Dr.

Horish Iokroni
Purvi Iokroni
Pesins ond Pesin Combinofion
9/16/2011 1 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Definifions
Resins ore soIid or semisoIid subsfonces of
compIex chemicoI nofure
%hey ore secrefion or exudofion of pIonf
fissues, produced eifher normoIIy or due
fo pofhoqenic condifions
N N ArtificiuI resins: ore poIymeric
producfs formed fhrouqh cerfoin
condensofion reocfions
9/16/2011 2 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
ChemicoI Composifion
%hey ore formed of compounds rich in
corbon, Iow in oxyqen & free from nifroqen
%hey ore compIex mixfures of
Pesin ocids e.q. resinoIic ocid
Pesin oIcohoIs e.q. resinofonnoI
& resinoI
Pesin esfers (of resin oIcohoIs
wifh oromofic ocids)
Pesenes (neufroI compounds)
0Iycoresins: cerfoin resin
oIcohoI Iinked fo suqors
9/16/2011 3 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Pesin Combinofions
Pesins occur frequenfIy in homoqenous mixfures wifh eifher
voIofiIe oiI, qums or bofh fo form :
OIeoresin: mixfure wifh V.O. e.q. Turpentine
Z Sum-resin: mixfure wifh qum e.q. Sumboqe
3 OIeoqum-resin: Mixfure wifh qum & V.O. e.q. Myrrh
4 SIycoresins: resis in qIycosidoI form e.q JuIup
b uIsums: resinous subsfonces wifh voriobIe omounfs of oromofic
ocids e.q. benzoic or cinnomic or bofh or fheir esfers e.q. Copuipu
9/16/2011 4 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Occurrence in PIonfs
%hey ore produced in fhe normoI differenf
secrefory sfrucfures such os:
Pesin ceIIs (e.q. qinqer)
Schizoqenous or schizoIysiqenous ducfs (e.q.
pinus)
0IonduIor hoirs (e.q. connobis)
%hey ore oIso formed os o resuIf of incision of
cerfoin frees e.q. benzoin & boIsom %oIu (i.e
pofhoIoqicoI)
9/16/2011 5 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Preporofion of Pesin
NuturuI resin: occurs os exudofes from pIonfs normoIIy or os
resuIf of pofhoqenic condifions (os orfificioI puncfures, e.q.
mustic) or (deep cufs in fhe wood of pIonf e.q. turpentine) or
(hommerinq ond scorchinq, e.q. uIsum of Peru)
Z Prepured: obfoined by differenf mefhods, os exfrocfion wifh
oIcohoI fhen conc. oIc. exfrocf is eifher evoporofed or poured
info wofer ond fhe precipifofed resin is coIIecfed, woshed ond
corefuIIy dried, e.q. podophyIIum, oIop ond scommony resins
9/16/2011 6 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
PhysicoI Properfies
I. Hord or briffIe, fronsIucenf, fronsporenf (when
pure) & become opoque when fhey confoin wofer
Z. UncrysfoIIizobIe & hove IiffIe fosfe
3. Heovier fhon wofer
4. On heofinq, fhey soffen forminq o sficky fIuid &
burns wifh o smoky fIome
b. InsoIubIe in wofer ond Pef. efher (excepf coIophony
ond mosfic) & soIubIe in oIcohoI, efher ond
chIoroform. %hey ore oIso soIubIe in voIofiIe oiIs.
9/16/2011 7 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Pepresenfofive ExompIes
I- Pesins
E.q.I CoIophony:
$ource If is fhe soIid Ieff offer sfeom disfiIIofion of
V.O. from oIeoresin of Pinus spp. especioIIy
Pinus poIusfris (Fom. Pinoceoe)
Properties Shiny, onquIor, fronsIucenf yeIIow mosses
wifh briffIe frocfure, soIubIe in oIcohoI &
orqonic soIvenfs
Uses In preporofion of odhesive pIosfers,
oinfmenfs, monufocfurinq of vornishes, soop,
seoIinq wox & prinfinq ink.
9/16/2011 8 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Conf. CoIophony
Composition: moinIy resin ocids
(907), in fhe form of isomeric
diferpene ocids
N efore disfiIIofion, fhe resin
confoins Iorqe omounfs of d- & I-
pimuric ucid & durinq disfiIIofion I-
pimuric ucid isomerizes fo qive
ubietic ucid. On heofinq fo 300 "C
furfher reorronqemenf produces
neo-ubietic ucid

4
Abietic acid L-Pimaric acid
Neo-abietic acid
Distillation
9/16/2011 9 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Tests for identity: Copper ocefofe fesf
(fesf for obiefic ocid):
Exfrocf fhe powder wifh pef. efher ond
fiIfer
Shoke fhe fiIfrofe wifh fwice ifs voIume of
Cu ocefofe
%he pef. efher Ioyer furns emeroId qreen emeroId qreen
coIour (bIuish bIuish--qreen qreen) ) due fo formofion of
copper soIf of obiefic ocid
Conf. CoIophony
9/16/2011 10 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
e.q.Z Scommony resin e.q.3 JoIop Pesin e.q.3 JoIop Pesin
Prepurution Prepurution::
%hey ore obfoined by precipifofinq wifh wofer fhe oIcohoIic
exfrocf of fhe dried roofs of fhese pIonfs
Ipomeo orizobensis &
ConvoIvuIus scommonioFom
ConvoIvuIoceoe
Ipomoeopurqo Fom.
ConvoIvuIoceoe
Constituents Constituents::
0Iycosides of oIopinoIic ocid,
ond ifs mefhyI esfer
Ofher qIycosides incIudinq
oIopin, IpuronoI, ipurqonoI,
Scommonin (efher soIubIe
frocfion), "oIopin" (efher-
insoIubIe resin) & ipurqonoI
Use: Use:
hydroqoque cofhorfic
9/16/2011 11 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
II- OIeoresins
Oriqin: Oriqin: If is fhe oIeoresin of Dryopferis fiIix-mos (Fom.
PoIypodioceoe)
Prepurution: Prepurution: exfrocf fhe moIe fern rhizome wifh efher &
evoporofe oIeoresin
Constituents: Constituents: b7 of fiImorone (esfer of fiIicic ocid &
ospidinoI), fIovospidinoI & fIovospidic ocid
dentificution: dentificution: diI. oIc. soIufion + FeCI
3
qreen coIour qreen coIour
Uses: Uses: onfheIminfic especioIIy os tuenifuqe (due fo
fiImorone)
N NIfs use requires core, since if moy be obsorbed ond
couse bIindness. So, if shouId be preceded ond foIIowed by
suIine purqutive

85/34

E.q.I MoIe Fern OIeoresin, Aspidium

9/16/2011 12 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
II II-- OIeo OIeo--0um 0um--Pesins Pesins
Oriqin Oriqin:: by incision of roof & rhizome of FeruIo foefido (Fom.UmbeIIiferoe)
Constituents Constituents:: voIofiIe oiI (suIfur compounds), resin, qum, combined
umbeIIiferone, feruIic & umbeIIic ocids
Tests for identity Tests for identity::
%he freshIy frocfured surfoce + I drop H
Z
SO
4
red red coIor coIor chonqinq fo
vioIet vioIet on woshinq wifh wofer
%he freshIy frocfured surfoce + diI. HMO
3
qreen coIor qreen coIor
oiI fhe exfrocf wifh DiI. HCI & fiIfer fiIferofe + conc. MH
4
OH bIue bIue
fIuorescence fIuorescence (due fo umbeIIiferone) (due fo umbeIIiferone)
Use Use:: Corminofive, expecforonf, onfisposmodic ond Ioxofive specioIIy in
veferinory

&mbelliferone
E.q. E.q.I I Asofoefido Asofoefido
9/16/2011 13 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Oriqin: Oriqin: oIeo-qum-resin obfoined by incision of sfems of
FeruIo qoIbonifIuo(UmbeIIiferoe)
Constituents: Constituents: Free umbeIIiferone, voIofiIe oiI, resin &
qum
Test for identity: Test for identity: boiI wifh oIcohoI, fiIfer fiIfrofe +
conc. MH4OH bIue fIuorescence bIue fIuorescence (free umbeIIiferone) (free umbeIIiferone)
Uses: Uses: %opicoI sfimuIonf in pIosfers
E.g.2 Galbanum
9/16/2011 14 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Oriqin Oriqin:: oIeo-qum-resin obfoined by incision of sfems of Doremo
ommoniocum(UmbeIIiferoe)
Constituents: Constituents: voIofiIe oiI, resin, qum, ommoresinoI & froces of
soIicyIic ocid
N N ofh free, combined umbeIIiferone & suIfur compounds ore
ubsent
Test for identity: Test for identity: ifh wofer if forms o whife emuIsion, coIored
deep orunqe deep orunqe- -red red by chIorinofed sodo (due fo ommoresinoI)
Uses: Uses: If is used os o disinfecfonf, expecforonf in chronic bronchifis
E.q.3 Ammoniocum
9/16/2011 15 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Oriqin: Oriqin: oIeo-qum-resin obfoined from sfem & bronches of Comphoro moImoI
(Fom. urseroceoe). Secrefed by ducfs in fhe phIoem & exudes fhrouqh crocks
presenf in fhe bork.
Properties: Properties: Peddish-brown feors wifh sfronq oromofic odour & biffer fosfe
Test for identity: Test for identity: Exfrocf wifh efher, fhen divide in fwo dishes & evoporofe:
o. %o one odd few drops of HMO
3
purpIish vioIet purpIish vioIet
b. %o fhe ofher poss r
Z
vopour vioIet vioIet
Constituents: Constituents:
-I 7 VoIofiIe oiI conf. ferpene esfers, cuminic oIdehyde & euqenoI,
Zb-40 7 Pesin conf. commiphoric ocid
0um confoininq oxidose enzyme
Uses: Uses: AnfibiIhorzioI, onfisepfic (in moufhwosh),
E.q. E.q. 4 4 Myrrh Myrrh
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Oriqin: Oriqin: enzoin is fhe boIsomic resin obfoined from fhe incised sfems, of
Sfyroxbenzoin (known in commerce osSumofro benzoin) or ofSfyrox
fonkinensis (known in commerce osSiom benzoin) Fom.Sfyroceoe
Constituents Constituents
A) $umutru benzoin:
confoins boIsomic ocids (cinnomic ond benzoic) free or esfers
%riferpenoid ocids, such os sioresinoIic ocid & sumoresinoIic ocid
%roces of voniIIin
) $ium benzoin:
ConiferyI benzoofe (b7)
Free benzoic ocid, friferpenoid ocids & voniIIin
III-ALSAMS
E.q.I enzoin
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Conf. enzoin
Tests of identity Tests of identity
Powder + IMnO
4
/H
Z
SO
4
,worm foinf odor of benzoIdehyde onIy
wifh Sumofro benzoin (Siom benzoin confoins insufficienf cinnomic
ocid fo qive on odour of benzoIdehye)
Prepore efhereoI soIufion puf in o porceIoin dish confoininq Z fo
3 drops of H
Z
SO
4
deep purpIish red coIor deep purpIish red coIor is qiven wifh Siom
benzoin
Uses Uses
Corminofive, expecforonf, diurefic, onfisepfic, fumiqonf(inhoIed in
sfeom os o freofmenf for bronchifis) & in skincore preporofions.
9/16/2011 18 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani
Oriqin: Oriqin: If is fhe boIsom obfoined by incision of fhe frunks ofMyroxyIon foIuifero(Fom.
Lequminosoe)
Test for identity Test for identity
If is soIubIe in oIcohoI & fhe soIufion qive qreen coIor qreen coIor wifh FeCI
3
If confoins cinnomnic ocid, so if yieIds odour of benzoIdhyde when oxidized IMnO
4
Constituents Constituents
0 7 of resin (resin oIcohoIs combined wifh cinnomic & benzoic ocids)
Free cinnomic & benzoic ocids & IiffIe voniIIin
Esfers such os benzyI benzoofe & benzyI cinnomofe
Uses Uses
oIsom of %oIu hos onfisepfic properfies
If is o common pIeosonf inqredienf of couqh mixfures (odded os syrup or fincfure)
E.q.Z oIsom oF %oIu
9/16/2011 19 Dr. Harish Kakrani & Purvi Kakrani