I: iE : a “ecartt ct eno een : 8 econ cet ec tte 2 o 9.1. Changes tht waa outa (A), nomictulos (8). calles (Can nn (0) ‘rior afi pam ono ful unches erg prereset wig Plots sp what Iran aon convo}, wi Com Steep iguar (OSL), wi CuSO4 (Cu), and wih MSO$ (un UNIVERSITY OF Bi CHALMERS @) Lo Biomass _ ‘White-rot Fungi Manipulation of Nutrients Biological 4 Cuturos Pretesiment ‘Condition Grinding, Hydrolysis, & Fermentation Biseihanel Fp. 2. Ganeraprocadire noel prevesiment of somass using whet inl (Parts 9p) produce boathnal Carrel procadeof ioc reeset ae 8) Boras nocd wih ctr ‘het ung 8) neubaton fx several days oF wee, ) size roducten gran) yah forantaton tose ostraal 2) Sinagen revesimen ran be Improved by manguleton af tien for sxample Ms a Cu” ein) enor ruts condion ‘Boogcal reeatment has several abvantges over conventralsyscalcnomical prereament. Solo prteatren wl be beneica wih decreasing bias Fesaeranc wer meinum sso ayeacotandas ana shorts for cabs, Further overs needed lo nprave be prormance of Sola pateatent PPfomares of Bologel raveanant an bo orhancos by manpulton ana ptt oor ta lead ery poduson sd ates Acknowledgements “This work ws franca upped by Drelre Ganeral of Higher Education. Miiry Nata! Educaton of Repub of ndonesatvough CorpeveRebesch Graaf Inarstana Jot Ressaren ar iterations Pueaon (rant Na 425°SP2HIPPIDOW. \0‘0), European Caress progam EM-EuaAdia aa Swedsh erator DevelpmentCorpertan Agony References Keto, aio, (2003 "Mail prevesinent of mss” Aypliad ‘Bochomiaty and Bitwennaogy 101) 27-41, Taped MJ; ana K Kar (2008). "Peeatrant of Lanocellosi Waste fo Improve Ethan and ioges Poaucton” tJ. Se 8 T021-7651, ‘Wong, (208), Stuer nd Aon Wechanem of Lge Eraynes.Appiod ‘Bochonialy and Bitchy, 157, 174-208, & UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA. ORAS