KPI evaluation

3G WCDMA

Krishna K Jayachandran
 Source: Huawei

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KPI Structure

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CS Call set up diagram

Source: T Mobile documentation (

Public)

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PS Call set up diagram

Source: T Mobile
documentation ( Public)

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 Accessibility

Ability of user to obtain the requested service from the system.

RRC ( Radio Resource Control)
RAB ( Radio Access Bearer)- defines type of service
Main KPIs
CSV Access Failure Rate, CSD Access Failure Rate, PS Access Failure Rate,
HSDPA Access Failure Rate, HSUPA Access Failure Rate, CS RAB set up success
ratio, PS RAB set up success ratio, RRC Congestion Ratio

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 Troubleshooting flow chart

Voice Access
Failure

RRC or
RAB?

CS Voice RRC Voice RAB

Failure Failure

CS RRC
Voice RAB Setup
Setup or
RRC Access? or RAB Access?

CS RRC Setup CS RRC Access Voice RAB Voice RAB

Failure Failure Setup Failure Access Failure

RRC&RAB Setup
RRC Access Failures are mostly due to radio reasons. RAB Access Failures are
Failure Cause due to both radio and core network reasons.
Analysis

RAB
RAB
RRC
RRC RRC
RRC RRC&RAB
RRC&RAB RAB
RAB RAB
RAB Failure //
Failure
Failure
Failure Failure
Failure Failure
Failure // Failure
Failure Failure
Failure Hardwar
Hardwar
// Adm
Adm // TN
TN // DL
DL // DL
DL e
e
Control
Control License
License Blocking
Blocking Pwr
Pwr Code
Code Resource
Resource

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Sample formula

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Failure causes

RRC failures causes:

 Admission control.
 Uplink issues.

RAB failures.
 Admission control: Main causes : power, codes, Channel elements.
 Example of Mumbai circle with wrong test license loaded on 2 cells. CE
capacity increased from 30 to 192.

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Example # 1 ( Accessibility)

Alarm: System dynamic traffic

exceeding licensed limit

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Remedial action

Congestion- EDT/MDT, CPICH ( only when absolutely necessary) for

power, addition of HW for codes, checking SW licenses for Channel
elements.

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 Retainability
Ability of a user to retain its requested service for the desired duration
once connected.
Key issues are missing neighbors, low quality, Hw issues and alarms,
Transport issues.
Main KPIs:
CSV Drop Rate, CSD Drop Rate, HSDPA Call drop ratio, HSUPA call drop
ratio, PS R99 call drop ratio.

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 Voice Drop

Drop Cause

Other
Iur Drop Drop
Missing RL Add IRAT
UL Sych
Neigh Failure Drop

Check
Check Investigatin
Investigatin Neighbor
Neighbor
neighbor
neighbor g
g the
the UE
UE
Check
Check BTS
BTS List
List Check Transport
Transport
cell
cell HW
TxPwr
TxPwr by
by Check Iur
Iur
availability HW Alarms
Alarms using
cleaning/
cleaning/ drop
drop per
per Iur
Iur
Issue
Issue
availability using deletion
Drivetest deletion link
link
Analyze Drivetest GSM
Analyze GSM
existing
existing Analyze coverage
coverage
Check
Check Analyze
neighbors
neighbors cell area
area
Transmissio
Transmissio cell
with
with 3G-3G
3G-3G coverage verification
verification RBS
n
n Errors
Errors coverage RBS /
/ RNC
RNC
cell
cell relation
relation by for
for IRAT
IRAT
by RF
RF HW
HW issue
issue
report
report Planning Re-
neighbors
Re-
neighbors
Planning
tool prioritizatio
prioritizatio
Analyze cell
Analyze cell tool or
or
Check
Check Cell
Cell Drivetest n
n the
the
coverage
coverage by by Drivetest
determine
Availability
Availability determine neighbor
neighbor RF
RF
RF Planning
Planning the RF issues
issues
the number
number list
list based
based outside of
tool
tool or
or of outside of
of Event
Event 6a
6a on
on usage
usage provided
Drivetest
Drivetest or provided
or number
number counters
Down
Down tilts
tilts of counters
of Event
Event 2d
2d
or
or other
other
physical
physical
optimizatio
optimizatio
n UE
UE issues
issues
n

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All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2008
Sample formula:

CS service drop ratio= Number of CS RAB abnormal releases/Total no. of

CS RAB releases * 100%.
VP Call drop ratio= Number of VP RAB abnormal releases/Total no. of VP
RAB releases * 100%.

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 Example # 2 ( Retainability)

Cell W_DL_Delhi_240_10@1 with CSV failure rate of 19% and voice traffic
of 0.53 E
Drill down:

Due to RF causes ( RL
synchronous failure)

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Mobility
Monitor different kinds of handovers.
Soft handover- defining the right neighbors.
Missing neighbors, New site turn ups
IRAT ( 3G/2G) HO issues.
Check 3G/2G neighbor relations- external cell definition BCCH/BSIC to
match with internal cell values.
Look for issues in the target 2G cell.
Main KPIs: CSV IRAT failure rate, Soft handover success ratio, AMR soft
handover success ratio, PS soft handover success ratio.

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Sample formula

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Example # 3 ( mobility) CSV IRAT

Cell ( W_DL_Delhi_351_10@) high IRAT HO failure rate

with AMR traffic of 0.25 Erl
Drill down:

Iu release from core.

Preparation failure. Need
to check for resource
issues.
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Coverage
Used for monitoring cell interference status and soft handover gain in a
RNC or cluster.
Main KPIs: SHO overhead, UL Interference Cell Ratio
SHO overhead -Used to evaluate the consumption of resources due to
soft handover.
Trade off between resource consumption and soft handover benefits.
UL Interference cell ratio= (No. of cells with mean RTWP >-98 dbm/
Total No. of Cells).
RTWP high/ low? Significance??

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Sample formula

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 Service Integrity
Indicates the service capabilities for PS/HSDPA throughput on busy hour
in each cell and for evaluating the UL BLER values for each cell.

Main KPIs:
Average UL Throughput for R99 services.
Average DL Throughput for R99 services.
HSDPA throughput.
HSUPA throughput.

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PS Counter example

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 CQI

• Channel Quality Index (CQI) is a measure of the quality of DL radio

interface measured at the handset ( between 0 and 30)

• The Node B uses this information in the evaluation and assignment of the
downlink air interface throughput for the handset every 2ms, the higher
the reported CQI, the higher the achievable throughput.

• CQI is not the only factor in the evaluation, however it is the only factor
that can be readily improved through optimization.

• CQI is a function of Ec/No.

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Chandigarh example- CQI

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Availability
Measures the availability of resources.
Main KPIs: Radio Network Unavailability Ratio, Worst Cell Ratio

Formula:

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Traffic
Used to evaluate the circulated traffic such as CS Erlangs, PS Traffic,
Mean UE number for various kind of services.
Key KPIs: No. of CS users, No. of PS R99 users, No. of HSDPA users, No. of
HSUPA users, HSDPA traffic volume, HSUPA traffic volume.

Example:
CS Equivalent Erlang of RNC VS.CSLoad.Erlang.Equiv.RNC:

This KPI provides the equivalent Erlang values of all the services in the CS domain in the RNC

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Sample formula

No. of CS users=
(VS.RB.AMR.DL.12.2+VS.RB.AMR.DL.10.2+VS.RB.AMR.DL.7.95+VS.RB.AMR.DL.7.4+VS.RB.AM
R.DL.6.7+VS.RB.AMR.DL.5.9+VS.RB.AMR.DL.5.15+VS.RB.AMR.DL.4.75)

No. of HSDPA users= VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell,VS.HSDPA.UE.Max.Cell.

HSDPA Traffic volume= VS.HSDPA.MeanChThroughput.TotalBytes

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Daily 3G NQI report

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Gsmart Tool Level 2 layout

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Thank Q

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