METROLOGY LABORATORY

NAME: VIKASH JHAJHARIA

CLASS : B.M.E. – III; B2
ROLL : 000711201080
EXPERIMENT NO. – 4

TITLE : MEASUREMENT OF EFFECTIVE

DIAMETER OF A SCREW THREAD BY ‘TWO
WIRE’ METHOD
 1. Draw the screw thread micrometer indicating its special
feature in the sketch. Which element of thread does it
measure?

Ans :>
The special feature of screw thread micrometer is that it has a
wedge shaped anvil and a complimentary wedge shaped spindle. The
angle of the wedge is the same as the angle of the thread profile to be
measured, i.e. 55° for BSW and 60° for metric. The anvil of this type of
micrometer can be moved sideways by means of a screw.
The screw thread micrometer measures the effective diameter of a
thread.

2. i. In connection with throat measurement practice, what

is best size wire?

ii. Why is it so termed? Derive an expression for the best

size wire. What will be the corresponding expression for the
effective diameter?
Ans :> Best size wire is the wire which when wrapped around the
thread touches the flanks of the thread on the effective radius, which
is the half of effective diameter. It is s termed because by using this
size of wire, we can easily have an accurate measurement of the
effective diameter of a thread using simple formula.
Effective diameter is that diameter on which, the width of each thread
and the gaps between two threads are equal. If there is no error in the
thread, the effective diameter is the mean diameter. α
 E = M − 2( OC + OP )
= M − 2( OC + OR − PR )
d d α p α
= M − 2 + cosec − cot 
 2 2 2 4 2
 α  p α
= M − d  cosec +1 + cot
 2  2 2
 α  p α
⇒ M − E = d  cosec +1 − cot
 2  2 2
For best size wire,
d
(M − E) = 0
dα
d   α  p α
⇒ d  cosec +1 − cot  = 0
dα   2  2 2
d α α p α
or , −  cosec cot  + cosec =0
2 2 2 4 2
P α
⇒ d = sec
2 2

D en o tin g
d ia m te o
r f th eb e sts iz e w ireb y db
P α
d b = sec
2 2
P α α  P α
N o w ,E = M - sec  cosec + 1 + cot
2 2 2  2 2
 α α
1 + sin cos
P 2 + 2
= M-  
α
2  sin ⋅ cos α α
sin 
 2 2 2
α α
1 + sin + cos
P 2 2
= M- ⋅
2 sinα ⋅ cosα
2 2
P α  α α
⇒ E = M −  1 + cosec   2 sec − tan 
2 2  2 2

3. What are the rake correction and compression correction

during thread measurement with the help of two wires?
 Ans :>
 Rake correction :
During thread measurement with the help of wires as the wire
remains in contact with the thread flank it makes an angle equal to the
screw. For this inclination the section of the wire made by any plane
passing through the axis is rather elliptical. But in all our calculation
regarding this experiment, as shown before, we consider this section
to be circular. To eliminate the error due to this, we need rake
correction.

 Compression correction :
In the three wire method, the micrometer exerts some force on
the wires while measuring the total diameter of the system consisting
if the wire and the thread. Due to this force some compression occurs
in the wires and to correct the error due to this, we need to add some
correction factor called ‘compression correction factor’.
This correction can be formulated as:

A 23

e = 0.001 −
E 13

Where A = measuring force in Newton

E = Effective diameter in mm.

4. State only the points of difference between three-wire

methods of measurement of effective diameter of thread.

Ans :>
 • Two wire method :
1. The two wire method the job is carried in the
floating carriage measuring machine with
fiducial indicator.
2. Only a single diameter can be measured.

• Three wire method :

1. The outer diameter is measured with an ordinary
micrometer.
2. Two diameters are measured and their mean is
taken.

: SAMPLE CALCULATION:

For first observation T = M - 2d

= (1.0242 – 2×0.075 ) inch.
Now effective diameter E = T + Pd
So, Pd = 0.9605×P -1.1657×d
= 0.9605×0.1 – 1.1657×0.075 = 0.0091 inch.

E = T + Pd = (0.8742 + 0.0091) = 0.8833 inch.