Logs LSinqdand fe OGG Sete Nalinaksha Dutt a 3BUDDHIST SECTS IN INDIA NALINAKSHA DUTT MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED ¢ DELHISeon Ein: Dah, 1978 Reprint: Dai, 1987, 1998 (© MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED AL Rights Reserved ISBN; 8120804279 (Cloth) ISBN: 81:20804287 (Paper) lio availabe at MOTILAL BANARSIDASS 41 UA. Bungalow Road, Jawahar Nagar, Dethi 110 007 18, Mahalaxmi Chamber, Warden Read, Murnbai 400 026, 120 Royapettah High Road, Mylapore, Chennai 600 004 ‘anas Placa, Subhash Nagar, Pune 411 002 1 St. Mark's Road, Bangalore 560 001 ‘Gama Street, Caleuta 700 017 Ashok Rajpal, Patna 800 00% ‘Chowk, Varanasi 221 001 DY INNENDRA PRAKASIC JAIN AT SHEL JAINENDRA TRESS xp PUBLISHED iY WAREDRA PRAKASH JAIN FO INTRODUCTION It is striking that as far back as 1859, ic., over a century ‘ago, the attention of European scholars was drawn to the appearance of Buddhist sects in India, mentioning their names without, however, any comment. The earliest article was written by St. Julien, ‘Listes diverses des noms des dix-huit sectes du bouddhisme' in the Journal Asiatique, 1859. ‘This was followed by M.V. Vassilief in 1860, Drs, Rhys Davids and ‘Oldenberg in 1881, H. Kern in 1884 and 1. P. Minayeff in 1884 (vide for details, pages 11-13) of this book, It was after the publication of the translation of the Chinese version of Vasumitra’s treatise on eighteen sects of Buddhism in India by Prof. J. Masuda, who happened to be a Lecturer in the Calcutta University and also a colleague of the present writer, in the Asia Major, vol. 11 (1925) supplemented by the Tibetan texts on the eighteen schools by Bhavya and Vinitadeva entitled Nikdya-bhedavibhaiga and Samayabhedsparacanacakra respectively. It should be noted that Vasumitra’s treatise had three Chinese translations: @ ‘Shi-pa’ pu’ -lun, ascribed either to Kumirajiva(401-13) or to Paramartha (546-69). i) Pw-chi-i-tun, ascribed ‘to Paramartha. This translation, according to Masuda, appears to be more accurate. Gi) I-pu’-tsung-tun, ascribed to Hinen Tsang (662), is regarded by Masuda as the best of the translations. ‘There were four scholars, bearing the name of Vasumitra: ( Vasumitra of Kaniska's Council and one of the authors of the Mahavibhasa. ‘Vasumitra of the Sautrintika school. i) Vasumitra, who appeared a thousand years after Buddha’s parinibbana, and iv) Vasumitra of the Sarvastivada school, from whom Hiuen ‘Tsang learnt the Sarvastivida doctrines. It is curious that none of the books and articles mentioned ‘on pp. 11-13 refers to such an important Pali Abhidhamma text