EYELID:

>Ptosis (from Greek Ptosis, to "fall") is a (drooping) of the

upper or lower eyelid. The drooping may be worse after being
awake longer, when the individual's muscles are tired. This
condition is sometimes called "lazy eye", but that term normally
refers to amblyopia. If severe enough and left untreated, the
drooping eyelid can cause other conditions, such as amblyopia or
astigmatism. This is why it is especially important for this
disorder to be treated in children at a young age, before it can
interfere with vision development.

>Ptosis occurs when the muscles that raise the eyelid (levator
and Müller's muscles) are not strong enough to do so properly. It
can affect one eye or both eyes and is more common in the
elderly, as muscles in the eyelids may begin to deteriorate.

CONJUNCTIVA:

>Allergic conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the

membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy.[1]
Although allergens differ between patients, the most common cause
is hay fever. Symptoms consist of redness (mainly due to
vasodilation of the peripheral small blood vessels), oedema of
the conjunctiva, itching and increased lacrimation (production of
tears). If this is combined with rhinitis, the condition is
termed allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

>The symptoms are due to release of histamine and other active

substances by mast cells, which stimulate dilation of blood
vessels, irritate nerve endings and increase secretion of tears.

CORNEA:

>Corneal Ulcer
The development of a corneal ulcer (an infection of the cornea)
unfortunately is a common complication of contact lens use. Soft
contact lenses have a higher risk of corneal ulcer than rigid
lenses, but all lenses have some risk. Disposable contact lenses
worn extended wear were found to have a a bacteria (or rarely a
fungus or parasite) infects an area of much higher risk of
corneal ulcer than any other type of lens, for reasons that are
not fully understood. A corneal ulcer starts when breakdown in
the corneal surface. The surface may break down, forming a small
corneal abrasion, due to routine lens use. Overwear of lenses,
improper cleaning of lenses, extended wear use of lenses, and
overly tight lenses may increase the risk of developing this
surface breakdown. Normally, a corneal abrasion, even if tiny, is
uncomfortable. However, a contact lens can act as a bandage on
the eye masking symptoms, and some contact users develop a lack
of sensitivity of the cornea.Once an infection begins, most
people experience severe symptoms. The eye typically becomes red
and painful.

>Corneal Warpage
"Warpage" of the cornea refers to a distortion in the shape of
the cornea, usually due to the use of rigid contact lenses, and
especially poorly fitting rigid lenses. The type of lens most
notorious for this is the "hard" type of lens, which is a non-
gas-permeable lens made of a plastic called PMMA. This type of
lens is still used today successfully by many people. However,
the lens is known to flatten out the cornea, often reducing or
eliminating astigmatism. When lens use is discontinued, the
cornea will try to spring back to its original shape. Thus, it
may be impossible to find a glasses prescription that will
consistently give clear vision for times when the contact lens is
not in. Often only the contact lens itself can give clear vision.
A condition known as "irregular astigmatism" refers to an
irregular curvature of the cornea, usually caused by poorly
fitting rigid lenses.

>Corneal Swelling (edema)

Corneal edema, or swelling, occurs when there is an inadequate
supply of oxygen reaching the cornea due to contact lens wear.
Essentially, the cornea becomes smothered by the lens. Sleeping
in contact lenses, as with extended wear lenses, greatly
increases the risk of corneal edema. In this situation, even less
oxygen reaches the cornea because the eyelid is closed over it.
Also, the normal blinking of the eye is not present, which helps
tears and oxygen to circulate under the lens.Symptoms of corneal
edema included blurred or foggy vision, seeing rainbows around
lights, redness, and possibly irritation or pain. Complications
of corneal edema include corneal abrasion, a tight lens syndrome
(see above), and corneal ulcer or infection. Generally, a lens
should not be worn if symptoms of corneal edema are occurring.

LENS DEPOSITS:

>Protein deposits can frequently form on both soft and rigid

types of lenses. With soft lenses, the regular use of enzyme
cleaners as well as proper disinfection and daily cleaning of
lenses can help prevent the protein deposition. Rigid lenses may
develop deposits especially during seasons with high pollen
counts, and polishing the lenses usually will buff off any
deposits.When a lens develops deposits, the eye can become
irritated, itchy, and red. Wearing time may be decreased, and the
vision may be somewhat blurred.

DRY EYES:

>The most common complaint from people who wear contact lenses is
that they experience dry eyes. A layer of tears over the eye is
very important to good vision. The tears are the first thing that
light, and contact lenses, encounter. As such, eyes that dry up
may have insubstantial tears, which can cause irritation and poor
vision. Typically, those who experience dry eyes should reduce
wearing their contacts, and use eyedrops while they do have them
in.

ALLERGIC REACTION:

>The fact that a contact lens is constantly touching the eye

leads to the possibility of an allergy developing to the lens
material, deposits on the lens, or to solutions used with the
lens. The conjunctiva is a thin membrane which lines the white
surface of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. Soft lenses
usually extend somewhat onto the conjunctiva outside of the
cornea. The inside of the eyelids are also in contact with lenses
especially during blinking. The conjunctiva contains cells which
can rapidly respond to allergens, leading to redness, itching,
tearing or discharge, and a general inability to wear a contact
lens.

:P