NOT FOR MEDICAL/

 VETERINARY USE
 
ATTENTION:
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NOT FOR FIELD USE, RUSH TRANSLATION

ORIGINAL DOCUMENT:
http://www.jarmec.jp/pdf/IFAW-all.pdf

Translation provided by:

Free Japanese-English Translations for Tohoku Earthquake/Tsunami Relief
https://www.facebook.com/home.php?sk=group_160310604024009
[Volunteers accepted]

English language version for research, public interest, and animal welfare by:
The Hachiko Coalition
http://hachiko-coalition.org

BACKGROUND
This report is the result of a conference the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)
conducted in conjunction with multiple agencies. At this time, the official document is only
available in Japanese language.

Based on the significance of this document, a volunteer English translation was requested.

This volunteer translation is being provided for research, academic, and public interest reasons.
DO NOT USE in the field.

Please see this press release for background:

IFAW  convenes  nuclear  radiation  experts  for  landmark  animal  rescue  summit  in  Japan  
http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw_united_states/media_center/press_releases/4_22_2011_70131.php

BEGIN ORIGINAL DOCUMENT

2011/05/10

Special Committee on Animals in Area Contaminated by Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power

Plant Radiation

Opinions of Japan Section in Response to Proposals of Japan-U.S. Special Committee

We, the Japanese section participating in the “Special Committee on Animals in Area
Contaminated by Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant” (the Committee), have created a

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summary of what needs to be done immediately. We ask swift action of those who are involved
with this issue, as the world watches.

Documents Distributed

1. Proposals by Special Committee: Summary and Opinions

Contacts:
l Fukushima Wildlife Citizen and Scientists Forum: Mizoguchi Yoko; 0243- 48- 4223
l Nihon Dobutsu Koudo Iryo Center: Natsuhori Masahiro；044- 850- 1280
l NRDA Asia: Uematsu Kazuyoshi; 080-3574-2510

Response to Animals In Wake of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Incident

Special Committee Proposals
Summary and Opinions
2011/05/11

On May 2-3, 2011, a committee of experts from Japan and America (henceforth: “the
Committee”) convened to discuss all matters relating to animals in the area affected by the
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster, and produced the following proposals.

Every effort must be made to immediately treat specified animals currently in the restricted area
(companion animals, agricultural animals and wild animals anywhere in the entire prefecture of
Fukushima).

Groups involved in animal rescue operations must closely coordinate and establish the effective
communication and cooperation required for this work. Maintaining human safety as first priority,
rescuers must have adequate knowledge, training and ability with respect to protection against
radiation, as well as be equipped with dosimeters to measure radiation levels. It is essential to
devise a plan to save the greatest number of animals possible in the shortest amount of time
through the work of these specialized teams.

The rescue of animals afflicted by the nuclear power plant disaster is just the first step in long
term, continuing activity. It is recommended that investigation and monitoring of the environment
be carried out and continued. Not only is this information important in this particular disaster, but
it could also be immeasurably valuable in creating plans and programs in response to similar
disasters anywhere in the world. We hope that those responsible in the Japanese government
and in each prefecture will study these proposals promptly for immediate implementation.

Companion Animals (Pets)

All efforts will be made to reunite disaster victims with their companion animals. To this
end animal welfare organizations have set up temporary shelters for pets near evacuation centers
whenever possible, endeavoring to keep pets in the same area where their owners are
staying. Strays and wandering animals are being housed in animal shelters close to areas where

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they originally lived, and efforts are being made to return them to their owners
quickly. Regardless of circumstances, members of the Committee do not support sending
companion animals abroad.

The Committee identified four important stages with regard to removal of companion animals
from the evacuation area, namely: rescue (successfully capturing animals in the evacuation
area and transferring them outside of the evacuation area), decontamination (cleaning
and assessment of condition, decontamination work), transport (taking them from the evacuation
area to temporary facilities or decontamination centers), and shelter (securing facilities, ensuring
proper transport, etc.). An efficient relief operation with teams responsible for each part of the
process will be organized, with the response to needs exemplified by rescue teams from abroad
serving as a model.

Livestock

The Committee has re-examined the livestock flowchart (April 22, 2011) from the Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and is in agreement with it.

Furthermore, we should expedite efforts currently underway in the evacuation area to take
external (outer body) measurements of animal radiation levels, and immediately evacuate
animals that are able to survive.

1. Livestock within 20 km need to be rescued and either removed from the area or humanely
euthanized.
2. Livestock should be systematically measured for radiation levels according to procedures set
out by MAFF and evacuated from the area.
3. Livestock evacuation should be completed before people evacuate.
4. There are cases in which not all individual animals need to be measured for radiation levels. It
is sometimes sufficient to take one individual animal's measurements as representative of a
particular administrative region.
5. Euthanasia should be conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the World Organization
for Animal Health (OIE).
6. To ensure Japanese government support for measurement of radiation levels in animals
removed from the evacuation zone as well as for their transport, an adequate number of qualified
personnel should be mobilized.
7. To speed the evacuation process, additional personnel should be trained in the use of
individual protective gear and devices used to measure radiation.
8. The Japanese government will ensure the availability of adequate transport vehicles for rapid
removal of the animals.
9. The Committee endorses the Feed Safety procedures of the MAFF.
10. Long term monitoring of highly valuable breeds of animals is suggested.

Wild Animals

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Using the Fukushima Wildlife Rescue Center (FWRC) as the hub for activities involving the
rescue and short and long term monitoring of wildlife, we should begin rapidly collecting
samples for short and long term monitoring of a wide area, including areas outside of the
current evacuation area.

For short term monitoring purposes, they are measuring the degree of radioactive
contamination in animals. They select appropriate decontamination methods taking the animal's
body weight into consideration. After being cleaned, the animals are fed radiation-free food, and
if necessary, contaminated animals are kept isolated from uncontaminated animals.

Efforts to monitor wildlife both short term and long term with the use of field workers and
radiation experts will require support from the Japanese government.

We would like to see guidelines quickly established to standardize methods for long-term
observation of effects on the health and biodiversity of wildlife.

These short and long term monitoring strategies are not just an issue for Fukushima or even
Japan alone, but are of concern on a global scale. It should be a mission of the Japanese
government to share the results and related information with the international community. An
international approach, both short term and long term, will be required with respect to the various
animal species found in the diverse ecosystems of these fresh water environments, some of
which contain endangered species.

2011/05/10 International Fund for Animal Welfare

Within the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant emergency area, Fukushima
prefecture has destroyed livestock and barnyard fowl, and the effect of the radiation
contamination is becoming apparent among animals. There are voices from the refugees wanting
to live with their livestock and pet. However, there is not enough scientific information collected
for deciding on a valuation standard of radiation contamination and decontamination. The method
of monitoring wild animals is also not established. Facing the unprecedented nuclear power plant
incident, currently we are in a situation facing various problems at an ad-hoc basis.
Taking this situation into account, a discussion was hosted considering radiation contamination
and the method of evaluation and decontamination. Seventeen people gathered to this “Special
Committee on Animals in Area Contaminated by Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant”
including veterinary and toxicology experts from the U.S. and Japan, and staffs of public
institutions of the two countries. On the day, members of the House of Representatives,
Nagashima Akihisa and Yamazaki Makoto, also came.
The document approved on May 3rd by both Japan and U.S. would be released
simultaneously to both countries after details are examined by the countries’ chairman.

Host: International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)

Cosponsor: Fukushima Wildlife Citizen and Scientists Forum, Nihon Dobutsu Koudo Iryo Center,
NRDA Asia

Distributed documents:
1. Proposal
2. Current status of animals around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

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3. Document on the network of nongovernmental volunteer groups for saving animal victims of
the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Contacts regarding this issue:

l International Fund for Animal Welfare: Michael Booth; +1-508-744-2076
l Fukushima Wildlife Citizen and Scientists Forum: Mizoguchi Yoko; 0243- 48- 4223
l Nihon Dobutsu Koudo Iryo Center: Masahiro: Natsuhori Masahiro; 044- 850- 1280
l NRDA Asia: Uematsu Kazuyoshi; 080-3574-2510

Taking Action on Behalf of Animals Affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power
Plant Incident
Proposals of the Committee
2011/05/05

A meeting of Japanese and American specialists (Appendix A) was held on May 2nd and 3rd of
2011, on issues relating to animals and the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant incident. Based on
information obtained to date and discussions at the animal specialist summit, we propose that all
necessary actions be taken immediately and that the utmost effort be exerted on behalf of the
animals specified inside the evacuation area.

We had very thorough discussions concerning various procedures to ensure the safety and
welfare of humans and animals. The Committee strongly feels that human life should be of the
utmost priority. Therefore our proposals are based on the premise that workers in the evacuation
area will adhere to standard written procedures and have the knowledge, training and ability to
protect against radiation, as well as be equipped with dosimeters. Furthermore, in order to save
the greatest number of animals possible in the shortest amount of time it is essential that all
groups involved in rescue operations build relationships of mutual coordination, effective
communication, and cooperative effort.

The rescue of animals afflicted by the nuclear power plant disaster is only a first step in this long-
term mission. In this proposal ideas for long-term observation of the environment and survey
programs are also noted. This information applies not only to this particular disaster but may also
prove invaluable in the creation of plans and programs in response to similar disasters elsewhere
in the world. We hope that those involved with these matters will study this material. We further
hope that responsible parties in the Japanese government and each prefecture will consider
these proposals promptly for immediate implementation.

Rescue

For the purposes of this document, "rescue" is defined as carefully capturing the animal from the
evacuation area and then moving that animal to some place outside of the evacuation area. The
Committee expects all animal rescue personnel working in areas where there is risk of exposure
to radiation to follow the advice of the IAEA. That means that the amount of time that one can
work in the evacuation area is limited. For that reason, being prepared in the following ways prior
to entering the evacuation area will make quick removal of the animals possible.

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• Have an accurate idea of the number of animals

• Have appropriate means of capture and a holding place
• Have specific training in the following:
- Understanding abandoned animals
- Animal search and rescue
- Capture and detention
• Systematically prepare a feeding area to entice the animals out of the affected area

In any kind of rescue operation work, the highest objective is to return a pet to its owner. To
ensure that the pet returns home, rescue teams should employ methods to correctly distinguish
between animals in custody. There are many possible ways to identify pets, from dog collars to
microchips. It is also possible to keep accurate records of an animal's whereabouts (including
GPS coordinates) through all the stages of an animal's rescue from the time of initial discovery
with the use of a tracking system.

Decontamination

Before animals are evacuated from the affected area to a shelter, or returned to owners, they
may need to be decontaminated. Screening and assessment of the animal's condition, or
decontamination, should be done outside of the evacuation area ("hot zone"). Temporary outside
facilities should provide adequate space, water and easy access to temporary outside
shelters. These areas need to be very carefully selected.

The Committee assumes that all of the operational teams will be equipped with individual
dosimeters, survey meters and personal protective equipment (PPE).

Use detergent and warm water to decontaminate, and wash the entire body or only parts of it as
needs dictate. Handle the polluted wastewater with care. In light of how much time the
contaminated animal has spent inside the evacuation zone, we suggest the entire external
surface of the individual be measured for radiation, washed, and then re-measured. This
decontamination procedure is outlined in the flowchart below.

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WARNING: Amateur WARNING: Amateur

Translation/Diagram ORIGINAL DOCUMENT IN JP: Translation/Diagram
http://www.jarmec.jp/pdf/IFAW-all.pdf

Temporary shelter for

companion animals
1) Where close contact with humans
is possible or many animals are
housed together in same facility, use
10,000 CPM. Triage Sick or injured animals

2) Based on the half-life of caesium,

Survey entire animal, measure
keep animal in secure area for 10 days Begin
radiation
Treatment

Wash entire body of healthy animal Euthanize

Ordinary Care Facility /
Return animal to owner
Remeasure

< 10,000 cpm1 > 10,000 cpm 24 hour Secure

Holding Facility

Second wash and

remeasurement

< 10,000 cpm > 10,000 cpm

10 days at Holding Facility 2

Take urine samples and
measure radiation

Remeasurement

< 10,000 cpm > 10,000 cpm

Remember the
Legend of Hachiko!

[NOTE: Original flowchart text and translation retained for reference]

1 人間との緊密な接触の可能 性、および多数の動物を同じ施設に収容する可能性から 10,000 cpm を

採用

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1 Adoption of 10,000 cpm due to the possibility of close contact with humans and sheltering large
numbers of animals in the same building
2 セシウムの半減期に基づき、１０日間保管区域に収容
2 In accordance with the half-life of caesium, 10 days Reception at Secure Holding Facility
一般保護施設
飼い主のもとへ帰還
General Shelter
Return Animal to Owner
伴侶動物の一時避難施設収容
Storage of Companion Animals at Temporary Shelter
トリアージ
Triage
全ての動物の放射線測定／監査
Measure/Monitor Radiation Level of All Animals
健康な動物全ての洗浄
Clean All Healthy Animals
再測定
Remeasure
疾病/傷害動物
Sick or Injured Animals
治療の 開始
Begin Treatment
安楽死
Euthanize
２４時間保管区域
24 hour Secure Holding Facility
２回目の洗浄と再測定
Second Cleaning and Radiation Measurement
１０日間の保管区域 2
尿採取と放射線測定
10 days at Holding Facility 2
Collection of Urine Sample and Radiation Measurement
再測定
Remeasurement

There is a need for temporary shelter for decontamination of animals that have been transferred
out of restricted areas. For this the following needs should be noted.

• Adequate space and quarters for animals (placement based on radiation levels)
• Designated spaces for walking exercise and excretion
• Animal cages made of metal or other materials
• Periodic and planned cleaning and disinfecting
• Possibility of environmental pollution
• The safety and protection of animals and workers at the temporary facility.

Transport

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Transport here refers to the transfer of animals from the restricted area to a temporary shelter
and decontamination site. If possible, before getting the animals into the vehicle, the radiation
level should be checked to avoid contaminating the vehicle.

If there is a need to transport contaminated animals, an effective procedure to decontaminate the

vehicle and related facilities should be prepared. The vehicle for transport should be chosen in
accordance with the weather, but for short distances, in most cases vehicles with an open rear
deck can be used. (For recommended types of vehicles for animal transport, ask the
representative of IFAW.)

Shelter

Animals that have been effectively decontaminated will be transported to the protected region.
Animals brought to the emergency shelter should be checked for radiation levels immediately
after they have arrived and periodically during their stay. Radiation levels should also be checked
when they are transferred to another place or establishment. (Ask the IFAW representative for
information on “best practices” for emergency sheltering of animals.)

Livestock

The Committee has re-examined the livestock flowchart (April 22, 2011) from the Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and is in agreement with it. Furthermore, we should
expedite efforts currently underway in the evacuation area to take external (outer body)
measurements of animal radiation levels, and immediately evacuate animals that are able to
survive.

1. Livestock within 20 km need to be rescued and either removed from the area or humanely
euthanized.
a. Confirm location of livestock.
b. Based on the advice of the IAEA, limit radiation exposure of the workers.
c. Set up place/s outside of the 20km range for capturing animals and for feeding animals.
d. Feeding ground, capturing site and testing facility should be established at the same spot.
e. Measure radiation level and work on decontamination following instructions of the MAFF
2. Livestock should be systematically measured for radiation levels according to the procedures
set out by MAFF and evacuated from the area.
3. Livestock evacuation should be completed before people evacuate.
4. There are cases in which not all individual animals need to be measured for radiation
levels. It is sometimes sufficient to take one individual animal's measurements as representative
of a particular administrative region.
5. Euthanasia should be conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the World Organization
for Animal Health (OIE).
6. To ensure Japanese government support for measurement of radiation levels in animals
removed from the evacuation zone as well as for their transport, adequate numbers of qualified
personnel should be mobilized.

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7. To speed the evacuation process, additional personnel should be trained in the use of
individual protective gear and devices used to measure radiation.
8. The Japanese government will ensure the availability of adequate transport vehicles for rapid
removal of the animals.
9. The Committee endorses the Feed Safety procedures of the MAFF.
10. Long term monitoring of highly valuable breeds of animals is suggested.

Proposals Regarding Wild Animals

The Committee supports the principle of “one world one health.” In other words, human health
and the health of livestock, wildlife and the entire ecosystem are all inseparable. The Committee
proposed the following short term and long-term measures, which reflect concern to
provide emergency plans for wild animals and all life forms.

Proposed Short Term Measures

• Start the relief and monitoring process at once. (Footnote: Methods selected for biological
monitoring, in addition to radiation monitoring, i.e. measurement of radiation levels via proper
equipment, must be based on capacity for collecting samples, and other practical factors)
• Use the Fukushima Wildlife Rescue Center (FWRC) and reinforce its operations
• As wild animals move around in a wide area, monitoring outside of the currently restricted
area is also necessary.

We believe that wild animals that have received help are not the only animals that should be
monitored. A broader range of animal species should be monitored when appropriate. This
includes invertebrates, fishes, reptiles and amphibians.

The necessary operations are shown in the flow chart below. The measurement of contamination
levels of animals in this chart can also be used to assess the risk of radiation to humans. The
decontamination process should be conducted in a manner appropriate to the species. In addition
to decontamination, provide food that is not contaminated for an appropriate period of time and
isolate animals that are contaminated from other animals that may or may not be contaminated.

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Sick and Wounded Animals

Prefecture Residents Prefectural Environmental Department

Or Town/City/Village Office

Measure
Radiation Dose

High Low
> 100,000 cpm < 100,000 cpm

Reduction in
Decontamination Radiation Dose RESCUE TEAM
> 100,000 cpm

Isolation

Euthanasia

Fukushima Wildlife Rescue Center (FWRC)

Treatment
Euthanasia
standards (FWRC)
Euthanasia

Sampling Death

Return to the Wild

Monitoring

For Meiko: Remember the

Legend of Hachiko!

[NOTE: Original flowchart text and translation retained for reference]

傷病動物
Sick and Wounded Animals
県民
Residents of Prefecture
地方振興局（県民環境部）

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あるいは市町村役場
Regional Development Bureau (Prefectural Environmental Department)
Or Town/City/Village Office
高い
High
低い
Low
放射線量測定
Measurement of Radiation Dose
放射線量が低減
Decrease in Radiation Dose
除染
Decontamination
隔離
Isolation
安楽死
Euthanasia
レスキューチーム
Rescue Team
福島県鳥獣保護センター
Fukushima Wildlife Rescue Center(FWRC)
治療
Treatment
野生復帰
Return to the Wild
サンプリング
Sampling
安楽死
Euthanasia
安楽死基準(FWRC)
Standard for Euthanasia (FWRC)
死亡
Death
モニタリング
Monitoring

Proposed Long Term Measures

In order to monitor changes in the accumulation of radioactive material, and to secure samples
from species in seasonal migration, it is vitally important that samples be taken from wild animals
as soon as possible. For this to happen, the Japanese government must support field workers
and radiation experts in both short term and long term monitoring of wild animals. We propose
standardizing methods for long term monitoring of the health of wildlife and effects on
biodiversity. It may be possible to plan methodologies derived from lessons learned as a result of
the Chernobyl incident. In order to monitor the disaster at Fukushima over the long term (for a
period of at least 10 years) or if, in the worst case, it should become necessary to respond to
additional disasters, it is essential to plan fully for both personnel and facilities.

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For short term and long term monitoring strategies, we propose the following:

• This problem relates not only to Fukushima or Japan, but to the world, and requires a global
approach. For example, it will be necessary to do long term monitoring of animals that
migrate broadly or have a wide range, such as the following:
o Osprey (Misago)
o Peregrine falcon (Hayabusa)
o Migratory birds (Wataridori)
o Albatross (Aho-dori)
o Shearwater (Mizunagidori)
• The disaster stricken area includes both land and marine habitats.
• As the restricted area can sometimes become a "safe refuge" for wild animals, the
geographical distribution of animals may change.
• Wild animals roam freely in various areas and their range may vary with different behavior
patterns. The following are some examples:
o Carrion feeders eat dead bodies and thus may move into the evacuation area.
o Herbivores may escape to the evacuation area, but may also move to farming lands for
food.
o In the marine environment, birds may enter the evacuation area to get food and fly
several miles to nearby islands to feed their young.
o Due to long term changes in the land, there will probably be wide-ranging effects
on wildlife populations.

• One other issue that needs consideration when monitoring changes in a population of wild
animals is the effect of the tsunami on ecosystems. The effects of this problem are not
limited to pets and livestock.
• It is generally understood that the sensitivity of an animal's response to a disaster will vary
according to species. As a practical method of monitoring long-term changes, it may be
necessary to select ”keystone” species, based on the ranking of species within an
ecosystem, and to conduct thorough investigative research.
• Endangered species need special attention and will definitely be subject to long term
monitoring. On the other hand, common species are also useful to gather data due to the
numbers available.
• For marine animals, samples can be collected from sea birds that fly to the shore and those
that fly to offshore islands for breeding.
• Dead bodies for research can easily be obtained by the following method:
o Game animals, alien species and captured pests

§ American Mink

§ Raccoon

§ Japanese Monkey

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§ Great Cormorant

§ Wild Boar

§ Various Wild Migratory Birds

o Animals killed on the road due to accident – especially raccoons

o Wild animals that die in custody after being rescued (will be collected by FWRC)

• The Committee proposes that specialists in the following academic fields be involved in the
monitoring and in making use of the information collected:
o Radiology

o Pathology

o Wildlife Medical Science

o Genetics

o Ecology

o Conservation Biology

In the short term, steps taken to help livestock and companion animals may also have an effect
on wildlife, so this must be taken into consideration when deciding on a strategy.
o Some means of disposing dead bodies can be a threat to wild animals. Feeding animals
within evacuation areas (e.g. feeding companion animals, or providing food in a particular
area to draw animals in) will also attract wild animals.
Let’s save Fukushima. Let us work together for Fukushima and in so doing learn for the
future of mankind.

[REDACTED – GRAPHIC PHOTOS]

[See original document: http://www.jarmec.jp/pdf/IFAW-all.pdf]

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Appendix A

Subject Field Specialists

Representing Japan:
Co-chairs:
Ichiro Uematsu, Head Doctor, NRDA Asia; Akishima Veterinary Hospital, Veterinarian, Masters of
Veterinary Medicine.

Masahiro Natsuhori, Japan Animal Referral Medical Center, Radiation Protection Supervisor,
Head of Radiology, Veterinarian, DVM

Tokuma Yanai, Professsor, Gifu University (Veterinary Medical Pathology); Veterinarian, DVM
Katsuaki Sugiura, Professor, Research Center for Food Safety, University of Tokyo, Veterinarian,
DVM.

Toshio Mizoguchi, Head of Fukushima Wildlife Rehabilitation Center, Veterinarian, Master of

Engineering

Toshinori Sako, Professor, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Medicine, Veterinarian,
DVM

Representing the USA:

Co-chairs:
Dick Green, Emergency Relief Manager for Disasters, International Fund for Animal Welfare
(IFAW), Doctor of Education

Ian Robinson, Emergency Relief Program Director, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW),
Veterinarian

Lisa Murphy, Assistant Professor of Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, University of

Pennsylvania, VMD

Lt. [Kelly] Evans, Chief of Staff, United States Army Veterinary Corps, Veterinarian

Gordon Cleveland, US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service;
International Animal Care and Wildlife Services, Radiology Program Analyst; Veterinarian

[Kerry] Preston, USDA International Animal and Plant Health Inspection, American Embassy in
Japan; Veterinarian

Kuniaki Suzuki, USDA International Animal and Plant Health Inspection, American Embassy in
Japan; Veterinarian, DVM

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Note: This document can be found at:

http://hachiko-coalition.org

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