Presented by

Veena Goyal
(108226)
AGENDA
#Introduction
#Manufacturing of Microsensors
#Classification of sensors.
#Technical Parameters.
#Advantages of Microsensors
#Applications
#Reference
 INTRODUCTION
(Sensor is the word derived from a Latin word “sentire”
means “to perceive”)

 A miniature electronic device that detects

information about physical and chemical signals
or energy which otherwise couldn’t be
perceived directly by our senses.
 Detect an input signal(or energy) and convert it
into appropriate output signal(or energy).
 MANUFACTURING
Most of the microsensors are fabricated on
a silicon substrate using same processing
technologies as those used for integrated
circuits.
 Information Processing System
Input signal
Measurand is the quantity that is
(measurand) measured by a sensors.
Sensor is a device that convert a non-
electrical energy into electrical
energy.

Processor is a device that performs a

set of logical and mathematical
operations.

Actuator is a device that converts an

Output Signal electrical signal into a non-electrical
signal.
 Classification Of Sensors
Form of Signal Measurand

Thermal Temperature, Heat, Heat flow, Entropy, Heat

capacity etc
Radiation Gamma Rays, X-Rays, Ultra-Violet, Visible, Infra-red
light, microwaves, radio waves etc.
Mechanical Displacement, velocity, force, acceleration, pressure
etc.
Magnetic Magnetic field, flux, moment, magnetization,
permeability etc.
Chemical Humidity, pH level and ion concentration, toxic
materials, concentration of vapours, pollutants etc.
Biological Sugar, Protein, Hormones, antigens etc.
Related Technical parameters
Full Scale Input(Span)
Dynamic range over which a stimulus can be converted
into span.
For broad span, it is expressed in decibels.
For power ratios: 1dB = 10log(P2/P1 )
For voltage ratios: 1dB = 20log(V2/V1)

Power Ratio 1.26 10.0 100.0 108

Voltage Ratio 1.12 3.16 10.0 10 4
dB 1 10 20.0 80
Contd…..

Full Scale output

Algebraic difference between the end points of the output

Accuracy
Really means inaccuracy
Highest deviation of a value represented by sensor
reading from the ideal or true value.
Contd……….

Calibration Error
Inaccuracy permitted by a manufacturer
when sensor is calibrated at the factory.
 Contd…..

Resolution
Resolution is the minimum change of the
measurand value necessary to produce a
detectable change in the output or the smallest
increment of stimulus that can be measured.
Drift
Change in sensors performance within hours,
days or years.
 Why Microsensors
>Lower manufacturing cost
>Small size.
>Wider exploitation of IC technology(integration).
>Lower Weight(great Portability).
>Reduced Power Consumption.
>Better sensitivity, accuracy, range and Reliability.
>Low hysteresis loss etc.
 Applications
+Automotive Industry
+Medical Centre
+Environmental Application
+Food Industry
+Robotics etc….
REFERENCES
172.16.0.52
https://eng.ucmerced.eduwww.bio.net
www.amazon .com
http://moosmoos.com/micro_sensors.html
http://www.springerlink.com
THANK
YOU…..
QUERIES
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