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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report

CONSUMER MOBILE PRIVACY INSIGHTS REPORT

Smart Privacy for Smartphones


Understanding and delivering the protection
consumers want
April, 2011

55 2nd Street, 2nd Floor


San Francisco, CA 94105
415 520 3491 tel
415 520 3420 fax
www.truste.com

©2011 TRUSTe. All rights reserved.


Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 2

Executive Summary
Consumers have long worried about data privacy, and now, the rise of the smartphone as the
fastest-growing device for Internet access is fueling user demands for more control over how app
developers, mobile websites and mobile advertisers collect, track, use and share user data.

To learn more about how consumers navigate this emerging mobile landscape, TRUSTe worked
with Harris Interactive to survey 1,000 members of its online consumer panel about their
smartphone usage, behaviors, protective measures and concerns.

The survey, conducted in February, 2011, revealed a strikingly high level of worry around personal
information and data privacy, with security fears ranking second on the list of concerns.

Consumers revealed that they are far less likely to use a site, engage with an app or click on a
mobile ad if they don’t trust it to protect their data; they also showed a willingness to protect
their information by reviewing privacy notifications and implementing strong password protections.
In addition, cautious consumers engaged in risk-avoidance behaviors such as never accessing
sensitive information from their phones. This kind of “better safe than sorry” approach thwarts
the full potential and usage of mobile sites and apps.

How to overcome these concerns? Many smartphone users said that the presence of a TRUSTe
trustmark on a provider site or app offered a greater level of assurance about consumer-friendly
privacy practices.

The bottom line: Companies connecting with consumers via mobile (whether on apps, websites,
or ads) are likely missing major opportunities to engage with their targeted audience when
consumers avoid sharing, downloading or clicking on any mobile experiences that lack evident
privacy protections.

Among the study’s key findings:


• Privacy concerns rank #1: Most consumers expressed great concern about their data privacy
both when using smartphones in general, and when using mobile apps in particular; this concern
increases with the age of the user.

• Consumers want more control over their data: 98% of consumers expressed a strong desire for
better controls over how their personal information is collected and used via mobile devices and apps.

• Advertising tracking causes significant concern: Nearly three-quarters of consumers are


uncomfortable with the idea of advertiser tracking, and 85% want to be able to opt into or out
of targeted mobile ads.

• Location tracking turns users off: A significant majority (77%) of consumers doesn’t want to
share their location data with app owners/developers.

• Strong passwords and policy disclosures are valued for protection: To protect themselves,
consumers most often create strong passwords and read privacy disclosures before they log
into a site or use an app.

• Consumers feel safer when they see a privacy trustmark: Consumers recognized the TRUSTe
brand and shared a strong consensus about the TRUSTe trustmark’s value in providing a sense of
security for users visiting sites that display it, as well as the legitimacy of formal certification that
its display represents on those sites.

www.truste.com Taken together, these findings show that the mobile industry must work harder to demonstrate
its commitment to privacy protections, or risk not reaping the full benefits of the platform.
Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 3

I. Introduction
The exponential growth of the Internet and its splintering into portable devices such as
smartphones and tablets has opened up a rich array of experiences for users. Mobile’s astonishing
range of apps and sites (at increasingly faster speeds) means people can shop, share, chat, text,
talk and connect from the palm of their hands, anywhere, at anytime. But along with this veritable
feast of functionality comes fears about what consumers must give away in exchange for all the
riches the mobile world has to offer.

How are consumers using their devices? What are their greatest concerns around privacy and
security? And how do these concerns impact their usage of mobile apps, sites and ads? These
are the issues TRUSTe wanted to explore so that we could better serve our customers and their
consumers.

The resulting 2011 mobile privacy survey, conducted in February by Harris Interactive on behalf
of TRUSTe, surveyed 1,000 smartphone-using members of Harris Interactive’s Online Consumer
Panel about their smartphone ownership, behaviors, and concerns.

The respondent’s answers reveal a telling portrait of smartphone usage, consumer attitudes and
perceptions about mobile privacy, their leading concerns about how data is collected and used,
the data protection safeguards they currently implement, and help they’d like to see from the
industry in providing greater control and protection.

About TRUSTe
TRUSTe, the leading privacy trustmark and service provider, offers the only mobile application
and mobile website privacy certification program to help companies build customer trust around
their products.

TRUSTe’s Mobile Privacy Certification includes:


• Privacy certifications of mobile apps and/or mobile web sites that extends a visible sign of
commitment to customer privacy on the mobile platform.

• Graphical, short-notice privacy policies optimized for mobile devices that provide fast access to
information about privacy and data usage issues, and facilitate an easy return to the original app
or site. The Harris Interactive survey shows that 90% of users prefer the graphical, short-notice
privacy policy which can help increase user trust in your privacy practices.

• A mobile privacy seal and validation page optimized for mobile devices so users can quickly
validate a site or app’s TRUSTe privacy certification.

• Enhanced privacy disclosures to address consumer concerns unique to the mobile platform, such
as the use of geo-location technology or tracking and ads information.

• Privacy dispute resolution services, accessible from the validation page, so that consumers can
provide privacy feedback about an app or site.

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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 4

BEFORE AFTER

90%
Prefer

Harris Interactive and TRUSTe Survey on Mobile Privacy. February 2011

TRUSTe’s graphical, short-notice privacy policy makes your privacy practices more transparent
and easier-to-read

About Harris Interactive


Harris Interactive is one of the world’s leading market research firms, leveraging research, technology,
and business acumen to transform relevant insight into actionable foresight. Known widely for the
Harris Poll and for pioneering innovative research methodologies, Harris offers expertise in a wide
range of industries, including healthcare, technology, public affairs, energy, telecommunications,
financial services, insurance, media, retail, restaurant, and consumer package goods.

Research Methodology
For the mobile privacy survey, Harris Interactive conducted a self-administered online survey of
1,000 members of the Harris Poll Online(SM) consumer panel.

Survey respondents were qualified as being:


• US residents

• Age 18 and over

• Currently owning/using a smartphone

• Not employed in advertising, marketing research, telecom

The survey, which was conducted February 3-17, 2011, was designed to determine the following
research objectives:
• How smartphone users feel about their privacy on mobile devices

• Specific elements that most concern smartphone users

• Precautions smartphone users take to protect their privacy


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• Consumer reactions to/recognized impact of a trustmark provided by TRUSTe.
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Smartphones 101: How We Got Here

• Smartphones have been around longer than many folks realize. Here’s a brief timeline of their
evolution from bricks to smartphones…

• 1993: IBM releases the brick-like Simon phone, with touch-screen dial, PDA and FAX.

• 1994 – 2000: PDAs (lead by the Palm Pilot line) and pagers create demand for a myriad of mobile
devices and applications.

• 2000: Microsoft Pocket PC 2000 (later called Windows Mobile) arrives for mobile devices.

• 2002: Research in Motion releases the light-weight BlackBerry 5810 with data storage and wireless
email; Palm’s first Treo phone offers a full keyboard, wireless web, and data syncing.

• 2007 - 2008: Apple captures the consumer market with the first iPhone; a 3G iPhone and the App
Store follow the next year.

• 2008 - 2009: Google’s open-source Android OS launches, and the first Android phones (the HTC
Dream / G-1) hit the market. A year later, the Motorola Droid invades; within two years, Android
overtakes iPhone as the OS of choice among new US purchasers.

• 2010 - 2011: By the end of 2010, smartphone sales outpace PC sales. Nielsen predicts that more
consumers will own smartphones than “feature phones” by the end of 2011.1 On the global front, IDC
predicts 50% growth in smartphone sales by the end of 2011.2

Privacy Concerns: A Summary


The Harris Interactive survey uncovered a wide array of findings about consumer smartphone usage,
privacy concerns and behaviors, and their perception about mobile privacy in general. Major issues
that surfaced centered around a perceived lack of control over how data is collected and used;
unwanted or unwarranted location and behavioral tracking; and the desire for more specific, explicit
privacy protections (in exchange for which, consumers might share more information).

Survey highlights include:

Consumers Want More Control


• Only 1 in 3 consumers feel they controlled their personal information on mobile devices.

• 98% of consumers expressed a strong desire for better controls over how their personal information
is collected and used via mobile devices and apps.

• When given the opportunity to control their data, nearly nine in ten smartphone users restrict at
least some types of information sharing on mobile apps; resistance is even higher among BlackBerry
users (who tend to be among the earliest adopters) and older consumers.

1 Source: NielsenBlog, August 2, 2010, accessed April 15, 2011 at http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/android-soars-


but-iphone-still-most-desired-as-smartphones-grab-25-of-u-s-mobile-market/
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2 Source: IDC (International Data Corporation) Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, March 29, 2011, accessed April 15, 2011 at
http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS22762811
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Advertising Tracking Sparks Concern


• Nearly three-quarters of consumers are uncomfortable with the idea of advertiser tracking.

• 85% want to be able to opt into or out of targeted mobile ads.

• 68% believe they are being tracked for advertising (although the actual incidence of behavioral
tracking is much lower).

• A minority of consumers feel they have a choice about the collection and use of their location
information by an application, though iPhone users (at 45%) and Android users (41%) feel they
have a greater choice in this matter than do users of other devices such as Windows Phone (38%)
BlackBerry (20%).

Feelings About Advertiser Tracking

100% 1%
I like advertiser
tracking
22%

75%
I neither like nor
dislike being
tracked

50% I do not like to be


tracked
74%

Not important at
25%
all

2%
0%

Harris Interactive and TRUSTe Survey on Mobile Privacy. February 2011

www.truste.com
Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 7

Location Tracking
• A significant majority (77%) of consumers don’t want to share their location data with app owners/
developers (aka first parties). Only 2% are willing to share their data both with first parties and third
parties.

• Consumers who receive alerts when location tracking is enabled (as iPhone users do) are more likely
to allow access to location information when requested by an app. (iPhone users allow access about
half the time, while Android users allow access about a third of the time).

• Consumers recognize the TRUSTe brand and share a strong consensus about the TRUSTe
trustmark’s value in providing a sense of security for users visiting sites that display it, as well as
the legitimacy of formal certification that its display represents on those sites.

Information Would Not Share


Through A Mobile App

At least one type (Net) 85%

Account information
(username, password) 65%

Personal information
(name, address) 61%

Location 40%

Profile information
(age, gender) 33%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Harris Interactive and TRUSTe Survey on Mobile Privacy. February 2011

Nearly nine in ten (85%) restrict at least some types of information sharing on mobile apps

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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 8

II. Smartphone Usage Findings


The demographics of smartphone users – and the platforms they prefer – has been shifting rapidly
since the battle between iPhone and Android reached a fever pitch in 2010. Early adopters (mainly
BlackBerry users) are also among the older users of smartphones; but the steep growth trajectory
among younger users and newer platforms reveals that most users first acquired a smartphone a
little over 2 ½ years ago.

We also discovered a simple age corollary between data and voice usage: The younger a user, the
greater the data usage; the older a user, the greater the voice usage. Likewise, younger users tend to
download more mobile apps than older users.

The Harris Interactive consumer survey revealed the following information about smartphone usage
in the US:

Operating Systems

• The most commonly used smartphone operating system brands are Apple’s iPhone (32%),
BlackBerry (26%), and Google Android (25%).

• Apple iPhone and Google Android users are more similar to each other than they are to other
smartphone platforms; younger users trend toward those two brands.

• Google Android phones are capturing an even larger share among new smartphone users at the
expense of BlackBerry (and iPhones to a lesser extent).

Mobile Activities

• On average, users spend the greatest percentage of their smartphone time making phone calls
(36%), texting (19%), and emailing (14%). Surfing (7%), gaming (7%), and social networking (6%) are
also common smartphone activities.

• 90% of smartphone users have downloaded at least one mobile application; iPhone and Android
users download more apps, as do younger smartphone users.

• BlackBerry users tend to be longer tenured smartphone users; their phones are also more likely
to be subsidized by an employer. They spend more time making calls and are less likely to have
downloaded mobile applications.

Activities by Age and Gender

• Younger users spend less time on calls and more time texting and downloading mobile applications.

• Older consumers tend to use their smartphones for calling and emailing than do younger users.

• 49% of consumers use their smartphones for non-calling activities at least 1 to 3 hours per day.
iPhone and Android users and younger smartphone users spend more time on non-calling activities.

• Users of the most popular OS brands (iPhone, Android, BlackBerry and Windows Phone) are more
likely to be males than users of other brands (such as Palm and Nokia).

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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 9

Smartphone Adoption

• The average user acquired a smartphone 2.7 years ago. The longest-term users (11%) have had
smartphones for 5+ years; the newest users (18%) have had smartphones for less than a year.

• Evidence of Android’s fast-growing marketplace dominance:


• Within the last two years, 38% chose Android; 28% chose iPhone, and 16% chose BlackBerry.
• However, those who acquired their phones in the past two to five years chose iPhone (38%) and
BlackBerry (29%) over Android (17%). (Android was released in 2009).

III: Smartphone Privacy Findings


Knowing how consumers are using their smartphones helped us gain better insight into their fears
and needs around privacy, security, identity theft and other key mobile safety issues.

Privacy around apps and advertising data tracking were hot-button issues with the consumer panel.
They felt most vulnerable to (and less in control of) unwanted or over-reaching data collection and
use in those categories.

Consumer privacy concerns and precautions include:

Worries: Privacy and Security

• Privacy is the greatest concern among smartphone users


• When asked their primary concern about using smartphones, consumers ranked privacy first,
followed by security.
• Privacy concerns are more pronounced among older smartphone users than among younger users.
• Privacy is the most important concern for apps users
• When asked about mobile apps, privacy was listed as the most important issue across user
groups (38%), with security coming in second (26%).
• Privacy concerns may dampen consumer willingness to download apps; those who have never
downloaded an app also tended to be among those who reported the greatest privacy concerns.
• Only 25% of users believe that their mobile app store only offers apps that safeguard their
privacy; however, 38% are confident that the apps themselves do protect their privacy.

Primary Concern When Using Mobile Apps

3%

19%
None

Identity

Privacy 38%

Sharing
14%

Security

www.truste.com 26%

Harris Interactive and TRUSTe Survey on Mobile Privacy. February 2011


Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 10

• Advertising tracking worries consumers


• 85% of consumers want the option to opt-out of targeted mobile ads.
• 74% of users are not comfortable with the idea of advertisers tracking their data for targeting
purposes.
• 68% of consumers say they are being tracked for mobile ad targeting (an awareness far higher
than the actual practice).

• Consumers dislike location tracking


• 1 in 3 users feel that they don’t have a choice when it comes to apps collecting their location data.
• A large majority (73%) of mobile users want to be able opt-out of mobile activity tracking.
• Only 35% of users willingly give mobile apps access to their location data.

Wants: Control, Choice and Transparency

• Consumers want greater control over personal information


• Only about one-third of smartphone users feel they are in control of their personal information
when using a mobile device.
• 98% of smartphone users indicate they value having easy access to controls for sharing their
personal info in a mobile app.
• Even in exchange for money, nine in ten smartphone users would be unwilling to share photos,
contact lists, or surfing behavior. Some users would consider sharing other types of information
with a first party (app owner / developer) only.
• Social media sign-ons cause concern
• Half of users reported being uncomfortable about using social media accounts to log-in to mobile
apps.
• Only users aged 18 to 24 ranked the convenience of signing in via social networks as being more
important (43%) than either privacy or security. Older users ranked privacy and security more
highly; only 8% of users aged 45+ ranked sign-on convenience above privacy and security.
• The value of visibility
• 42% of users said that it was “extremely important” to know what type of information is being
collected, and to have visibility into that information.
• Consumers responded positively to the concept of a mobile app that provides visibility into the
type of info other apps have collected about them.

Precautions: How Users Protect (and Want to Protect) themselves

• Password protections lead the way


• 64% of smartphone users said they create a strong password that contains numbers, letters and
characters.
• Reading mobile privacy policies
• About four in ten (42%) of overall users indicated that they read and understand mobile privacy
disclosures for apps before they download them. Among those who read privacy policies:
• The longest-tenured (5+ years) smartphone users reported reading privacy policies 55% of the
time.
• 44% had awareness of the TRUSTe trustmark (vs. 33% who did not).
• 45% report frequently downloading mobile apps.

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• Risk avoidance
• Overall, 40% of users reported that they simply “don’t use apps or go to sites that [ask for or use]
my personal information”
• 38% say they don’t access accounts with sensitive information via their mobile devices.
• How users want protect their privacy
• 90% of consumers prefer mobile privacy policies that are menu-oriented and concise, versus
traditional mobile privacy policies.
• About seven in ten smartphone users said they would be more likely to read a privacy policy that
is easier to navigate and read.
• 58% of users would like a way to view the information a mobile app collects about them

Privacy Precautions Taken

I create a strong password that contains


numbers, letters and characters 64%

I read and understand disclosures


regarding use of my personal 42%
information before installing an app

I don't use apps or go to sites that


ask/use my personal information 40%

I don't access my account(s) via mobile


device 38%

Other
2%

I haven't taken any of these privacy


precautions 7%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Harris Interactive and TRUSTe Survey on Mobile Privacy. February 2011

IV. Impact of the TRUSTe Mobile Privacy Program


One of our key takeaways from the Harris Interactive survey is that consumers are deeply concerned
about mobile privacy issues. They’re also fast learners, becoming increasingly wary of apps, mobile
sites and mobile ads that don’t provide effective protective measures (from controls, and opt-in/out
mechanisms to collected data visibility and accessible, transparent privacy policies).

Brands that spend millions of dollars creating state-of-the-art mobile experiences are missing major
opportunities to connect with these consumers by failing to build in these mission-critical trust systems.

One way to bridge this gap is via consumer-recognized seals and certifications. The majority of the
consumers surveyed were aware of the TRUSTe brand, and of its value proposition as an indicator of
vetted and validated privacy programs.

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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 12

Key findings around consumer awareness and valuation of the TRUSTe brand:
• 70% of mobile users report that the TRUSTe seal increases their overall privacy comfort level with
a brand that displays the seal.

• The same percentage (70%) also report having seen the TRUSTe seal online before.

• Consumers valued the TRUSTe trustmark for its perceived sense of security as well as for the
legitimacy of formal certification they associate with brands that display the trustmark.

• Consumers overwhelmingly (by 90%) preferred TRUSTe’s optimized mobile privacy policy format, to
standard, difficult to read mobile privacy policies (characterized small print, long scrolling text, etc.)

• While 42% of users claim to read and understand mobile privacy disclosures before using an app,
those aware of TRUSTe are significantly more likely to have taken this action.

• Among the 37% of consumers willing to share at least some personal information in exchange for a
free or lower-cost mobile app, those who were aware of TRUSTe were significantly more willing to
share this information than those who were unaware of TRUSTe.

TRUSTe: Connecting brands to mobile consumers with


transparency, accountability and choice
We know that privacy is not about how much or how little we share, it’s about whether we have a
sense of transparency, accountability and choice when sharing.

Trust is about being comfortable with what happens after our information leaves our fingertips, and
knowing that, no matter how or where our information enters the world (including on apps, social
networks, ads and mobile sites), it is safe and secure in the hands of those to whom we’ve entrusted it.

To help foster this experience, TRUSTe offers the following mobile certification services:

Mobile website and mobile app privacy certification


Certify your mobile website or mobile app’s commitment to user privacy through validation and
ongoing review of your privacy protections. An optimized TRUSTe mobile seal & validation page
showcase your privacy certification.

Mobile-optimized privacy notices


Serve up graphical, short-notice mobile privacy policies to provide information quickly and easily so
users can find what they need, know they can trust you, and then focus on your app or website.

Enhanced Privacy Disclosures


Address consumer concerns unique to mobile platforms such as the use of geo-location technology.

www.truste.com
Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 13

Addenda: Tips for App Developers

Privacy concerns around mobile applications are higher than ever and consumer mistrust can limit
app downloads and engagement levels. Here are five tips that can help you get privacy right and
build a mobile audience through trust and respect for personal information:

1. Get Serious About Privacy


The TRUSTe mobile privacy consumer survey found that 74 percent of consumers believe it’s “very
important” or “extremely important” to understand what personal information a mobile app collects.
Moreover, 52 percent of consumers reported that they have read a privacy policy for a mobile app.
Unfortunately, a separate TRUSTe analysis of the top free mobile apps found that only 19 percent
have a privacy policy. App developers need to get serious about privacy. Creating a mobile privacy
policy is a good start, but app developers need to look closely at their app data practices and
identify areas where they can improve consumer privacy experiences.

Having a mobile privacy policy can help ensure that consumer privacy expectations meet the reality
of your data practices. The length and density of a standard online privacy policy, however, will
confuse and frustrate consumers on smaller mobile screens. A mobile privacy policy, just like a
mobile app, should be mobile-optimized: think simple, visual and interactive. Consumers will thank
you: in our survey 90 percent of consumers preferred TRUSTe’s mobile-optimized privacy policy
format to standard online privacy policies.

2. Always Ask Before Collecting Location Data


Mobile phones collect a great deal of personal information, location data being among the most
sensitive type. There is a high degree of public discomfort with sharing location data – 40 percent of
consumers report that they purposefully do not share location data with mobile applications.

An app’s use of a consumer’s location data should always be an opt-in process whereby a consumer
grants explicit permission prior to the app’s collection and use of this data. One method for obtaining
consumer consent is creating a pop-up notice/request. Our survey found that app developers
should do more in this regard as only 36 percent of consumers felt that they had a choice regarding
the collection and use of their location data.

3. Offer Opt-Outs For Mobile Ad Targeting


Consumers are wary of mobile ad targeting. A solid majority of consumers – 74 percent –
reported that they dislike being tracked for targeted mobile advertising. However, we also found a
high degree of consumer awareness of the existence of mobile ad targeting (68 percent). Given the
success of mobile apps these findings suggest that consumers warily accept the presence of mobile
ad targeting in exchange for the convenience and entertainment value that apps offer. Consumer
tolerance for mobile ad targeting will presumably grow, but app developers can increase this tolerance
by providing clear notice and choice for consumers when conducting mobile ad targeting.

You should provide a consistent, unified consumer opt-out experience: if you engage in targeted
advertising on mobile devices and on the traditional web, then consumers should be able to opt-out
of tracking on both devices from a single portal. Our survey found that 85 percent of consumers want
to be able to opt-in or out of targeted mobile ads. Work with industry associations, like the Digital
Advertising Alliance, to ensure that your targeted advertising privacy practices are consistent with
industry standards.

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Consumer Mobile Privacy Insights Report 14

4. Give Consumers Transparency & Choice

Consumers want choice regarding the use of their personal information. Our survey found that 98
percent of consumers believe it’s important for mobile apps to provide easy access to controls for
collecting and sharing personal information. Pop-up notices prompting users to grant/deny permission
for data collection/use are an effective method for obtaining explicit consumer consent (opt-in).
For data collection activities that are opt-out you can offer consumers choice by displaying opt-out
mechanisms prominently within a mobile app’s privacy and security settings.

Collect only the personal information that you need. It may be tempting to record every available
data point about your app users, but the more you collect the more wary users become and the more
responsibility and risk you assume with their personal data. If you collect information that a consumer
might not necessarily expect, it’s always a good idea to provide them with prominent notice of this
collection.

5. Get Your App Privacy Certified

Only 1 in 3 consumers feel in control of their personal information when using their mobile devices,
revealing a great deal of consumer mistrust in the mobile app space. Moreover, 52 percent of
consumers list “privacy” and “unauthorized information sharing” as their primary concerns when
using mobile apps. Getting your mobile app privacy certified by a reputable third-party like TRUSTe
can help overcome consumer privacy concerns. In this way, privacy certification can be a competitive
differentiator, helping to increase downloads and engagements by increasing consumer confidence
and trust.

Unfortunately, not all mobile app marketplaces or stores enable the display of 3rd party privacy
certifications. If they don’t already, ask your app store or app marketplace to recognize 3rd party
privacy certifications so that consumers can more easily identify trustworthy apps that protect their
personal information.

Learn More About TRUSTe’s Mobile Privacy Certification


Learn how to address user concerns about mobile privacy especially when using privacy-sensitive
technologies such as geo-location and behavioral-based advertising. TRUSTe’s award winning
Mobile Privacy Certification addresses both mobile web and mobile apps.

Go to www.truste.com/mobile to learn more about the program and access additional resources.

415.520.3490 | www.truste.com | twitter.com/truste © TRUSTe, Inc. 2011 All Rights Reserved.

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