^jll`tm~ju mgo _bz¥4>>: Heajmbf Frqdmobt

mff te`jq tbqbtsbo

Drbtcfu Pltfo& bqmdfeqjbo eg =5::eg _tmobpegoq ^mti& Alalgr@tlsb& Cflteom& pmq jb cetq‖drbtcfu jlrqb‘ eg Gltj MhbteamQegab jbg& jbtb jmq dbbg m~tlfecbtmelg lc qehefmt cmaefeebq&pjbtb m smtebu lc bzlea drbtcfebqmgo hljq jmaj mgo cflrteqj _jbtbmtb q~baebq ctlh Mqem& Mcteam& mgoQlrj Mhbteam‟fefb cfueg` kbpbfqjm hlq lc rq alrfo gl jl~b l~jll`tm~j orteg` jb alrtqb lc lgb fecbehb& clt tbmqlgq lc dljehb mgo cegmgabq Ulr plrfo jegi jm& pej qraj algtlffbo qrdkbaq&e plrfo db m qeh~fb hmbt l~tlorab rge}rb mgo atbmesbehm`bq _jbtb mtb& jlpbsbt&ajmffbg`bq l db hb ec ulr olg―pmg ulrt ~jll`tm~jq l flli krqfeib bsbtulgb bfqb'q _jbqb `bgbtmffuegslfsb jb clfflpeg` eqqrbq;

Qhmff qrdkbaqHlseg` qrdkbaq‖Qmhbgbqq‘ lc drbtcfebqmgo ~fmgqOeccearf fe`jeg`Afrbtbo dmai`tlrgoq

_jb Ajmffbg`b lcDrbtcfu Jlrqb^jll`tm~ju

Mdlsb Te`j; Dfrb @fmqqu _e`bt *Eobl~qeqsrf`mteq%Fbc; @tbbg Kmu *@tm~jerh m`mhbhglg%

Qhmff Qrdkbaq

_jb ajmffbg`b lc qhmff qrdkba qe{b eq hb du egatbmqeg` hm`geceamelgDrbtcfebq mtb cmetfu fmt`b qrdkbaq *clt m hmatl ~jll`tm~jbt%& mgohm`geceamelg ctlh =,? l =,4 fecb qe{b eq rqrmffu }reb mob}rmb Ec ulrolg― ol jeq u~b lc ~jll`tm~ju lcbg bglr`j l krqecu jb ~rtajmqb lc m /2>>(/=4>> q~baemfu fbgq& ajbai lr jb

hrfe(bfbhbg aflqb(r~ fbgqbq

&qraj mq jb Amglg 2>>O lt Geilg ‖_‘ qbtebq _jbqb mtb maabqqltebq jm celg jb ctlg lc ulrt glthmf fbgqbq feib cefbtq _jbu mtb tbmqlgmdfuegbz~bgqesb mgo mgu l~eamf oeqltelg eq rqrmffu qbbg m jb bo`bq lc jbctmhb Ec ulr ibb~ ulrt qrdkba cmetfu abgbtbo mgo ql~ olpg m fbmq lgbql~& ulr amg `bgbtmffu majebsb obabg tbqrfq Msleo jb qeg`fb bfbhbgaflqb(r~ cefbtq ‟ jbet l~eamf }rmfeu eq ~llt

Bzbgqelg rdbq

mgo

dbfflpq rgeq

egatbmqb hm`geceamelg du egatbmqeg`jb oeqmgab dbpbbg jb qrdkba mgo jb bub,cefh,qbgqlt ~fmgb _jbu mtbfbqq bz~bgqesb jmg hmatl fbgqbq& dr egslfsb m ‖crhdfb cmalt‘‟mgmaabqqltu l mmaj l jb amhbtm pjefb jb qrdkba cfebq mpmu _jb dbbtlgbq ~tbqbtsb mff jb mrlhmea crgaelgq lc jb amhbtm& dr ulrt fbgq amggl flg`bt clarq m egcegeu pej jb bzbgqelg mmajbo

Hlseg` qrdkbaq

Ec ulr peqj l ~jll`tm~j drbtcfebq eg cfe`j& `l pej je`j(q~bbo cfmqjrgeq& egctmtbo dbmh te``btq& mgo flq lc ~mebgab Ljbtpeqb& ulrt dbq db peff db l ~jll`tm~j jbqb flsbfu atbmrtbq mq jbu tbq Drbtcfebqmtb alfo(dfllobo‟jbu tbfu r~lg jb bh~btmrtb lc jbet qrttlrgoeg`ql hmegmeg jbet lpg dlou bh~btmrtb _jbet fbsbf lc maeseu egatbmqbqpej jb bh~btmrtb lc jbet qrttlrgoeg`q& ql db jbtb eg jb hltgeg`pjbg jbu mtb allf mgo qfr``eqj

JMFFBG@BLC

_BTCFU

JL_

L@TM^JU

_jb dbq *mgo alqfebq%l~elg tbhmegq jboboeambo hmatl fbgq_jbqb fbgqbq mtb l~eamffualttbabo clt aflqb(r~ehm`eg` mgo clarq ctlh=;= *fecb(qe{b% lt =;4 *jmfc fecb(qe{b% l egcegeuE ~tbcbt jb

=:>(4>>

hhfbgq dbamrqb e ~tlseobqjb qmhb hm`geceamelgpej m de hltb qrdkba(l(fbgq oeqmgab& m jbf~crfajmtmabteqea pjbg~jll`tm~jeg` qgmibq& dbbq& mgo qalt~elgq _jbflg`bt clamf fbg`j mfqlibb~q ulr lr lc ulrtlpg fe`j mq ulr~jll`tm~j qhmffbtqrdkbaq& mgo alh~tbqqbqob~j(lc(cebfo& l `esb ulrm ‖qlcbt‘ dmai`tlrgo Clthlq ~jll`tm~jbtq&jlpbsbt& jb

:2(=>2

hhtmg`b hmatl fbgq eq m `lloalh~tlheqb& mgo amgolrdfb mq m `llofmgoqam~b lt ~lttme fbgq

Qlhbehbq& dtbmieg` jb trfbq bgmdfbq rq l majebsb mg rgbz~babo tbqrf((Jbtb eq mg bccbaesb mdqtma lc m jlsbteg` drbtcfu rqeg` m qflp qjrbt q~bbomgo ceff(cfmqj' Pb maab~ jb qrdqb}rbg dfrt mq m ~mt lc jb alh~lqeelg'

Aflqb(r~ fbgqBzbgqelg _rdbqDbfflpq

Qmhbgbqq lc drbtcfebq mgo ~fmgq

Hlq drbtcfu cmaefeebq ol gl hmegmeg jbet lpg dtbboeg` qlai& dr tbfur~lg jb qmhb `tlr~ lc dtbbobtq mgo eh~ltbtq Drbtcfu mgo ~fmg q~baebqmtb tbfmesbfu qehefmt& jbtbcltb& ctlh lgb cmaefeu l jb gbz *_l jb ~legjm Kljg Im~tebfemg& gmrtb boelt lc jb qlai m`bgau ^jll TbqbmtajbtqEga& ~fbmoq& ‖^fbmqb& gl hltb jbfealgeo drbtcfebq lg fmgmgm lt dlr`megseffmbm‘% Qegab pb jmsb gl algtlf lsbt jb qrdkba hmbt l hmiblrt ehm`bq rge}rb& pb hrq flli clt dbjmseltq& mg`fbq& lt ~lqbq jm mtbegbtbqeg`& oeccbtbg& mgo,lt mbqjbeamffu ~fbmqeg`

Oeccearf Fe`jeg`

Fe`jeg` pejeg drbtcfu cmaefeebq hmu ~lqb qbsbtmf ajmffbg`bq E hmu dbrgbsbg lt algtmqu& marmffu gl hraj oeccbtbg ctlh fe`jeg` eg jbtmegcltbq _jb mdqlfrb fbsbf lc fe`j hmu mfql db }reb flp

Obmfeg` pej flp fe`j fbsbfq;

Drbtcfu jlrqbq mtb bqmdfeqjbo pej jb `bgbtmf ~rdfea *gl ~jll`tm~jbtq%eg hego& mgo dbamrqb lc q~mab mgo qmcbu eqqrbq& hmgu ol gl mfflp te~loqEc ulr peqj l alhb jlhb pej bzab~elgmf ehm`bq& db ~tb~mtbo l qjlljmgo(jbfo _jeq `esbq ulr pl hmeg l~elgq‟

je`jEQL

bfbatlgeacfmqj

*Rqb ulrt te~lo ec ulr amg& dr mfpmuq mqi cetq%

Egatbmqeg`jbEQL

mfflpqulr l rqb m cmqbt qjrbt q~bbo Oeèmf ehmèg` jmq m afbmt mosmgm`b lsbtcefh eg jeq tb`mto‑jb mdefeu l ajmg`b EQL eg heo(qtbmh l mom~ loeccbtbg fe`jeg` algoeelgq Dbcltb ulr dbèg l `flm& jlpbsbt& db mpmtbjm pjbg ulr dllq jb EQL& ulr mfql egatbmqb jb fbsbf lc ‖gleqb‘ *jboeèmf b}resmfbg lc cefh `tmeg% bq~baemffu eg mtbmq lc qjmolp Hlq hlobtgoeèmf amhbtmq peff ~tlseob m ‖tbmqlgmdfb‘ gleqb qtrartb r~ l EQL ?>>&pej hmgu lc jb gbpbt lgbq ~tlseoeg` sbtu cegb gleqb qtrartb pbff mdlsbjm tmg`b Ulr amg mfql obatbmqb gleqb orteg` ~lq(am~rtb ~tlabqqeg`

JMFFBG@BLC

_BTCFU

JL_

L@TM^JU

Ulr amg rqb jb rge}rb ajmtmabteqeaqlc jb drbtcfu mq ~mt lc ulrtalh~lqeelg' _jb `fmqqpeg` lg jb fbc ~lqbo eg ctlg lc m alfltcrf dflqqlh&otmpeg` mbgelg l jb tmgq~mtbgaulc eq peg`q'_jb ‖pegq‘ dbflp ~tbqbg m hltbegbtbqeg` alh~lqeelg jmg m qeg`fbmgehmf' _jbu lgfu qmubo eg jeq ~lqb clt m hegrb& dr E pmfi pej hub}re~hbg mftbmou qb clt jb obqetbobz~lqrtb mgo hm`geceamelg' Pjbg E q~l m pltju qrdkba& mff E jmsb l oleq ctmhb& clarq& mgo ~tbqq jb qjrbt'

Dbjmseltq qraj mq b``(fmueg`& cbboeg`& hmeg`&btteltemf ajmffbg`bq&jlsbteg`& mgo bhbt`bgabctlh ajtuqmfeoq mtb mff`teq clt jb hmatl(~jll`tm~jbt―q heff Mqulr pmfi mtlrgo& ulrpeff mfql dbalhb cmhefemtpej jb drbtcfu―qjmdeq Qlhb pefftb~bmbofu tbrtg l jbqmhb cflpbt& mfflpeg`ulr l qb r~ mgo ~tb~mtbulrtqbfc mgo ulrt amhbtmclt ehm`b(hmieg`